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Comparison Of Gliclazide Treatment With Diet Therapy On Acute Phase Protein Levels In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Ramazan Memi̇şoğullari, Fati̇h Akçay, Abdurrahman Coşkun, Uğur Korkmaz Jan 2009

Comparison Of Gliclazide Treatment With Diet Therapy On Acute Phase Protein Levels In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Ramazan Memi̇şoğullari, Fati̇h Akçay, Abdurrahman Coşkun, Uğur Korkmaz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aims: It is known that there is a relationship between diabetic complications and chronic inflammation characterized by alterations in circulating acute phase proteins. It has been emphasized that inflammation contributes to diabetic complications and that gliclazide -an antidiabetic sulfonylurea - decreases the development of such complications. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether gliclazide or diet treatment has an effect on serum levels of acute phase reactants, markers of inflammation. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes and 30 clinically healthy subjects were evaluated prospectively. Twenty-six patients were treated with proper diet and daily gliclazide …

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Histopathological And Clinical Characteristics Of Secretory Carcinoma Of The Breast, Keri̇m Bora Yilmaz, Işin Pak, Can Atalay, Ci̇hangi̇r Özaslan Jan 2009

Histopathological And Clinical Characteristics Of Secretory Carcinoma Of The Breast, Keri̇m Bora Yilmaz, Işin Pak, Can Atalay, Ci̇hangi̇r Özaslan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Secretory breast carcinoma is a rare form of invasive breast carcinoma constituting less than 1% of all breast cancer cases. Since insufficient data have been compiled about this rare tumor, it is important to report every case of secretory breast carcinoma in an effort to better understand the histopathological and clinical characteristics of this tumor and to contemplate the most appropriate therapeutic approach. In this report, two adult female patients over 50 years of age and a 14-year-old girl were reviewed with a detailed immunohistochemical work-up to define the clinical and molecular characteristics of secretory breast carcinoma.

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Characterization Of The Human Gys2 Gene And Its Product Using Bioinformatic Tools, Fuat Di̇lmec, Ali̇ Ataş Jan 2009

Characterization Of The Human Gys2 Gene And Its Product Using Bioinformatic Tools, Fuat Di̇lmec, Ali̇ Ataş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: The GYS2 gene, which encodes for glycogen synthase 2 (liver) (GS), is an enzyme responsible for the synthesis of 1,4-linked glucose chains in glycogen. The present study aimed to investigate the homology, conserved domain, and promoter and expression profiles of the human GYS2 gene among various vertebrate species using bioinformatic tools. Materials and Methods: We analyzed the homology with NCBI blast, the conserved domain with EBI ClustalW and Mega4, the promoter with Genomatix, and the expression profiles with DigiNorthern software. Results: GS proteins and their conserved domains (Glycogen_-syn) were more conserved in all the organisms investigated. There was 1 …

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Acute Effect Of Speed Exercise On Nitric Oxide (No) Level Of Footballers, Özcan Saygin Jan 2009

Acute Effect Of Speed Exercise On Nitric Oxide (No) Level Of Footballers, Özcan Saygin

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: Exercise is one of the low-cost and easiest ways for improving life standards and physical fitness, and reducing body stress. Nitric oxide (NO) is defined as the ''surprising soldier mediator'' of biological systems. NO is one of the relaxation factors coming from the vascular endothelium. This relaxation in smooth muscles leads to vasodilatation in veins. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the acute effect of 20-meter sprints of footballers on NO levels. Materials and Methods: 22 footballers with an age range of 18-32 were voluntarily enrolled in the study. The heights and weights of the subjects were …

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Plasma Resistin And Leptin Levels In Overweight And Lean Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis, Nai̇me Canoruç, Ebru Kale, Ayşe Di̇cle Turhanoğlu, Şehmus Özmen, Ceyla Ogün, Abdurrahman Kaplan Jan 2009

Plasma Resistin And Leptin Levels In Overweight And Lean Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis, Nai̇me Canoruç, Ebru Kale, Ayşe Di̇cle Turhanoğlu, Şehmus Özmen, Ceyla Ogün, Abdurrahman Kaplan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: Adipocytokines are now considered important players in the etiopathogenesis of numerous metabolic and inflammatory disorders. However, plasma leptin and resistin levels in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are still unclear. We aimed to investigate the plasma levels of leptin and resistin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and to compare them with controls. Materials and Methods: Consecutive 52 patients with RA were compared with 52 control subjects in terms of mean leptin and resistin levels. Results: Patients with RA showed considerably higher plasma levels of leptin (34.3 ± 27.9 vs. 11.1 ± 4.1) and resistin (4.8 ± 0.7 vs. 4.0 ± 1.3) …

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A Rare Cause Of Neonatal Hypocalcemia: Malignant Infantile Osteopetrosis, Hakan Uzun, Ebru Yilmaz Keski̇n, Dursun Ali̇ Şenses, Ayhan Erdem, Bünyami̇n Di̇ki̇ci̇, Kenan Kocabay Jan 2009

A Rare Cause Of Neonatal Hypocalcemia: Malignant Infantile Osteopetrosis, Hakan Uzun, Ebru Yilmaz Keski̇n, Dursun Ali̇ Şenses, Ayhan Erdem, Bünyami̇n Di̇ki̇ci̇, Kenan Kocabay

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Malignant infantile osteopetrosis (MIOP) is a rare inherited bone disease characterized by reduced or dysregulated activity of osteoclasts, which results in generalized osteosclerosis. This leads to abnormal bone marrow cavity formation and to the clinical signs and symptoms of bone marrow failure and nerve compression. Symptoms related to early or late hypocalcemia may appear as the first presentation of MIOP in a newborn. We present a 14-day-old boy with neonatal hypocalcaemia due to MIOP.

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Measurement Of Total Antioxidant Response In Colorectal Cancer Using A Novel Automated Method, Abdullah Özgönül, Nurten Aksoy, Fuat Di̇lmec, Ali̇ Uzunköy, Şahi̇n Aksoy Jan 2009

Measurement Of Total Antioxidant Response In Colorectal Cancer Using A Novel Automated Method, Abdullah Özgönül, Nurten Aksoy, Fuat Di̇lmec, Ali̇ Uzunköy, Şahi̇n Aksoy

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the antioxidative status in patients with colorectal cancer and healthy controls, based on measurements made using a novel method. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted between 2005 and 2007, and included 30 patients with colorectal cancer and 30 healthy controls. To determine the antioxidative status of the patients and healthy controls, serum total antioxidant capacity was measured using a novel automated method. Blood samples were taken from the healthy controls and the patients. Results: Total serum antioxidant capacity was significantly lower in colorectal cancer patients than in healthy persons (P < 0.023). Conclusions: Patients with colorectal cancer are exposed to oxidative stress, which may have a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. The novel automated method used in this study was developed in our laboratory, and is feasible and fully automated; therefore, it may be useful for evaluating oxidative-antioxidative balance in patients with colorectal cancer.

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Annexin A2, A7, And A11 Expression In Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma*, Sema Hücümenoğlu, Berrak Gümüşkaya, Murat Alper, Bülent Öcal, Erdem Karabulut Jan 2009

Annexin A2, A7, And A11 Expression In Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma*, Sema Hücümenoğlu, Berrak Gümüşkaya, Murat Alper, Bülent Öcal, Erdem Karabulut

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: To investigate annexin A2 (ANXA2), annexin A7 (ANXA7), and annexin A11 (ANXA11) expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Although overexpression of ANXA2 has been reported in HNSCC, there are no studies on ANXA7 or ANXA11 in the same region. Materials and Methods: ANXA2, ANXA7, and ANXA11 were immunohistochemically studied in paraffin-embedded sections obtained from 43 patients with HNSCC. Results: ANXA2 and ANXA11 expression was more intense in the tumor areas in HNSCC (P = 0 for ANXA2, P = 0.05 for ANXA11). Both the tumors and normal mucosae showed membranous staining for ANXA7 and ANXA2, while …

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Radiological And Pathological Correlation In Patients With Bronchioloalveolar Lung Carcinoma, Serpi̇l Öcal, Gülnur Önde Üçoluk, Belgi̇n Samurkaşoğlu, Funda Demi̇rağ, İlker Eti̇kan, Peli̇n Bayazit Jan 2009

Radiological And Pathological Correlation In Patients With Bronchioloalveolar Lung Carcinoma, Serpi̇l Öcal, Gülnur Önde Üçoluk, Belgi̇n Samurkaşoğlu, Funda Demi̇rağ, İlker Eti̇kan, Peli̇n Bayazit

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: To assess the correlation between pathological and radiological findings in patients with pure bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the pathological and radiological findings in patients with pure BAC. Results: We reviewed the case records, pathological specimens, and computer files of 26 patients with a pathologic diagnosis of pure BAC during a 3-year period. There was a statistically significant relationship between pathological and radiological findings (X^2 = 15.143, P = 0.004). There was a correlation between mucinous pathology and diffuse pattern, as well as between non-mucinous pathology and solitary nodule/mass/cavitation. A statistically significant relationship between lymphocytic …

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Body Fat, Dyslipidemia, Blood Pressure And The Effects Of Smoking In Germans And Turks, Günay Can, Peter Schwandt, Altan Onat, Gülay Hergenç, Gerda-Maria Haas Jan 2009

Body Fat, Dyslipidemia, Blood Pressure And The Effects Of Smoking In Germans And Turks, Günay Can, Peter Schwandt, Altan Onat, Gülay Hergenç, Gerda-Maria Haas

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: Determining the difference regarding obesity in German and Turkish adults. Materials and Methods: This study examined a cross-section of adults aged 30-79 years old. Age-adjustment was uniformly provided for comparisons. Results: Among 3055 Germans and 2925 Turks, Turkish women had significantly higher markers of (abdominal) obesity than German women, while waist circumference (WC) was similar among males. Blood pressure (BP), concentrations of total, LDL-cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B were significantly higher among Germans, whereas Turks had markedly higher fasting triglycerides and lower HDL-cholesterol. Unlike Germans, the current trend of smoking among Turks correlates with lower WC and lower systolic BP …

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Etofenamate And Anastomoses Of The Colon In Rats, Aydin İnan, Önder Sürgi̇t, Meral Şen, Ayhan Akpinar, Mi̇kdat Bozer Jan 2009

Etofenamate And Anastomoses Of The Colon In Rats, Aydin İnan, Önder Sürgi̇t, Meral Şen, Ayhan Akpinar, Mi̇kdat Bozer

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been used for many years due to their analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. They have also been used for postoperative analgesia. We aimed to study the effects of etofenamate, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, on the healing of colonic anastomoses in rats. Materials and methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Resection and anastomosis were performed on the distal colon. The etofenamate group received 30 mg/kg etofenamate and the control group received 0.1 mL of 0.9% NaCl intramuscularly daily. Bursting pressures of anastomoses and hydroxyproline levels of perianastomotic tissues were determined on days 3 and 7. …

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An Abnormal Digital Rectal Examination Is An Independent Predictor Of High Radical Prostatectomy Gleason’S Score ( ≥7) In Patients With Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer, Özgür Uğurlu, Mesut Çeti̇nkaya, Cüneyt Özden, Ç. Volkan Özteki̇n, A. Özgür Akdemi̇r, Ali̇ Memi̇ş, Mehmet Yariş Jan 2009

An Abnormal Digital Rectal Examination Is An Independent Predictor Of High Radical Prostatectomy Gleason’S Score ( ≥7) In Patients With Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer, Özgür Uğurlu, Mesut Çeti̇nkaya, Cüneyt Özden, Ç. Volkan Özteki̇n, A. Özgür Akdemi̇r, Ali̇ Memi̇ş, Mehmet Yariş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of digital rectal examination (DRE), serum total prostate specific antigen (PSA), percent free PSA (fPSA%), and PSA density (PSAD) in the prediction of high radical prostatectomy Gleason’s scores (GSs) ≥ 7 in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. Materials and methods: Two hundred twenty-five patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer were included in the study. The patients were grouped with respect to their radical prostatectomy GSs: group 1 including the patients with GSs < 6 (n = 170) and group 2 including the ones with GSs ≥ 7 (n = 55). The groups were compared with respect to potential predictors of a high GS, which were patient age, gland volume (Vp) obtained by transrectal ultrasound, DRE, PSA, fPSA%, and PSAD. Results: The mean age, PSA, fPSA%, and PSAD values of groups 1 and 2 were 65.23 ± 7.7 and 65.05 ± 7.1 years, 11.20 ± 9.2 and 11.09 ± 6.8 ng/mL, 16.2 ± 8.6 and 15.5 ± 8.1, and 0.25 ± 0.20 and 0.28 ± 0.18 ng/mL/cc, respectively. The groups were similar with respect to mean age, PSA, fPSA%, and PSAD (P > 0.05 for all). Mean prostate volume of patients in group 2 was …

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Handedness Differences In Dental Traumatic Injuries Of Boxers, Saadetti̇n Dağistan, Şenol Dane, Recep Gürsoy, Bi̇nali̇ Çakur, İlhan Şen, Özkan Mi̇loğlu, Abubeki̇r Harorli Jan 2009

Handedness Differences In Dental Traumatic Injuries Of Boxers, Saadetti̇n Dağistan, Şenol Dane, Recep Gürsoy, Bi̇nali̇ Çakur, İlhan Şen, Özkan Mi̇loğlu, Abubeki̇r Harorli

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: Previous studies reported the relation of left-handedness with dental and head traumas in normal population. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between dental traumas, such as non-vitality and fracture, and left-handedness. Materials and methods: Twenty three Turkish international professional boxers were included in the study. Existence of teeth that had trauma and loss of vitality in these boxers were investigated. Results: The mean number of non-vital teeth was higher in left-handers than in right-handers for right-lower, left-upper, left-lower, and total regions, but not for the right-upper region. However, there were no significant differences between right- …

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Athletes Have Faster Eye-Hand Visual Reaction Times And Higher Scores On Visuospatial Intelligence Than Nonathletes, Sedi̇ Akarsu, Erkan Çalişkan, Şenol Dane Jan 2009

Athletes Have Faster Eye-Hand Visual Reaction Times And Higher Scores On Visuospatial Intelligence Than Nonathletes, Sedi̇ Akarsu, Erkan Çalişkan, Şenol Dane

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: To compare sports-related visual abilities such as hand-eye reaction time and visuospatial intelligence of athletes to nonathletes. Materials and methods: Differences in sports-related visual abilities such as hand-eye reaction time and visuospatial intelligence between athletes and nonathletes were studied in 157 male (M age = 13.9 years, SD = 1.8) and 126 female (M age = 13.9 years, SD = 1.7) high school students. Visuospatial intelligence was assessed with Cattel's Culture Fair Intelligence Test. A software package of random stimulus presentation and response recording was used for eye-hand reaction time. Results: Athletes had lower eye-hand visual reaction time (the …

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General Characteristics Of Paternity Test Applicants, Ayşi̇m Tuğ, Gülümser Gülteki̇n Akduman Jan 2009

General Characteristics Of Paternity Test Applicants, Ayşi̇m Tuğ, Gülümser Gülteki̇n Akduman

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: This research was done to fill the gap in research on the social dimensions of paternity testing by determining the reasons for the suspicion and some characteristics of families who applied for a paternity test. Materials and methods: This research was performed with 50 men that applied for paternity testing. The bi-sectional questionnaire was conducted by means of the interview method. The questionnaire comprised questions on age, education, the reason for and duration of paternity suspicion, domestic violence linked to the paternity suspicion, and plans for the future following the test. The data were assessed with SPSS 10.0 and …

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Preparation And Characterization Of Some Substituted Benzyl N-Nitrosocarbamates Containing An N-2-(Methylthio)Ethyl Or A Bis(2-Aminoethyl)Sulfide Functionality, Satya Venkata, Eric Shamo, Vladimir Benin Jan 2009

Preparation And Characterization Of Some Substituted Benzyl N-Nitrosocarbamates Containing An N-2-(Methylthio)Ethyl Or A Bis(2-Aminoethyl)Sulfide Functionality, Satya Venkata, Eric Shamo, Vladimir Benin

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The synthesis and characterization of some substituted benzyl N-nitrosocarbamates with an N-2-(methylthio)ethyl or a bis(2-aminoethyl)sulfide functionality is reported, as a part of a long-term goal to design and prepare novel photolabile structures that could be used as substances for controlled release of alkylating and/or crosslinking agents. The synthesis was accomplished by reaction of benzyl chloroformates with the corresponding amines, resulting in the preparation of carbamates. The latter were subsequently nitrosated, utilizing two different N-nitrosation methods, to yield the target structures.

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Adenovirus E4orf4 Induces Hpv-16 Late L1 Mrna Production, Monica Somberg, Margaret Rush, Joanna Fay, Fergus Ryan, Helen Lambkin, Göran Akusjärvi, Stefan Schwartz Jan 2009

Adenovirus E4orf4 Induces Hpv-16 Late L1 Mrna Production, Monica Somberg, Margaret Rush, Joanna Fay, Fergus Ryan, Helen Lambkin, Göran Akusjärvi, Stefan Schwartz

Articles

The adenovirus E4orf4 protein regulates the switch from early to late gene expression during the adenoviral replication cycle. Here we report that overexpression of adenovirus E4orf4 induces human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) late gene expression from subgenomic expression plasmids. E4orf4 specifically overcomes the negative effects of two splicing silencers at the two late HPV-16 splice sites SD3632 and SA5639. This results in the production of HPV-16 spliced L1 mRNAs. We show that the interaction of E4orf4 with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is necessary for induction of HPV-16 late gene expression. Also an E4orf4 mutant that fails to bind the cellular …

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Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry For The Determination Of Methylprednisolone In Rat Plasma And Liver After Intravenous Administration Of Its Liver-Targeted Dextran Prodrug, Shuang-Qing Zhang, Helen R. Thorsheim, Suman Penugonda, Venkateswaran C. Pillai, Quentin R. Smith, Reza Mehvar Jan 2009

Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry For The Determination Of Methylprednisolone In Rat Plasma And Liver After Intravenous Administration Of Its Liver-Targeted Dextran Prodrug, Shuang-Qing Zhang, Helen R. Thorsheim, Suman Penugonda, Venkateswaran C. Pillai, Quentin R. Smith, Reza Mehvar

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

A specific and sensitive liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometric method for quantitative determination of methylprednisolone (MP) in rat plasma and liver was developed and validated using triamcinolone acetonide as an internal standard. Liquid-liquid extraction using tert-butyl methyl ether was used to extract the drug and the internal standard from plasma and liver. The separation of MP was performed on a C(18) column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile:0.5% formic acid aqueous solution (85:15, v/v) over 4 min. The assay was based on the selected reaction monitoring transitions at m/z 375 -> 161 for MP in plasma, 375 -> 357 for …

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Localization Of Deformed Wing Virus (Dwv) In The Brains Of Apis Mellifera (European Honey Bees), Karan Samir Shah Jan 2009

Localization Of Deformed Wing Virus (Dwv) In The Brains Of Apis Mellifera (European Honey Bees), Karan Samir Shah

Honors Theses

The purpose of the current research project is to design a successful in-situ hybridization to identify regions within the brains of honeybees where DWV replicates. The localization of the virus in the brains of the bees can draw a connection between CCDand DWV.In conclusion, these results demonstrate that in bees infected with DWV the virus replicates actively in very important regions of the brain, including neuropils that are responsible for vision and olfaction. This means that the virus could adversely affect the vision and olfaction of the honeybees making it difficult for bees to behave normally.

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Examination Of The Capacity Of The Cathelicidins To Control Bacillus Anthracis Pathogenesis, Mark W. Lisanby Jan 2009

Examination Of The Capacity Of The Cathelicidins To Control Bacillus Anthracis Pathogenesis, Mark W. Lisanby

All ETDs from UAB

cillus anthracis is a gram-positive, spore forming bacterium that causes infection through three routes: cutaneous, gastrointestinal and pulmonary. Historically, anthrax pathogenesis was thought to be initiated via the uptake of spores by resident macrophages, which then transited to the regional lymph nodes. While en-route, the spores germinated and developed into bacilli within the phagolysosome, escaped into the cytoplasm, killed the cell and eventually the host. Following the recent use of B. anthracis as a biological weapon, researchers began to reevaluate anthrax pathogenesis in order to develop novel treatments. One aspect of anthrax pathogenesis that saw renewed interest was the intracellular …

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Klf4 And Retinoid Receptor Signaling In Cancer, Wen Jiang Jan 2009

Klf4 And Retinoid Receptor Signaling In Cancer, Wen Jiang

All ETDs from UAB

The fight against cancer has generated wide interest in understanding the genetic mechanisms behind the disease. One group of oncogenes – transcription factors – offers many opportunities for treatment or prevention. Among these transcription factors is KLF4, which functions in post-mitotic epithelial cells to promote differentiation. KLF4 has tumorigenic activity in both in vitro and in vivo models. In analyzing transcripts that were induced by KLF4, we noted the induction of multiple nuclear receptors, including retinoid receptors. Retinoids are well-established as chemopreventive agents, but the mechanisms by which they act to prevent cancer remain unclear. Previous studies have shown that …

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Regulation Of Neural Precursor Cell Apoptosis And Proliferation By Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3, Tae-Yeon Eom Jan 2009

Regulation Of Neural Precursor Cell Apoptosis And Proliferation By Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3, Tae-Yeon Eom

All ETDs from UAB

Neurogenesis is a crucial process for development, plasticity, and regenerative capacity of the developing and adult brain. Impairment of neurogenesis has been implicated in the etiology of psychiatric disorders. Although substantial studies have shown that therapeutic interventions enhance neurogenesis, much less is known about what factors impair neurogenesis. Thus, the present work examined if glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) has a role in impaired neurogenesis, focusing on apoptosis and proliferation of neural precursor cells (NPCs). This investigation found that GSK3 promotes apoptotic signaling in cultured NPCs subjected to two insults, trophic factor withdrawal and genotoxic stress. Both stimuli activated GSK3, Bax, …

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Pathological Modification Of Tau Induce Toxicity And Facilitate Cell Death, Tori A. Matthews Jan 2009

Pathological Modification Of Tau Induce Toxicity And Facilitate Cell Death, Tori A. Matthews

All ETDs from UAB

eimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by two major pathophysiological hallmarks, beta-amyloid (A��) plaques and tau tangles. In AD and other tau associated neurodegenerative disorders, termed tauopathies, a critical role in promoting neuronal degeneration has been demonstrated for hyperphosphorylated forms of tau. Recent findings suggest that cleavage of tau in the carboxyl-terminal region (Asp421) may also promote deleterious effects of tau on neuronal health. In the first half of my study, the relationship between Asp421 cleaved tau and a common AD associated stressor (endoplasmic reticulum [ER] stress) was investigated using an inducible cortical neuronal model. Cells expressing …

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Mechanisms And Countermeasures Of Microgravity Induced Bone Loss: In Vitro And In Vivo Model Systems, Ritu Saxena Jan 2009

Mechanisms And Countermeasures Of Microgravity Induced Bone Loss: In Vitro And In Vivo Model Systems, Ritu Saxena

All ETDs from UAB

Rapid bone loss occurs during prolonged periods of weightlessness experienced by astronauts during spaceflights which leads to osteopenia and increased fracture risk upon return to earth. Spaceflight studies have shown that the bone loss occurs as a result of both a decrease in bone formation and an increase in bone resorption, however, the molecular mechanisms still need to be elucidated. Previous studies from our laboratory and other groups have indicated that modeled microgravity leads to inhibition of osteoblastogenesis and a stimulation of adipogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells in osteogenic medium which is most likely mediated by a decrease in …

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Immunotherapy Of Cancer Employing Γδ-T Cells: A Study Examining Their Utility And Feasibility, Benjamin Hester Beck Jan 2009

Immunotherapy Of Cancer Employing Γδ-T Cells: A Study Examining Their Utility And Feasibility, Benjamin Hester Beck

All ETDs from UAB

Unlike antigen-specific alpha beta-T cells, gamma delta-T cells can recognize and lyse cancerous cells rapidly upon encounter in a manner that does not require the recognition of tumor-specific antigens. Given the well-documented capacity of gamma delta-T cells to innately kill malignant cells, efforts are now underway to exploit the antitumor properties of gamma delta-T cells for clinical purposes. Here, we present for the first time preclinical in vivo mouse models of gamma delta-T cell-based immunotherapy directed against breast cancer. These studies were explicitly designed to approximate clinical situations in which adoptively-transferred gamma delta-T cells would be employed therapeutically against breast …

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Identification Of New Strategies For The Treatment Of Glioblastoma Multiforme Utilizing A Pharmacogenomic Approach: Genetic Profiles Associated With Patient Prognosis And Outcome To Capecitabine Treatment, Jessica Marie Grunda Jan 2009

Identification Of New Strategies For The Treatment Of Glioblastoma Multiforme Utilizing A Pharmacogenomic Approach: Genetic Profiles Associated With Patient Prognosis And Outcome To Capecitabine Treatment, Jessica Marie Grunda

All ETDs from UAB

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most lethal form of primary brain neoplasm with average patient survival between 9 and 15 months even with the most aggressive treatment modalities. Unfortunately, this poor outcome has not appreciably changed in the past 50 years emphasizing the lack of traditional `trial and error' methods in identifying an efficacious treatment for GBM. Pharmacogenomics is greatly impacting cancer research through the development of personalized medicine and rationally designed treatment paradigms for the development of more efficacious and less toxic treatment modalities. The main objective of this research was to utilize a pharmacogenomic approach to identify new …

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The Role Of The Ss2-Integrin Family On T Cell Subsets, Jillian E. Wohler Jan 2009

The Role Of The Ss2-Integrin Family On T Cell Subsets, Jillian E. Wohler

All ETDs from UAB

Members of the ß2-integrin family of adhesion molecules, CD11a, CD11b, and CD11c, have all been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). CD11d had yet to be studied in demyelinating disease and its functions remained unclear. We report here that CD11d is the only member of the ß2-integrin family of adhesion molecules that fails to protect against the development of EAE. Surprisingly, the EAE studies suggested that CD11a, CD11b, and CD11c were all contributing to T cell activity during disease development by mechanisms beyond the migration of these cells into the CNS. However, the …

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Faculty Should Consider Peer Review As A Means Of Improving Students' Scientific Reasoning Skills, Briana Timmerman, Denise Strickland Jan 2009

Faculty Should Consider Peer Review As A Means Of Improving Students' Scientific Reasoning Skills, Briana Timmerman, Denise Strickland

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Ultrasound In Second Year Pathology Medical Education, Richard Hoppmann, Wylie E. Michell, John B. Carter, Carol Mcmahon, Patsy H. Lill, Noel A. Brownlee, Kevin A. Carnevale Jan 2009

Ultrasound In Second Year Pathology Medical Education, Richard Hoppmann, Wylie E. Michell, John B. Carter, Carol Mcmahon, Patsy H. Lill, Noel A. Brownlee, Kevin A. Carnevale

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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The Potential For Nutrigenomics In Prevention Of Metabolic Syndrome, J. David Gangemi, Dana King Jan 2009

The Potential For Nutrigenomics In Prevention Of Metabolic Syndrome, J. David Gangemi, Dana King

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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