Digital Commons Network^™

Influenza, Covid-19, And Pneumococcal Vaccination Status Among Adults In Türkiye ​, Gamze Şanlidağ İşbi̇len, Serap Gençer, Hüsnü Pullukçu, Meltem Taşbakan, İftahar Köksal

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Vaccines reduce morbidity and mortality caused by infectious diseases that threaten public health. Lifelong immunization programs are essential for the entire population. This study assessed adult vaccination uptake for influenza, pneumococcal, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in Türkiye and examined the barriers and factors influencing vaccination decisions.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional survey was designed and conducted by the Immunization Working Group of the Turkish Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. A 19-item questionnaire was administered to individuals aged 18 years or older to assess influenza, pneumococcal, and COVID-19 vaccination status. The questionnaire collected data on demographic …

Nationwide Characteristics Of Infectious Disease Patients Transported By Helicopter In Türkiye, Ayşe Gülden Bekgöz, Kerem Dost Bi̇lmez, Muhammed Saltuk Deni̇z

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: To evaluate the clinical, demographic, and operational characteristics of patients with infectious diseases transported by helicopter ambulance and to examine differences in the transfer patterns, flight durations, and diagnostic categories.

Materials and methods: Registry data of patients with infectious diseases transported by helicopter ambulance were analyzed. Demographic characteristics, diagnoses, referring and receiving hospital types, intraprovincial and interprovincial transfer status, flight durations, and temporal distribution of transfers (hours, days, and months) were evaluated. Flight duration was calculated in minutes and compared between intraprovincial and interprovincial transfers.

Results: A total of 543 patients with infectious diseases were transported by helicopter ambulance. …

Digital Markers For Passive Remote Monitoring Of Bipolar Disorder: Systematic Review, Thomas P Kutcher, Isha Chakraborty, Kristin Kostick-Quenet, Akane Sano, Nidal Moukaddam, Jeffrey A Herron, Wayne K Goodman, Sameer A Sheth, Ashutosh Sabharwal, Nicole R Provenza

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) features episodic shifts among mania, hypomania, depression, mixed states, and euthymia. Timely detection of mood transitions is difficult due to infrequent clinical touchpoints. Digital health technologies, including wearables and smartphones, offer a unique opportunity to passively and continuously monitor behavior and physiology that could reflect underlying mood dynamics in real-world settings.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review passively collected digital markers for BD mood states, characterize devices/modalities and analytic approaches, appraise risk of bias, and identify design gaps and priorities for clinical translation.

Methods: Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) …

Telomere-To-Telomere Genome Assembly And A Pangenome For The Rat, Kai Li, Julia L Ciosek, Sergey Koren, Adam M Phillippy, Yaming Zhu, William A Lauer, Shelise Y Brooks, Gerard G Bouffard, Brandon D Pickett, Beth L Dumont, Melissa L Smith, Theodore S Kalbfleisch, Peter A Doris

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

We report a complete rodent telomere-to-telomere genome assembly from the brown rat, Rattus norvegicus. Annotation was enriched with multi-tissue long-read RNA sequencing and uncovered numerous novel genes. Assembly of both sex chromosomes reveals the absence of gene coding in the presumed pseudo-autosomal regions and the presence of centromeric satellite repeats on distal chromosome Y (chrY). We provide evidence of meiotic conjunction between Xp and Yq. The genome assembly reveals several expanded autosomal regions enriched for testis-expressed genes. Finally, we have generated a pangenome from recent high-quality assemblies of 8 distinct inbred rat strain genomes. This allows the strain-specific distribution of …

Transient Activation Of Potent Progenitor Cells Is Required For Spinal Cord Regeneration, Chase Alexander Weinholtz

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Mammalian spinal cord injury is an intractable biomedical problem driven by interlocking maladaptive cellular responses that prioritize acute stabilization over long-term recovery. However, this deficient regenerative capacity is not an inherent limitation. The zebrafish, for example, capably regenerates and regains motor function with 2 months of a full transection injury. This ability is thought to rely on the transient expansion of stem cell-like progenitors marked by sox2 expression. Yet our understanding of the identities and contributions of this crucial population remains limited. Here, we determine the molecular identities and cellular contributions of sox2+ progenitors during innate spinal cord repair in …

Runx1+23 Enhancer Marks Erythro-Megakaryocyte Lineages In Early Waves Of Hematopoiesis In Human Esc Differentiation, Chika Nishida, Michihiro Kobayashi, Alina Syed, Philipp Kramer, Haizi Cheng, Pamela L Wenzel, Motomi Osato, Jason David Chobirko, Andrew Grimson, Igor I Slukvin, Brian R Davis, Momoko Yoshimoto

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

No abstract provided.

E3 Ligase Rnf145 Regulates Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation Via The Pp2a-P70s6k Signaling Axis, Vijaya Kumar Gangipangi, Erin O. Curley, Deepak A. Deshpande, Pawan Sharma

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

Airway smooth muscle (ASM) is a key determinant of airway caliber and a major contributor to structural remodeling in obstructive lung diseases, including asthma and COPD. ASM proliferation is regulated by transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms, including ubiquitin-dependent protein turnover mediated by E3 ubiquitin ligases. Here, we investigated the role of the RING-type E3 ligase RNF145 in mitogenic signaling and ASM cell proliferation. Human ASM cells were transfected with RNF145 shRNA or treated with the E3 ligase inhibitor SMER3, followed by stimulation with fetal bovine serum (FBS) or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). RNF145 knockdown or SMER3 treatment dose-dependently inhibited mitogen-induced ASM …

A Distinct Form Of Fat Fibrosis Is Linked To Insulin Resistance In People With Hiv, Diana L Alba, Alaa Abdellatif, Moon Kyung Choi, Stephen M Brown Mayfield, Thuy An T Pham, David I Berrios, Antonio E Rodriguez, Marin Ewing, Tony R Figueroa, Judy Gonzalez-Vargas, Ningyan Zhang, Zhiqiang An, Dawei Bu, Steven G Deeks, Philipp E Scherer, Peter W Hunt, Suneil K Koliwad

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

BACKGROUND

Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), people with HIV (PWH) are at heightened risk for insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) fibrosis contributes to metabolic disease, but its role in IR among PWH is unknown. We investigated the relationship between SAT fibrosis and IR in PWH, along with transcriptional signatures to distinguish it from SAT fibrosis due to obesity.

METHODS

We analyzed body composition and SAT fibrosis (hydroxyproline) in 46 PWH and 74 people without HIV (PWoH), excluding individuals with T2D. We examined fibrosis-related gene transcription in the SAT using a targeted panel and measured …

Cigarette Smoke Induces Fasn-Dependent Fatty Acid Metabolic Rewiring To Drive Bladder Cancer Progression, Chandra Sekhar Amara, Danthasinghe Waduge Badrajee Piyarathna, Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal, Yuen San Chan, Karthik Reddy Kami Reddy, Chandra Shekar R Ambati, Mohammed Khurshidul Hassan, Pratik Shriwas, Tanmay Gandhi, Antrix Jain, Tanja Gangnus, Pooja Popli, Roshan Borkar, Sung Wook Kang, Silvia L Summers, Vasanta Putluri, Sandra L Grimm, Sharan Venkatesh, Ningxin Song, Erin H Seeley, Jenna Hedlich-Dwyer, Shu-Hsia Chen, Nupam P Mahajan, Abhinav K Jain, Lacey Elizabeth Dobrolecki, Gabrielle A Wells, Hugo Villanueva, Jenny Li, Xuefeng Liu, Roni J Bollag, Anna Malovannaya, Sung Yun Jung, Hyun-Sung Lee, Irfan A Asangani, Martha K Terris, Chad J Creighton, Leomar Y Ballester, Balasubramanyam Karanam, Suyu Liu, Minjae Lee, Rajeeva R Raju, M Minhaj Siddiqui, Livia S Eberlin, Ramakrishna Kommagani, Arun Sreekumar, Jianjun Gao, Nicolas L Young, H Courtney Hodges, Cristian Coarfa, Natalie R Gassman, Seth P Lerner, Yair Lotan, Nagireddy Putluri

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Cigarette smoke promotes bladder tumor growth by enhancing cancer cell survival and proliferation through smoke mediated carcinogens. FASN, a key enzyme in fatty acid synthesis, is dysregulated in many cancers and correlates with aggressive phenotypes. In this study, we demonstrate elevated fatty acid levels and FASN specifically in smokers with bladder cancer. Elevated FASN under smoke exposure imparted epigenetic alterations, particularly histone acetylation, impacts DNA repair and DNA-binding transcription factors which regulate metabolic pathways. Under cigarette smoke, bladder cancer cells undergo a metabolic shift, utilizing glutamine as a major carbon source through reductive carboxylation to fuel fatty acid biosynthesis via …

Bibliometric Analysis Of The Top 100 Most Cited Publications From Saudi Arabia Reveals The Predominance Of Medical Fields, Mahmoud Kandeel, Abdulla Al-Taher

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To explore the citation impact, journals, international collaborations, trends of research topics and gain more visibility for the Saudi contribution to the global scientific landscape. Methods: This bibliometric study analyzes the top 100 cited publications affiliated with Saudi Arabia in Scopus, from inception to January 2026. The extracted bibliometric indicators include total citation metrics, sources, collaboration maps, and co-occurrence networks of keywords and collaborations. Results: The results indicate a strong predominance for medicine and health sciences as the subjects of the most prolific and significant number of citations. A substantial proportion of the most cited papers originates from major …

Comparison Of The Effects Of Spinal Versus General Anesthesia On The Perioperative Intraocular Pressure: A Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial, Muzaffer Gencer, Mehmet Yalvaç

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of spinal and general anesthesia on the intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients, who had lumbar spine and lower extremity orthopedic surgeries Methods: Sixty adult were randomly classified into Group spinal anesthesia (SA) and Group general anesthesia (GA). The IOP, mean systemic arterial pressure, and heart rhythm were measured at 6 pre-determined timepoints (T0: Baseline, T1: Before spinal procedure or anesthesia induction, T2: After injection with intrathecal or anesthesia induction, T3: 5th minutes (min) after spinal procedure or tracheal intubation, T4: 30th min intraoperative, T5: At the end of surgery, T6: 5th min after surgery or …

Establishment Of A Specialized Pectus Clinic: Referral Patterns, Diagnostic Characteristics, And Early Management Experience At A University Hospital, Zeead M. Alghamdi

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To describe the establishment and early impact of a dedicated pectus clinic at a university hospital, focusing on patient characteristics, referral pathways, clinical presentation, and initial management strategies. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at a university hospital between January 2020 and April 2025, with 153 patients included in the final analysis. Data collected included demographic characteristics, referral sources, clinical presentation, deformity type, and treatment options. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results: The mean patient age was 18.3 (range 1–44) years, with males accounting for 83.9% of cases. Pectus carinatum was the most common diagnosis (48.1%), followed by …

Gender Differences In Primary Care Utilization And Determinants Of General Practitioner Visits Among Saudi Females: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Using World Health Survey In The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia 2019, Ali M. Alzahrani, Holly C. Felix, Abdulrhman A. Alzhrani

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: To document the number of visits Saudi adults have with general practitioners (GP) or family medicine doctors (FD), determine if there is an association between GP/FD visits and sex, and then identify factors associated with GP/FD visits among Saudi females. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2019 World Health Survey in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSAWHS 2019), a nationally representative household survey. The outcome variable was number of visits to GP/FD. Survey-weighted negative binomial regression was applied. Results: From April to July 2019, 8,912 individuals participated in the KSAWHS 2019 individual questionnaire, of whom …

Patient Safety Culture Among Healthcare Professionals In Jeddah First Health Cluster: A Multi-Professional Cross-Sectional Study, Saad S. Alyazidi, Salah S. Alshagrawi

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: Patient safety culture (PSC) is essential to improve healthcare quality and reduce preventable harm. Despite ongoing healthcare transformation in Saudi Arabia, there is limited evidence on healthcare professionals' (HCPs) perceptions of PSC in newly established health clusters. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among HCPs in 6 government hospitals within the Jeddah First Health Cluster, Saudi Arabia. Data were gathered utilizing the Hospital Survey on PSC (HSOPSC). Descriptive measurement sand multiple linear regression analyses were used to evaluate perceptions of PSC and associated factors. Results: A total of 256 HCPs participated in the study. Overall, PSC was perceived as …

The Al-Bahah Paradox: Divergent Patterns Of Increased And Decreased Infectious Disease Incidence Relative To National Saudi Rates Over 12 Years Of Surveillance, Mohammed A. A. Alqumber

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: To identify statistically significant deviations in notifiable infectious disease incidence between Al-Bahah region and national Saudi averages, and to generate hypotheses that may inform future epidemiological, microbiological, and public health investigations. Methods: In April 2026, a 12-year retrospective ecological study (2013–2024) was conducted using surveillance data from the Saudi Ministry of Health for 37 notifiable infectious diseases across 20 health regions. Cumulative incidence rates, standardized morbidity ratios (SMRs), and Z-tests compared observed cases in Al-Bahah against national estimates. Results: Overall incidence was 15.8% lower in Al-Bahah than nationally (86.42 versus 102.68; incidence rate ratios = 0.842; p …

Preoperative Urine Albumin-To-Creatinine Ratio Predicts Acute Kidney Injury After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, Ahmed M. Alkhunaizi, Jumana A. Al Naser, Khaled D. Algarni, Suhaib M. Ahmed, Amro M. Moubarak, Haralabos D. Parissis

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: To prospectively evaluate whether baseline urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) predicts acute kidney injury (AKI) and postoperative decline in kidney function in elective, isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients and explore the magnitude of effect across clinically relevant uACR strata. Preoperative uACR is a marker of glomerular endothelial dysfunction and systemic microvascular injury that may identify patients at increased risk for AKI after CABG. Methods: In this single-center prospective cohort study, 111 adults undergoing elective, isolated CABG between January 2020 and December 2024 were stratified by baseline uACR (< 30, 30–300, > 300 milligram/gram[mg/g]). The primary outcome was AKI defined by Kidney …

The Role Of F-18 Fdg Pet/Ct In The Evaluation Of Solitary Pulmonary Nodules, Erdal Cetinkaya, Fatih Guzel, Sadiye Altun Tuzcu, Ilbey Erkin Cetin, Ibrahim Ibiloglu, Esref Argin, Feray Altun Cetin, Bekir Tasdemir

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positronemissiontomography/computedtomography (F-18 FDG PET/CT) is commonly used in the evaluation of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and its ratios to liver and mediastinal blood pool SUVmax values for malignancy in SPNs, using histopathological findings as the reference standard. Methods: The study included 130 patients who underwent F-18 FDG PET/CT and had either histopathological confirmation or at least two years of radiological follow-up. Demographic data (age and sex), nodule size, location, contour characteristics, nodule SUVmax, nodule-to-liver SUVmax ratio (NLR), and nodule-to-mediastinal blood pool SUVmax ratio …

The Case For Gulf Region-Specific Peripheral Artery Disease Trials: A Comprehensive Literature Review, Hosaam H. Nasr, Faisal A. Almudaiheem

Saudi Medical Journal

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) research is globally underrepresented, with landmark trials like Best Endovascular Surgical Therapy for Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia and Bypass versus Angioplasty in Severe Ischemia of the Leg predominantly featuring white, Western populations. These studies fail to account for the unique clinical landscape of the Gulf region, where PAD prevalence reaches up to 13.7%. Gulf patients present at younger ages and face a disproportionately high diabetes burden, with regional prevalence near 18%, nearly double that of Europe. Beyond metabolic factors, the Gulf population exhibits distinct genetic architectures, including high rates of consanguinity and familial hypercholesterolemia. Because …

Meta-Analysis On The Effect Of Tai Chi Chuan On Human Biomechanics And Health From (2021–2025), Bijad S. Alqahtani, Husam A. Almalki

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: Prior reviews emphasize overall health outcomes of Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) but rarely resolve the biomechanical intermediates (such as Center of Mass (CoM)–Center of Pressure (CoP) control, joint loading) that link practice to clinical function—knowledge that matters for balance, fall risk, and osteoarthritic knee load management. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to test the null hypothesis that TCC produces no improvement versus comparators in (i) biomechanical stability indices (mediolateral/anterior–posterior CoM–CoP separation; COP Root Mean Square RMS) and (ii) related clinical functions (such as Time up and go (TUG), Berg balance scale (BBS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis …

Developmental Dysplasia Of The Hip In Saudi Arabia And The Gulf Countries: A Genetic Systematic Review Study, Naif Z. Alrashdi, Ahmed M. Almansour, Azfar Jamal

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: To describe the available research on genetic determinants with special emphasis on the developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), in Saudi Arabia and Gulf nations, with reference to the genetic variants, family trend, and environmental factors. Methods: The literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Saudi Digital Library and Google Scholar through a broad literature search since the beginning of the databases until 2023. Studies that conducted in Saudi Arabia or Gulf countries which evaluated the relationships of genetic factors in DDH were included. Case reports, conference abstracts, and studies that did not …

Exploring Translational Medical Research Progress In G20 Countries: 5-Year Study, Hana A. Alhumud, Fars K. Alanazi, Edward B. Devol

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: Biomedical research is crucial for advancing medical knowledge and improving public health. However, the research process is often disjointed and lacks seamless progression, leading to delays and missed opportunities. To address this, the concept of translational research has emerged, focusing on the smooth transition of research results to the next stage of inquiry. Methods: This study analyzed approximately 40,000 research publications from the Web of Science database to identify research activities associated with translational research. Publications from Group of 20 (G20) countries over the past 5 years were examined to explore patterns of research focus and progress in this …

Surgical Outcomes Of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Excision: Factors Impacting Wound Healing Time, Christina Huang, Scott H. Koeneman, Sherry Yang, Sami Tannour

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) can be treated surgically to excise recurrent and recalcitrant regions of disease activity. However, surgical outcomes are highly variable depending on closure method, concomitant medical management and area of excision. In this study, we aim to characterise the healing courses from HS excision in a case series. To reduce operator variability, we opted to conduct a case series from a single surgeon. Surgeries conducted from June 2024-December 2025 by surgeon S.T. were included, and the postoperative course was followed until February 2026. Surgical details and postoperative course for 34 sites of HS across 20 patients were analysed. …

Ai Integration In Radiotherapy Workflows: Emerging Trends And Best Practices, Vi T. Dinh

Radiologic Sciences

Purpose To synthesize current evidence on artificial intelligence (AI) integration in radiotherapy workflows, identify emerging application trends, and examine best practices for clinical implementation.

Method A structured literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify peer-reviewed studies published between 2015 and 2025. Eligible studies evaluated AI applications in radiotherapy workflows, including segmentation, treatment planning, and clinical decision-making. Findings were synthesized using thematic analysis.

Results Three primary themes emerged: (a) AI-based segmentation improved contouring efficiency and reduced interobserver variability; (b) AI-assisted treatment planning enhanced dose prediction consistency and workflow reproducibility; and (c) workflow integration supported clinical decision-making …

Impact Of Music On Patient Comfort During Mr Scans: A Literature Review, He Yan

Radiologic Sciences

Purpose To investigate the influence of auditory stimuli on patient comfort levels during magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, with particular emphasis on indicators of distress, duration of patient positioning, and utilization of emergency signaling devices.

Method An integrative literature review was undertaken utilizing peer-reviewed research articles sourced from journals within the fields of radiology, music therapy, and clinical practice. A comprehensive search was conducted across databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Oxford Academic employing keywords including MR anxiety, music therapy, and patient comfort.

Results The body of literature consistently indicated that auditory stimuli significantly mitigate patient anxiety and distress in …

Dose-Expansion Study Of Obi-999, A Globo H-Targeting Antibody-Drug Conjugate, In Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors, Apostolia Maria Tsimberidou, Darren Sigal, Anna Varghese, Daniel Vaena, Li-Yuan Bai, Ming-Huang Chen, Chun-Nan Yeh, Chia-Jui Yen, Mehmet A Baysal, Abhijit Chakraborty, Ingly Lee, Chi-Sheng Shia, Konul Ristoski, Dong Xu

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: OBI-999 is an antibody-drug conjugate consisting of the Globo H-targeting antibody OBI-888 linked to the cytotoxic payload monomethyl auristatin E. In a dose-escalation study, the OBI-999 recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) was 1.2 mg/kg every 3 weeks. This dose-expansion study evaluated the efficacy and safety of OBI-999 in patients with pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC), or other tumor types ("basket cohort") and tumoral Globo H H-scores ≥100 (NCT04084366).

Patients and methods: Patients were treated at RP2D of OBI-999. We assessed response, progression-free survival (PFS), treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), and pharmacokinetics of OBI-999.

Results: Of 29 patients treated, …

Shared Neural Geometries For Bilingual Semantic Representations In Human Hippocampal Neurons, Xinyuan Yan, Ana G Chavez, Melissa Franch, Kalman A Katlowitz, Ivy Gautam, Brian Kim, Aaditya Krishna, Aadit Shrivastava, Katie Van Arsdel, James Belanger, Assia Chericoni, Taha Ismail, Elizabeth A Mickiewicz, Danika Paulo, Hanlin Zhu, Alica M Goldman, Vaishnav Krishnan, Atul Maheshwari, Eleonora Bartoli, Nicole R Provenza, Seng Bum Michael Yoo, Benjamin Y Hayden, Sameer A Sheth

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

The human brain has the remarkable ability to comprehend and express similar concepts in multiple languages. To understand how it does so, we examined responses of hippocampal neurons during passive listening, directed speaking, and spontaneous conversation in both English and Spanish in a small group of balanced bilinguals. We found a small number of putative "cross-language neurons," whose responses to equivalent words (e.g., "tierra" and "earth") are correlated. However, neurons' semantic tunings differed substantially by language, suggesting language-specific neural implementations. Instead, the crucial driver of translation was a preserved geometric organization of neural responses between the two languages, one that …

Non-Enzymatic Hepatic Abhd6 Interacts With Akt-Foxo1 Axis To Regulate Metabolic Health, Guannan Li, Laurence T Maeyens, Jiyuan Yin, Jan-Bernd Funcke, Chanmin Joung, Ruizhen Li, Ziying Xu, Ting Wu, Xin Li, Nisi Jiang, Mbolle Ekane, Maria Paula Lopez, Pengju Cao, Sijia He, Adam B Salmon, S R Murthy Madiraju, Marc Prentki, Juli Bai, James F Nelson, Xianlin Han, Yi Zhu, Shangang Zhao

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

The enzymatic role of ABHD6 in insulin secretion and resistance is well documented. However, its non-enzymatic function, especially its effects on metabolic health, including selective hepatic insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is poorly understood. To define the role of ABHD6 in liver physiology, we generated liver-specific ABHD6 knockout mice, as well as liver-specific native and enzymatically inactive mutant ABHD6 overexpression mouse models. We demonstrate that non-enzymatic ABHD6 contributes to the regulation of selective hepatic insulin resistance and MASLD progression. Mechanistically, we show that ABHD6 localizes to the nucleus and interacts with Akt/FoxO1 axis to regulate insulin …

Addendum: Raf/Mek/Extracellular Signal-Related Kinase Pathway Suppresses Dendritic Cell Migration And Traps Dendritic Cells In Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Lesions, Brandon Hogstad, Marie-Luise Berres, Rikhia Chakraborty, Jun Tang, Camille Bigenwald, Madhavika Serasinghe, Karen Phaik Har Lim, Howard Lin, Tsz-Kwong Man, Romain Remark, Samantha Baxter, Veronika Kana, Stefan Jordan, Zoi Karoulia, Wing-Hong Kwan, Marylene Leboeuf, Elisa Brandt, Helene Salmon, Kenneth Mcclain, Poulikos Poulikakos, Jerry Chipuk, Willem J M Mulder, Carl E Allen, Miriam Merad

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Dissecting Ms4a4a Function In Microglia And Its Role In Alzheimer’S Disease Pathogenesis, Emma Pascal Danhash

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Genome-wide association studies have begun to uncover the complex genetic architecture of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Expression of many AD risk loci is enriched in microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain. Common variants near the MS4A gene family have been associated with AD risk and altered soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). MS4A4A is a microglial gene that encodes a tetraspan membrane protein that regulates anti-inflammatory responses in macrophages. However, the mechanism by which MS4A4A contributes to microglial function and AD pathogenesis remains unknown. In this dissertation, I leveraged a …

Quality Improvement Initiative To Improve Adherence To Ob Hemorrhage Policy And Standardize Pitocin Administration During Cesarean Sections To Reduce Postpartum Hemorrhage Risk, Lauren R. Litz, Monica Blauser

Doctor of Nurse Anesthesia Practice (DNAP) Manuscripts

Postpartum hemorrhage remains a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, and Pitocin administration is an important component of hemorrhage prevention and management during cesarean delivery. Variation in Pitocin timing, dosing, method of administration, and adherence to evidence-based recommendations may compromise patient safety and create barriers to standardized obstetric anesthesia care. The purpose of this Doctorate of Nurse Anesthesia Practice quality improvement project was to evaluate current anesthesia provider practices for Pitocin administration during cesarean delivery, compare observed practices with the California Maternal Quality Care Collaborative hemorrhage toolkit and Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology Enhanced Recovery After Cesarean recommendations, …