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Trial Sequential Analysis Comparing Bleeding And Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events In Patients With Atrial Fibrillation And Acute Coronary Syndrome On Dual Versus Triple Therapy, Muhamad B. Munir, Khansa Osman, Maryam Saleem, Kinjan Patel, Sudarshan Balla Jan 2019

Trial Sequential Analysis Comparing Bleeding And Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events In Patients With Atrial Fibrillation And Acute Coronary Syndrome On Dual Versus Triple Therapy, Muhamad B. Munir, Khansa Osman, Maryam Saleem, Kinjan Patel, Sudarshan Balla

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Objective To assess efficacy and safety of dual therapy (DT) and triple therapy (TT) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with or without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and evaluate the quality of evidence with respect to said outcomes based on contemporary randomized trials (RCTs). The efficacy outcome taken was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) while safety outcome was major bleeding events. Introduction Appropriate anti-thrombotic therapy is still controversial in patients with AF and concomitant ACS or PCI. We conducted a conventional meta-analysis pooling data from major RCTs to assess the efficacy and safety of DT …

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Molecular Mechanisms Of Cancer-Induced Sleep Disruption, William H. Walker, Jeremy C. Borniger Jan 2019

Molecular Mechanisms Of Cancer-Induced Sleep Disruption, William H. Walker, Jeremy C. Borniger

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Sleep is essential for health. Indeed, poor sleep is consistently linked to the development of systemic disease, including depression, metabolic syndrome, and cognitive impairments. Further evidence has accumulated suggesting the role of sleep in cancer initiation and progression (primarily breast cancer). Indeed, patients with cancer and cancer survivors frequently experience poor sleep, manifesting as insomnia, circadian misalignment, hypersomnia, somnolence syndrome, hot flushes, and nightmares. These problems are associated with a reduction in the patients’ quality of life and increased mortality. Due to the heterogeneity among cancers, treatment regimens, patient populations and lifestyle factors, the etiology of cancer-induced sleep disruption is …

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Story Of An Unfortunate Fall: Cardiac Contusion Presenting With An Atrioventricular Block, Maryam Saleem, Fatima Ahmed, Kinjan Patel, Muhamad B. Munir, Mary Warden Jan 2019

Story Of An Unfortunate Fall: Cardiac Contusion Presenting With An Atrioventricular Block, Maryam Saleem, Fatima Ahmed, Kinjan Patel, Muhamad B. Munir, Mary Warden

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Blunt cardiac injury (BCI), also referred to in the literature as a cardiac contusion, is a known cause of myocardial injury. It is often challenging to diagnose this condition in the absence of clear diagnostic criteria. Furthermore, its clinical presentation is highly variable depending on the severity, type, and duration of the trauma, as well as the timing from the initial insult. The clinical manifestation of BCI ranges from none to fatal arrhythmias to cardiac wall rupture seen on post-mortem examination. Cardiac biomarkers and electrocardiograms (EKG) are usually helpful in identifying cardiac trauma but are not necessarily abnormal in all …

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Meniscal Repair In Pediatric Populations: A Systematic Review Of Outcomes, Daniel J. Liechti, David S. Constantinescu, Taylor J. Ridley, Jorge Chahla, Justin J. Mitchell, Alexander R. Vap Jan 2019

Meniscal Repair In Pediatric Populations: A Systematic Review Of Outcomes, Daniel J. Liechti, David S. Constantinescu, Taylor J. Ridley, Jorge Chahla, Justin J. Mitchell, Alexander R. Vap

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Loss of meniscal tissue in the pediatric population can have long-term consequences on joint health, highlighting the importance of meniscal preservation in this group. Purpose: To systematically review reported knee outcome measures and complication rates after repair of meniscal tears in children and adolescents. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A review of the literature regarding the existing evidence for pediatric meniscal tear outcomes was performed through use of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed (1980-present), and MEDLINE (1980-present). Included were articles in English that reported the outcomes …

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Closed-Loop Cardiovascular Interactions And The Baroreflex Cardiac Arm: Modulations Over The 24 H And The Effect Of Hypertension, Gianfranco Parati, Paolo Castiglioni, Andrea Faini, Marco Di Rienzo, Giuseppe Mancia, Riccardo Barbieri, J. Philip Saul Jan 2019

Closed-Loop Cardiovascular Interactions And The Baroreflex Cardiac Arm: Modulations Over The 24 H And The Effect Of Hypertension, Gianfranco Parati, Paolo Castiglioni, Andrea Faini, Marco Di Rienzo, Giuseppe Mancia, Riccardo Barbieri, J. Philip Saul

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Closed-loop models of the interactions between blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variations allow for estimation of baroreflex sensitivity (feedback effects of BP changes on heart rate) while also considering the feedforward effects of heart rate on BP. Our study is aimed at comparing modulations of feedback and feedforward couplings over 24 h in normotensive and hypertensive subjects, by assessing closed-loop baroreflex models in ambulatory conditions. Continuous intra-arterial BP recordings were performed for 24 h in eight normotensive and eight hypertensive subjects. Systolic BP (SBP) and pulse interval (PI) beat-by-beat series were analyzed by an autoregressive moving average model over …

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Assessment Of Volume Status During Prone Spine Surgery Via A Novel Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Technique, Jeremy Hensley, Hong Wang Jan 2019

Assessment Of Volume Status During Prone Spine Surgery Via A Novel Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Technique, Jeremy Hensley, Hong Wang

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background Operations performed with the patient in the prone position can pose a significant challenge to the anesthesiologist. Hypotension is a commonly encountered complication. Intravascular volume depletion and decreased cardiac output secondary to decreased preload are thought to be the most likely cause of hypotension in the prone position. Measurement of inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter via point-of-care ultrasound examination (POC_US) has been used to provide an estimate of intravascular volume status. However, this measurement is most often obtained with the patient in the supine position. Materials and methods In this study, we describe a technique for evaluating IVC diameter …

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Global Climate Change And Invariable Photoperiods: A Mismatch That Jeopardizes Animal Fitness, William H. Walker Ii, Olga Hecmarie Meléndez‐Fernández, Randy J. Nelson, Russel J. Reiter Jan 2019

Global Climate Change And Invariable Photoperiods: A Mismatch That Jeopardizes Animal Fitness, William H. Walker Ii, Olga Hecmarie Meléndez‐Fernández, Randy J. Nelson, Russel J. Reiter

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The Earth's surface temperature is rising, and precipitation patterns throughout the Earth are changing; the source of these shifts is likely anthropogenic in nature. Alterations in temperature and precipitation have obvious direct and indirect ef‐ fects on both plants and animals. Notably, changes in temperature and precipita‐ tion alone can have both advantageous and detrimental consequences depending on the species. Typically, production of offspring is timed to coincide with optimal food availability; thus, individuals of many species display annual rhythms of reproductive function. Because it requires substantial time to establish or re‐establish reproduc‐ tive function, individuals cannot depend on the …

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Modeling Human Cancer-Induced Cachexia, Erin E. Talbert, Maria C. Cuitin˜ O, Katherine J. Ladner, Priyani V. Rajasekerea, Melissa Siebert, Reena Shakya, Gustavo W. Leone, Michael C. Ostrowski, Brain Paleo, Noah Weisleder, Peter J. Reiser, Amy Webb, Cynthia D. Timmers, Daniel S. Eiferman, David C. Evans, Mary E. Dilhoff, Carl R. Schmidt Jan 2019

Modeling Human Cancer-Induced Cachexia, Erin E. Talbert, Maria C. Cuitin˜ O, Katherine J. Ladner, Priyani V. Rajasekerea, Melissa Siebert, Reena Shakya, Gustavo W. Leone, Michael C. Ostrowski, Brain Paleo, Noah Weisleder, Peter J. Reiser, Amy Webb, Cynthia D. Timmers, Daniel S. Eiferman, David C. Evans, Mary E. Dilhoff, Carl R. Schmidt

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Talbert et al. developed an inducible mouse model of cachexia caused by pancreatic cancer. This model exhibits features of the human condition, including the progressive depletion of muscle and adipose tissue associated with tumor progression.

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Metabolic Deregulation Of The Blood-Outer Retinal Barrier In Retinitis Pigmentosa, Wei Wang, Ashwini Kini, Yekai Wang, Tingting Liu, Yao Chen, Eric Vukmanic, Douglas Emery, Yongqing Liu, Xiaoqin Lu, Lei Jin, San Joon Lee, Patrick Scott, Xiao Liu, Kevin Dean, Qingxian Lu, Enzo Fortuny, Robert James, Henry J. Kaplan, Jianhai Du, Douglas C. Dean Jan 2019

Metabolic Deregulation Of The Blood-Outer Retinal Barrier In Retinitis Pigmentosa, Wei Wang, Ashwini Kini, Yekai Wang, Tingting Liu, Yao Chen, Eric Vukmanic, Douglas Emery, Yongqing Liu, Xiaoqin Lu, Lei Jin, San Joon Lee, Patrick Scott, Xiao Liu, Kevin Dean, Qingxian Lu, Enzo Fortuny, Robert James, Henry J. Kaplan, Jianhai Du, Douglas C. Dean

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) initiates with diminished rod photoreceptor function, causing peripheral and nighttime vision loss. However, subsequent loss of cone function and high-resolution daylight and color vision is most debilitating. Visual pigment-rich photoreceptor outer segments (OS) undergo phagocytosis by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and the RPE also acts as a blood-outer retinal barrier transporting nutrients, including glucose, to photoreceptors. We provide evidence that contact between externalized phosphatidylserine (PS) on OS tips and apical RPE receptors activates Akt, linking phagocytosis with glucose transport to photoreceptors for new OS synthesis. As abundant mutant rod OS tips shorten in RP, Akt activation …

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Pediatric Testicular Torsion: Does Patient Transfer Affect Time To Intervention Or Surgical Outcomes At A Rural Tertiary Care Center?, Tyler Overhoolt, Morris Jessop, Osama Al-Omar, John Barnard Jan 2019

Pediatric Testicular Torsion: Does Patient Transfer Affect Time To Intervention Or Surgical Outcomes At A Rural Tertiary Care Center?, Tyler Overhoolt, Morris Jessop, Osama Al-Omar, John Barnard

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Testicular torsion (TT) is a urologic emergency that requires prompt surgical intervention. In rural Appalachia, patients are often transferred from surrounding communities due to lack of urologic care. We hypothesized that those transferred would have delayed intervention and higher rates of orchiectomy when compared to those who presented directly to our hospital. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patient charts with an ICD-9 diagnosis of TT from 2008 to 2016. Patients met inclusion criteria if diagnosis was confirmed by operative exploration. We compared rate of testicular loss and time until surgical intervention between groups. Results: Twenty-three patients met …

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Incidence Of Acute Kidney Injury In Patients With Chronic Renal Insufficiency: Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement, M. Catalano, D. Lin, H. Cassiere, N. Kohn, B. Rutkin, G. Maurer, J. A. Berg, R. Esposito, A. Hartman, P. Yu, +1 Additional Author Jan 2019

Incidence Of Acute Kidney Injury In Patients With Chronic Renal Insufficiency: Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement, M. Catalano, D. Lin, H. Cassiere, N. Kohn, B. Rutkin, G. Maurer, J. A. Berg, R. Esposito, A. Hartman, P. Yu, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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A Fluorescent, [F-18]-Positron-Emitting Agent For Imaging Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Allows Genetic Reporting In Adoptively Transferred, Genetically Modified Cells, H. Guo, H. Kommidi, Y. Vedvyas, J. E. Mccloskey, W. Zhang, N. Chen, F. Nurili, A. P. Wu, H. B. Sayman, R. Ting, +4 Additional Authors Jan 2019

A Fluorescent, [F-18]-Positron-Emitting Agent For Imaging Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Allows Genetic Reporting In Adoptively Transferred, Genetically Modified Cells, H. Guo, H. Kommidi, Y. Vedvyas, J. E. Mccloskey, W. Zhang, N. Chen, F. Nurili, A. P. Wu, H. B. Sayman, R. Ting, +4 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Inhibition Of Hmgb1/Rage-Mediated Endocytosis By Hmgb1 Antagonist Box A, Anti-Hmgb1 Antibodies, And Cholinergic Agonists Suppresses Inflammation, H. Yang, H. Liu, Q. Zeng, G. H. Imperato, M. E. Addorisio, M. He, K. F. Cheng, Y. Al-Abed, S. S. Chavan, K. J. Tracey, +3 Additional Authors Jan 2019

Inhibition Of Hmgb1/Rage-Mediated Endocytosis By Hmgb1 Antagonist Box A, Anti-Hmgb1 Antibodies, And Cholinergic Agonists Suppresses Inflammation, H. Yang, H. Liu, Q. Zeng, G. H. Imperato, M. E. Addorisio, M. He, K. F. Cheng, Y. Al-Abed, S. S. Chavan, K. J. Tracey, +3 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Adaptive Design Of A Clinical Decision Support Tool: What The Impact On Utilization Rates Means For Future Cds Research, D. Mann, R. Hess, T. Mcginn, R. Mishuris, S. Chokshi, L. Mccullagh, P. D. Smith, J. Palmisano, S. Richardson, D. A. Feldstein Jan 2019

Adaptive Design Of A Clinical Decision Support Tool: What The Impact On Utilization Rates Means For Future Cds Research, D. Mann, R. Hess, T. Mcginn, R. Mishuris, S. Chokshi, L. Mccullagh, P. D. Smith, J. Palmisano, S. Richardson, D. A. Feldstein

Journal Articles

© The Author(s) 2019. OBJECTIVE: We employed an agile, user-centered approach to the design of a clinical decision support tool in our prior integrated clinical prediction rule study, which achieved high adoption rates. To understand if applying this user-centered process to adapt clinical decision support tools is effective in improving the use of clinical prediction rules, we examined utilization rates of a clinical decision support tool adapted from the original integrated clinical prediction rule study tool to determine if applying this user-centered process to design yields enhanced utilization rates similar to the integrated clinical prediction rule study. MATERIALS & METHODS: …

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Extracellular Cold Inducible Rna-Binding Protein Mediates Binge Alcohol-Induced Brain Hypoactivity And Impaired Cognition In Mice, A. Jacob, Y. Ma, E. Nasiri, M. Ochani, J. Carrion, S. Peng, M. Brenner, P. T. Huerta, P. Wang Jan 2019

Extracellular Cold Inducible Rna-Binding Protein Mediates Binge Alcohol-Induced Brain Hypoactivity And Impaired Cognition In Mice, A. Jacob, Y. Ma, E. Nasiri, M. Ochani, J. Carrion, S. Peng, M. Brenner, P. T. Huerta, P. Wang

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Neurogenesis In Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role Of Mfg-E8, C. Cheyuo, M. Aziz, P. Wang Jan 2019

Neurogenesis In Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role Of Mfg-E8, C. Cheyuo, M. Aziz, P. Wang

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Determinant Roles Of Dendritic Cell-Expressed Notch Delta-Like And Jagged Ligands On Anti-Tumor T Cell Immunity, Elena E. Tchekneva, Mounika U.L. Goruganthu, Roman V. Uzhachenko, Portia L. Thomas, Anneliese Antonucci, Irina Chekneva, Michael Koenig, Longzhu Piao, Anwari Akhter, Maria Teresa P. De Anquino, Parvathi Ranganathan, Nicholas Long, Thomas Magliery, Anna Valujskikh, Jason V. Evans, Rajeswara R. Arasada, Pierre P. Massion, David P. Carbone, Anil Shanker, Mikhail M. Dikov Jan 2019

Determinant Roles Of Dendritic Cell-Expressed Notch Delta-Like And Jagged Ligands On Anti-Tumor T Cell Immunity, Elena E. Tchekneva, Mounika U.L. Goruganthu, Roman V. Uzhachenko, Portia L. Thomas, Anneliese Antonucci, Irina Chekneva, Michael Koenig, Longzhu Piao, Anwari Akhter, Maria Teresa P. De Anquino, Parvathi Ranganathan, Nicholas Long, Thomas Magliery, Anna Valujskikh, Jason V. Evans, Rajeswara R. Arasada, Pierre P. Massion, David P. Carbone, Anil Shanker, Mikhail M. Dikov

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Notch intercellular communication instructs tissue-specific T-cell development and function. In this study, we explored the roles of dendritic cell (DC)-expressed Notch ligands in the regulation of T-cell effector function. Methods: We generated mice with CD11c lineage-specific deletion of Notch Delta-like ligand (Dll)1 and Jagged (Jag)2. Using these genetically-ablated mice and engineered pharmacological Notch ligand constructs, the roles of various Delta-like and Jagged ligands in the regulation of T-cell-mediated immunity were investigated. We assessed tumor growth, mouse survival, cytokine production, immunophenotyping of myeloid and lymphoid populations infiltrating the tumors, expression of checkpoint molecules and T-cell function in the experimental settings …

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Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Apocynin On Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Mouse Colitis Model, Y. J. Hwang, S. J. Nam, W. Chun, S. I. Kim, S. C. Park, C. D. Kang, S. J. Lee Jan 2019

Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Apocynin On Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Mouse Colitis Model, Y. J. Hwang, S. J. Nam, W. Chun, S. I. Kim, S. C. Park, C. D. Kang, S. J. Lee

Journal Articles

© 2019 Hwang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Background and aim Various drugs have been developed for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but still there are limitations in the treatment due to the insufficient responses and significant adverse effects of immunosuppressant. Apocynin is an NADPH-oxidase inhibitor with established safety profiles. We aimed to investigate the protective efficacy of apocynin in IBD using chemicalinduced mouse colitis model. Method We induced experimental …

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Imi – Defining And Classifying Myopia: A Proposed Set Of Standards For Clinical And Epidemiologic Studies, D. I. Flitcroft, M. He, J. B. Jonas, M. Jong, K. Naidoo, K. Ohno-Matsui, J. Rahi, S. Resnikoff, S. Vitale, L. Yannuzzi Jan 2019

Imi – Defining And Classifying Myopia: A Proposed Set Of Standards For Clinical And Epidemiologic Studies, D. I. Flitcroft, M. He, J. B. Jonas, M. Jong, K. Naidoo, K. Ohno-Matsui, J. Rahi, S. Resnikoff, S. Vitale, L. Yannuzzi

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Authors. PURPOSE. We provide a standardized set of terminology, definitions, and thresholds of myopia and its main ocular complications. METHODS. Critical review of current terminology and choice of myopia thresholds was done to ensure that the proposed standards are appropriate for clinical research purposes, relevant to the underlying biology of myopia, acceptable to researchers in the field, and useful for developing health policy. RESULTS. We recommend that the many descriptive terms of myopia be consolidated into the following descriptive categories: myopia, secondary myopia, axial myopia, and refractive myopia. To provide a framework for research into myopia prevention, …

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Effect Of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy On Wound Complications Post-Pancreatectomy, M. P. Kuncewitch, A. U. Blackham, C. J. Clark, R. M. Dodson, G. B. Russell, E. A. Levine, P. Shen Jan 2019

Effect Of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy On Wound Complications Post-Pancreatectomy, M. P. Kuncewitch, A. U. Blackham, C. J. Clark, R. M. Dodson, G. B. Russell, E. A. Levine, P. Shen

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Recent Advances In Personalizing Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation, C. E. Kuschner, L. B. Becker Jan 2019

Recent Advances In Personalizing Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation, C. E. Kuschner, L. B. Becker

Journal Articles

© 2019 Kuschner CE and Becker LB. Cardiac arrest remains a significant cause of death and disability throughout the world. However, as our understanding of cardiac arrest and resuscitation physiology has developed, new technologies are fundamentally altering our potential to improve survival and neurologic sequela. Some advances are relatively simple, requiring only alterations in current basic life support measures or integration with pre-hospital organization, whereas others, such as extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation, require significant time and resource investments. When combined with consistent rescuer and patient-physiologic monitoring, these innovations allow an unprecedented capacity to personalize cardiac arrest resuscitation to patient-specific pathophysiology. However, …

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Sexual Dimorphism Of Gut Microbiota Dictates Therapeutics Efficacy Of Radiation Injuries, M. Cui, H. Xiao, Y. Li, S. Zhang, J. Dong, B. Wang, C. Zhu, M. Jiang, H. Wang, S. Fan, +2 Additional Authors Jan 2019

Sexual Dimorphism Of Gut Microbiota Dictates Therapeutics Efficacy Of Radiation Injuries, M. Cui, H. Xiao, Y. Li, S. Zhang, J. Dong, B. Wang, C. Zhu, M. Jiang, H. Wang, S. Fan, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim Accidental or iatrogenic ionizing radiation exposure precipitates acute and chronic radiation injuries. The traditional paradigm of mitigating radiotherapy-associated adverse side effects has ignored the gender-specific dimorphism of patients' divergent responses. Here, the effects of sexual dimorphism on curative efficiencies of therapeutic agents is examined in murine models of irradiation injury. Oral gavage of simvastatin ameliorates radiation-induced hematopoietic injury and gastrointestinal tract dysfunction in male mice, but adversely deteriorates these radiation syndromes in female animals. In a sharp contrast, feeding animals with high-fat diet (HFD) elicites explicitly contrary …

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Probabilistic Modeling Of Personalized Drug Combinations From Integrated Chemical Screen And Molecular Data In Sarcoma, N. E. Berlow, R. Rikhi, M. Geltzeiler, J. Abraham, M. N. Svalina, L. E. Davis, E. Wise, M. Mancini, R. G. Maki, C. Keller, +19 Additional Authors Jan 2019

Probabilistic Modeling Of Personalized Drug Combinations From Integrated Chemical Screen And Molecular Data In Sarcoma, N. E. Berlow, R. Rikhi, M. Geltzeiler, J. Abraham, M. N. Svalina, L. E. Davis, E. Wise, M. Mancini, R. G. Maki, C. Keller, +19 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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5-0 Polypropylene Versus 5-0 Fast Absorbing Plain Gut For Cutaneous Wound Closure: A Randomized Evaluator Blind Trial, D. B. Eisen, A. R. Zhuang, A. Hasan, V. R. Sharon, H. Bang, M. K. Crispin Jan 2019

5-0 Polypropylene Versus 5-0 Fast Absorbing Plain Gut For Cutaneous Wound Closure: A Randomized Evaluator Blind Trial, D. B. Eisen, A. R. Zhuang, A. Hasan, V. R. Sharon, H. Bang, M. K. Crispin

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Cholinergic Control Of Inflammation, Metabolic Dysfunction, And Cognitive Impairment In Obesity-Associated Disorders: Mechanisms And Novel Therapeutic Opportunities, E. H. Chang, S. S. Chavan, V. A. Pavlovh Jan 2019

Cholinergic Control Of Inflammation, Metabolic Dysfunction, And Cognitive Impairment In Obesity-Associated Disorders: Mechanisms And Novel Therapeutic Opportunities, E. H. Chang, S. S. Chavan, V. A. Pavlovh

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Altered Dynamics Of Visual Contextual Interactions In Parkinson's Disease., M. I. Vanegas, A. Blangero, J. E. Galvin, A. Di Rocco, A. Quartarone, M. F. Ghilardi, S. P. Kelly Jan 2019

Altered Dynamics Of Visual Contextual Interactions In Parkinson's Disease., M. I. Vanegas, A. Blangero, J. E. Galvin, A. Di Rocco, A. Quartarone, M. F. Ghilardi, S. P. Kelly

Journal Articles

Over the last decades, psychophysical and electrophysiological studies in patients and animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD), have consistently revealed a number of visual abnormalities. In particular, specific alterations of contrast sensitivity curves, electroretinogram (ERG), and visual-evoked potentials (VEP), have been attributed to dopaminergic retinal depletion. However, fundamental mechanisms of cortical visual processing, such as normalization or "gain control" computations, have not yet been examined in PD patients. Here, we measured electrophysiological indices of gain control in both space (surround suppression) and time (sensory adaptation) in PD patients based on steady-state VEP (ssVEP). Compared with controls, patients exhibited a significantly …

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Deep Brain Stimulation: Current Challenges And Future Directions, A. M. Lozano, N. Lipsman, H. Bergman, P. Brown, S. Chabardes, J. W. Chang, K. Matthews, C. C. Mcintyre, M. Schulder, J. K. Krauss, +3 Additional Authors Jan 2019

Deep Brain Stimulation: Current Challenges And Future Directions, A. M. Lozano, N. Lipsman, H. Bergman, P. Brown, S. Chabardes, J. W. Chang, K. Matthews, C. C. Mcintyre, M. Schulder, J. K. Krauss, +3 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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An Effective Method For Acute Vagus Nerve Stimulation In Experimental Inflammation, A. S. Caravaca, A. L. Gallina, L. Tarnawski, K. J. Tracey, V. A. Pavlov, Y. A. Levine, P. S. Olofsson Jan 2019

An Effective Method For Acute Vagus Nerve Stimulation In Experimental Inflammation, A. S. Caravaca, A. L. Gallina, L. Tarnawski, K. J. Tracey, V. A. Pavlov, Y. A. Levine, P. S. Olofsson

Journal Articles

© 2019 Caravaca, Gallina, Tarnawski, Tracey, Pavlov, Levine and Olofsson. Neural reflexes regulate inflammation and electrical activation of the vagus nerve reduces inflammation in models of inflammatory disease. These discoveries have generated an increasing interest in targeted neurostimulation as treatment for chronic inflammatory diseases. Data from the first clinical trials that use vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s disease suggest that there is a therapeutic potential of electrical VNS in diseases characterized by excessive inflammation. Accordingly, there is an interest to further explore the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of electrical VNS in a range …

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Neurogenesis In Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role Of Mfg-E8, Cletus Cheyuo, Monowar Aziz, Ping Wang Jan 2019

Neurogenesis In Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role Of Mfg-E8, Cletus Cheyuo, Monowar Aziz, Ping Wang

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Neurodegenerative diseases are devastating medical conditions with no effective treatments. Restoration of impaired neurogenesis represents a promising therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor VIII (MFG-E8) is a secretory glycoprotein that plays a wide range of cellular functions including phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, anti-inflammation, tissue regeneration, and homeostasis. The beneficial role of MFG-E8 has been shown in cerebral ischemia (stroke), neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, and traumatic brain injury. In stroke, MFG-E8 promotes neural stem cell proliferation and their migration toward the ischemic brain tissues. These novel functions of MFG-E8 are primarily mediated …

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Melanoma Research Insights: Impact, Trends, Opportunities, Elsevier Analytical Services Jan 2019

Melanoma Research Insights: Impact, Trends, Opportunities, Elsevier Analytical Services

Public Reports

Melanoma is a type of cancer that occurs when the skin cells that produce melanin become malignant. This report examines the landscape of melanoma research using Scopus, a source-neutral abstract and citation database, curated by independent subject matter experts.

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