Digital Commons Network^™

Investigating The P53 Tumor-Suppressive Network And The Dynamics/Mechanism Of P53 Loss Of Heterozygosity, Jun Wang

All ETDs from UAB

Tumor suppressor gene TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene across human cancers (~50%). Patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) who carry germline p53 mutations exhibit a diverse spectrum of childhood- and adult-onset malignancies. Despite over 40 years of dedicated studies to understand the role of p53 in tumor prevention, there are still many unanswered questions regarding the underlying mechanisms of p53. Previous studies have supported the notion that p53 exerts its tumor-suppressive function through its transcriptional activities. Therefore, strategies to enhance p53’s functions in tumor suppression via manipulating of downstream target gene activities in cancers show promising. To better investigate …

Expression Of St6gal1 Imparts Stem-Like Cell Behaviors, Thereby Promoting Neoplasia, Sejal Sanjay Shinde

All ETDs from UAB

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies with a five-year survival of ~10%. Recent studies in the US population suggest PDAC as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in 2022. ST6 β-galactoside α2,6-sialyltransferase (ST6GAL1) is a glycosyltransferase which is known to be upregulated in cancer. It acts as a master regulator of a cell by being the predominant sialyltransferase catalyzing the addition of a bulky negatively charged sialic acid to the galactose sugar in an α2,6-linkage. Due to this, the sialic acid changes the structure and function of cell surface receptor proteins and regulates signal …

Investigating The Effects Of Immune Checkpoint Inhibition And Combined Treatment With Evofosfamide On The Tumor Microenvironment Through Hypoxia Imaging, Kaytlyn Carter Mcneal

All ETDs from UAB

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent and deadly cancer worldwide. While immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibition, shows promise in various cancers, its efficacy in CRC and other tumor types is limited. Hypoxia, characterized by inadequate tissue oxygenation, critically drives cancer progression, promoting tumor growth, metastasis, chemotherapy resistance, and poor prognosis. Evofosfamide, a hypoxia-activating prodrug, is being evaluated in clinical trials for combined use with checkpoint blockade as a potential therapeutic strategy. This study investigates the impact of hypoxia on immune checkpoint inhibition, evofosfamide, and combination therapy, while utilizing non-invasive molecular imaging to develop analytical methods for quantifying and characterizing tumor …

Molecular Determinants Of Retroviral Gag Targeting To The Plasma Membrane For Assembly, Dominik Herrmann

All ETDs from UAB

Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 (HTLV-1) was the first oncogenic human retrovirus to be discovered. Several serious diseases have been linked to HTLV-1 infection, such as Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Between 10-20 million people are infected with HTLV-1 making it a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A comprehensive understanding of the factors that govern retroviral replication precludes the development of efficient antiretroviral therapies (ARTs). In the example of HIV-1, atomic level structural data was paramount to developing and improving upon many of the ARTs used today, underscoring the need for structure …

Aberrant Signal Transduction Of Neuronal Injury: Trauma And Toxicology, Alan Umfress

All ETDs from UAB

Neurological injuries occur in epidemic proportions worldwide. Neuronal injuries are events resulting in damage to the central nervous system (CNS) that impair neurological function. Subsequent impairments in neuronal function can be rapid, existing immediately after injury, or progressive and chronic impairments that persist for the lifetime of the survivor. CNS injury constitutes a broad class of environmental and pathophysiological insults ranging from blunt-force trauma to the brain or spinal cord, to acute ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, and insults resultant from neurotoxic agents. While divergent in initial cause, many of these insults share underlying pathophysiological outcomes including excitotoxic cell signaling, neuroinflammation, …

Reducing Placental Oxidative Stress In A Rat Model Preeclampsia Using Vegfr2 Nanoparticles, Sophia Ganios

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Preeclampsia is a complication of pregnancy, where the placenta lacks sufficient blood flow due to abnormal formation of the vascular endothelial cells. This results in hypertension and increased reactive oxygen species, causing oxidative stress. The VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) helps develop new growth, so by increasing the receptors VEGFR2 by injection of LTP nanoparticles into the uterine wall of RUPP rats, one can see if there would be improvement in the otherwise reduced uterine pressure pregnant rat. This would be confirmed by the 8-isoprostane test, which measures oxidative stress.

The Development Of Novel Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Targeting B7h3 For Common Solid Cancers, Thananya Inthanachai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T cells) have shown a prominent success in hematologic malignancies and are being widely investigated to overcome heterogeneity and immune suppressive environment in solid tumors. B7 homolog 3 (B7H3), an overexpressed antigen across multiple cancers with restricted expression on normal tissues, serves as a potential target for CAR T cells therapy. This study, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA 2) was used to evaluate CD276 gene upregulation and using flow cytometric staining to investigate an expression of B7H3 across various solid tumors. As a potential antigen targeting cancers, novel B7H3 CAR-T cells were developed from new …

The More Severe Adverse Effect Of Alcohol In Fc Gamma Receptor Iib Deficient (Fcgrllb-/-) Lupus Mice Than In Wild-Type Due To The More Profound Responses Against Alcohol-Induced Leaky Gut, Phatcharapon Yiengwattananon

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Consuming alcoholic beverages is well-known to have a part in causing inflammation and obstructing the function of the digestive system, and it may lead to leaky intestines. However, the relationship between alcohol consumption and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) remains a subject of controversy continued. In general, alcohol can promote intestinal bacterial dysbiosis and also result in endotoxin release by Gram-negative bacteria. This stimulates many immune cells to produce inflammatory cytokines in the gut. This study focuses on the inflammatory response effect of FcgRIIb-/- mice upon loss of FcgRIIb receptors in which alcohol-induced leaky gut can occur. In 8-week-old mice lacking …

Roles Of Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators And Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids In Periodontal Inflammation And Impact On Oral Microbiota, Chun-Teh Lee, Gena D Tribble

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease induced by dysbiotic dental biofilms. Management of periodontitis is primarily anti-bacterial via mechanical removal of bacterial biofilm. The successful resolution requires wound healing and tissue regeneration, which are not always achieved with these traditional methods. The discovery of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), a class of lipid mediators that induce the resolution of inflammation and promote local tissue homeostasis, creates another option for the treatment of periodontitis and other diseases of chronic inflammation. In this mini-review, we discuss the host-modulatory effects of SPMs on periodontal tissues and changes in the taxonomic composition of the gut …

Time-Restricted Feeding Attenuates Obesity-Induced Muscle Dysfunction Through Energy Metabolism And Microbiota Modulation, Christopher Livelo

All ETDs from UAB

Obesity is a global epidemic that affects countless numbers of people caused by genetic and environmental factors including circadian disruption, which poses significant health risks to skeletal muscle physiology and other tissues. While a feeding fasting intervention known as time-restricted feeding (TRF) has been shown to mitigate obesity-related muscle dysfunction, the underlying mechanisms remain a subject of investigation. In this study, we delve into potential mechanisms underlying TRF's protective effects on muscle physiology in the context of diet- and genetic-induced obesity using Drosophila models. Our findings reveal that TRF triggers the upregulation of key genes involved in glycine production (Sardh …

Combatting Bacterial Infections: The Efficacy Of Poly-Gamma-Glutamic Acid On The Prevention Of Nasopharyngeal Infections Among Individuals With Cleft Lip And Palate, Florence Pun

Scripps Senior Theses

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a medical condition where children are born with an unfused lip and palate. While surgery is required to fuse the lip and palate, there are other conditions that children with CLP face after surgeries, such as otitis media (OM), speech impediments, and difficulty breathing. Particularly, OM occurs frequently in individuals with CLP because the tensor veli palatini muscles cannot open the Eustachian tube frequently and ventilate the middle ear properly, even after surgery. This thesis is a research proposal to evaluate whether γ-PGA can be used in nasal washes to safely prevent nasopharyngeal infections …

Campylobacter Vaccination Reduces Diarrheal Disease And Infant Growth Stunting Among Rhesus Macaques, Sara M. Hendrickson, Archana Thomas, Hans-Peter Raué, Kamm Prongay, Andrew J. Haertel, Nicholas S. Rhoades, Jacob F. Slifka, Lina Gao, Benjamin K. Quintel, Ian J. Amanna, Ilhem Messaoudi, Mark K. Slifka

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Campylobacter-associated enteric disease is estimated to be responsible for more than 160 million cases of gastroenteritis each year and is linked to growth stunting of infants living under conditions of poor sanitation and hygiene. Here, we examine naturally occurring Campylobacter-associated diarrhea among rhesus macaques as a model to determine if vaccination could reduce severe diarrheal disease and infant growth stunting. Compared to unvaccinated controls, there are no Campylobacter diarrhea-associated deaths observed among vaccinated infant macaques and all-cause diarrhea-associated infant mortality is decreased by 76% (P = 0.03). By 9 months of age, there is a 1.3 cm increase in dorsal …

Chronic Alcohol Consumption Dysregulates Innate Immune Response To Sars-Cov-2 In The Lung, Sloan A. Lewis, Isaac R. Cinco, Brianna M. Doratt, Madison B. Blanton, Cherise Hoagland, Natali Newman, Michael Davies, Kathleen A. Grant, Ilhem Messaoudi

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Background Alcohol consumption is widespread with over half of the individuals over 18 years of age in the U.S. reporting alcohol use in the last 30 days. Moreover, 9 million Americans engaged in binge or chronic heavy drinking (CHD) in 2019. CHD negatively impacts pathogen clearance and tissue repair, including in the respiratory tract, thereby increasing susceptibility to infection. Although, it has been hypothesized that chronic alcohol consumption negatively impacts COVID-19 outcomes; the interplay between chronic alcohol use and SARS-CoV-2 infection outcomes has yet to be elucidated.

Methods In this study we employed luminex, scRNA sequencing, and flow cytometry to …

Integrated Single Cell Analysis Shows Chronic Alcohol Drinking Disrupts Monocyte Differentiation In The Bone Marrow, Sloan A. Lewis, Brianna M. Doratt, Qi Qiao, Madison B. Blanton, Kathleen A. Grant, Ilhem Messaoudi

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Chronic heavy alcohol drinking (CHD) rewires monocytes and macrophages toward heightened inflammatory states with compromised antimicrobial defenses that persist after 1-month abstinence. To determine whether these changes are mediated through alterations in the bone marrow niche, we profiled monocytes and hematopoietic stem cell progenitors (HSCPs) from CHD rhesus macaques using a combination of functional assays and single cell genomics. CHD resulted in transcriptional profiles consistent with increased activation and inflammation within bone marrow resident monocytes and macrophages. Furthermore, CHD resulted in transcriptional signatures associated with increased oxidative and cellular stress in HSCP. Differentiation of HSCP in vitro revealed skewing toward …

High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation For Upper Extremity Rehabilitation In Moderate-To-Severe Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Study, Jordan N Williamson, Shirley A James, Dorothy He, Sheng Li, Evgeny V Sidorov, Yuan Yang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Previous studies found that post-stroke motor impairments are associated with damage to the lesioned corticospinal tract (CST) and hyperexcitability of the contralesional cortico-reticulospinal tract (CRST). This proof-of-concept study aims to develop a non-invasive brain stimulation protocol that facilitates the lesioned CST and inhibits the contralesional CRST to improve upper extremity rehabilitation in individuals with moderate-to-severe motor impairments post-stroke.

Methods: Fourteen individuals (minimum 3 months post ischemic stroke) consented. Physician decision of the participants baseline assessment qualified eight to continue in a randomized, double-blind cross-over pilot trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05174949) with: (1) anodal high-definition transcranial direct stimulation (HD-tDCS) over …

Presumptive Hepatogenous Photosensitization In Beef Cattle Winter Grazing A Cover Crop Containing Brassica Spp. Turnips, Matthew M. Hille, Scott A. Fritz, Breanna C. Brown

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Over a period of ~2 wk, 5 adult beef cows developed severe necrotizing skin lesions on the face and neck shortly after being moved to a field with a cover crop of Brassica spp. turnips. We describe here the clinical signs, hematology, and serum chemistry results, as well as gross and histopathologic findings, from this outbreak. We made a presumptive diagnosis of Brassica-associated liver disease (BALD) based on the similarities in the history and diagnostic findings observed with previously reported cases of BALD from elsewhere in the world. BALD has not been reported previously in cattle in North America, …

Adolescence, Alcohol, And Astrocytes: The Impact Of Adolescent Alcohol Use On Astrocyte-Synaptic Interactions, Structure, Function, And Behavior, Christopher Douglas Walker

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Alcohol is the third leading cause of preventable death in the United States and has substantial social and economic burdens. Excessive alcohol consumption in the form of binge drinking is highly prevalent among adolescents and emerging adults. Binge drinking is a form of excessive drinking, defined as consuming enough alcohol on a single occasion to result in blood alcohol concentrations above 0.08%. Approximately 55% of full-time college students aged 18- 22 years old have reported consuming alcohol in a binge manner. Furthermore, studies have shown that approximately 20% of college students meet the criteria for an alcohol use disorder (AUD). …

Empathy Unfolding: A Complexity Neuroeducation Framework For Tracing The Impact Of Immersive Storytelling And Transformational Learning On Nursing Education, Maria H. Keckler

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Background: Empathy Unfolding is a conceptual framework grounded in complexity theory and neuroeducation principles that emerged during the research process and was used to trace the impact of immersive storytelling and transformational learning on nursing education through multiple lenses and measures. The study addressed the complex and multidimensional problem of declining empathetic concern among nursing students and professionals that disproportionately impacts low-income and culturally/linguistically diverse patient communities. Methods: The mixed-methods design centered around a patient story based on actual events, produced in two-dimensional (2D) video and 180° virtual reality (VR) formats. Second-year nursing students (N=70) were randomly assigned to two …

Resveratrol Attenuated High Intensity Exercise Training-Induced Inflammation And Ferroptosis Via Nrf2/Fth1/Gpx4 Pathway In Intestine Of Mice, Zhe Xu, Xiaonan Sun, Bin Ding, Ming Zi, Yan Ma

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Moderate exercise has beneficial effects for human health and is helpful for the protection against several diseases. However, high intensity exercise training caused gastrointestinal syndrome. Resveratrol, a plant extract, plays a vital role in protecting various organs. However, whether resveratrol protected mice against high intensity exercise training-induced intestinal damage remains unclear. In this study, our objective was to investigate the protective effects and mechanism of resveratrol in high intensity exercise training-treated mice. Materials and methods: Mice were treated with swimming exercise protocol and/or resveratrol (15 mg/kg/day) for 28 consecutive days. Then, the mice were sacrificed, and a series of …

Effects Of Testosterone Treatment On Anal Sphincter Damage Repair In Ovariectomized Rats, İrem Şenyuva, Duygu Baki̇ Acar, Hasan Hüseyi̇n Demi̇rel, Ece Tunç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Fecal incontinence (FI) generally occurs with anal sphincter damage caused by vaginal delivery in women, obvious FI can develop in the postmenopausal stage. This pelvic floor dysfunction has no rational medical therapeutic options. We investigated the effect of testosterone treatment on the anal sphincter structure, serum thiol/disulfide levels, uterine tissue, and body composition in female rats in an experimental menopause-FI model. Materials and methods: The animal experiments were performed between September and November 2020 at Experimental Animal Application and Research Center, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. Thirty-two female rats were divided into four groups: sham, saline, 10 mg/kg testosterone …

Development Of A Latex Agglutination Test Based On Vh Antibody Fragment For Detection Of Streptococcus Suis Serotype 2, Kiratika Chidkoksung

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (S. suis 2) is an important porcine pathogen that causes diseases in both swine and humans. For rapid S. suis 2 identification, a novel latex agglutination test (LAT) based on heavy-chain variable domain antibody (VH) was developed. Firstly, the soluble 47B3 VH antibody fragment from a phage display library, in which cysteine residues were engineered at the C-terminus, was expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified protein was then gently reduced to form monomeric soluble 47B3 VH subsequently used to coat with latex beads by means of site-specific conjugation. The detection sensitivity was found to be as …

Metagenomic Analysis Using Oxford Nanopore For Fungal Identification In Hemoculture Sample, Nattapong Langsiri

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Currently, with advancements in medical technology, the mortality rate from fungal infections has also increased, particularly since the late 20th century. The incidence of invasive fungal infections, especially bloodstream fungal infections, is rising. However, laboratory diagnosis of fungi from clinical specimens still faces significant limitations. Diagnosing fungi based on morphological characteristics to identify species level can take weeks, which is not aligned with the severity of the disease. Current molecular biology techniques also have limitations, such as PCR success rates and mixed infections. With significant advancements in sequencing technology leading to third-generation sequencing, there are notable benefits. Third-generation sequencing, or …

ปัจจัยเสี่ยงของการเกิดโรคข้ออักเสบติดเชื้อซัลโมเนลลาเมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับเชื้อแบคทีเรียอื่น: การศึกษาแบบเก็บข้อมูลย้อนหลัง, กรัณย์ ประสพสันติ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ที่มาและปัญหาของงานวิจัย โรคข้ออักเสบติดเชื้อซัลโมเนลลาพบได้บ่อยในประชากรที่มีความผิดปกติของระบบภูมิคุ้มกัน การศึกษานี้เป็นการศึกษาแรกที่เปรียบเทียบปัจจัยเสี่ยง อาการและอาการแสดง ผลตรวจทางห้องปฏิบัติการ และแนวทางการรักษาโรคข้ออักเสบติดเชื้อซัลโมเนลลาเมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับข้ออักเสบติดเชื้อแบคทีเรียอื่น ระเบียบวิธีการวิจัย ศึกษาแบบเก็บข้อมูลย้อนหลังในผู้ป่วยโรคข้ออักเสบติดเชื้อแบคทีเรียในโรงพยาบาลจุฬาลงกรณ์ตั้งแต่ 1 มกราคม พ.ศ.2556 ถึง 31 ธันวาคม พ.ศ.2565 แบ่งเป็นกลุ่มข้ออักเสบติดเชื้อซัลโมเนลลา 30 ราย และกลุ่มข้ออักเสบติดเชื้อแบคทีเรียอื่น 120 ราย เพื่อเปรียบเทียบปัจจัยเสี่ยงและข้อมูลอื่น ๆ ข้างต้นระหว่างทั้งสองกลุ่ม ผลการศึกษา ผู้ป่วยโรคข้ออักเสบติดเชื้อซัลโมเนลลามีอายุที่น้อยกว่า (ค่ามัธยฐานคือ 54 ปีและ 63 ปีตามลำดับ; p<0.001) การติดเชื้อซัลโมเนลลา พบมากที่สุดที่ข้อสะโพก ร้อยละ 36.67 แตกต่างจากเชื้อแบคทีเรียอื่นซึ่งพบเพียงร้อยละ 7.50 (p<0.001) สรุป โรคข้ออักเสบติดเชื้อซัลโมเนลลาเมื่อเทียบกับเชื้อแบคทีเรียอื่นมีปัจจัยเสี่ยงคืออายุน้อยและการใช้ยาคอติโคสเตียรอยด์มีระยะเวลาก่อนมาโรงพยาบาลที่นานกว่าและข้ออักเสบที่พบบ่อยคือข้อสะโพก

Molecular Survey Of Enterocytozoon Bieneusi In Bat Feces Collected From Various Areas Of Thailand, Chatuthanai Savigamin

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a microsporidian pathogen that can cause gastrointestinal diseases such as chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, and nausea in humans, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. This pathogen has been found in the feces of various animals, from wildlife to domestic animals, but there have been no reports of its detection in bats in Thailand. Given that bat feces are widely used as fertilizers in agriculture and that bat-infested caves are tourist destinations where people may encounter bat feces, there is a need to study the presence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in bat feces in these areas. In this study, 16 out …

Hospital-Prepared: Autologous Platelet Rich Fibrin (Prf) Membrane For Corneal Epithelial Defect, Sarisa Tangkhunchaisaeng

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

An autologous platelet rich fibrin (PRF) membrane, a new generation of platelet concentrate known to have an effect on enhancing corneal epithelial wound healing by supersaturating the wound with epitheliotropic growth factors and being a scaffold for cellular proliferation and migration. However, there is no standard protocol for ophthalmologic use. This study aims to compare the characteristics of hospital prepared PRF membrane in four different protocols. We propose the super low centrifugation technic to yield the higher platelet cells and epitheliotropic growth factors. Blood samples were collected in 3 healthy volunteers with 4 different centrifugation protocols (100 g/5min, 200g force/5 …

Predictive Factors For The Outcome Of Lumbar Epidural Steroid Injection In Low Back Pain: A Prospective Analytic Study, Pornpan Chalermkitpanit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: This prospective analytic study aimed to investigate predictive factors for favorable outcomes in patients with lumbosacral radicular pain following epidural steroid injection (ESI). Methods: 120 patients diagnosed with lumbosacral radiculopathy underwent blood collection at two-time points (before and after ESI). At the 2-week follow-up, a favorable response to ESI was defined as a reduction in pain of at least 50.0%. Predictive factors such as pain manifestation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and inflammatory cytokines were investigated. Results: A favorable response was observed in 60.8% of patients. The mean differences in serum inflammatory cytokines post-TFESI showed no significant variation between the …

ผลของโปรแกรมการจัดการภาวะฟอสเฟตในเลือดสูงตามแนวคิดทฤษฎีการเปลี่ยนแปลงพฤติกรรมและการสัมภาษณ์เพื่อเสริมสร้างแรงจูงใจผ่านทางเทเลเฮลท์ ในผู้ป่วยที่ได้รับการบำบัดทดแทนไตโดยการฟอกเลือดด้วยเครื่องไตเทียม ในสถานการณ์การระบาดของเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา 2019, อารมย์ ทองสันติ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลของโปรแกรมการจัดการภาวะฟอสเฟตในเลือดสูงตามแนวคิดทฤษฎีการเปลี่ยนแปลงพฤติกรรมและการสัมภาษณ์เพื่อเสริมสร้างแรงจูงใจผ่านทางเทเลเฮลท์ในกลุ่มผู้ป่วยโรคไตเรื้อรังระยะสุดท้ายที่ได้รับการบำบัดทดแทนไตโดยการฟอกเลือดด้วยเครื่องไตเทียม (โปรแกรม TMT) ในสถานการณ์การระบาดของไวรัสโคโรนา 2019 การศึกษานี้เป็นการศึกษาเชิงทดลองแบบสุ่มและมีกลุ่มควบคุม มีผู้เข้าร่วมวิจัยที่ตรงตามเกณฑ์ทั้งหมด 80 คน ได้รับการสุ่มเข้ากลุ่มทดลองและกลุ่มควบคุม กลุ่มละ 40 คน ด้วยวิธีสุ่มแบบชั้นภูมิร่วมกับการใช้บล็อก โดยกลุ่มทดลองได้รับโปรแกรม TMT เปรียบเทียบกับกลุ่มควบคุม ซึ่งได้รับการดูแลแบบปกติตามมาตรฐานการรักษาในศูนย์ฟอกเลือดด้วยเครื่องไตเทียม วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้สถิติ Linear regression เพื่อเปรียบเทียบค่าเฉลี่ยของตัวแปรและสถิติ Fisher’s exact test เพื่อเปรียบเทียบตัวแปรเชิงกลุ่มระหว่างกลุ่มทดลองและกลุ่มควบคุมที่ระดับความเชื่อมั่นร้อยละ 95 ใช้ระยะเวลาในการศึกษา 24 สัปดาห์ ผลการศึกษาจากการวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลแบบ Intention to treat พบว่าระดับฟอสเฟตในเลือดของกลุ่มทดลองลดลงมากกว่ากลุ่มควบคุมอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (ผลต่างค่าเฉลี่ย = -1.03, 95% CI = -1.77, -0.29) พฤติกรรมการบริโภคอาหารที่มีส่วนประกอบของฟอสฟอรัสในกลุ่มทดลองดีกว่ากลุ่มควบคุม (ผลต่างค่าเฉลี่ย = 37.76, 95% CI = 23.54, 51.98) ระดับความพร้อมในการเปลี่ยนแปลงพฤติกรรม ความเชื่อมั่นในการรับประทานยาจับฟอสเฟตและพฤติกรรมการรับประทานยาจับฟอสเฟตอย่างต่อเนื่องของกลุ่มทดลองดีกว่ากลุ่มควบคุมอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ p-value < 0.001, 0.025 และ 0.001 ตามลำดับ แม้ว่าความรู้เกี่ยวกับการป้องกันและจัดการภาวะฟอสเฟตในเลือดสูงของทั้งสองกลุ่มไม่แตกต่างกัน (ผลต่างค่าเฉลี่ย = 3.86, 95% CI = -0.57, 8.29) จากผลของการศึกษาแสดงให้เห็นว่าโปรแกรม TMT สามารถนำมาประยุกต์ใช้เพื่อช่วยลดระดับฟอสเฟตในเลือดให้กับผู้ป่วยได้

Therapeutic Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody Administration Protects Against Lethal Yellow Fever Virus Infection, Michael J. Ricciardi, Lauren N. Rust, Nuria Pedreño-Lopez, Sofiya Yusova, Sreya Biswas, Gabriela M. Webb, Lucas Gonzalez-Nieto, Thomas B. Voigt, Johan J. Louw, Fernanda D. Laurino, John R. Dibello, Hans-Peter Raué, Aaron M. Barber-Axthelm, Kimberly Chun, Samantha Uttke, Lidiane M. S. Raphael, Aaron Yrizarry-Medina, Brandon C. Rosen, Rebecca Agnor, Lina Gao, Caralyn Labriola, Michael Axthelm, Jeremy Smedley, Justin G. Julander, Myrna C. Bonaldo, Laura M. Walker, Ilhem Messaoudi, Mark K. Slifka, Dennis R. Burton, Esper G. Kallas, Jonah B. Sacha, David I. Watkins, Benjamin J. Burwitz

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Yellow fever virus (YFV) is a reemerging global health threat, driven by several factors, including increased spread of the mosquito vector and rapid urbanization. Although a prophylactic vaccine exists, vaccine hesitancy, supply deficits, and distribution difficulties leave specific populations at risk of severe YFV disease, as evidenced by recent outbreaks in South America. To establish a treatment for patients with severe YFV infection, we tested 37 YFV-specific monoclonal antibodies isolated from vaccinated humans and identified two capable of potently neutralizing multiple pathogenic primary YFV isolates. Using both hamster and nonhuman primate models of lethal YFV infection, we demonstrate that a …

Microstructural Evaluation Of The Brain With Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques In Cases Of Electrical Status Epilepticus During Sleep (Eses), Hani̇fe Gülden Düzkalir, Bariş Genç, Safi̇ye Güneş Sağer, Ayberk Türkyilmaz, Hedi̇ye Pinar Günbey

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The cause and treatment of electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES), one of the epileptic encephalopathies of childhood, is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible microstructural abnormalities in the brain using advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in ESES patients with and without genetic mutations. Materials and methods: This research comprised 12 ESES patients without structural thalamic lesions (6 with genetic abnormalities and 6 without) and 12 healthy children. Whole-exome sequencing was used for the genetic mutation analysis. Brain MRI data were evaluated using tractus-based spatial statistics, voxel-based morphometry, a local gyrification index, subcortical shape …

Mitochondria As Causes Of And Therapeutic Targets In Chronic Post-Sepsis Skeletal Muscle Weakness, Meagan Scott Kingren

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences

Sepsis, or the organ damage that ensues after the body fails to properly contain a local infection, is the leading cause of in-patient hospitalization in the United States. Advances in critical care medicine over the last 20 years have enabled most sepsis patients to survive the life-threatening dysregulated immune response. However, a majority of survivors report chronic weakness and fatigue years after sepsis, and the cause of this weakness remains largely unknown. This dissertation work focused first on elucidating the major causes of post-sepsis muscle weakness (Aim 1). This aim involved a time-course study to determine when muscle weakness was …