Digital Commons Network^™

Study The Effect Of Plasma Fibrinogen And Selected Biomarkers In Iraqi Patients With Coronary Artery Disease, Zainab Saad Salih, Ahmed Saadi Hassan, Haider Hafudh Humaish

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Coronary artery disease (CAD is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Increased plasma (p) fibrinogen levels are closely related to myocardial ischemia and acute coronary events. This study aimed to evaluate changes in fibrinogen and other biochemical parameters in CAD patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). The total of 120 individuals aged 23–86 years were separated into three groups: 40 patients with CAD and DM (G1), 40 patients with CAD without DM (G2), and 40 apparently healthy subjects serving as controls (G3). Levels of plasma fibrinogen were analyzed in all samples using a …

Importance Of 8-Ohdg And Mda In Assessing The Oxidative Stress Capacity In Iraqi Brain Tumor Patients, Riyam Hussein Mohammed, Ali Abdul Hussein Mahdi, Maha Diekan Abbas

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Brain cancer is a significant health problem, with a notable change in the oxidative stress and antioxidant levels. Malondialdehyde (MDA) may change the structure of the cell membrane and later may lead to alterations in DNA at the cellular level. The 8-OHdG levels are increased in multiple cancer tissues and may be considered an indicator of the prognosis of most solid tumors. This study aimed to find out the possible relation between the MDA and 8-OHdG, along with exploring the role of blood sugar and HbA1c in the progression of brain tumors. This case- control study includes 60 brain tumor …

Characterization And Antimicrobial Susceptibility Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates In Intensive Care Patients, Zahraa Dhaher Jabar, Faten Rashid Hameed, Raghad Hassan Hussein

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is recognized as major pathogen that associated with hospital acquired infections, especially in intensive care units. This study aimed to evaluate virulence traits and antibiotic resistance patterns of P. aeruginosa isolated from tracheal swabs of ICU patients.
Methodology: This study included 57 tracheal swabs obtained from the intensive care unit in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital from December 2025 to February 2026. Patients of both sexes, aged 5–78 years were included. Antibiotic susceptibility test, biofilm formation and motility tests were performed.
Results: After the final diagnosis, 15 samples were confirmed to P. aeruginosa. AST results reveled high resistance …

Circulating Caf22 As A Biomarker Of Sarcopenia And Its Association With Lipid Profile: A Case–Control Study In An Iraqi Population, Haneen Amer Awad, Walaa Esmael Jassim, Ahmed Abdul Hussein Mohsin

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: A progressive disorder associated with aging, marked by a reduction in skeletal muscle mass known Sarcopenia, strength, and physical performance. When combined with obesity, the condition referred to as sarcopenic obesity is associated with worse clinical and metabolic outcomes. Identifying reliable circulating biomarkers is essential for early detection and risk stratification.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of circulating C-terminal agrin fragment (CAF22) and its association with lipid profile parameters in patients with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity.
Methods: A case–control study was conducted in Baghdad, Iraq, including 118 participants (68 patients with sarcopenia and 50 healthy …

Assessment Of Serum Cytokeratin-18 And Aminotransferase Ratio As Indicators Of Progression Of Liver Fibrosis In Type 2 Diabetes Patients, Anfal Oudah Ali, Shatha Hamed Jwaid, Wajeeh Kachi Obead

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes mellitus are closely linked metabolic disorders related with worsening of liver injury and fibrosis. The current study aimed to asses' serum cytokeratin 18 and aminotransferase ratio as indicators of liver fibrosis progression in patients with T2DM and NAFLD. The study was conducted involving 180 participants aged range between (40–70) years old. The contributors were divided into four groups. Auto Chemistry Analyzer Cobas C311 was used to measure serum AST, ALT, ALP, FBS. Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum CK18 and insulin. AST/ALT ratio was calculated mathematically. A significant difference …

Methotrexate Adherence In Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Using The Cqr-19 Scale And Its Relationship With Behavioral Factors At Marjan Teaching Hospital, Fatima Abbas Abed, Ali Hussein Al-Hafidh, Adnan Hussein Mahmoud

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Methotrexate (MTX) and other disease-modifying antirheumatic medications are necessary for the long-term management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic autoimmune illness. Nonetheless, a significant obstacle in the treatment of RA continues to be non-adherence to MTX. Comprehending the behavioral elements linked to adherence could potentially enhance therapy results.
Objective: To assess MTX adherence using the CQR-19 and examine its association with behavioral factors among RA patients at Marjan Teaching Hospital.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Rheumatology Unit of Marjan Teaching Hospital, Babylon, Iraq, from December 18, 2025, to April 18, 2026. A total of 220 RA …

Ai-Driven Arabic Linguistics For Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review And Conceptual Framework, Jamal K. Abbas, Israa Abed Jawad, Qamar Ali Abdulridha, Haytham Falih Hassan, Dena Qusay Alrawi, Ula Kamal Abdulkadir, Amal Hassan J. Al-Bazzaz, Riyam Zaid Alameri

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

ASD is a complicated neurodevelopmental condition where diagnosis and intervention still depend on subjective behavioral observation. These challenges, however, are greater in Arabic-speaking contexts with scant, standardized diagnostic tools, limited linguistic resources, and a broad application of AI solutions developed primarily for English language data. This paper implements a systematic review of a conceptual framework that uses computational linguistics, NLP, and AI to support ASD early screening and speech-language intervention within the Arabic-speaking population. Rather than reporting empirical findings, the paper synthesizes recent peer-reviewed literature to identify linguistically-anchored ASD-related markers suitable for computational analysis, encompassing echolalia, atypical pronoun usage, pragmatic …

Oxidative Stress And Recurrent Miscarriage: Exploring The Underlying Mechanisms, Hawraa Hazim, Alaa Al-Qaisi, Muataz Ali

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Despite a significant number of anatomical, genetic and chromosomal studies, the problem of recurrent miscarriage (RM) is still one of the challenges in reproductive medicine, as in almost 50% of the cases no clear cause is found. These are unexplained cases that are frequently called idiopathic RM and indicate that there might be an underlying molecular and biochemical mechanism that is not routinely checked during clinical practice. This review focuses on the key role of oxidative stress and redox imbalance in the pathogenesis of idiopathic RM. A special focus is placed on mitochondrial dysfunction, which results in increased electron leakage …

Evaluation Of Maternal Health Awareness And Its Influence On Child Vaccination Coverage In Rural Areas, Enass Razzaq Hamza

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Purpose: The objective of the study was to measure maternal health awareness and its effects on the coverage of child vaccination among rural Al-Mada’in district mothers in Iraq.

Design: A cross-sectional study with a community-based design was employed.

Subject: A total of 400 mothers aged 18 to 45 years with at least one child under five years of age participated in the study.

Setting: Rural areas of Al-Mada’in district, southeastern Baghdad, Iraq.

Measures: Structured interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect data on maternal awareness of nutrition, hygiene, antenatal care and immunization. Check Vaccinations cards of 392 children (98.0 percent) were …

A Cross-Sectional Study On Nutritional Knowledge And Its Association With Obesity Among Secondary School Students In Baghdad, Fatema Aouda Abbas

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Obesity has become a developing social health issue among teenagers in Iraq especially in secondary school students.
Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the level of overweight and obesity and to investigate the correlation between the knowledge of students about nutrition and their body mass index (BMI). Our hypothesis was that the lesser the nutritional knowledge, the more likely it was to be overweight or obese.
Methods: This study utilized a cross-sectional analytical survey study on 596 secondary school students with the ages of 1518 years in Baghdad, Iraq (response rate: 93.7%). A valid and reliable …

Assessment Of Nurses' Knowledge, Attitudes And Practice Toward Breast Self-Examination In Al-Najaf City Hospitals, Aseel Shalaan Kareem, Iman Qasim Kteo Al-Hussein, Zainab Neamat Jumaah

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

One of the main causes of mortality for women worldwide is breast cancer. Therefore, it is essential to enhance awareness and information about breast cancer and breast cancer screening in order to diagnose the disease early. The study aimed to assess nurses' knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding breast self-examination before implementing nurse led educational program. A descriptive cross-sectional design was conduct among nurses works in hospitals, the data were collected by A systematic questionnaire including sociodemographic characteristics and three domains to assessing Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice related to BSE. Descriptive statistical analysis used to summarize the findings. The finding showed …

Formulation And Evaluation Of Transdermal Delivery Of Naproxen Gel, Ferial Majed Mahdi, Hiba Ezzat Hamed, Aws Saffar, Salah Hassan, Safa Hashim Waheb

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

This study aimed to formulate and evaluate transdermal gels containing the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug naproxen, using different polymers including Carbopol 934P, HPMC K4M and sodium CMC as gelling agents. Twelve formulations (F1 to F12) were prepared and subjected to physicochemical evaluation; FTIR results confirmed complete chemical compatibility between the drug and excipients and the pH of all samples (in the range of 5.80 to 6.55) was found to be favorable for skin safety. Increasing the polymer concentration increased the viscosity of the gels and directly controlled the drug release rate in in vitro tests. Formulation F4 (Carbopol 2.0%) was selected …

Multidrug Resistance And Antibiotic Susceptibility Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa And Staphylococcus Aureus In Burn Wound Infections In Iraq, Sama Fakhri Ali, Muataz Mohammed Al-Taee

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Burn wound infections are a significant cause of morbidity, extended hospital stays, and death, especially in resource-constrained environments. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) organism colonization and infection of burn patients are predisposed by the compromised skin barrier, immune dysregulation, and the frequent exposure to invasive procedures. The most frequently reported of these are Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, which have significant therapeutic implications.
Objective: The aim of this study was to thoroughly analyze the patterns of antibiotic susceptibility, identify the prevalence of multidrug resistance, and measure epidemiological risk using Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) index in P. aeruginosa and S. aureus isolates …

Comparison Of Ultrasound Versus Computed Tomography For The Detection Of Kidney Stones, Hind Moafak Abduljabbar

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Introduction: Renal stones continue to be a fairly frequent issue, impacting roughly 10% of the population at some time in their lives. It seems that during the past few decades, the occurrence of renal stones has grown; at least partially, this can be attributed to an increase in obesity levels and dietary changes.
Objective: Comparison between the computed tomography & ultrasound for the diagnosis and for evaluating the location & size of the kidney stones.
Patient and Methods: Included 75 patients with renal stones. The male and female patient's age range was (18–87 years). Patients have been referred for CT …

Comprehensive Prediction Analysis Of Novel Noncoding Regulatory Variants Identified In The Microrna Binding Regions In Complement System Genes, Anthony Shadid, Haydn E Rich, Kathryn D Hok, Marie-Francoise Doursout, Marcos I Restrepo, Nirmal K Banda, Lavanya Gunamalai, Pooja Shivshankar

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

The complement system is a central component of innate immunity that coordinates host defense, immune surveillance, and inflammatory responses through tightly regulated proteolytic cascades. Genetic variation within complement genes contributes substantially to interindividual differences in complement activity and disease susceptibility. While coding variants directly alter complement protein structure and function, the microRNA (miRNA)-mediated control and post-transcriptional regulation is not fully understood in shaping complement gene expression across immune and inflammatory mechanisms. Complement pathway genes exhibit extensive and heterogeneous 3'-untranslated regions (3'UTRs), which serve as primary platforms for miRNA binding and RNA-binding protein interactions. Both common and rare single-nucleotide polymorphisms within …

Endophytic Actinobacteria: Deciphering Therapeutic And Industrial Potential, And Prospects Of Genome Mining In Novel Products Discovery, Yusra Waheed, Rabia Shahdin, Imran Sajid

Journal of Bioresource Management

Endophytic actinobacteria are a diverse group of Gram-positive bacteria with high G+C content, which inhabit plants’ internal tissues, and represent a significant yet underexplored reservoir of bioactive secondary metabolites. In host plants, a remarkable repertoire of metabolites, including broad-spectrum antibiotics, anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory compounds, is synthesized by these microbial allies, carrying significant medicinal and agricultural potential. These endophytes, in contrast to their soil relatives, have developed unique biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) strongly influenced by plant-associated factors, leading to the production of structurally novel metabolites. In recent years, the advances in genome mining, metagenomics, and metabolomics have accelerated …

Chemotherapeutic Induction Of Cytosolic Single-Stranded Dna Accumulation Sensitizes Triple-Negative Breast Cancer To Immunotherapy, Yong Du, Li Yang, Hui Dai, Jianli Zhou, Zhicheng Zhou, Ruoxi Yuan, Rui Ye, Anh Thai Quynh Nguyen, Kishor Bhatia, Shiaw-Yih Lin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Despite the widespread adoption of chemoimmunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the mechanisms by which cytotoxic chemotherapy engages antitumor immunity remain poorly defined. Identifying tumor-intrinsic immunogenic programs that predict and enhance responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is therefore of critical clinical importance.

Methods: Transcriptomic signatures of TREX1 deficiency were generated from CRISPR-engineered TNBC models and applied to multiple independent TNBC cohorts treated with chemoimmunotherapy. Cytosolic single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) accumulation was quantified using a flow cytometry-based assay to functionally screen chemotherapeutic agents. Immune activation and therapeutic efficacy were evaluated using in vitro assays, syngeneic mouse tumor models, flow cytometry, …

Letter To The Editor: Hemodynamic Role In Hepatic Encephalopathy Pathogenesis Following Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Placement, John Halphen, Yash S Dayal, Cameron Laurie, Mohadese Ahmadzade, David Wynne, Mohammad Ghasemi-Rad

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common complication following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement and is thought to result from reduced hepatic detoxification of neurotoxins. However, Zhuang et al in the World Journal of Radiology demonstrate that this understanding may be incomplete through exploration of the pathophysiology from a hemodynamic perspective. They found significant changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and spontaneous brain activity following TIPS. Initially, CBF increased in specific areas within the first month, followed by a return to baseline at three months. These CBF changes coincided with increased spontaneous brain activity that persisted in some areas, suggesting …

Surviving Sepsis 2026: Key Updates, Amanda Rawa, Katherine Ghattas

Transformative Medicine

The 2026 update to the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines introduces several important changes in the management of sepsis and septic shock, with a greater focus on tailoring treatment to individual patients. Notable updates include lower blood pressure targets for older adults with septic shock, continued support for early fluid resuscitation, the selective use of rapid diagnostic testing to guide antibiotic therapy, and increased flexibility in vasopressor selection for patients with cardiac dysfunction. These recommendations are based on emerging evidence aimed at improving patient outcomes while reducing unnecessary interventions and treatment-related complications. Overall, the updated guidelines reinforce a more personalized approach …

Patient Activation Measures Among Individuals With Epilepsy: A Cross-Sectional Study Of An Arabic-Speaking Population, Ghada M. Abbas, Abeer A. Khoja, Haythum O. Tayeb, Nagham S. Alsolaimani, Ibrahim M. Aldurayhim, Saher F. Alqarni

Neurosciences

Objectives: To examine patient activation levels among Arabic-speaking adults with epilepsy and to explore their associations with selected clinical and sociodemographic variables.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 109 adult patients with confirmed epilepsy between December 2023 and October 2025. Data were collected during outpatient clinic visits, with additional information obtained through telephone contact when necessary. A sample size estimate indicated that at least 96 participants were required to achieve 80% statistical power. Patient activation was assessed using the validated Arabic version of the 13-item Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13). The variables examined included seizure type, medication regimen (monotherapy versus …

Antiseizure Drug Adherence In Pediatric Patients With Epilepsy And The Associated Factors In Saudi Arabia, Ola A Shawky, Shaima A Althoubaiti, Reham M Alkahtani, Amirah S Alharthi

Neurosciences

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of adherence to antiseizure medications and related factors in Saudi Arabia. Pediatric epilepsy presents significant challenges to the well-being and quality of life of children. Adherence to antiseizure medication is associated with better outcomes.

Methods: This study was carried out using a cross-sectional methodology to determine the prevalence of antiseizure medication adherence among children with epilepsy aged ≤ 17 years in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected between July and September 2024 via an online self-administered questionnaire, using convenience sampling through social platforms (Telegram and WhatsApp). Medication adherence was assessed using the MMAS-8 and categorized as …

Cerebrovascular And Bleeding Outcomes Of Warfarin Versus Direct Oral Anticoagulants Therapy For Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Abeer A. Alomairi, Rana Alduhaysh, Alaa Samandar, Abeer Alshehri, Ghada Alabdullah, Saud Almutairi, Faisal Althekair

Neurosciences

Objectives: To compare the effects on cerebral health in atrial fibrillation patients receiving either warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Atrial fibrillation is linked to a higher likelihood of both stroke and cognitive impairment. While warfarin has historically served as the leading anticoagulant treatment, DOACs are now more frequently viewed as alternatives with an improved safety profile.

Methods: The methodology involved an extensive search of multiple databases, completed up to June 2024. This search yielded randomized controlled trials, which together enrolled over 60,000 participants between the ages of 70 and 84. The DOACs studied were dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban, …

A Systematic Comparative Review Of Antipsychotic Efficacy And Safety In The Treatment Of Hiccups, Omar Alshargi, Samah Alzaid, Zainab Albahouth, Muradi Hassan Albanji, Hala Makki, Rawan. F. Alboqami, Maram Al Shammari, Huda Alruwaili, Fawaz Alruwaili, Rahmah Ali Algarni, Omar Ibrahim Albahouth

Neurosciences

Objective: To evaluate and compare the safety and effectiveness of antipsychotic medications for the treatment of hiccups, thereby guiding clinicians toward evidence-based treatment guidelines. Hiccups are often benign and self-limiting; however, they can become persistent and intractable, adversely affecting the quality of life. Antipsychotics have been identified as a therapeutic option for the management of hiccups; however, the available evidence supporting their safety and efficacy has not been synthesized.

Methods: This review utilized the revised Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool was modified to evaluate the quality of the …

Subliminal Priming Effects On Motor And Cognitive Performance: Pilot Evidence With Implications For Neurorehabilitation, Rehab E Aljuhni, Ghader A Alqadhi, Saud A Alhassan, Sultan A Alanazi

Neurosciences

Objective: To investigate whether subliminal priming modalities (visual, auditory, or word-based) influence motor and cognitive performance in healthy young adults, and whether these effects vary by gender.

Methods: A total of 30 healthy adults were assigned to visual, auditory, or word-based priming using single-blind, stratified randomization. Subliminal stimuli were presented for 50 ms. Motor outcomes included reaction time on dominant (RT-R) and non-dominant (RT-L) sides, comfortable and maximal walking speeds measured by the 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT), and functional mobility assessed using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Cognitive performance assessed using the Trail Making Test (TMT). Outcomes were …

Sub-Regional Motor–Somatosensory Connectivity And Lifespan Plasticity In Functional Networks, Adnan A. S. Alahmadi

Neurosciences

Objectives: To determine how cytoarchitectonically defined subdivisions of the primary motor cortex, somatosensory cortex, and supplementary motor area (SMA) reorganize their integration with large-scale brain networks during healthy aging. This study investigated the lifespan trajectories of functional connectivity within cytoarchitectonically defined subregions of the primary motor cortex, somatosensory cortex, and supplementary motor area (SMA).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of resting-state fMRI data from 150 healthy individuals (aged 23–80 years), stratified into young, middle-aged, and older groups. Data were sourced from the Southwest University Adult Lifespan Dataset (SALD) and analyzed between June 2024 and June 2025. Using the Jülich …

Relationships Between The Corpus Callosum Index And Current Blood Parameters And Temporal Changes In These Parameters In Patients With Multiple Sclerosis, Oruç Şahin, Muzaffer Güneş

Neurosciences

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate changes in blood parameters and examine the relationships among the corpus callosum index (CCI), plaque characteristics, and blood parameters in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. In MS, the CCI is associated with brain atrophy and disease progression.

Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, demographic data from 103 MS patients (38 males), along with blood parameters obtained five years earlier and current values, were analyzed in relation to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. The CCI calculated from MRI scans was assessed in relation to plaque distribution and number. Statistical analyses included paired sample t tests, Wilcoxon …

Clinical Characteristics Of Multiple Sclerosis And Association Of Ms Severity With Vitamin D Level In The Madinah Region Of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study, Majed M. Alluqmani

Neurosciences

Objective: To determine the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the western region of Saudi Arabia and correlate it with its predictors among a cohort of patients. The prevalence of MS is increasing in Saudi Arabia, and is attributed to various factors such as recent lifestyle changes, improved disease recognition, and parental consanguinity. Knowing the exact prevalence of the disease may enhance disease management.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals diagnosed with MS at clinics in the Madinah region.

Results: The study found that the prevalence of multiple sclerosis is lower in the Madinah region. Additionally, …

The Top 50 Cited Articles In Pediatric Neurology: A Bibliometric Analysis, Anas Alyazidi, Osama Muthaffar, Ahmed Bamaga, Hebah Qashqari, Abdulmalek Alhithlool, Ahmad Alanezi, Sameer Almehmadi, Mohamed Babiker, Fahad Bashiri

Neurosciences

Objectives: To identify and analyze the most influential articles within the field of pediatric neurology through a bibliometric lens. As pediatric neurology continues to expand across subspecialties, identifying landmark studies is critical for understanding clinical and research priorities. Bibliometric analysis enables the evaluation of citation trends to highlight impactful contributions that have shaped the field.

Method: A bibliometric analysis of the 50 most-cited pediatric neurology articles was conducted. Articles were assessed by citation metrics, study design, subspecialty, journal impact factor (JIF), and funding status. Correlation and regression analyses evaluated associations between variables.

Results: Citation counts ranged from 185 to 1,440 …

Prevalence Of Depression Among Patients With Epilepsy In Saudi Arabia: A Nationwide Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Mothana Y. Al Jabr, Aryam M. Alenizi, Faisal S. Aleisa, Mazen A. Alghamdi, Noura I. Alfehaid, Muteb M. Alqahtani, Abbas S. Almutair

Neurosciences

Objective: To assess the pooled prevalence of depression among epilepsy patients and find the associated demographics and psychosocial factors. Mood disorders are significant comorbidity between patients diagnosed with epilepsy, adversely influencing quality of life and complicating disease management. However, the incidence, prevalence, and associated risk factors of depression in patients diagnosed with epilepsy in Saudi Arabia are not well elucidated.

Methods: This review was employed used studies retrieved from medical databases and the Saudi Digital Library. Observational and cross-sectional studies assessing depression between patients diagnosed with epilepsy in Saudi Arabia were included. Data were analyzed using the Freeman–Tukey double arcsine …

Wearable Sensor Technology And Biomechanical Gait Analysis In Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: A Review With Implications For The Saudi Healthcare System, Abdullah H. Alzahrani

Neurosciences

Stroke remains a major cause of disability worldwide, with gait impairment affecting up to 80% of survivors and contributing to long-term dependence, fall risk, and reduced quality of life. In Saudi Arabia, stroke incidence is rising, with a significant burden on younger populations and disparities in access to post-stroke rehabilitation services. Conventional gait analysis tools rely on expensive, specialized laboratory equipment, which limits their availability in low-resource and rural settings. Recent advances in wearable sensor technologies, including inertial measurement units, pressure insoles, and electromyography systems, offer portable, scalable, and cost-efficient options for assessing gait in real-world environments. These systems can …