Digital Commons Network^™

Automated Mycoplasma Genitalium Molecular Macrolide Resistance Detection And Nucleic Acid Target Semi-Quantitation: Patient Demographic Considerations, Josephine Moore, Trinity Krueger, Amanda Zapp, Stephen C Lavey, Kimber L Munson, Irene A Stafford, Michael E Newcomb, Brian Mustanski, Erik Munson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Recent work has optimized parameters of a real-time reverse transcriptase PCR-based laboratory-developed test on the Panther Fusion system which detects Mycoplasma genitalium-specific macrolide resistance-associated mutations LDT (MRM-LDT) from primary swab and urine specimens. In this study, MRM-LDT was applied to a large multi-demographic study set to further characterize M. genitalium resistance in the United States. A total of 2,145 primary clinical specimens testing positive for M. genitalium 16S rRNA by transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) were initially titered by the same assay using serial 10-fold dilutions to determine relative target nucleic acid burden. Specimens were then processed for MRM-LDT. Findings were stratified …

Encephalitis In Immunocompromised Vs Immunocompetent Patients: A Comparative Study, Anna Kolchinski, Margaret Li, Ralph Habis, Paris Bean, Ashley N Heck, John C Probasco, Rodrigo Hasbun, Arun Venkatesan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Encephalitis is characterized by brain parenchymal inflammation caused by infection or autoimmunity. There are limited recent data on how immunocompromised patients with encephalitis differ from the general encephalitis population.

Methods: This retrospective study of 2 large medical institutions compares clinical characteristics and outcomes of immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients with all-cause encephalitis.

Results: Of the 657 patients, 151 (23%) were immunocompromised. Immunocompromised patients were more likely to have an infectious etiology, comorbidities, inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profile, abnormal neuroimaging, and worse clinical outcomes as assessed by discharge Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and in-hospital mortality (all P < .05). The most commonly identified etiologies in immunocompromised patients were herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus. HSV accounted for similar proportions in the immunocompromised (18%) and immunocompetent (14%) groups, though it was more commonly associated with a CSF neutrophilia in the immunocompromised group (P = .001). Strikingly, …

Evolving Hemodynamics In Fontan Circulation: Age-Driven Insights In Patients With Interrupted Inferior Vena Cava And Hepatoazygos Shunt, Vikas Kannojiya, Akshita Sahni, Emily Eickhoff, Neha Zacharia, Nicole St Clair, Noah Schulz, Peter E Hammer, Pedro J Del Nido, Rahul H Rathod, David M Hoganson, Vijay Govindarajan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Patients with interrupted inferior vena cava (I-IVC) and azygos continuation who undergo Fontan completion via hepatoazygos shunting exhibit unique hemodynamic challenges. This study evaluates age-related shifts in systemic venous return dominance, hepatic flow distribution (HFD), power loss (PL), and flow disturbances using patient-specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Data analysis from 95 patients with I-IVC showed a nonlinear shift in upper-to-lower body systemic flow dominance with ratios of 2, 1, and 0.5 (correlating to ages ∼3, ∼10, and ∼20, respectively). CFD simulations for 17 selected patients revealed a trend of increasing HFD toward the right pulmonary artery, with median splits of …

Prevalence, Treatment Patterns, Burden, And Factors Related To Treatment Failure With Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor In Adults With Type 2 Diabetes In The United States, Xi Tan, Yiwen Cao, Yan Wang, Joanna Boland, Mico Guevarra, Lin Xie, Yan Song, Min Ji Kwak

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aims: To evaluate treatment failure of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and assess associated risk factors and clinical and economic outcomes in the real-world setting.

Methods: Adults with T2D who initiated SGLT2i were selected from the Komodo's Healthcare Map, an administrative claims database (2016-2024). Treatment failure was defined as discontinuation, add-on/switching, or uncontrolled glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) without action. Risk factors, treatment patterns, and clinical and economic burden were assessed.

Results: Among 237,295 eligible adults, the overall rate of treatment failure with SGLT2i was 77.3 %, with a median time to failure of 9.14 …

Empirical Tuberculosis Treatment In Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv)-Associated Fever Of Unknown Origin: A Case-Based Rationale, Matthew Antonioli, Samantha H Antonioli, Gabriel M Aisenberg

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Fever of unknown origin (FUO) in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) is clinically defined as recurrent fever lasting more than four weeks in the outpatient setting or more than three days during hospitalization, despite a thorough diagnostic evaluation. This evaluation typically includes a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, imaging studies (such as chest radiography), and an extensive range of laboratory tests, including complete blood counts, blood and urine cultures, and metabolic panels. Among the many possible causes, tuberculosis (TB) stands out as a leading concern, given its disproportionate burden in PLHIV. However, whether to initiate empirical anti-tubercular therapy …

Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Is A Feasible Option For Patients With Pregnancy-Associated Diagnoses Who Require Mechanical Circulatory Support, Trishna Parikh, Sabiha Armin, Saad Afzal Khan, Adishwar Rao, Akriti Agrawal, Dev Patel, Bindu Akkanti

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is used in patients with cardiopulmonary collapse, but data regarding its use in pregnancy is limited. We aimed to identify the clinical characteristics and predictors of in-hospital mortality in female patients requiring VA-ECMO, including evaluating the role of pregnancy.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a cohort of female patients aged 19-45 years who required VA-ECMO were identified from the National Inpatient Sample from 2018 to 2021 and further stratified according to presence of pregnancy-associated diagnoses. Baseline characteristics were compared using Pearson chi-square test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Multivariate …

Ten Practical Tips For A Successful Presentation At An Infectious Disease Clinical Case Conference, Takahiro Matsuo, Pablo C Okhuysen, Ben J Barnett

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This mini-review provides 10 practical tips for infectious disease trainees presenting at clinical case conferences. These tips, grounded in principles from education theory, aim to enhance the effectiveness of case presentations.

An Ectopic Pancreatic Mass Inducing Gastric Outlet Obstruction, Rohan Ahuja, Samir Mehta, Nakia Armendariz, Jimmy Q Pham, Madhav Desai

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is a clinical diagnosis characterized by early satiety, abdominal pain, post-prandial vomiting, and weight loss. Here, we present a rare case of an ectopic pancreatic cyst inducing GOO, highlighting the importance of a thorough diagnostic workup. A 40-year-old man with no prior medical or surgical history presented with a six-month history of intermittent epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting with an inability to tolerate oral intake for a week. CT of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a 4.5 × 3.0 × 2.9 cm, well-circumscribed, peripherally enhancing cystic lesion in the distal pylorus. Initial esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed an …

Exploring Differential Impacts Of A Parent Intervention On Reading And Toy Play Across Ethnic And Linguistic Groups, Sarah Surrain, Susan H. Landry, Tricia A. Zucker, Yoonkyung Ch

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The ways that parents respond to their children’s initiations and guide their learning are associated with subsequent language development. Responsive parenting interventions have shown positive impacts on parent behaviors and child outcomes. However, less is known about how intervention effects vary for families from different linguistic and ethnic backgrounds. This secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial of Play and Learning Strategies examines the effect of the intervention for three subgroups: Spanish-dominant Latine families (n = 142), English-dominant Latine families (n = 112), and non-Latine families (n = 137). Parents of preschool-aged children (M age = …

Assessment Of Complement Cascade Components In Patients With Major Depressive Disorder, Brandi Quintanilla, Dede Greenstein, Ashutosh Tripathi, Alona Bartosh, Peixiong Yuan, Carlos A Zarate, Anilkumar Pillai

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Recent evidence suggests that the rapid-acting antidepressant ketamine has immune regulatory functions. The complement system is an important component of the innate immune response and plays a key role in synaptic plasticity. An increase in complement component 3 (C3) expression was previously found in the prefrontal cortex of individuals with depression. Given the complement system's role in depression and ketamine's potential anti-inflammatory properties, there is reason to suspect overlap between the complement system and ketamine's mechanism of action. This post-hoc study analyzed data from 39 individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 25 healthy volunteers who previously participated in a …

Chronic Pain Is Associated With Greater Brain Entropy In The Prefrontal Cortex, Gianpaolo Del Mauro, Yiran Li, Jiaao Yu, Peter Kochunov, Landrew Samuel Sevel, Jeff Boissoneault, Shuo Chen, Ze Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Chronic pain is a debilitating clinical condition and a severe public health issue that demands to be addressed. Neuroimaging-based techniques have been widely adopted to investigate the neural underpinnings of chronic pain. Despite the efforts the complex nature of pain experience as well as the heterogeneity of chronic pain have made the identification of neuroimaging-based biomarkers extremely challenging. In this study, resting-state fMRI-based brain entropy, a measure reflecting the "irregularity" of brain activity, was adopted as a biomarker of chronic pain by comparing individuals with chronic pain and healthy controls in a sample of middle-to-old-age participants (n > 30,000) drawn from …

Definition And Classification Of Dystonia, Alberto Albanese, Kailash P Bhatia, Victor S C Fung, Mark Hallett, Joseph Jankovic, Christine Klein, Joachim K Krauss, Anthony E Lang, Jonathan W Mink, Sanjay Pandey, Jan K Teller, Marina A J Tijssen, Marie Vidailhet, H A Jinnah

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Dystonia is a movement disorder with varied clinical features and diverse etiologies. Here we present a revision of the 2013 consensus definition and classification of dystonia in light of subsequent publications and experience with its application during the last decade. A panel of movement disorder specialists with expertise in dystonia reviewed the original document and proposed some revision. There was broad consensus to retain the definition of dystonia with only minor clarifications to the wording. Dystonia is defined as a movement disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent abnormal movements, postures, or both. Dystonic movements and postures are typically patterned and …

A Lysosomal Surveillance Response To Stress Extends Healthspan, Terytty Yang Li, Arwen W Gao, Rendan Yang, Yu Sun, Yuxuan Lei, Xiaoxu Li, Lin Chen, Yasmine J Liu, Rachel N Arey, Kimberly Morales, Raya B Liu, Wenzheng Wang, Ang Zhou, Tong-Jin Zhao, Weisha Li, Amélia Lalou, Qi Wang, Tanes Lima, Riekelt H Houtkooper, Johan Auwerx

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Lysosomes are cytoplasmic organelles central for the degradation of macromolecules to maintain cellular homoeostasis and health. However, how lysosomal activity can be boosted to counteract ageing and ageing-related diseases remains elusive. Here we reveal that silencing specific vacuolar H+-ATPase subunits (for example, vha-6), which are essential for intestinal lumen acidification in Caenorhabditis elegans, extends lifespan by ~60%. This longevity phenotype can be explained by an adaptive transcriptional response typified by induction of a set of transcripts involved in lysosomal function and proteolysis, which we termed the lysosomal surveillance response (LySR). LySR activation is characterized by boosted lysosomal activity …

Military Inhalational Exposures Outside The Theater Of Conflict And Chronic Respiratory Symptoms, Reza Hosseini, Eric Garshick, Martin D Slade, Andrew Timmons, Anna M Korpak, Nicholas L Smith, Karen S Nakayama, Coleen P Baird, Paul Ciminera, Farrah Kheradmand, Vincent S Fan, Jaime E Hart, Petros Koutrakis, Ware Glenn Kuschner, Octavian C Ioachimescu, Michael Jerrett, Philippe R Montgrain, Susan P Proctor, Christine H Wendt, Cherry Wongtrakool, Emily S Wan, Paul D Blanc, Carrie A Redlich

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Importance: Deployment to Afghanistan and Southwest Asia has been associated with adverse respiratory health outcomes. However, the impact of inhalational exposures (eg, vapor, dust, gas, fumes), which are known correlates of reduced lung function and future chronic lung disease, during military service time outside this deployment period has not been assessed.

Objective: To assess military inhalational exposures during nonwartime routine activities and their associations with chronic respiratory symptoms.

Design, setting, and participants: This cross-sectional study used data from the US Department of Veterans Affairs Service and Health Among Deployed Veterans study. US veterans who served between October 7, 2001, and …

Figo Position Statement: Gamete Donations, Laurie Henry, Aris Antsaklis, Dov Feldberg, Jaideep Malhotra, Suchitra Pandit, Carlos Salazar, Alex Vidaeff, Rafal Zadykowicz, M Louise Hull, Nikhil Purandare

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Gamete donation has become a crucial part of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs), providing hope to individuals, including those who may have no other option for parenthood. This process comes with a wide range of ethical, medical, and legal challenges that need to be carefully addressed to protect the well-being and rights of all parties involved: donors, recipients, and offspring. Navigating these complexities requires strict ethical standards, robust regulatory frameworks, and international collaboration. By standardizing these, the field of gamete donation can continue to develop while ensuring that all parties are well informed and safeguarded. This paper explores the ethical concerns …

Microbial Biosensor For Sensing And Treatment Of Intestinal Inflammation, Duolong Zhu, Jeffrey Galley, Jason Pizzini, Elena Musteata, Martin V Douglas, Walter J Chazin, Eric P Skaar, Jeffrey J Tabor, Robert A Britton

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Synthetic biology has enabled the development of biosensors to detect intestinal inflammation, yet few target the clinically validated biomarker of intestinal inflammation calprotectin with both diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. Here, an optimized calprotectin biosensor is presented that leverages a zinc uptake regulator (Zur) controlled promoter coupled with a memory circuit to detect and record intestinal inflammation in vivo. The level of biosensor activation strongly correlates with calprotectin levels in the colon of two independent mouse models of colitis. Coupling of the biosensor with the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 allowed for the resolution of chemically induced colitis, demonstrating the …

Unfolding The Mystery Of Autoimmunity: The Environmental Determinants Of Diabetes In The Young (Teddy) Study, Marian Rewers, Daniel Agardh, Suzanne Bennett Johnson, Ezio Bonifacio, Helena Elding Larsson, Patricia Gesualdo, William Hagopian, Michael J Haller, Heikki Hyöty, Randi Johnson, Richard Mcindoe, Eoin Mckinney, Jessica Melin, Åke Lernmark, Richard E Lloyd, Kristian F Lynch, Jill M Norris, Stephen S Rich, Roswith Roth, Desmond Schatz, Jorma Toppari, Eric Triplett, Kendra Vehik, Suvi M Virtanen, Anette-G Ziegler, Beena Akolkar, Jeffrey P Krischer, Teddy Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In 2025, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) at the National Institutes of Health celebrates 75 years of leadership in diabetes research. The NIDDK serves people of the U.S. affected by or at risk for many chronic diseases, including diabetes and other endocrine, metabolic, and digestive disorders, by funding innovative research to develop better treatment and prevention and a cure for these conditions. Autoimmunity that leads to type 1 diabetes or celiac disease or thyroid autoimmunity affects 1 in 20 children and adolescents in the U.S. While treatments are available, prevention of these common autoimmune …

Inhibition Of The Gsk3Β/Nav16 Complex Suppresses Early-Stage Alzheimer’S Hyperexcitability, Timothy John Baumgartner, Manuel Silva-Pérez, Zahra Haghighijoo, Nolan Michael Dvorak, Aditya Kumar Singh, Nana Aboadwe Goode, Jully Singh, Berenice Gutierrez Grebenkova, Mate Marosi, Jessica Di Re, Leandra Koff, Wissarut Wijitrmektong, Manu Bala, Hanyue Liao, Marijn Lijffijt, Adam Thomas Szafran, Michael James Bolt, Michael A Mancini, Gregory D Cuny, Diana Shu-Lian Chow, Agenor Limon, Jeannie Chin, Fernanda Laezza

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: Network hyperexcitability (NH) is observed in patients with early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD), emerging decades before cognitive decline. A key molecular determinant of NH is voltage-gated Na+ channel 1.6 (Nav1.6), which mediates action potential firing in CA1 hippocampal neurons. Ameliorating NH through inhibition of the glycogen-synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β/Nav1.6 complex may provide immediate benefits to cognition and memory and slow AD progression.

Methods: Hight-throughput virtual screening and multiple in vitro biological assays were utilized to identify compound 1063. Patch-clamp electrophysiology and electroencephalogram recordings were utilized to functionally assess 1063 in models of AD neuropathology.

Results: Building on previous studies identifying …

Decoding Metastatic Microenvironments Through Single-Cell Omics Reveals New Insights Into Niche Dynamics And Tumor Evolution, Fengshuo Liu, Xiang H-F Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Metastasis is the predominant cause of cancer mortality, primarily driven by complex tumor-host interactions within specialized metastatic niches. Recent advances in single-cell technologies have provided unprecedented insights into metastatic niche formation, evolution and function, including how primary tumors precondition distant organs for metastases and how disseminated tumor cells dynamically interact with host cells to modulate their environments. Integrated single-cell studies across multiple cancer types have also revealed divergent and convergent metastatic adaptation strategies. These findings collectively highlight metastasis as a dynamic, cooperative process shaped by intricate tumor-host interactions, and provide a foundation for novel therapeutic strategies targeting components of the …

Association Of Statin Use On Survival Outcomes Of Patients With Early-Stage Her2-Positive Breast Cancer In The Aphinity Trial, Christian Maurer, Elisa Agostinetto, Lieveke Ameye, Matteo Lambertini, Samuel Martel, Noam Ponde, Mariana Brandão, Francesca Poggio, Arlindo Ferreira, Rachel Schiff, Carmine De Angelis, Richard D Gelber, Susan Dent, Christoph Thomssen, Martine Piccart, Evandro De Azambuja

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: There is evidence that statins might improve the outcome of patients with breast cancer. The role of statins in patients with early HER2-positive breast cancer is unknown. Therefore, we explored the association between statin use and survival outcomes in early HER2-positive breast cancer patients in the phase III APHINITY trial (adjuvant pertuzumab/trastuzumab).

Methods: All patients (intent-to-treat population, n = 4804) were included (6.2 years median follow-up database). The primary objective was to investigate the association of statin use on invasive disease-free survival (IDFS), distant relapse-free interval (DRFI), and overall survival (OS). Patients who received statins at baseline, or started …

Deficits In Mitochondrial Dynamics And Iron Balance Result In Templated Insertions, Jordan Fox, Yang Yu, Yang Yu, Pilendra Thakre, Chloe Fox, Qian Li, Yunxia Wang, Adam Hughes, Xin Wang, Kaifu Chen, Grzegorz Ira

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Mitochondrial membrane dynamics control the shape, number, and distribution of mitochondria and regulate energy production and cell health. In a screen for yeast mutants with increased levels of templated insertions (~10-1000 bp) in the nuclear genome, we identified mitochondrial fusion deficient mutants (mgm1Δ, ugo1Δ, fzo1Δ). We found that fusion mutants activate the iron regulon, have decreased iron-sulfur clusters (ISCs), and increased DNA damage, suggesting a role of iron homeostasis in preventing insertions. Consistently, a secondary screen found mutants affecting iron-sulfur cluster production (yfh1Δ, grx5Δ), vacuolar iron storage (ccc1Δ) or general iron homeostasis (aft1Δ) to exhibit high insertion levels. Treatment with …

Comprehensive Genome Analysis And Variant Detection At Scale Using Dragen, Sairam Behera, Severine Catreux, Massimiliano Rossi, Sean Truong, Zhuoyi Huang, Michael Ruehle, Arun Visvanath, Gavin Parnaby, Cooper Roddey, Vitor Onuchic, Andrea Finocchio, Daniel L Cameron, Adam English, Shyamal Mehtalia, James Han, Rami Mehio, Fritz J Sedlazeck

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Research and medical genomics require comprehensive, scalable methods for the discovery of novel disease targets, evolutionary drivers and genetic markers with clinical significance. This necessitates a framework to identify all types of variants independent of their size or location. Here we present DRAGEN, which uses multigenome mapping with pangenome references, hardware acceleration and machine learning-based variant detection to provide insights into individual genomes, with ~30 min of computation time from raw reads to variant detection. DRAGEN outperforms current state-of-the-art methods in speed and accuracy across all variant types (single-nucleotide variations, insertions or deletions, short tandem repeats, structural variations and copy …

A Hypomorphic Model Of Cps1 Deficiency For Investigating The Effects Of Hyperammonemia On The Developing Nervous System, Stuti Bakshi, Taryn Diep, Brandon J Willis, Rachel Reyes, Grace F Wu, Georgios Makris, Martin Poms, Isabel Day, Qin Sun, Irina Zhuravka, Lindsay Lueptow, Michelle Tang, Gareth A Cromie, Aimée M Dudley, Johannes Häberle, Gerald S Lipshutz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) deficiency is a rare metabolic disorder that, in neonatal onset, is typically characterized by severe life-threatening and neurologically injuring hyperammonemic episodes with high unmet patient need. Patients that retain limited enzyme activity may present later in life with less severe hyperammonemia. CPS1 drives the first step in the urea cycle, the pathway terrestrial mammals utilize to metabolize nitrogen. In order to probe the effect of hyperammonemia on the developing nervous system and explore new therapies, a murine Cps1 exon 3-4 mutant was previously generated. However, these mice die within 24 h of birth, limiting study …

Baseline Cognition And Demographic, Lifestyle, And Cardiovascular Risk Factors In Us Pointer, Kathryn V Papp, Sarah Tomaszewski Farias, Marjorie Howard, Amber Thro, Tiia Ngandu, Brad Caudle, Bonnie C Sachs, Michelle Chan, Kristin R Krueger, Elizabeth R T Hartman, Athene Lee, Michele K York, Marie T Austin, Kathryn E Demos, Thomas M Holland, Xiaoyan Leng, Rema Raman, Heather M Snyder, Maria C Carrillo, Rachel A Whitmer, Mark A Espeland, Laura D Baker

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: Validation of the primary cognitive composite and baseline cognitive characteristics are presented for the US-Study-to-Protect-Brain-Health-Through-Lifestyle-Intervention-to-Reduce-Risk (US POINTER).

Methods: US POINTER is a multicenter, randomized clinical trial of two lifestyle interventions testing cognitive benefit in older adults without significant cognitive impairment but at-risk for decline due to well-established factors. Cognition is measured using a global cognitive composite (US POINTER modified Neuropsychological Test Battery-PmNTB).

Results: The PmNTB is a valid cognitive composite, exhibiting good psychometric properties and tracking with other established outcomes. Among the 2111 enrolled participants (mean age = 68.2 years, 69% women, 31% from race and ethnic minoritized groups), …

Formation Of An Expanding Memory Representation In The Hippocampus, Sachin P Vaidya, Guanchun Li, Raymond A Chitwood, Yiding Li, Jeffrey C Magee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

How brain networks connected by labile synapses store new information without catastrophically overwriting previous memories remains poorly understood. To examine this, we tracked the same population of hippocampal CA1 place cells (PCs) as mice learned a task for 7 days. We found evidence of memory formation as both the number of PCs maintaining a stable place field and the stability of individual PCs progressively increased across the week until most of the representation was composed of long-term stable PCs. The stable PCs disproportionately represented task-related learned information, were retrieved earlier within a behavioral session and showed a strong correlation with …

Intracranial Injury Following Nasogastric Tube Placement After Skull Base Surgery: A Case Report And Systematic Review, Gabrielle Wolter, Zain U Naqvi, Ali Jalali, Tran Locke, K Kelly Gallagher, Meha G Fox

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Inadvertent intracranial nasogastric tube placement is a recognized risk following skull base fracture, but prior skull base surgery also poses a significant and underrecognized risk for this potentially fatal complication. We report the case of a 75-year-old female admitted with Clostridioides difficile colitis, six months after endoscopic endonasal resection of a pituitary macroadenoma. A systematic review identified 10 prior cases of intracranial tube placement following skull base or sinonasal surgery, including nasotracheal and feeding tube insertions. Literature suggests that using small-bore flexible tubes and preserving anatomical barriers, such as the position of the middle turbinate and intact bony structures like …

Genomic Reporting Practices Across 5 Molecular Disciplines: A Study From The College Of American Pathologists, Larissa V Furtado, Annette S Kim, Ann M Moyer, Joel T Moncur, Rena R Xian, Angshumoy Roy, Avni B Santani, Yassmine Akkari, Karl V Voelkerding, Rhona J Souers, Jaimie Halley, Glenn E Palomaki

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Context.—: Genomic reports are primarily organized in a narrative and unstructured format with variations in content and format. Regulatory requirements and professional guidelines for genetic test reporting exist but provide little guidance for effective communication of information.

Objective.—: To assess clinical genomic reporting practices across 5 disciplines within molecular diagnostics, including germline, somatic solid tumors, somatic hematologic malignancies, pharmacogenomics, and prenatal cell-free DNA screening.

Design.—: Reporting practices were assessed by using a structured review of clinical genomic reports from multiple laboratories in 5 molecular disciplines spanning different practice settings. Report content was reviewed by the presence/absence of from 27 to …

Gut Virome Profile In New Onset Treatment Naïve Saudi Children With Ulcerative Colitis, Mohammad El Mouzan, Tor C Savidge, Ahmed Al Sarkhy, Shyam Badu, Badr Alsaleem, Mohammad Al Mofarreh, Abdullah Almasood, Asaad Assiri

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Gut microbiome imbalance is well established in ulcerative colitis (UC) in Western populations. Significantly less is known about the gut virome and whether geography impacts the UC-associated microbiome. The aim of this study was to characterize gut bacteriophage changes, as well as to identify phage-bacterial associations that can serve as potential biomarkers of UC.

Methods: Twenty children with UC and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Inclusion criteria included newly diagnosed treatment-naïve children with UC with no antibiotic exposure for at least six months prior to sample collection. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from stool and rectal …

Short-Term Neurologic Outcomes In Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Are Proportional To Bleeding Severity Graded By A Novel Bleeding Scale, Katherine Doane, Danielle Guffey, Laura L Loftis, Trung C Nguyen, Matthew A Musick, Amanda Ruth, Ryan D Coleman, Jun Teruya, Christine Allen, Melania M Bembea, Brian Boville, Jamie Furlong-Dillard, Santosh Kaipa, Mara Leimanis, Matthew P Malone, Lindsey K Rasmussen, Ahmed Said, Marie E Steiner, Deanna T Tzanetos, Heather Viamonte, Linda Wallenkamp, Arun Saini

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Patients admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) need individualized nutrition support that is tailored to their particular disease severity, nutritional status, and therapeutic interventions. We aim to evaluate how calories and proteins are provided during the first seven days of hospitalization for children in critical condition with organ dysfunction (OD). A single-center retrospective cohort study of children aged 2–18 years, mechanically ventilated > 48 h, and admitted > 7 days to a PICU from 2016 to 2017 was carried out. Nutrition support included enteral and parenteral nutrition. We calculated scores for the Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (pSOFA) on days …

Identification Of Distinct Biological Groups Of Patients With Cryptogenic Norse Via Inflammatory Profiling, Martin Guillemaud, Mario Chavez, Firas Kobeissy, Annamaria Vezzani, Anthony D Jimenez, Maysaa Merhi Basha, Ayush Batra, Sophie Demeret, Onome Eka, Krista Eschbach, Brandon Foreman, Nicolas Gaspard, Elizabeth E Gerard, Teneille Emma Gofton, Hiba A Haider, Stephen T Hantus, Charles L Howe, Amy Jongeling, Mariel Kalkach-Aparicio, Padmaja Kandula, Karnig Kazazian, Minjee Kim, Yi-Chen Lai, Clémence Marois, Andrew Mellor, Wazim Mohamed, Mikaela Morales, Cederic M Pimentel, Alexandra M Ramirez, Claude Steriade, Aaron F Struck, Olga Taraschenko, Nathan Torcida Sedano, Mark S Wainwright, Ji Yeoun Yoo, Kevin K W Wang, Vincent Navarro, Lawrence J Hirsch, Aurélie Hanin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background and objectives: Emerging evidence suggests that immune dysregulation plays a pivotal role in triggering cryptogenic new-onset refractory status epilepticus (c-NORSE), prompting a consensus on early initiation of immunotherapy. However, despite similar timing of administration, responses to immunotherapies have been varied and unpredictable, suggesting the presence of heterogeneous underlying mechanisms. The aim of this study was to identify distinct inflammatory response subtypes in patients with c-NORSE by analyzing their cytokine profiles. Insights into underlying mechanisms were sought to understand the pathophysiology and guide personalized therapies to improve patient outcomes.

Methods: Sixty-two patients with c-NORSE were included. A comprehensive panel …