Digital Commons Network^™

High-Mobility Group Box 1 Protein Initiates Postoperative Cognitive Decline By Engaging Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages, S. Vacas, V. Degos, K. J. Tracey, M. Maze

Journal Articles

Background: Aseptic trauma engages the innate immune response to trigger a neuroinflammatory reaction that results in postoperative cognitive decline. The authors sought to determine whether high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), an ubiquitous nucleosomal protein, initiates this process through activation and trafficking of circulating bone marrow-derived macrophages to the brain. Methods: The effects of HMGB1 on memory (using trace fear conditioning) were tested in adult C57BL/6J male mice; separate cohorts were tested after bone marrow-derived macrophages were depleted by clodrolip. The effect of anti-HMGB1 neutralizing antibody on the inflammatory and behavioral responses to tibial surgery were investigated. Results: A single …

Lymphocyte Called Home: Beta2-Adreneric Neurotransmission Confines T Cells To Lymph Nodes To Suppress Inflammation, K J. Tracey

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Mapping Human Brain Networks With Cortico-Cortical Evoked Potentials, C. J. Keller, C. J. Honey, P. Megevand, L. Entz, I. Ulbert, A. D. Mehta

Journal Articles

The cerebral cortex forms a sheet of neurons organized into a network of interconnected modules that is highly expanded in humans and presumably enables our most refined sensory and cognitive abilities. The links of this network form a fundamental aspect of its organization, and a great deal of research is focusing on understanding how information flows within and between different regions. However, an often-overlooked element of this connectivity regards a causal, hierarchical structure of regions, whereby certain nodes of the cortical network may exert greater influence over the others. While this is difficult to ascertain non-invasively, patients undergoing invasive electrode …

Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Staging And Autofluorescence Imaging In Achromatopsia, J. P. Greenberg, J. Sherman, S. A. Zweifel, R. W. Chen, T. Duncker, S. Kohl, B. Baumann, B. Wissinger, L. A. Yannuzzi, S. H. Tsang

Journal Articles

IMPORTANCE Evidence is mounting that achromatopsia is a progressive retinal degeneration, and treatments for this condition are on the horizon. OBJECTIVES To categorize achromatopsia into clinically identifiable stages using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and to describe fundus autofluorescence imaging in this condition. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A prospective observational study was performed between 2010 and 2012 at the Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, New York-Presbyterian Hospital. Participants included 17 patients (aged 10-62 years) with full-field electroretinography-confirmed achromatopsia. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography features and staging system, fundus autofluorescence and near-infrared reflectance features and their correlation to optical …

Multi-Detector Coronary Ct Imaging For The Identification Of Coronary Artery Stenoses In A "Real-World" Population, A. N. Makaryus, S. Henry, L. Loewinger, J. N. Makaryus, L. Boxt

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Multi-detector computed tomography (CT) has emerged as a modality for the non-invasive assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD). Prior studies have selected patients for evaluation and have excluded many of the "real-world" patients commonly encountered in daily practice. We compared 64-detector-CT (64-CT) to conventional coronary angiography (CA) to investigate the accuracy of 64-CT in determining significant coronary stenoses in a "real-world" clinical population. METHODS: A total of 1,818 consecutive patients referred for 64-CT were evaluated. CT angiography was performed using the GE LightSpeed VCT (GE((R)) Healthcare). Forty-one patients in whom 64-CT results prompted CA investigation were further evaluated, and …

Contraceptive Sabotage, Leah A. Plunkett

Law Faculty Scholarship

This Article responds to the alarm recently sounded by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists over “birth control sabotage”—the “active interference [by one partner] with [the other] partner’s contraceptive methods in an attempt to promote pregnancy.” Currently, sabotage is not a crime, and existing categories of criminal offenses fail to capture the essence of the injury it does to victims. This Article argues that sabotage should be a separate crime—but only when perpetrated against those partners who can and do get pregnant as a result of having sabotaged sex. Using the principle of self-possession—understood as a person’s basic right …

The Subjective Experience Of Youths At Clinically High Risk Of Psychosis: A Qualitative Study, S. Ben-David, M. L. Birnbaum, M. E. Eilenberg, J. E. Devylder, K. E. Gill, J. Schienle, N. Azimov, E. P. Lukens, L. Davidson, C. M. Corcoran

Journal Articles

Objective: Understanding the experience of individuals across stages of schizophrenia is important for development of services to promote recovery. As yet, little is known about the experience of individuals who exhibit prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia. Methods: Audiotaped interviews were conducted with 27 participants of diverse racial-ethnic backgrounds who were at clinically high risk of psychosis (15 males and 12 females; mean age 21). Phenomenological qualitative research techniques of coding, consensus, and comparison were used. Results: Emergent themes differed by gender. Themes for males were feeling abnormal or "broken," focus on going " crazy," fantasy and escapism, and alienation and despair, …

Diagnosis Of Abnormal Biliary Copper Excretion By Positron Emission Tomography With Targeting Of (64)Copper-Asialofetuin Complex In Lec Rat Model Of Wilson's Disease, R. Bahde, S. Kapoor, K. K. Bhargava, C. J. Palestro, S. Gupta

Journal Articles

Identification by molecular imaging of key processes in handling of transition state metals, such as copper (Cu), will be of considerable clinical value. For instance, the ability to diagnose Wilson's disease with molecular imaging by identifying copper excretion in an ATP7B-dependent manner will be very significant. To develop highly effective diagnostic approaches, we hypothesized that targeting of radiocopper via the asialoglycoprotein receptor will be appropriate for positron emission tomography, and examined this approach in a rat model of Wilson's disease. After complexing (64)Cu to asialofetuin we studied handling of this complex compared with (64)Cu in healthy LEA rats and diseased …

Nuclear Medicine And The Failed Joint Replacement: Past, Present, And Future, C. J. Palestro

Journal Articles

Soon after the introduction of the modern prosthetic joint, it was recognized that radionuclide imaging provides useful information about these devices. The bone scan was used extensively to identify causes of prosthetic joint failure. It became apparent, however, that although sensitive, regardless of how the images were analyzed or how it was performed, the test was not specific and could not distinguish among the causes of prosthetic failure. Advances in anatomic imaging, notably cross sectional modalities, have facilitated the diagnosis of many, if not most, causes of prosthetic failure, with the important exception of infection. This has led to a …

Comprehensive Analysis Of Human Cytomegalovirus Microrna Expression During Lytic And Quiescent Infection, Zhang-Zhou Shen, Xing Pan, Ling-Feng Miao, Han-Qing Ye, Stéphane Chavanas, Christian Davrinche, Michael Mcvoy, Min-Hua Luo

Pediatrics Publications

Background

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes microRNAs (miRNAs) that function as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression during lytic infection in permissive cells. Some miRNAs have been shown to suppress virus replication, which could help HCMV to establish or maintain latent infection. However, HCMV miRNA expression has not been comprehensively examined and compared using cell culture systems representing permissive (lytic) and semi-permissive vs. non-permissive (latent-like) infection.

Methods

Viral miRNAs levels and expression kinetics during HCMV infection were determined by miRNA-specific stem-loop RT-PCR. HCMV infected THP-1 (non-permissive), differentiated THP-1 (d-THP-1, semi-permissive) and human embryo lung fibroblasts (HELs, fully-permissive) were examined. The impact of …

Wound Healing In Peripheral Arterial Disease: Current And Future Therapy, Jon C. Henry, Laura Peterson, Richard E. Schlanger, Michael R. Go, Chandan K. Sen, Robert S.D. Higgins

Department of Surgery Faculty Publications

Wounds secondary to peripheral arterial disease (PAD) result in substantial morbidity and burden to the healthcare industry. To aid in the care of this patient population, knowledge of the disease process and current standards of therapy is paramount for healthcare providers.The future care of these patients and improvement from our existing standards hinges on the active translational research. To implement new technologies and advances in the treatment of PAD-induced wounds and ensure adequate utilization of our current therapies a PAD-wound team is necessary.

Can Clinical Decision Support Improve Medication Safety In The Ambulatory Setting?, B. Keber

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Tblr1 As An Androgen Receptor (Ar) Coactivator Selectively Activates Ar Target Genes To Inhibit Prostate Cancer Growth, G. Daniels, Y. Li, L. L. Gellert, A. Zhou, J. Melamed, X. Wu, X. Zhang, D. Zhang, D. Meruelo, S. K. Logan, R. Basch, P. Lee

Journal Articles

Androgen receptor (AR), a steroid hormone receptor, is critical for prostate cancer growth. However, activation of AR by androgens can also lead to growth suppression and differentiation. Transcriptional cofactors play an important role in this switch between proliferative and anti-proliferative AR target gene programs. Transducin beta-like-related protein 1 (TBLR1), a core component of the nuclear receptor corepressor complex, shows both corepressor and coactivator activities on nuclear receptors, but little is known about its effects on AR and prostate cancer. We characterized TBLR1 as a coactivator of AR in prostate cancer cells and determined that the activation is dependent on both …

Considerations And Challenges In Defining Optimal Iron Utilization In Hemodialysis, D. M. Charytan, A. B. Pai, C. T. Chan, D. W. Coyne, A. M. Hung, C. P. Kovesdy, S. Fishbane

Journal Articles

Trials raising concerns about erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, revisions to their labeling, and changes to practice guidelines and dialysis payment systems have provided strong stimuli to decrease erythropoiesis-stimulating agent use and increase intravenous iron administration in recent years. These factors have been associated with a rise in iron utilization, particularly among hemodialysis patients, and an unprecedented increase in serum ferritin concentrations. The mean serum ferritin concentration among United States dialysis patients in 2013 exceeded 800 ng/ml, with 18% of patients exceeding 1200 ng/ml. Although these changes are broad based, the wisdom of these practices is uncertain. Herein, we examine influences on and …

Genetics Of Rheumatoid Arthritis Contributes To Biology And Drug Discovery, Y. Okada, D. Wu, G. Trynka, T. Raj, C. Terao, K. Ikari, Y. Kochi, K. Ohmura, P. K. Gregersen, R. M. Plenge, +85 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

A major challenge in human genetics is to devise a systematic strategy to integrate disease-associated variants with diverse genomic and biological data sets to provide insight into disease pathogenesis and guide drug discovery for complex traits such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here we performed a genome-wide association study meta-analysis in a total of >100,000 subjects of European and Asian ancestries (29,880 RA cases and 73,758 controls), by evaluating approximately 10 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We discovered 42 novel RA risk loci at a genome-wide level of significance, bringing the total to 101 (refs 2 - 4). We devised an in silico …

Ibrutinib Versus Ofatumumab In Previously Treated Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia, J. C. Byrd, J. R. Brown, S. O'Brien, J. C. Barrientos, N. E. Kay, N. M. Reddy, S. Coutre, C. S. Tam, S. P. Mulligan, P. Hillmen, +25 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Background In patients with chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), a short duration of response to therapy or adverse cytogenetic abnormalities are associated with a poor outcome. We evaluated the efficacy of ibrutinib, a covalent inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase, in patients at risk for a poor outcome. Methods In this multicenter, open-label, phase 3 study, we randomly assigned 391 patients with relapsed or refractory CLL or SLL to receive daily ibrutinib or the anti-CD20 antibody ofatumumab. The primary end point was the duration of progression-free survival, with the duration of overall survival and the overall response …

Mutations In The Gene That Encodes The F-Actin Binding Protein Anillin Cause Fsgs, R. A. Gbadegesin, G. Hall, A. Adeyemo, N. Hanke, I. Tossidou, J. Burchette, G. H. Wu, A. Homstad, P. C. Singhal, M. P. Winn, +17 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

FSGS is characterized by segmental scarring of the glomerulus and is a leading cause of kidney failure. Identification of genes causing FSGS has improved our understanding of disease mechanisms and points to defects in the glomerular epithelial cell, the podocyte, as a major factor in disease pathogenesis. Using a combination of genome-wide linkage studies and whole-exonne sequencing in a kindred with familial FSGS, we identified a missense mutation R431C in anillin (ANLN), an F-actin binding cell cycle gene, as a cause of FSGS. We screened 250 additional families with FSGS and found another variant, G618C, that segregates with disease in …

Pathogenetic Role Of Glomerular Cxcl13 Expression In Lupus Nephritis, K. Worthmann, F. Gueler, S. Von Vietinghoff, A. Davalos-Militz, F. Wiehler, A. Davidson, T. Witte, H. Haller, M. Schiffer, L. Schiffer, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

Podocytes maintain the structure and function of the glomerular filtration barrier. However, podocytes have recently been implicated in the innate immune response, and their function as non-haematopoietic antigen-presenting cells was highlighted. We have shown previously that excessive expression of the chemokine CXCL13 is a distinctive early event for nephritis in a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Furthermore, we found that CXCL13 is elevated significantly in the serum of patients with SLE-nephritis. In this study, we were able to show for the first time that (i) CXCL13 is expressed locally in glomeruli in a model for SLE-nephritis in mice …

Central Muscarinic Cholinergic Activation Alters Interaction Between Splenic Dendritic Cell And Cd4(+)Cd25(-) T Cells In Experimental Colitis, P. Munyaka, M. F. Rabbi, V. A. Pavlov, K. J. Tracey, E. Khafipour, J. E. Ghia

Journal Articles

Background: The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) is based on vagus nerve (VN) activity that regulates macrophage and dendritic cell responses in the spleen through alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (a7nAChR) signaling. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients present dysautonomia with decreased vagus nerve activity, dendritic cell and T cell over-activation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether central activation of the CAP alters the function of dendritic cells (DCs) and sequential CD4(+)/CD25(-)T cell activation in the context of experimental colitis. Methods: The dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid model of experimental colitis in C57BL/6 mice was used. Central, intracerebroventricular infusion of the M1 …

Quetiapine Versus Aripiprazole In Children And Adolescents With Psychosis - Protocol For The Randomised, Blinded Clinical Tolerability And Efficacy Of Antipsychotics (Tea) Trial, A. K. Pagsberg, P. Jeppesen, D. G. Klauber, K. G. Jensen, D. Ruda, M. Stentebjerg-Olesen, P. Jantzen, S. Rasmussen, Christoph Correll, B. Fagerlund, +19 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Background: The evidence for choices between antipsychotics for children and adolescents with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders is limited. The main objective of the Tolerability and Efficacy of Antipsychotics (TEA) trial is to compare the benefits and harms of quetiapine versus aripiprazole in children and adolescents with psychosis in order to inform rational, effective and safe treatment selections. Methods/Design: The TEA trial is a Danish investigator-initiated, independently funded, multi-centre, randomised, blinded clinical trial. Based on sample size estimation, 112 patients aged 12-17 years with psychosis, antipsychotic-naive or treated for a limited period are, 1:1 randomised to a 12-week, double-blind intervention …

Ulinastatin Activates Haem Oxygenase 1 Antioxidant Pathway And Attenuates Allergic Inflammation, D. M. Song, G. Song, Y. H. Niu, W. Song, J. T. Wang, L. Yu, J. W. Yang, H. Steinberg, S. F. Liu, B. S. Wang, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

Background and PurposeUlinastatin (UTI), a serine protease inhibitor, was recently found to have an anti-inflammatory action. However, the mechanisms mediating this anti-inflammatory effect are not well understood. This study tested the hypothesis that UTI suppresses allergic inflammation by inducing the expression of haem oxygenase 1 (HO1). Experimental ApproachControl mice and mice sensitized (on days 1, 9 and 14) and challenged (on days 21 to 27) with ovalbumin (OVA) were treated with UTI. The effects of UTI on basal expression of HO1 and that induced by OVA challenge were examined. The involvement of UTI-induced HO1 expression in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects …

Emerging Biomarkers And Metabolomics For Assessing Toxic Nephropathy And Acute Kidney Injury (Aki) In Neonatology, M. Mussap, A. Noto, V. Fanos, John N. Van Den Anker

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Identification of novel drug-induced toxic nephropathy and acute kidney injury (AKI) biomarkers has been designated as a top priority by the American Society of Nephrology. Increasing knowledge in the science of biology and medicine is leading to the discovery of still more new biomarkers and of their roles in molecular pathways triggered by physiological and pathological conditions. Concomitantly, the development of the so-called “omics” allows the progressive clinical utilization of a multitude of information, from those related to the human genome (genomics) and proteome (proteomics), including the emerging epigenomics, to those related to metabolites (metabolomics). In preterm newborns, one of …

Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease: The Prototype Of The Hepato-Renal Fibrocystic Diseases, Lisa Guay-Woodford

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a severe, typically early onset form of renal cystic disease. The care of ARPKD patients has traditionally been the purview of pediatric nephrologists for management of systemic hypertension and progressive renal insufficiency. However, the disease has multisystem manifestations and a comprehensive care strategy frequently requires a multidisciplinary team. In severely affected infants, the diagnosis often is first suspected by obstetricians when enlarged, echogenic kidneys and oligohydramnios are detected on prenatal ultrasounds. Neonatologists are central to the care of these infants, who may have respiratory compromise due to pulmonary hypoplasia and massively enlarged kidneys. …

The Association Of Plasma Biomarkers With Computed Tomography-Assessed Emphysema Phenotypes, Brendan J. Carolan, Grant Hughes, Jarrett Morrow, Craig P. Hersh, Wanda K. O'Neal, Stephen I. Rennard, Sreekumar G. Pillai, Paula Belloni, Debra A. Cockayne, Alejandro P. Comellas, Meilan Han, Rachel L. Zemans, Katerina Kechris, Russell P. Bowler

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

RATIONALE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a phenotypically heterogeneous disease. In COPD, the presence of emphysema is associated with increased mortality and risk of lung cancer. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans are useful in quantifying emphysema but are associated with radiation exposure and high incidence of false positive findings (i.e., nodules). Using a comprehensive biomarker panel, we sought to determine if there was a peripheral blood biomarker signature of emphysema.

METHODS: 114 plasma biomarkers were measured using a custom assay in 588 individuals enrolled in the COPDGene study. Quantitative emphysema measurements included percent low lung attenuation (%LAA) ≤ …

Development Of Status Epilepticus, Sustained Calcium Elevations And Neuronal Injury In A Rat Survival Model Of Lethal Paraoxon Intoxication, Laxmikant Sudhir Deshpande, Dawn S. Carter, Kristin Phillips, Robert E. Blair, Robert J. Delorenzo

Neurology Publications

Paraoxon (POX) is an active metabolite of organophosphate (OP) pesticide parathion that has been weaponized and used against civilian populations. Exposure to POX produces high mortality. OP poisoning is often associated with chronic neurological disorders. In this study, we optimize a rat survival model of lethal POX exposures in order to mimic both acute and long-term effects of POX intoxication. Male Sprague–Dawley rats injected with POX (4 mg/kg, ice-cold PBS, s.c.) produced a rapid cholinergic crisis that evolved into status epilepticus (SE) and death within 6–8 min. The EEG profile for POX induced SE was characterized and showed clinical and …

Metabolic Effects Of Acute Thiamine Depletion Are Reversed By Rapamycin In Breast And Leukemia Cells, Shuqian Liu, Sumitra Miriyala, Mignon A. Keaton, Craig T. Jordan, Christina Wiedl, Daret K. St. Clair, Jeffrey A. Moscow

Pediatrics Publications

Thiamine-dependent enzymes (TDEs) control metabolic pathways that are frequently altered in cancer and therefore present cancer-relevant targets. We have previously shown that the recombinant enzyme thiaminase cleaves and depletes intracellular thiamine, has growth inhibitory activity against leukemia and breast cancer cell lines, and that its growth inhibitory effects were reversed in leukemia cell lines by rapamycin. Now, we first show further evidence of thiaminase therapeutic potential by demonstrating its activity against breast and leukemia xenografts, and against a primary leukemia xenograft. We therefore further explored the metabolic effects of thiaminase in combination with rapamycin in leukemia and breast cell lines. …

Near-Infrared Imaging Of Adoptive Immune Cell Therapy In Breast Cancer Model Using Cell Membrane Labeling, Fatma M. Youniss, Gobalakrishnan Sundaresan, Laura J. Graham, Li Wang, Collin R. Berry, Gajanan K. Dewkar, Purnima Jose, Harry D. Bear, Jamal Zweit

Radiology Publications

The overall objective of this study is to non-invasively image and assess tumor targeting and retention of directly labeled T-lymphocytes following their adoptive transfer in mice. T-lymphocytes obtained from draining lymph nodes of 4T1 (murine breast cancer cell) sensitized BALB/C mice were activated in-vitro with Bryostatin/Ionomycin for 18 hours, and were grown in the presence of Interleukin-2 for 6 days. T-lymphocytes were then directly labeled with 1,1-dioctadecyltetramethyl indotricarbocyanine Iodide (DiR), a lipophilic near infrared fluorescent dye that labels the cell membrane. Assays for viability, proliferation, and function of labeled T-lymphocytes showed that they were unaffected by DiR labeling. The DiR …

Complement Expression In The Retina Is Not Influenced By Short-Term Pressure Elevation, Konstantin Astafurov, Cecilia Q. Dong, Lampros Panagis, Gautam Kamtham, Lizhen Ren, Anna Rozenboym, Tarique D. Perera, Jeremy D. Coplan, John Danias

Publications and Research

Purpose: To determine whether short-term pressure elevation affects complement gene expression in the retina in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: Muller cell (TR-MUL5) cultures and organotypic retinal cultures from adult mice and monkeys were sub- jected to either 24-h or 72-h of pressure at 0, 15, 30, and 45 mmHg above ambient. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to microbead-induced intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation for 7 days. RNA and protein were extracted and used for analysis of expression levels of complement component genes and complement component 1, q subcomponent (C1q) and comple- ment factor H (CFH) immunoblotting. …

Broad And Direct Interaction Between Tlr And Siglec Families Of Pattern Recognition Receptors And Its Regulation By Neu1., Guo-Yun Chen, Nicholas K. Brown, Wei Wu, Zahra Khedri, Hai Yu, Xi Chen, Diantha Van De Vlekkert, Alessandra D'Azzo, Pan Zheng, Yang Liu

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Both pathogen- and tissue damage-associated molecular patterns induce inflammation through toll-like receptors (TLRs), while sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin superfamily lectin receptors (Siglecs) provide negative regulation. Here we report extensive and direct interactions between these pattern recognition receptors. The promiscuous TLR binders were human SIGLEC-5/9 and mouse Siglec-3/E/F. Mouse Siglec-G did not show appreciable binding to any TLRs tested. Correspondingly, Siglece deletion enhanced dendritic cell responses to all microbial TLR ligands tested, while Siglecg deletion did not affect the responses to these ligands. TLR4 activation triggers Neu1 translocation to cell surface to disrupt TLR4:Siglec-E interaction. Conversely, sialidase inhibitor Neu5Gc2en prevented TLR4 ligand-induced …

Influence Of Diet And Obesity On Copd Development And Outcomes, Corrine K. Hanson, Erica P. Rutten, Emiel F.M. Wouters, Stephen I. Rennard

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

The global increase in the prevalence and incidence of obesity has called serious attention to this issue as a major public health concern. Obesity is associated with many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and recently the role of overweight and obesity in lung disease has received new interest. Independently of obesity, diet also plays a role as a risk factor for many chronic diseases, and evidence is accumulating to support a role for diet in the prevention and management of several lung diseases. Chronic obstructive lung disease is the third-leading cause of death globally, and both obesity and …