Digital Commons Network^™

Commentary: Teratology In The 20th Century Environmental Causes Of Congenital Malformations In Humans And How They Were Established By Harold Kalter, Robert L. Brent

The Selected Works of Robert Brent

No abstract

Utilization Of Juvenile Animals Studies To Determine The Human Effects And Risks Of Environmental Toxicants During Postnatal Developmental Stages, Robert L. Brent

The Selected Works of Robert Brent

Toxicology studies utilizing animals and in-vitro cellular or tissue preparations have been used to study the toxic effects and mechanism of action of drugs and chemicals and to determine the effective and safe dose of drugs in humans and the risk of toxicity from chemical exposures. Testing in animals could be improved if animal dosing using the mg/kg basis was abandoned and drugs and chemicals were administered to compare the effects of pharmacokinetically and toxicokinetically equivalent serum levels in the animal model and human. Since alert physicians or epidemiology studies, not animal studies have discovered most human teratogens and toxicities …

Visual Enhancing Of Tactile Perception In The Posterior Parietal Cortex, Tony Ro, Ruth Wallace, Judith Hagedorn, Alessandro Farnè, Elizabeth Pienkos

Publications and Research

The visual modality typically dominates over our other senses. Here we show that after inducing an extreme conflict in the left hand between vision of touch (present) and the feeling of touch (absent), sensitivity to touch increases for several minutes after the conflict. Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the posterior parietal cortex after this conflict not only eliminated the enduring visual enhancement of touch, but also impaired normal tactile perception. This latter finding demonstrates a direct role of the parietal lobe in modulating tactile perception as a result of the conflict between these senses. These results provide evidence for visual-to-tactile perceptual …

Phosphorylation Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Phosphoprotein P Is Indispensable For Virus Growth†, Subash C. Das, Asit K. Pattnaik

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The phosphoprotein (P) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is an essential subunit of the viral RNAdependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) complex. It is phosphorylated at two different domains. Using defective interfering (DI) RNA or minigenomic RNA templates, we previously demonstrated that phosphorylation within the amino-terminal domain I is essential for transcription, whereas phosphorylation within the carboxyterminal domain II is necessary for replication. For the present study, we examined the role of the phosphorylation of residues in these domains in the life cycle of VSV. Various mutant P coding sequences were inserted into a full-length cDNA clone of VSV, and the virus …

The Nuclear Pore Complex And The Dead Box Protein Rat8p/Dbp5p Have Nonessential Features Which Appear To Facilitate Mrna Export Following Heat Shock, Christiane Rollenhagen, Christine A. Hodge, Charles N. Cole

Dartmouth Scholarship

Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) play an essential role in RNA export. Nucleoporins required for mRNA export in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are found in the Nup84p and Nup82p subcomplexes of the NPC. The Nup82p subcomplex contains Nup82p, Rat7p/Nup159p, Nsp1p, Gle1p/Rss1p, and Rip1p/Nup42p and is found only on the cytoplasmic face of NPCs. Both Rat7p and Gle1p contain binding sites for Rat8p/Dbp5p, an essential DEAD box protein and putative RNA helicase. Rip1p interacts directly with Gle1p and is the only protein known to be essential for mRNA export after heat shock but not under normal growth conditions. We report that in cells lacking …

Amelioration Of Proteolipid Protein 139–151-Induced Encephalomyelitis In Sjl Mice By Modified Amino Acid Copolymers And Their Mechanisms, Joel N.H. Stern, Zsolt Illés, Jay Reddy, Derin B. Keskin, Eric Sheu, Masha Fridkis-Hareli, Hiroyuki Nishimura, Celia F. Brosnan, Laura Santambrogio, Vijay K. Kuchroo, Jack L. Strominger

Jay Reddy Publications

Copolymer 1 [Cop1, glatiramer acetate, Copaxone, poly(Y,E,A,K)n] is widely used in the treatment of relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis in which it reduces the frequency of relapses by ≈30%. In the present study, copolymers with modified amino acid compositions (based on the binding motif of myelin basic protein 85–99 to HLA-DR2) have been developed with the aim of suppressing multiple sclerosis more effectively. The enhanced efficacy of these copolymers in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced in SJL/J mice with proteolipid protein 139–151 was demonstrated by using three protocols: (i) simultaneous administration of autoantigen and copolymer (termed prevention), (ii) …

Incremental Genetic K-Means Algorithm And Its Application In Gene Expression Data Analysis, Yi Lu, Shiyong Lu, Farshad Fotouhi, Youping Deng, Susan J. Brown

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

In recent years, clustering algorithms have been effectively applied in molecular biology for gene expression data analysis. With the help of clustering algorithms such as K-means, hierarchical clustering, SOM, etc, genes are partitioned into groups based on the similarity between their expression profiles. In this way, functionally related genes are identified. As the amount of laboratory data in molecular biology grows exponentially each year due to advanced technologies such as Microarray, new efficient and effective methods for clustering must be developed to process this growing amount of biological data.

Results

In this paper, we propose a new clustering …

Table Of Contents

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

President's Message, David J. Stroup

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Scas Officers And Council Members 2004 - 2005

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Bioinformatics: An Undergraduate Research/Teaching Tool., Abhishek Agrawal, Valgene L. Dunham

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Building New Culture Media For Assisted Reproductive Technology., Mary N. Egbuniwe, H. Lee Higdon Iii, William R. Boone

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Spinocerebellar Ataxia With A Novel Chromosomal Defect: Del 5q34 - A Case Report, Ayşe Fi̇li̇z Koç, Yakup Sarica, Di̇lara Süleymanova Karahan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

KOÇ^1, Yakup SARICA^1, Dilara SÜLEYMANOVA KARAHAN^2 ^1Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Çukurova University, Adana - Turkey ^2Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Çukurova University, Adana - Turkey

Nuovi Approcci Terapeutici Contro Il Cancro Del Colon, Giovanni Mario Pitari

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

This presentation was given in Augusta (Siracusa, Italy) for the 2004 Paul Harris Fellow Award, Rotary Foundation of Rotary International. The lecture discusses the clinical significance of the GC-C pathway and its potential as a therapeutic target for colon cancer and metastatic tumors. It underscores the importance of the dysregulation of the GC-C pathway in promoting colorectal tumorigenesis and of dietary calcium in the GC-C-mediated chemoprevention.

Questa e’ la presentazione per il Premio 2004 Paul Harris Fellow del Rotary International (Augusta, Siracusa, Italia). La dissertazione illustra l’importante significato clinico della via moleculare regulata da GC-C e dai suoi ligandi (guanilina, …

Analysis Of Expression Patterns Of Scl And Pax7 In The Mouse Brain For Potential Concomitant Function Within The Mesencephalon, Julie Stampalia

Theses : Honours

Investigation of the cascade of events that leads to brain formation during embryogenesis allows an understanding of the processes involved that may well be applicable to future neurodegenerative therapies. Two genes at work during embryonic neurogenesis in a brain region called the superior colliculus are Scl, a member of the basic helix-loop-helix factor transcription factor family and Pax7, a paired box transcription factor containing a homeobox dornain. The superior coiliculus forms part of the visual system in mammals and in sepmate studies both the Scl and Pax7 genes have been shown to be present in this region of the mouse …

Inactivation Of A Bacterial Virulence Pheromone By Phagocyte-Derived Oxidants: New Role For The Nadph Oxidase In Host Defense, Jacob M. Rothfork, Graham S. Timmins, Michael N. Harris, Xian Chen, Aldons J. Lusis, Michael Otto, Ambrose L. Cheung, Hattie D. Gresham

Dartmouth Scholarship

Quorum sensing triggers virulence factor expression in medically important bacterial pathogens in response to a density-dependent increase in one or more autoinducing pheromones. Here, we show that phagocyte-derived oxidants target these autoinducers for inactivation as an innate defense mechanism of the host. In a skin infection model, expression of phagocyte NADPH oxidase, myeloperoxidase, or inducible nitric oxide synthase was critical for defense against a quorum-sensing pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus, but not for defense against a quorum sensing-deficient mutant. A virulence-inducing peptide of S. aureus was inactivated in vitro and in vivo by reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates, including HOCl and ONOO(-). …

Cd46-Mediated Transduction Of A Species D Adenovirus Vaccine Improves Mucosal Vaccine Efficacy, Zenaido T. Camacho, Mallory A. Turner, Michael A. Barry, Eric A. Weaver

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The high levels of preexisting immunity against Adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) have deemed Ad5 unusable for translation as a human vaccine vector. Low seroprevalent alternative viral vectors may be less impacted by preexisting immunity, but they may also have significantly different phenotypes from that of Ad5. In this study we compare species D Ads (26, 28, and 48) to the species C Ad5. In vitro transduction studies show striking differences between the species C and D viruses. Most notably, Ad26 transduced human dendritic cells much more effectively than Ad5. In vivo imaging studies showed strikingly different transgene expression profiles. The …

Phylogenetic Analyses Of Texas Isolates Indicate An Evolving Subtype Of The Clade B Feline Immunodeficiency Viruses, Eric A. Weaver, Ellen W. Collisson, Margaret Slater, Guan Zhu

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Rigorous phylogenetic analyses were used to compare the nucleotide sequences of feline immunodeficiency virus strains isolated from Texas and throughout the world. The envelope V3-V4 sequences and capsid gene of the Texas isolates formed a cluster between subtypes B and E. Statistical comparisons with other published sequences confirmed that the Texas group is a unique cluster, possibly a new subtype, arising from subtype B.

What Is New In Wound Healing?, Senthil Kumar, Peng Foo Wong, David John Leaper

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Wound biology is complex. Wounds which were until recently seen only as defects in tissues are now increasingly interpreted in cellular and molecular terms. Growth factors, cytokines, proteases and adhesion molecules which participate in wound healing are discussed in this article. From a clinical perspective, conceptual shifts of importance, including moist wound healing, wound bed preparation and wound assessment, are presented. The frontiers of therapeutics employed in wound healing continue to advance with an increasing array of modalities joining the ranks at a regular pace. A range of currently available as well as evolving therapies- physical (topical negative pressure therapy, …

Thermodynamic Consequences Of Dna Base Modifications And Ligand-Dna Interactions., Rachel Hutchins Graves

All ETDs from UAB

The thermodynamic effects of alterations of the DNA duplex by DNA base modifications or ligand binding are investigated by a combination of spectrophotometric and calorimetric methods. Examination of the effects of substituent modification on the DNA binding energetics of the anticancer agent AAC (Y-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-9-aminoacridine-4-carboxamide) indicated that DNA binding affinities and energetics were enhanced upon substitution at the C5 position on the chromophore of the drug with a variety of chemical groups. A correlation between enthalpies of DNA binding and anticancer activity was evident.The impacts of DNA base modifications, including cytosine arabinoside, deaminated cytosine, and abasic sites, on the thermodynamics of …

Multi-Channel Fetal Magnetocardiographic Signal Seperation For Analysis Of Heart Rate Variability, Joshua Quaid Campbell

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The objectives were to implement signal-processing techniques to separate the fetal magnetocardiogram (FMCG), as collected by SQUID (Superconducting QUantum Interference Device) gradiometers, from mixtures of maternal and fetal biomagnetic signals recorded during the antepartum period and to develop a database of normal FMCG values of the fetal cardiac time intervals and heart rate variability measures. Materials and Methods: The research was performed in three phases: 1) Independent component analysis (ICA), nonlinear filtering techniques, and orthogonal projection methods were optimized enabling the FMCG to be processed using traditional signal analysis techniques; 2) The cardiac time intervals and heart rate variability …

A Drosophila Protein-Interaction Map Centered On Cell-Cycle Regulators, Clement A. Stanyon, Guozhen Liu, Bernardo A. Mangiola, Nishi Patel, Loic Giot, Bing Kuang, Huamei Zhang, Jinhui Zhong, Russell L. Finley Jr

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Maps depicting binary interactions between proteins can be powerful starting points for understanding biological systems. A proven technology for generating such maps is high-throughput yeast two-hybrid screening. In the most extensive screen to date, a Gal4-based two-hybrid system was used recently to detect over 20,000 interactions among Drosophila proteins. Although these data are a valuable resource for insights into protein networks, they cover only a fraction of the expected number of interactions.

Results

To complement the Gal4-based interaction data, we used the same set of Drosophila open reading frames to construct arrays for a LexA-based two-hybrid system. We …

Imaging Genome Abnormalities In Cancer Research, Henry Hq Heng, Joshua B. Stevens, Guo Liu, Steven W. Bremer, Christine J. Ye

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Increasing attention is focusing on chromosomal and genome structure in cancer research due to the fact that genomic instability plays a principal role in cancer initiation, progression and response to chemotherapeutic agents. The integrity of the genome (including structural, behavioral and functional aspects) of normal and cancer cells can be monitored with direct visualization by using a variety of cutting edge molecular cytogenetic technologies that are now available in the field of cancer research. Examples are presented in this review by grouping these methodologies into four categories visualizing different yet closely related major levels of genome structures. An integrated …

Molecular Genetic Investigation Of Autosomal Dominant Hemifacial Microsomia, Rebecca Watt

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The overall purpose of this project was to explore the underlying pathogenesis of Hemifacial microsomia (HFM), investigate treatment and management options identify likely candidate genes and screen candidate genes for mutation(s) causing the form of HFM segregating on chromosome 11 in a West Australian family. Hemifacial microsomia is a congenital malformation arising from the derivatives of the first and second branchial arches. It is both clinically and genetically heterogeneous and can occur sporadically or segregate within families in an autosomal fashion. HFM is characterised by significant undergrowth to one side of the face and is a common birth defect with …

Target Selection For Antisense Oligonucleotide Induced Exon Skipping In The Dystrophin Gene, Stephen J. Errington

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), and the milder allelic Becker muscular dystrophy (EMD), are X-linked recessive muscle wasting disorders characterised by mutations in the dystrophin gene. DMD occurs at a frequency of approximately 1 in 3500 male newborns and life expectancy is typically less than 30 years. Due to progressive muscle wasting, affected boys are restricted to a wheelchair by the age of 12 years. The most common cause of death is pneumonia, compounded by cardiac involvement. Mutations that disrupt the dystrophin reading frame, or prevent the synthesis of either terminus, preclude the synthesis of a fully functional dystrophin. The subsequent …

Sister Chromatid Exchange Frequency In Lymphocytes Cultured From Cotton Gin Workers, Münevver Atmaca, Hüseyi̇n Bağci, İbrahi̇m Açikbaş, Di̇li̇han Gümüş, Füsun Düzcan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Genetic biomonitoring of human populations exposed to potential mutagens/carcinogens can be performed using different genetic markers. Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) is one of the most extensively used markers of the early biological effects of DNA damaging agents. In order to assess the genotoxicity associated with exposure to cotton dust, we determined SCE frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured from 20 cotton gin workers and 20 controls. Student’s-t test indicated an increased frequency of SCE in lymphocytes of the workers (14.66 ± 4.18) compared to the controls (10.40 ± 1.37) (P < 0.0001). The Mann-Whitney U test indicated that the duration of exposure to cotton dust (10 years) and the work area were not related to the frequency of SCE (P > 0.05). The textile industry is rapidly expanding in Turkey, and …

The Effects Of Melatonin On 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase: An In Vitro And In Vivo Study, İlhami̇ Gülçi̇n, Şükrü Beydemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Melatonin is known to influence a variety of biological processes including circadian rhythms, neuroendocrine, and cardiovascular and immune functions as well as thermoregulation. Melatonin is the chief secretory product of the pineal gland, although it is also produced in other organs. In this study, in vitro effects of melatonin on 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from human erythrocytes and in vivo effects of melatonin on 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from rat (Sprague-Dawley) erythrocytes were studied. Human erythrocyte 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase was purified in 3 steps, namely haemolysate preparation, ammonium sulphate fractionation (35-65%) and 2´,5´-ADP Sepharose-4B affinity gel chromatography. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase was purified with a recovery rate …

Apert Syndrome, İlknur Kiliç, Yildirim Baykara, C. Nur Semerci̇, Hacer Ergi̇n, N. Lale Şatiroğlu Tufan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

ILIÇ^1, Yıldırım BAYKARA^1, C. Nur SEMERCİ^2, Hacer ERGİN^1, N. Lale ŞATIROĞLU TUFAN^2 ^1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli - Turkey ^2 Department of Medical Biology, Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli - Turkey

Half A Century Of Dna, Di̇cle Güç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Erp57 In Hras Intracellular Trafficking And Function., Jaime Lyn Parman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Ras is a central player in signal transduction that mediates cellular proliferation and differentiation. Recent evidence has shown that lipid and non-lipid modified domains participate in Ras traffic and that plasma membrane association is mediated by vectorial vesicular transport from the endomembrane system. ERp57, an ER chaperone, has been shown to specifically bind farnesylated Hras but not non-farnesylated Hras. The objective of this study was to determine if ERp57 participates in Ras trafficking and function. First, the effect of ERp57 knock down by siRNA technology on Hras function was studied; there was a reduction in ERp57 cellular levels that led …