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Factors Affecting The Survival And Implantation Of Human Blastocysts Following Vitrification, Hamish Barblett

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The increased cell numbers, presence of the blastocoel and rapid cell re-organisation have required the development of specific survival criteria post warm to effectively select the most viable blastocyst for transfer. Pre-freeze blastocyst expansion and post warm re-expansion have been shown to contribute significantly to the chances of an implantation and subsequent live birth. The aim of this study was to explore factors that influence the outcome of blastocyst transfers after vitrification and warming, and hopefully improve outcomes by further applying improvements in future cycles. Variables from 8 years of vitrified/warmed blastocysts were retrospectively compiled and analysed to determine the …

ความสามารถในการทำงานและปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องของบุคลากรทางการแพทย์สูงอายุในโรงพยาบาลตติยภูมิแห่งหนึ่งในกรุงเทพมหานคร, ศรวิทย์ โอสถศิลป์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การวิจัยนี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงพรรณนา ณ จุดใดจุดหนึ่ง มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาถึงความสามารถในการทำงานและปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องของบุคลากรทางการแพทย์สูงอายุในโรงพยาบาลตติยภูมิแห่งหนึ่งในกรุงเทพมหานคร กลุ่มตัวอย่างเป็นบุคลากรทางการแพทย์ที่มีอายุตั้งแต่ 45 ปีขึ้นไป จำนวน 285 คน คัดเลือกโดยการสุ่มตัวอย่างแบบชั้นภูมิตามสัดส่วนของแต่ละกลุ่มอาชีพ เครื่องมือที่ใช้คือแบบสอบถามดัชนีชี้วัดความสามารถในการทำงาน (Work ability index) ฉบับภาษาไทย และแบบสอบถามเกี่ยวกับปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องกับความสามารถในการทำงาน ข้อมูลจะถูกวิเคราะห์ด้วยสถิติเชิงพรรณาและการวิเคราะห์การถดถอยโลจิสติกแบบเชิงชั้น ผลการวิจัย พบว่ากลุ่มตัวอย่างส่วนใหญ่มีระดับความสามารถในการทำงานอยู่ในระดับดี จำนวน 166 คน (ร้อยละ 58.2) และดัชนีชี้วัดความสามารถในการทำงานเฉลี่ยอยู่ที่ 38.8 คะแนน (SD = 4.50) และโดยปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์ ได้แก่ เคยมีประวัติการสูบบุหรี่ (ORadj = 11.43, 95% CI = 1.78 – 73.36) มีสิ่งแวดล้อมในการทำงานที่ไม่ดีในด้านการยศาสตร์ (ORadj = 4.22, 95% CI = 1.80 – 9.90) กลุ่มอาชีพแพทย์ (ORadj = 12.36, 95% CI = 2.15 – 71.00) มีความขัดแย้งกันกับบุคคลในครอบครัว (ORadj = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.14 – 6.06) เพศชาย (ORadj = 0.06, 95% CI = 0.01 - 0.32) ระดับการศึกษาสูงสุดสูงกว่าปริญญาตรี (ORadj = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.14 – 0.93) และรายได้ต่อเดือนมากกว่าทุก 1 พันบาท (ORadj = 0.95, 95% …

A Synthetic Agonist To Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Receptor-2 Induces Regulatory T Cell Neuroprotective Activities In Models Of Parkinson's Disease, R. Lee Mosley, Yaman Lu, Katherine E. Olson, Jatin Machhi, Wenhui Yan, Krista L. Namminga, Jenell R. Smith, Scott J. Shandler, Howard Gendelman

Journal Articles: Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience

A paradigm shift has emerged in Parkinson's disease (PD) highlighting the prominent role of CD4⁺ Tregs in pathogenesis and treatment. Bench to bedside research, conducted by others and our own laboratories, advanced a neuroprotective role for Tregs making pharmacologic transformation of immediate need. Herein, a vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor-2 (VIPR2) peptide agonist, LBT-3627, was developed as a neuroprotectant for PD-associated dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Employing both 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and α-synuclein (α-Syn) overexpression models in rats, the sequential administration of LBT-3627 increased Treg activity without altering cell numbers both in naïve animals and during progressive nigrostriatal degeneration. LBT-3627 administration was linked to …

Afatinib And Temozolomide Combination Inhibits Tumorigenesis By Targeting Egfrviii-Cmet Signaling In Glioblastoma Cells, Raghupathy Vengoji, Muzafar A. Macha, Rama Krishna Nimmakayala, Satyanarayana Rachagani, Jawed A. Siddiqui, Kavita Mallya, Santhi Gorantla, Maneesh Jain, Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, Surinder K. Batra, Nicole Shonka

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with universal recurrence and poor prognosis. The recurrence is largely driven by chemoradiation resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its mutant EGFRvIII are amplified in ~ 60% and ~ 30% of GBM patients, respectively; however, therapies targeting EGFR have failed to improve disease outcome. EGFRvIII-mediated cross-activation of tyrosine kinase receptor, cMET, regulates GBM CSC maintenance and promote tumor recurrence. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of pan-EGFR inhibitor afatinib and Temozolomide (TMZ) combination on GBM in vitro and in vivo.

METHODS: We analyzed the effect of afatinib and …

Ribosomal Rna Synthesis Is Regulated By Pathways That Respond To Environmental And Stress Conditions, Saman Najmi

All ETDs from UAB

Ribosome biogenesis is one of the most central processes to cellular growth and metabolism. The synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) by RNA polymerase I (Pol I) is thought to be rate limiting for ribosome biogenesis, and is therefore subject to extensive regulation. The work presented in this dissertation characterizes two previously undiscovered pathways regulating rRNA synthesis. Due to the direct connection between ribosome biogenesis (and rRNA synthesis) and cellular proliferative potential, Pol I activity is upregulated in cancers. Cancer cells are hypersensitive to inhibition of Pol I, a quality that makes Pol I an attractive target for anticancer therapeutics. The …

Erbb3 Signaling And Its Effect On Spheroid Formation In Ovarian Cancer, Muskan Bansal, Danielle Burke, Mara P. Steinkamp

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

ErbB3 is a receptor tyrosine kinase in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family. Like other family members, it has an extracellular ligand-binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular kinase domain. ErbB3 requires interactions with other receptors and dimerizes with ErbB2 and MET, to activate downstream signaling pathways. Mutations in the ErbB3 gene within the extracellular and kinase domains have been identified in many cancer types. To understand the impact of ErbB3 on cancer growth and metastasis, the human ovarian cancer cell line, OVCAR8, was used as a model. Parental OVCAR8 cells that express ErbB2 and ErbB3 were compared …

Mechanisms Of Trinucleotide Repeat Instability During Dna Synthesis, Kara Y. Chan

Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology

Genomic instability, in the form of gene mutations, insertions/deletions, and gene amplifications, is one of the hallmarks in many types of cancers and other inheritable genetic disorders. Trinucleotide repeat (TNR) disorders, such as Huntington’s disease (HD) and Myotonic dystrophy (DM) can be inherited and repeats may be extended through subsequent generations. However, it is not clear how the CAG repeats expand through generations in HD. Two possible repeat expansion mechanisms include: 1) polymerase mediated repeat extension; 2) persistent TNR hairpin structure formation persisting in the genome resulting in expansion after subsequent cell division. Recent in vitro studies suggested that a …

Novel Amphiphilic Cyclobutene And Cyclobutane Cis-C18 Fatty Acid Derivatives Inhibit Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis Growth, Denise K. Zinniel, Wantanee Sittiwong, Darrell D. Marshall, Govardhan Rathnaiah, Isin T. Sakallioglu, Robert Powers, Patrick H. Dussault, Raul G. Barletta

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) is the etiologic agent of Johne’s disease in ruminants and has been associated with Crohn’s disease in humans. An effective control of Map by either vaccines or chemoprophylaxis is a paramount need for veterinary and possibly human medicine. Given the importance of fatty acids in the biosynthesis of mycolic acids and the mycobacterial cell wall, we tested novel amphiphilic C₁₀ and C₁₈ cyclobutene and cyclobutane fatty acid derivatives for Map inhibition. Microdilution minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) with 5 or 7 week endpoints were measured in Middlebrook 7H9 base broth media. We compared the …

Investigation Of Congestive Heart Failure In Beef Cattle In A Feedyard At A Moderate Altitude In Western Nebraska, Rodney A. Moxley, David R. Smith, Dale M. Grotelueschen, Tom Edwards, David Steffen

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Right-sided congestive heart failure (brisket disease) commonly occurs in cattle raised at elevations >2,500– 3,500 m. We investigated clinical cases resembling brisket disease at a western Nebraska feedyard at a moderate altitude (1,369 m). Over a 15-mo period (2009–2010), we examined 17 cases (16 steers and 1 heifer), all purebred Angus. All animals had clinical right-sided heart failure: brisket and ventral abdominal edema, and severe chronic passive congestion of the liver. Gross examination confirmed right ventricular hypertrophy (left ventricle plus septum: right ventricle weight ratio mean: 1.33 vs. 2.8–4.0 reference interval). Microscopically, all 17 cases had interstitial fibrosis (mean score: …

Thymic Expression Of Il-4 And Il-15 After Systemic Inflammatory Or Infectious Th1 Disease Processes Induce The Acquisition Of"Innate" Characteristics During Cd8 + T Cell Development, Natalia S. Baez, Fabio Cerbán, Constanza Savid-Frontera, Deborah L. Hodge, Jimena Tosello, Eva Acosta-Rodriguez, Laura Almada, Adriana Gruppi, Maria Estefania Viano, Howard A. Young, Maria Cecilia Rodriguez-Galan

United States Public Health Resources

Innate CD8 + T cells express a memory-like phenotype and demonstrate a strong cytotoxic capacity that is critical during the early phase of the host response to certain bacterial and viral infections. These cells arise in the thymus and depend on IL-4 and IL-15 for their development. Even though innate CD8 + T cells exist in the thymus of WT mice in low numbers, they are highly enriched in KO mice that lack certain kinases, leading to an increase in IL-4 production by thymic NKT cells. Our work describes that in C57BL/6 WT mice undergoing a Th1 biased infectious disease, …

Ifn-Γ Stimulated Dental Follicle Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulate Activated Lymphocyte Response In Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients In Vitro, Noushin Zibandeh, Deni̇z Genç, Güzi̇de Nevsun İnanç, Rafi̇ Haner Di̇reskeneli̇, Tunç Akkoç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been investigated in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. In this study, their immunosuppressive effects on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of RA patients were studied.Materials and methods: Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) were isolated from follicle tissue in the orofacial region. Characterization and multipotency analyses were performed. Lymphocytes were isolated from peripheral venous blood of RA patients (n = 5) and healthy individuals (n = 5). DFSCs were preincubated with IFN-γ for 48 h. PBMCs of RA patients and healthy individuals were separately cultured …

Effect Of Early Media Multitasking On Behavioral Problems In School-Age Children, Pornchada Srisinghasongkram

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: Screen Media Multitasking (SMM) or exposure to at least 2 electronic screen media devices concurrently, is universally increasing nowadays. We have already known about the association between single media use and child’s behaviors. However, the effects of SMM on children’s behavioral problems were not elucidated, especially at an early age. Objective: To determine the associations between screen media multitasking during early childhood and behavioral problems in school-age children. Methods: Two hundred and ninety-one (47.4% boys) healthy children were enrolled since age 6 months and 259 participants were followed up until 6 years of age. SMM of participants were interviewed …

Factors Affecting Biofilm Formation In Oral Pathogenic Bacteria Of The Red Complex, Sidney Nechacov

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Periodontal disease, also known as periodontitis, is a dental disease that is estimated to affect 2.4 billion people worldwide. This disease is characterized by chronic inflammation and bleeding of gums, as well as loss of tooth bone density. Currently, treatments for the disease include dental surgeries and various types of antibiotics, but few are targeted specifically at the Red Complex bacteria which are strongly associated with chronic periodontitis. The Red Complex consists of three bacteria: Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola. Each of these bacteria, are anaerobic oral pathogens that reside in the subgingival pocket adjacent to …

The Stimulation Of Dendritic Cells By Cationic Lipids, John Peyton Bush

Theses and Dissertations--Medical Sciences

The discovery that cationic lipids can independently stimulate the immune system has generated interest in their potential as vaccine adjuvants. Here, we show that the cationic lipid R-DOTAP can independently stimulate type 1 interferon production in dendritic cells in both primary culture and immortalized cell culture. Levels of type 1 interferon production are cell line-dependent and limited in vitro by lipid-induced cell death. We show that cationic lipids can independently activate TLR-7 and TLR-9, suggesting a mechanism for type 1 interferon induction. This TLR-stimulatory activity is not restricted to R-DOTAP and can be extended to other similar cationic lipids in …

Toward An Enzyme-Coupled, Bioorthogonal Platform For Methyltransferases: Probing The Specificity Of Methionine Adenosyltransferases, Tyler D. Huber

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Methyl group transfer from S-adenosyl-l-methionine (AdoMet) to various substrates including DNA, proteins, and natural products (NPs), is accomplished by methyltransferases (MTs). Analogs of AdoMet, bearing an alternative S-alkyl group can be exploited, in the context of an array of wild-type MT-catalyzed reactions, to differentially alkylate DNA, proteins, and NPs. This technology provides a means to elucidate MT targets by the MT-mediated installation of chemoselective handles from AdoMet analogs to biologically relevant molecules and affords researchers a fresh route to diversify NP scaffolds by permitting the differential alkylation of chemical sites vulnerable to NP MTs that are unreactive to …

Pathological Tau As A Cause, And Consequence, Of Cellular Dysfunction, Shelby Meier

Theses and Dissertations--Physiology

Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the abnormal deposition of the protein tau, a microtubule stabilizing protein. Under normal physiological conditions tau is a highly soluble protein that is not prone to aggregation. In disease states alterations to tau lead to enhanced fibril formation and aggregation, eventually forming neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). The exact cause for NFT deposition is unknown, but increased post-translational modifications and mutations to the tau gene can increase tangle formation.

Tauopathic brains are stuck in a detrimental cycle, with cellular dysfunction contributing to the development of tau pathology and the development of tau pathology …

Codon-Specific Translation By M1g37 Methylation Of Trna, Ya-Ming Hou, Isao Masuda, Howard Gamper

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Although the genetic code is degenerate, synonymous codons for the same amino acid are not translated equally. Codon-specific translation is important for controlling gene expression and determining the proteome of a cell. At the molecular level, codon-specific translation is regulated by post-transcriptional epigenetic modifications of tRNA primarily at the wobble position 34 and at position 37 on the 3′-side of the anticodon. Modifications at these positions determine the quality of codon-anticodon pairing and the speed of translation on the ribosome. Different modifications operate in distinct mechanisms of codon-specific translation, generating a diversity of regulation that is previously unanticipated. Here we …

St6gal-I Mediated Sialylation Promotes Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Progression And Chemoresistance, Asmi Chakraborty

All ETDs from UAB

ST6Gal-I adds α2-6 sialic acids to select N-glycosylated cell surface receptors, thereby modulating receptor function and intracellular signaling. ST6Gal-I is upregulated in various carcinomas and confers cancer stem cell (CSC) properties evidenced by tumorspheroid growth, chemoresistance and tumor initiating potential. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), ST6Gal-I conferred gemcitabine resistance by abrogating DNA damage and altering expression levels of gemcitabine metabolism genes. Further, ST6Gal-I promoted resistance to chronic gemcitabine treatment. Additionally, metastatic clones of a PDAC cell line had increased ST6Gal-I expression and ST6Gal-I knockdown enhanced gemcitabine sensitivity. To investigate the physiological consequences of ST6Gal-I in PDAC, murine models were used. …

Nanostructured Materials For Food Applications: Spectroscopy, Microscopy And Physical Properties, Shubham Sharma, Swana Jaiswal, Brendan Duffy, Amit Jaiswal

Articles

Nanotechnology deals with the matter of atomic or molecular scale. Other factors that define the character of a nanoparticle are its physical and chemical properties, such as surface area, surface charge, hydrophobicity of the surface, the thermal stability of the nanoparticle, and its antimicrobial activity. A nanoparticle is usually characterized by using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. Microscopic techniques are used to characterize the size, shape, and location of the nanoparticle by producing an image of the individual nanoparticle. Several techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy/high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM/HRTEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning …

Benefits Of Hpv Vaccination In Adolescent Males, Budd Theriot

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States, affecting approximately 75-80% of young adults at some point in their lives, and it is also known to be directly related to several forms of cancer including cervical, vaginal, penile, anal, oral, and oropharyngeal cancer. Vaccination against several high-risk strains of HPV first became available in the U.S. in June of 2006 and has been proven to be effective in creating antibodies against several strains of high-risk HPV, potentially decreasing and preventing more than 30,000 new cases of HPV related cancers each year. Despite this fact, HPV vaccination …

Relationship Between The Earlobe Crease And Brain White Matter Abnormalities In Apparently Healthy Subjects*, Hati̇ce Ayça Ata Korkmaz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: In the present study we aimed to investigate whether the earlobe crease (ELC) might provide predictive information about white matter intensities (WMIs) in the brain that reflect brain aging.Materials and methods: A total of 350 individuals examined from January 2016 to July 2016 were screened. Patients with known demyelinating white matter disease, neurodegenerative disorders, cerebrovascular event history, or brain tumors were excluded from the study. Finally, 285 cases were included in the study. The four-point cerebral intensity classification system of Fazekas was used in the evaluation of the brain. The ELC was evaluated by inspection.Results: A total of 285 …

Assessment Of Cardiac And Vessel Functions In Childhood Psoriasis, Berna Şaylan Çevi̇k, Fi̇gen Akalin, Eli̇f Erolu, Di̇lek Seçki̇n Gençosmanoğlu, Safi̇ye Atlas Tüli̇n Ergun

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease. The effect of psoriasis on the cardiovascular system has not been studied in children before. We studied ventricular strain and vascular functions to assess early cardiovascular effects of psoriasis during childhood. Materials and methods: The study population consisted of 20 psoriatic and 20 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Two-dimensional echocardiography images, longitudinal and global strain, and carotid and brachial ultrasound studies were performed. Results: The mean age of psoriatic children was 14 ± 0.89 years and that of the controls was 14.05 ± 0.88. There were significant increases in terms of interventricular septum …

Analyzing The Effect Of Laparoscopy Duration Time On Peroperative Gastroesophageal Reflux, Gökhan Berktuğ Bahadir, Hakan Taşkinlar, Caner İsbi̇r, İsa Killi, Di̇lek Yünlüel, Ülkü Çömelekoğlu, Ali̇ Nayci

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Intraabdominal pressure (IAP) is one of the main reasons for gastroesophageal reflux (GER). This study investigates whether IAP during laparoscopic surgery leads to GER in a time-dependent manner.Materials and methods: In a laparoscopy model, 15 mmHg IAP was created in 8 Wistar albino rats in the Trendelenburg position (TP). A 5 mm laparotomy was performed in the left lower abdominal region, and a 6 Fr catheter was placed intraabdominally. Air was insufflated into the abdominal cavity, and the pressure was kept constant at 15 mmHg. Esophageal pH alterations were measured by pH sticks for 4 h every 30 min.Results: …

Use Of Traditional And Complementary Medicine For Musculoskeletal Diseases, Güli̇s Kavadar, Sali̇ha Eroğlu Demi̇r, Ebru Ayteki̇n, Yildiz Akbal

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: We aimedto determine the prevalence of traditional and complementary medicine (TCM) use among patients with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and to examine the methods used, frequency, and experienced benefits of therapies; the reasons for using TCM; and the sources of information about therapies. We also compared demographic characteristics of users and nonusers of TCM.Materials and methods: The descriptive study was conducted with 839 patients who attended the physical therapy and rehabilitation units of 3 public hospitals between September 2014 and March 2015. A self-administered questionnaire including demographic characteristics, medical history, and details of TCM use was applied. Results: Of the …

The Relationship Between Patellofemoral Arthritis And Fat Tissue Volume, Body Mass Index And Popliteal Artery Intima-Media Thickness Through 3t Knee Mri, Mehmet Kurt, Ali̇ Yusuf Öner, Murat Uçar, Seda Aladağ Kurt

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Evaluating the relationship of patellar chondromalacia with obesity, infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) volume and popliteal artery intima-media thickness (IMT).Materials and methods: A total of203 patients with different degree of patellar chondromalacia (103 male, 100 female) and 52 control subjects (19 male, 33 female) were included and grouped according to sex, age, body surface area (BSA), body mass index (BMI) and patellar chondromalacia classification. All measurements were completed with 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Articular cartilage and IFP volume were measured in saggital plane using double echo steady state (DESS) and DIXON sequences, respectively. Patellar cartilage damage was graded using …

Effect Of Parathyroidectomy On Epicardial Fat Thickness As A Cardiovascular Risk Factor In Patients With Primary Hyperparathyroidism, Muhammed Kizilgül, Mustafa Çalişkan, Selvi̇han Beysel, Mustafa Özbek, Erman Çakal

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Several studies demonstrated that primary hyperparathyroidism is related to increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and risk is decreased by parathyroidectomy. Epicardial fat thickness (EFT) has been postulated as a new marker of CVD risk. We evaluated the impact of parathyroidectomy on EFT in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).Materials and methods: Thirty-four PHPT patients (29 female, 5 male) and 28 age- and sex-matched controls (19 female, 9 male) were included in the study. Demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical data were recorded both before parathyroidectomy and 6 months after the procedure. Epicardial fat thickness was measured by transthoracic echocardiography.Results: Mean age …

A Systems Thinking Approach For Eliciting Mental Models From Visual Boundary Objects In Hydropolitical Contexts: A Case Study From The Pilcomayo River Basin, Riveraine S. Walters, Erin S. Kenzie, Alexander E. Metzger, William Jesse Baltutis, Kakali B. Chakrabarti, Shana Lee Hirsch, Bethany Laursen

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

Transboundary collaborations related to international freshwater are critical for ensuring equitable, efficient, and sustainable shared access to our planet’s most fundamental resources. Visual artifacts, such as knowledge maps, functioning as boundary objects, are used in hydropolitical contexts to convey understandings and facilitate discussion across scales about challenges and opportunities from multiple perspectives. Such focal points for discussion are valuable in creating shared, socially negotiated priorities and integrating diverse and often disparate cultural perspectives that naturally exist in the context of international transboundary water resources. Visual boundary objects can also represent the collective mental models of the actor countries and transboundary …

การใช้แบบประเมินสโตรก ริสโกมิเตอร์ ในการพยากรณ์การหนาตัวผิดปกติของผนังหลอดเลือดแดงอินเทอร์นอลคาโรติดจากหลอดเลือดแดงแข็ง ซึ่งตรวจพบโดยการตรวจด้วยคลื่นเสียงความถี่สูงในกลุ่มประชากรไทยที่มีอายุมากกว่า 45 ปี ที่ไม่เคยมีอาการและไม่เคยได้รับการวินิจฉัยว่าเป็นโรคหลอดเลือดสมอง, ธีรภาพ กิจจาวิจิตร

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การใช้แบบประเมินสโตรค ริสโกมิเตอร์ ในการพยากรณ์การหนาตัวผิดปกติของผนังหลอดเลือดแดงอิน เทอร์นอลคาโรติดจากหลอดเลือดแดงแข็ง ซึ่งตรวจพบโดยการตรวจด้วยคลื่นเสียงความถี่สูงในกลุ่มประชากรไทยที่มีอายุมากกว่า 45 ปี ที่ไม่เคยมีอาการและไม่เคยได้รับการวินิจฉัยว่าเป็นโรคหลอดเลือดสมอง ที่มาของการศึกษา การประยุกต์ใช้แบบประเมินความเสี่ยงโดยใช้แบบประเมินสโตรกริสโกมิเตอร์ (stroke riskometer) แทนการตรวจการหนาตัวผิดปกติของผนังหลอดเลือดแดงอินเทอร์นอลคาโรติดจากหลอดเลือดแดงแข็งจากการตรวจด้วยการตรวจคลื่นความถี่สูง วัตถุประสงค์ เพื่อศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ของการหนาตัวผิดปกติของผนังหลอดเลือดแดงอินเทอร์นอลคาโรติดจากหลอดเลือดแดงแข็งจากการตรวจด้วยการตรวจคลื่นความถี่สูง กับความเสี่ยงที่ประเมินได้จากแบบประเมินสโตรกริสโกมิเตอร์ (stroke riskometer) วิธีการวิจัย การศึกษาเชิงวิเคราะห์แบบตัดขวางในอาสาสมัครไทย อายุมากกว่า 45 ปี ที่ไม่เคยมีอาการและไม่เคยได้รับการวินิจฉัยโรคหลอดเลือดสมองมาก่อน โดยแบ่งเป็นกลุ่มที่มีความเสี่ยงสูงมีระดับความเสี่ยงในการเกิดโรคหลอดเลือดสมองขาดเลือดใน 10 ปี มากกว่าหรือเท่ากับร้อยละ 10 และกลุ่มที่มีความเสี่ยงต่ำ ความเสี่ยงน้อยกว่าร้อยละ 10 ทั้งสองกลุ่มจะได้ตรวจคลื่นความถี่สูงบริเวณหลอดเลือดแดงคาโรติดเพื่อประเมินการหนาตัวผิดปกติของผนังหลอดเลือดแดงอินเทอร์นอลคาโรติดจากหลอดเลือดแดงแข็ง ผลการศึกษา อาสาสมัครทั้งหมด 169 ราย แบ่งเป็นกลุ่มความเสี่ยงสูง 87 ราย กลุ่มความเสี่ยงต่ำ 82 ราย พบการหนาตัวผิดปกติของผนังหลอดเลือดแดงอินเทอร์นอลคาโรติดจากหลอดเลือดแดงแข็งร้อยละ 52.1 กลุ่มความเสี่ยงสูงพบร้อยละ 86.4 ต่างจากกลุ่มความเสี่ยงต่ำซึ่งพบร้อยละ 14.8 อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ โดยกลุ่มความเสี่ยงสูงมีปัจจัย อายุ สูบบุหรี่ ความดันโลหิตสูงและได้รับยาลดความดันโลหิต โรคเบาหวาน มีประวัติกล้ามเนื้อหัวใจขาดเลือด หัวใจเต้นผิดจังหวะ กล้ามเนื้อหัวใจโต และมีปัญหาเรื่องความจำ หลังใช้สถิติการวิเคราะห์พหุตัวแปรพบว่า โรคเบาหวาน ภาวะความดันโลหิตสูงและได้รับยาลดความดันโลหิต หัวใจห้องล่างซ้ายโต การสูบบุหรี่ และความจำบกพร่อง มีความสัมพันธ์กับการตรวจพบการหนาตัวผิดปกติของผนังหลอดเลือดแดงอินเทอร์นอลคาโรติดจากหลอดเลือดแดงแข็ง โดยการใช้ค่าความเสี่ยงที่มากกว่าหรือเท่ากับร้อยละ 10 ใน 10 ปี มีความไว (sensitivity) ร้อยละ 86.36 และ ความจำเพาะ (specificity) อยู่ที่ร้อยละ 85.1 ในการทำนายการตรวจพบการหนาตัวผิดปกติของผนังหลอดเลือดอินเทอร์นอลคาโรติดจากหลอดเลือดแดงแข็ง สรุป การใช้แบบประเมินสโตรค ริสโกมิเตอร์ (stroke riskometer) สามารถนำมาใช้ในการทำนายการตรวจพบการหนาตัวผิดปกติของผนังหลอดเลือดแดงอินเทอร์นอลคาโรติดจากหลอดเลือดแดงแข็งได้

Alternative Splicing In Vertebrate Photoreceptors And Mechanisms Underlying Retinitis Pigmentosa, Jesse C. Sundar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) have emerged as important regulators of gene expression. RBPs typically contain RNA binding domains that recognize a specific sequence and/or structural motifs within the RNA. This allows them to modulate metabolism of RNAs in several possible ways including regulation of alternative splicing and processing, polyadenylation, translocation, localization, modification, stability, or translation. Previous studies have shown the Musashi (MSI) RBP family to be highly expressed in the retina, and more specifically, photoreceptors, but the importance of this expression remains largely unknown. We identified the MSI proteins as potential regulators of alternative exon splicing in murine photoreceptors. We …

Leucine Supplementation In Cuprizone-Induced Oligodendrocyte Toxicity, Michael Ley

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Cuprizone is a copper chelator that induces demyelination in the central nervous system when fed to mice. This compound is thought to target Complex IV and disrupt mitochondrial metabolism leading to loss of myelin-producing oligodendrocytes. In this proposal, we further examine the chemical and toxicological properties of cuprizone. Immunofluorescence imaging and microarray data on MO3.13 cells treated with cuprizone revealed the possibility of alterations in lysosomal function, as well as mitochondrial disruption via mTOR and Electron Transport Chain (ETC) related pathways. Cell viability assays conducted suggest that addition of Branched-Chain Amino Acids, most commonly used from literature, leucine, can increase …