Digital Commons Network^™

Inflammation- And Resolution-Programmed Myeloid Circuits Govern Therapeutic Resistance In Epithelial And Mesenchymal Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Liqun Yu, Charlotte Rivas, Fengshuo Liu, Yichao Shen, Ling Wu, Zhan Xu, Yunfeng Ding, Xiaoxin Hao, Weijie Zhang, Hilda L Chan, Jun Liu, Bo Wei, Yang Gao, Luis Becerra-Dominguez, Yi-Hsuan Wu, Siyue Wang, Tobie D Lee, Xuan Li, Xiang Chen, David G Edwards, Xiang H-F Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Single-cell analysis of human triple-negative breast cancer revealed heterogeneous macrophage populations with opposing phenotypes - proinflammatory and proresolution of inflammation. Paradoxically, both subsets accumulated in therapy-refractory residual tumors but showed inverse correlations across patients, suggesting mutually exclusive resistance mechanisms. Inflammatory macrophages localized preferentially to epithelial-like tumors, whereas proresolution macrophages were enriched in mesenchymal-like tumors. Mouse models faithfully recapitulated these patterns. After chemoimmunotherapy, mesenchymal-like tumors expanded proresolution macrophages through phagocytosis/efferocytosis, ω-3 fatty acid uptake, and resolvin production. Macrophage-secreted C1q emerged as a principal antagonist of T cell function by targeting mitochondria and inducing metabolic dysfunction. By contrast, epithelial-like tumors accumulated inflammatory …

Spontaneous Blood Oxygen Level Dependent Signals In Glioblastoma-Bearing And Aging Brains, Ki Yun Park

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Brain activity fluctuates across timescales from microseconds to decades, reflecting processes ranging from rapid synaptic transmission to slow neuromodulatory and homeostatic changes. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) captures the slow end of this spectrum (spontaneous blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) fluctuations over tens to hundreds of seconds), which reflect the integrated output of these underlying processes and are increasingly recognized as sensitive to both pathological and physiological brain states. The core of this thesis examines rs-fMRI as a biomarker for two clinical entities: glioblastoma and aging. Reliable biomarker development requires both methodological rigor and analytic breadth, knowing what the method …

To Seize Or Not To Seize? That Is The (Epigenetic) Question, Corey St Romain, Jeannie Chin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Tremor Modulation: A Systematic Review Of Resetting By Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ​, Handan Uzunçakmak Uyanik, Çağri Mesut Temuçi̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Tremor arises from mechanical, reflex, or central oscillatory mechanisms. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can transiently perturb ongoing tremor and enables the quantitative assessment of phase resetting, offering circuit-level insight into tremor types. Although numerous studies have applied TMS-induced resetting, the findings have not been systematically reviewed. This study systematically reviews human studies evaluating TMS-induced tremor resetting across tremor types.

Materials and methods: A systematic search of PubMed and Google Scholar identified human studies using TMS to perturb tremor or rhythmic movement. Search terms included “tremor resetting,” “resetting of tremor,” “tremor phase shift,” “tremor phase reset,” “transcranial magnetic stimulation,” and …

Comparative Efficacy Of Repetitive Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation And Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation In Upper Trapezius Myofascial Pain Syndrome ​, Shahri̇yar Kalbi̇yev, Şehi̇m Kutlay, Ati̇lla Hali̇l Elhan, Yeşi̇m Kurtai̇ş Aytür, Aysun Genç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: In this prospective, randomized, single-blind study, the effects of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on pain intensity, functional status, and tissue elasticity were evaluated in patients with upper trapezius myofascial pain syndrome (MPS).

Materials and methods: A total of 75 female patients were randomly allocated to three groups: rPMS, TENS, and sham rPMS. All participants were provided with an exercise program consisting of cervical range-of-motion (ROM), stretching, and strengthening exercises. Outcome measures included pain intensity assessed using the visual analog scale, pressure pain threshold (PPT), the Neck Disability Index, cervical ROM, SF-36 subscale …

Res-Mnd: Motor Neuron Disease Detection Using Res4net–Convolutional Block Attention Module ​, Shuriya Balusamy, Rakesh Sivalingam, Shobana Rooben, Sony Helen

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Motor neuron diseases (MNDs) are progressive neurological disorders that cause muscle weakness and wasting as a result of ongoing neurodegeneration. MNDs require comprehensive diagnostic approaches that integrate clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, and multimodal imaging data.

Materials and methods: In this study, a novel residual network for motor neuron disease detection (RES-MND) framework is proposed for detecting MNDs using multimodal imaging data. Initially, the input multimodal images, including MRI, CT, PET, and DTI, are preprocessed using adaptive dynamic histogram equalization and the total variation bilateral filter. The preprocessed multimodal images are processed through Res4Net-CBAM for feature extraction to enhance image …

Role Of Novel Renal Biomarkers In Prognosticating Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study, Raghavan Padmanabhan, Kaviya Manoharan, Melina Sahay, Pooja Bhujangarao, Luxitaa Goenka, Solai Priya, Kumaraswamy Subramaniyan, Damal Kandadai Sriram, Melvin George

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Several biomarkers have been assessed for the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, limited data are available regarding their ability to predict mortality in CKD. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of lipocalin-2, receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), osteopontin, and trefoil factor 3 (TFF-3) in predicting the prognosis of patients with CKD.

Materials and methods: We included patients with CKD as defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 of either sex who were above the age of 18 years. Patients with a history of acute-on-chronic kidney disease were excluded. The novel markers of interest were estimated from patients’ plasma samples using the multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These patients were followed for 1 year to assess mortality.

Results: The median (with interquartile range) plasma concentrations of lipocalin-2, RAGE, TIMP-1, osteopontin, and TFF-3 were 56.9 …

The Importance Of Early Intraoperative Ultrasonography And The Relationship Between Surgical Technique And Allograft Function In Patients With Compartment Syndrome Following Renal Transplantation Surgery ​, Burak Yağdiran, Emre Karakaya, Ravana Ahmadli̇, Adem Şafak, Yağmur Kurtuluş, Nedi̇m Çekmen, Meri̇ç Yavuz Çolak, Mehmet Haberal

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: In rare cases, patients undergoing renal transplantation (RT) may develop renal allograft compartment syndrome (RACS) if the renal volume is larger than the retroperitoneal space prepared in the iliac fossa. In such cases, the optimal treatment is early decompression surgery. The primary aim of the present descriptive and comparative study is not to identify the optimal surgical technique, but rather to evaluate the role of early Doppler ultrasonography (DUSG) in the recognition of renal allograft compartment syndrome and to assess outcomes following timely decompressive interventions.

Materials and methods: A total of 275 patients were examined retrospectively for the study, …

Retinal Microvascular And Neuroretinal Structural Changes In Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Assessed By Octa: A Comparative Study ​, Murat Erdağ, Tunahan Çalişkan, Hakan Yildirim, Tarik Kivrak, Mehmet Canleblebi̇ci̇, Ali̇ Dal, Mehmet Balbaba

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disorder with systemic vasculopathy, and noninvasive assessment remains challenging. The retina, sharing anatomical similarities with the cerebral microcirculation, is an accessible site for visualizing systemic vascular compromise. This study quantitatively evaluated retinal microvascular and neuroretinal structural changes in PAH patients compared to healthy controls using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Materials and methods: In this single-center, cross-sectional case-control study, 40 patients with group 1 PAH and 38 healthy controls were enrolled. For statistical independence, only the right eye of each participant was analyzed (total: 78 eyes). All participants underwent high-resolution OCTA imaging. …

A Model Based On Dynamic Hematologic Parameters To Predict Short Term Clinical Events In Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ​, Neryal Tahta, Sali̇h Gözmen, Sultan Okur Acar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment is frequently complicated by infections, emergency visits, and therapy interruptions, yet early prediction of short-term clinical deterioration remains challenging. Traditional prognostic markers rely on static laboratory values, whereas dynamic hematologic fluctuations may provide earlier warning signals. This study presents and internally validates a clinically applicable prediction model based on dynamic hematologic parameters and clinician-documented symptoms for predicting short-term (7-day) clinical events in children with ALL.

Materials and methods: Included in this retrospective study were 44 pediatric ALL patients treated with Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster-based protocols between January 2023 and June 2025. Weekly observation units were created by …

Association Between Superstition Levels On Sports-Specific Success Motivation In Active Athletes: A Study In Ankara Province ​, Canan Sayin Temur

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: When athletes perceive themselves as strong, they may seek to maintain their motivation through the control of random external factors. The present study examines the effect of superstitions on sports-specific success motivation among active athletes.

Materials and methods: The research population consisted of licensed athletes in the athletics branch, while the sample comprised licensed and active athletes based in Ankara. A total of 408 athletes participated in the research, including 201 women, and 207 men. The participants completed a three-part questionnaire consisting of a Personal Information Form, the Motivation in Sports Scale, and the Superstitious Beliefs and Behaviors in …

Sun-Macerated Hypericum Perforatum Oleates In Fixed Oils: Analytical Characterization And Comparative Wound-Healing Activity, Ci̇han Çapar, Esra Akkol, Ayli̇n Yaba, Ayhan Parmaksiz, Engi̇n Sümer, Erdem Yeşi̇lada

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Hypericum perforatum L. oleates prepared in fixed oils have long been used for wound management due to their anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and tissue-regenerative properties. The bioactivity of these oleates is mainly attributed to hypericin, hyperforin, and pseudohypericin. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the wound-healing potential of H. perforatum oleates prepared in different fixed oils, including Olea europaea L. (olive), Sesamum indicum L. (sesame), Helianthus annuus L. (sunflower), and Nigella sativa L. (black seed).Materials and methodsFixed oils were characterized by GC–MS, while oleuropein in olive oil and thymoquinone in black seed oil were quantified by HPLC, and sesamin and sesamol …

Biomechanical Analysis Of Skeletal Open Bite Treatment Methods: A Comparative Finite Element Study ​, Ömer Faruk Sari, Muhammed Hi̇lmi̇ Buyukcavus

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The biomechanical effects of zygomatic anchorage plates, vertical chin-caps, and occipital headgear on dentofacial structures in patients with skeletal anterior open bite malocclusion were compared using three-dimensional finite element analysis.

Materials and methods: Three-dimensional finite element models were constructed based on computed tomography data obtained from a patient with skeletal anterior open bite. Simulation models representing zygomatic anchorage-supported intrusion, vertical chin-cap, and occipital headgear were generated under fixed orthodontic conditions. In each scenario, a unilateral force of 200 g (1.96 N) was applied along clinically relevant force vectors. Stress distributions in craniofacial bones, sutural structures, teeth, roots, and temporomandibular …

Effects Of Colchicine On Sah-Induced Vascular Damage In An Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model ​, Emi̇ne Demi̇r, Cumaali̇ Demi̇rtaş, Cansu Sönmez, Eray Meti̇n Güler, Sarper Kocaoğlu, Hakan Beyaztaş, Eyüp Çeti̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe cerebrovascular condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Inflammation and oxidative stress play critical roles in its pathophysiology, especially in the development of secondary vascular damage. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of colchicine on vascular integrity and biochemical markers following SAH in an experimental rat model.

Materials and methods: Eighteen female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Control (no SAH), SAH (induced without treatment), and SAH + colchicine (received intraperitoneal colchicine at a dose of 1 mg/kg). SAH was induced by injecting autologous blood into the cisterna …

Red Cell Cryopreservation For Serologic Testing: Bulk Freezing With Polyvinylpyrrolidone (Pvp) ​, Di̇lek Gürlek Gökçebay, Willy Albert Flegel

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Red cell cryopreservation is essential for immunohematology reference laboratories. Various cryopreservation methods maintain the structural integrity of red cells, such as bulk freezing with glycerol and droplet freezing with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). In this paper, we provide a technical note with real-world data and report our experience with a modified PVP bulk-freezing method in a transfusion medicine setting.Materials and methods. Red cells were separated from whole blood samples and incubated for 1 h at room temperature with PVP with slow agitation or no agitation before freezing. Instead of using the established method of shock freezing droplets in liquid nitrogen, the …

Serum Phosphoproteome Alterations Associated With Cardiac Troponin I Levels In Acute Myocardial Infarction ​, Merve Öztuğ, Meltem Aşicioğlu, Konca Altinkaynak, Evren Kilinç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) triggers systemic biochemical responses, including dynamic changes in the phosphorylation status of circulating proteins. However, the phosphoproteomic profile of serum in the context of AMI remains insufficiently characterized. This study aimed to investigate serum phosphoproteomic alterations associated with AMI and to explore potential correlations with markers of cardiac injury.

Materials and methods: A comparative phosphoproteomic analysis was performed on serum samples obtained from eight patients with AMI and pooled healthy control samples. High-abundance serum proteins were depleted, and phosphopeptides were enriched using TiO2 phosphopeptide enrichment kit. Samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry using …

Prognostic Significance And Clinicopathological Associations Of Tumor Budding And Poorly Differentiated Clusters In Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinoma ​, Hani̇fe Seda Mavi̇li̇, Ömer Atmiş, Fatma Seher Pehli̇van, Fatma Sezen Çavdaroğlu Deveci̇, Ali̇ Riza Kandi̇loğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Tumor budding (TB) and poorly differentiated clusters (PDCs) are histopathological parameters that have been associated with poor prognosis in various malignancies, particularly colorectal carcinoma. Although numerous studies have demonstrated an association between the microcystic, elongated, and fragmented (MELF) pattern in endometrial carcinomas and lymphovascular invasion as well as lymph node metastasis, the literature regarding TB and PDCs in this context remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the potential associations of the MELF pattern, TB, and PDCs with overall survival, progression-free survival, and clinicopathological parameters in cases of endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC).

Materials and methods: A total of 190 …

Post-Exposure Prophylaxis For Hiv Among Healthcare Workers In Türkiye: A Descriptive, Multicenter Retrospective Study, Veysel Akca, İlkay Akbulut, Gül Ruhsar Yilmaz, Alper Tahmaz, Nefi̇se Öztoprak Çuvalci, İlknur Esen Yildiz, Mehmet Çabalak, Şeyma Topal, Özgür Günal, Bi̇rcan Kayaaslan, Fatma Eser, Tuba Damar Çakirca, Deni̇z Ölmez, Ali̇ye Baştuğ, Fi̇rdevs Aksoy, Hani̇fe Nur Karakoç Parlayan, Beyza Süllü, Damla Verendağ, Hatun Öztürk Çeri̇k, Mehmet Ali̇ Aşan, Ayhan Akbulut, Gülden Eser Karlidağ, Behi̇ce Kurtaran, Hüsnü Pullukçu, Turhan Togan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) plays a vital role in preventing transmission among healthcare workers following occupational exposure. Despite its clinical importance, epidemiological data regarding PEP implementation in Türkiye remain scarce. This study aimed to assess PEP practices, prophylactic treatment regimens, and follow-up outcomes among healthcare workers at risk of occupational HIV exposure.

Materials and methods: This retrospective, multicenter study was conducted between January 2020 and December 2024 across 16 healthcare facilities participating in the National HIV/AIDS Working Group. Healthcare workers aged 18 years and older who presented for evaluation following occupational exposure to HIV were …

Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Neuropharmacology: Reshaping Drug Discovery And Translational Strategies For Neurological Diseases ​, Pri̇yanka Rathee, Suni̇thi̇ Lohan, Sari̇ta Khatkar, Neelam Mali̇k, Esra Akkol, Renu Sehrawat, Pooja Rathee, Anurag Khatkar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The rapid expansion of data-driven technologies, particularly machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI), has substantially influenced biomedical research and drug discovery. In neuropharmacology, the availability of large-scale genomic, proteomic, chemical, and clinical datasets has stimulated the adoption of AI-based approaches to address persistent challenges in neurological drug development, including high attrition rates and the scarcity of disease-modifying therapies. Unlike prior reviews that broadly discuss AI applications in drug discovery or neurology, this narrative review focuses specifically on neuropharmacology, with an emphasis on translational relevance, disease-oriented examples, and real-world constraints. We critically examine the application of AI and ML across …

Impact Of Two Sedation Protocols On Cardiac Electrophysiology During Spinal Anesthesia ​, Selvi̇naz Durantaş, Burak Nalbant, Fatma Kavak Akelma, Gökhan Erdem, Abdulkadi̇r But

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Perioperative factors such as anesthetic drugs, central blocks, surgical stress, pain, and anxiety can affect cardiac electrophysiology and increase the risk of arrhythmias. Arrhythmia susceptibility can be assessed using ventricular markers such as the QT interval (QT), heart rate-corrected QT interval (QTc), QT dispersion (QTd), time between peak and end of T wave (Tp–e), cardiac electrophysiologic balance index (iCEB), and heart rate-corrected index of cardiac electrophysiologic balance (iCEBc), obtained from noninvasive electrocardiography (ECG) data. This study compared the effects of propofol and dexmedetomidine sedation on these parameters in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty performed under spinal anesthesia.

Materials and …

Analysis Of Calr-Mutated Essential Thrombocythemia As A Distinct Disease Entity Compared With Jak2 V617f-Mutated And Triple-Negative Patients ​, Gökhan Sami̇ Aydin, Eli̇f Aksoy, İpek Yönal Hi̇ndi̇lerden, Aynur Dağlar Aday, Emi̇ne Gültürk, Meli̇ha Nalçaci, Fehmi̇ Hi̇ndi̇lerden

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Calreticulin (CALR) mutations in essential thrombocythemia (ET) are associated with younger age, higher platelet counts, and lower thrombosis rates. The present study analyzes the demographic, laboratory, and clinical features of the CALR mutation and its prognostic impact.

Materials and methods: The clinical impact of CALR mutations was assessed in 391 ET patients.

Results: CALR-mutation patients were more commonly male than JAK2 V617F-positive and triple-negative patients. Age at diagnosis was similar across all groups, although patients with type 2 CALR mutations were younger than those with nontype 1/nontype 2 mutations. Compared with JAK2 V617F-positive patients, CALR-mutation patients had lower leukocyte …

Comprehensive Profiling Of Gut Microbiota In Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ​, Gülsemi̇n Ertürk Çeli̇k, Sedat Yildiz, Münevver Aksoy Bektaş, Yaprak Engi̇n-Üstün

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Osteoporosis is a multifactorial skeletal disease that predominantly affects postmenopausal women and is characterized by reduced bone mass and an increased risk of fractures. Growing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in bone metabolism through immunological, endocrine, and metabolic pathways, forming the basis of the so-called gut– bone axis. This study aimed to characterize gut microbiota composition in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis compared with healthy controls.

Materials and methods: Forty postmenopausal women aged 55–65 years were classified into osteoporosis (n = 20) and healthy control (n = 20) groups based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry T-scores. …

Asthma Data In Türkiye Between 2016 And 2022: A Nationwide Descriptive And Observational Study Covering The Entire Adult Population, Kurtuluş Aksu, Gürgün Tuğçe Vural Solak, Nai̇m Ata, Mustafa Hami̇dullah Türkkani, Mustafa Mahi̇r Ülgü, Şuayi̇p Bi̇ri̇nci̇, Funda Aksu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Determining the current burden of asthma in countries is important in the diagnosis and follow-up of asthma patients and for the development of national health policies. Our study aimed to clarify the epidemiological and clinical data regarding asthmatic adults in Türkiye.

Materials and methods: The study was designed as a nationwide descriptive, observational cross-sectional study. Data on adult patients who were followed with the diagnosis of asthma in all public, private, and university hospitals in Türkiye between January 2016 and December 2022 were obtained from the e-Nabız database of the Ministry of Health and analyzed.

Results: The number of …

Dapk2 Regulates Pkm2 Phosphorylation At Threonine 45 To Facilitate Disturbed Flow-Induced Atherosclerosis, Shuai Guo, Long Xu, Yixin Chen, Yuan Zhao, Yuting Zhang, Runfa Yu, Kaixiang Cao, Litao Wang, Wenjia Ai, Jiang-Yun Luo, Lu Lu, Jun He, Yuan Zhou, Li Wang, Andrew H Baker, Yuqing Huo, Yiming Xu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Oscillatory shear stress (OSS), resulting from disturbed blood flow, is implicated in atherosclerotic plaque formation by incompletely understood mechanisms. This study aims to elucidate the involvement of death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) 2 in OSS-induced endothelial cell (EC) activation and atherosclerosis.

Methods: Publicly available resources, including genome-wide microarray, RNA sequencing, and single-cell RNA sequencing, were utilized to identify key OSS-sensitive regulatory factors. Techniques such as mass spectrometry, immunoprecipitation, proximity ligation assay, and RNA sequencing were employed to identify pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) as the binding protein of DAPK2 and determine the specific site of PKM2 phosphorylation by DAPK2. To assess …

International Consensus On The Evaluation And Management Of Hypothalamic Hamartomas: Results From A Modified Delphi Survey, Nathan T Cohen, Xiaotong Li, Madison M Berl, Chima O Oluigbo, Hiroshi Shirozu, Samuel F Berkovic, Margaret Zacharin, Wirginia Maixner, Andreas Schulze-Bonhage, Kerstin Klotz, Nicola Specchio, Sarah Ferrand-Sorbets, Christine Bulteau, Alexis A Arzimanoglou, Jean Regis, J Helen Cross, Martin M Tisdall, Hanna Richardson, Arthur Cukiert, Cristine Cukiert, Julia Jacobs, Elizabeth J Donner, Phillip L Pearl, John F Kerrigan, Angus A Wilfong, Kevin C J Yuen, Dennis J Dlugos, Daniel Curry, Irfan Ali, John Ragheb, Lisa Soeby, Erica Webster, William D Gaillard

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background and objectives: Hypothalamic hamartomas (HH) are rare brain lesions associated with epilepsy and numerous comorbidities. Worldwide treatment is varied. There is a paucity of high-quality evidence to guide treatment. This study aimed to establish expert consensus on the evaluation and management of HH.

Methods: A modified Delphi survey was designed by the Medical Advisory Board of Hope for Hypothalamic Hamartomas and was conducted among 17 International League Against Epilepsy level II epilepsy surgery centers. The survey included 257 questions in round 1 and 81 refined questions in round 2, covering domains of diagnosis, imaging, medical and surgical treatment, neuropsychological …

"I Wasn't Broken": Addressing Stigma Associated With Dementia While Walking The Talk For Dementia, Kate Irving, Fernando Aguzzoli Peres, Walter D. Dawson, Jonathan Adrián Zegarra-Valdivia, Lingani Mbakile-Mahlanza, Sherril B. Gelmon

Institute on Aging Publications

INTRODUCTION:Walking the Talk for Dementia (WTD) convenes people from every continent and multiple perspectives, including people with lived experience, in a 40- km walk followed by a 2-day symposium. The aim is collective reflective dialogue about dementia stigma without the burden of professional hierarchies.

METHODS: Qualitative reflections during and immediately following the walk were analyzed using content analysis to identify common themes.

RESULTS: Three themes demonstrate an evolution of perspectives about dementia and stigma: “meeting the person not the label”, “a community in solidarity”, and “I wasn’t treated like I was broken, and I wasn’t broken.”

DISCUSSION: WTD created an …

Efficacy Of Glp-1 And Gip/Glp-1 Receptor Agonists On The Body Weight Management Of Obesity, Paige D. Timbrook

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

Obesity is a major epidemic across the United States, and weight loss through diet and physical activity alone is not sustainable. Treatment with tirzepatide and semaglutide have proven to be effective for obesity management in the short-term, but more research is needed to understand how certain types of medications impact weight loss over time. In this study, we recruited 42 adult participants with or without Type II diabetes who were 21 years and older, taking only one GLP-1 or GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist at a time, had a beginning body mass index of 30 or greater or a beginning body mass …

A Tv-Bm3d Iterative Algorithm For Vmat-Ct Reconstruction, Chia-Lung Chien, Beibei Guo, Rui Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Volumetric modulated arc therapy-computed tomography (VMAT-CT), which is the CT reconstructed using the portal images collected during VMAT, can potentially be an effective onsite imaging tool. The goal of this study was to propose an iterative reconstruction algorithm that can further improve the image quality of VMAT-CT and reduce the number of failed reconstructions. An iterative algorithm combining total variation (TV) with block-matching and 3D filtering (BM3D) was proposed, addressing the L1-L2 regularization problem using the split Bregman method. We collected portal images from 67 VMAT cases including 50 phantom and 17 real-patient cases. Both Feldkamp-Davis-Kress (FDK) and TV-BM3D iterative …

A Multidomain Peptide Hydrogel-Liposome Composite For Controlled Release Of A Cyclic Dinucleotide In Oral Cancer, Joseph W R Swain, Andrea H Molina, Gemalene M Sunga, Danielle Chew-Martinez, Neeraja Dharmaraj, Alejandra Cobos Perez, Arghadip Dey, Ephraim J Vázquez-Rosado, Simon Young, Jeffrey D Hartgerink

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

While immunotherapy is a promising treatment strategy for cancer, the majority of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients treated with single-agent immunotherapy do not respond. Therefore, researchers are investigating combination treatments with immunostimulatory molecules that can maximize anti-tumor responses. Cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) are STING agonists that hold promise in combination approaches, but they require frequent intratumoral administration when used in both preclinical models of HNSCC and clinical trials. To reduce administration frequency, we have created a peptide hydrogel–liposome composite system, K2-Lip(CDN), for local and prolonged availability of CDN. We investigated the loading limits of cationic liposomes in both …

A Machine-Learning-Based Tool For Stroke Risk Prediction In Blunt Cerebrovascular Injury: Development And Preliminary Evaluation, Victoria Wagner, Joshua D Preston, Alejandro De Leon Castro, William F Mueller, Jonathan Nguyen, Manuel Garcia-Toca, Elizabeth R Benjamin, S Rob Todd, Jason D Sciarretta

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Stroke risk correlates with the Biffl grading system in blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI). Although anti-thrombotic therapy is the mainstay of stroke prevention, no point-of-care clinical decision-support tool exists to guide timing for therapy. We sought to develop an interactive online calculator that incorporates patient-specific demographic and injury characteristics to estimate stroke risk and risk reduction with anti-thrombotic (AT) administration.

Methods: Data from BCVI patients (n = 1,197) at a Level I Trauma Center were retrospectively collected. Six machine learning methods were employed to predict stroke risk with and without AT therapy. Class imbalance was addressed using downsampling and/or class …