Digital Commons Network^™

Challenges In Kinetic-Kinematic Driven Musculoskeletal Subject-Specific Infant Modeling, Yeram Lim, Victor Huayamave, Tamara Chambers, Christine Walck, Safeer Siddicky, Erin Mannen

Publications

Musculoskeletal computational models provide a non-invasive approach to investigate human movement biomechanics. These models could be particularly useful for pediatric applications where in vivo and in vitro biomechanical parameters are difficult or impossible to examine using physical experiments alone. The objective was to develop a novel musculoskeletal subject-specific infant model to investigate hip joint biomechanics during cyclic leg movements. Experimental motion-capture marker data of a supine-lying 2-month-old infant were placed on a generic GAIT 2392 OpenSim model. After scaling the model using body segment anthropometric measurements and joint center locations, inverse kinematics and dynamics were used to estimate hip ranges …

Fsae Vehicle Instrumentation And Validation, Alexander Anthony

Honors Theses

Formula SAE is a student chapter of the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). Each year SAE hosts a collegiate competition for teams of university students to design, build, and compete with a formula-style vehicle. Students from all around the world collaborate to engineer and manufacture a competition worthy racecar. Each component of the vehicle is designed from scratch, using calculated load cases to optimize weight and strength. Once the car is built, students will test and validate their vehicle. Not every team has the opportunity to validate the critical load cases the vehicle is designed around. This senior design project …

Machine Learning-Oriented Predictive Maintenance (Pdm) Framework For Autonomous Vehicles (Avs): Adopting Blockchain For Pdm Solution, Md Jobair Hossain Faruk, Hossain Shahriar, Maria Valero

Symposium of Student Scholars

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) refers to smart, connected and multimedia cars with technological megatrends of the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) and have gained huge strive in today's world. AVs adopt automated driving systems (ADS) technique that permits the vehicle to manage and control driving points without human drivers by utilizing advanced equipment including a combination of sensors, controllers, onboard computers, actuators, algorithms, and advanced software embedded in the different parts of the vehicle. These advanced sensors provide unique inputs to the ADS to generate a path from point A to point B. Ensuring the safety of sensors by limiting maintenance …

Improving The Work Efficiency Of An Air Conditioning System Based On A Chiller, N Usmonov, A Khazratov, J Usmonov

Technical science and innovation

This article deals with evaporative cooling devices used in air conditioning systems. Various ways of lowering the air temperature to the dew point have been identified as a result of improvements to the devices considered. It is also indicated that the circulating water temperature in the system can be lowered to the air temperature on the wet bulb thermometer. As is known, recirculating water is often used as a cooling water in process units to reduce water consumption in industrial plants. Circulating water is heated by recirculation and the heated water is cooled in ventilated cooling towers. This method of …

Prospects For Using Metal-Polymer Composite Structures In The Gear Manufacturing, Umid Mamasobirov, Shoraxmat Shoobidov, A F. Husanboyev

Technical science and innovation

In this paper, some thermoplastic polymer composites and filler composites for the production of metal-polymer gear transmissions are presented. Efforts have been made to expand the raw material base and identify ways to increase the durability of gears through technological and design measures.

Dc Microgrid Fault Detection Using Multiresolution Analysis Of Traveling Waves, Rudy Montoya

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

Fast detection and isolation of faults in a DC microgrid is of particular importance. Fast tripping protection (i) increases the lifetime of power electronics (PE) switches by avoiding high fault current magnitudes and (ii) enhances the controllability of PE converters. This thesis proposes a traveling wave (TW) based scheme for fast tripping protection of DC microgrids. The proposed scheme utilizes a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to calculate the high-frequency components of DC fault currents. Multiresolution analysis (MRA) using DWT is utilized to detect TW components for different frequency ranges. The Parseval energy calculated from the MRA coefficients are then used …

Model-Assisted Deep Learning Of Rare Extreme Events From Partial Observations, Anna Asch, Ethan Brady, Hugo Gallardo, John Hood, Bryan Chu, Mohammad Farazmanda

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

To predict rare extreme events using deep neural networks, one encounters the so-called small data problem because even long-term observations often contain few extreme events. Here, we investigate a model-assisted framework where the training data are obtained from numerical simulations, as opposed to observations, with adequate samples from extreme events. However, to ensure the trained networks are applicable in practice, the training is not performed on the full simulation data; instead, we only use a small subset of observable quantities, which can be measured in practice. We investigate the feasibility of this model-assisted framework on three different dynamical systems (Rössler …

Aeroelastic Response Of Wind Turbine Rotors Under Rapid Actuation Of Flap-Based Flow Control Devices, Muraleekrishnan Menon, Fernando L. Ponta

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

The largest commercial wind turbines today are rated at powers between 12 MW to 16 MW, with rotor diameters between 220 m to 242 m, which are expected to grow beyond 250 m in the near future. Economies-of-scale factors suggest the advantages of upscaling in rotor size to effectively harvest the wind potential. An increased emphasis on studies related to improvements and innovations in aerodynamic load-control methodologies has led researchers to focus on overcoming the bottlenecks in size upscaling. Though conventional pitch control is an effective approach for long-term load variations, their application to mitigate short-term fluctuations has limitations. This …

Development & Validation Of A Piv System For Obtaining Data From A Uasb Reactor, Camila D' Bastiani, Gerald Gallagher, David Kennedy, Anthony Reynolds

Conference Papers

Anaerobic digestion processes can generate energy in the form of biogas while treating organic wastewater. The efficiency of the treatment, and thus the generation of biogas, is closely linked to the type and design of the reactor, and the technology used. Granular anaerobic digestion technology offers advantages such as a higher loading rate and reduction of the space needed. However, the hydrodynamics inside this type of reactor can be complex due to the presence of solids (granules) and gas (biogas) phases along with the liquid phase (wastewater). This is one of the reasons why the study and optimization of reactors …

Effects Of Varied Oxygen Levels, Laser Powers, And Scanning Speeds On Manufactured Components By Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion, Amelia Mcnamee

Honors College Theses

This project addresses the effects of oxygen concentration, laser power, and scanning speed on the melt pool geometry of laser-based powder bed fusion (L-PBF) additively manufactured components. A parametric analysis using the substrate alone was conducted to determine a range of desirable laser powers and scanning speeds. The parameter with the more significant effect will be decided upon based on the depth-to-width ratios (D/W) of the resultant laser weld bead. A range of oxygen levels and scan speeds was selected for the next phase. These samples were then be analyzed for depth-to-width ratios. It was expected that higher oxygen concentrations …

Mechanical Behavior Of Materials, Joshua P. Steimel

Pacific Open Texts

This text serves to cover in more detail solid mechanics concepts and specifically the material response to stress and strain. This text spans solid mechanics concepts from stress and strain at an atomistic length scale, to linear elasticity, anisotropy, linear viscoelasticity, plasticity, dislocation generation and interactions, and fracture.

Impulse, Spring 2022, University Marketing And Communications, Jerome J. Lohr College Of Engineering

Impulse (Jerome J. Lohr College of Engineering Publication)

2 | Ahmed Leads Construction and Operations Management
4 | Faculty News
8 | Kelley Steps Aside After 44 Years
12 | Boggs Retires From Mechanical Engineering
14 | Looking At Covid-19 Numbers
16 | Students Help College of Nursing
18 | Midwest Applied Materials Symposium Debuts
20 | Fourth Data Science Event Takes Place
24 | College Achievements
26 | Hard Work Pays Off
28 | Spotlight Shines on Students
30 | Mentoring Program Takes Off
32 | Robotics Club Busy With Activities
34 | The Numbers
36 | Brown, Sieve Honored
38 | Alumna Leads NASA Division
40 …

Dual Axis Solar Tracker With Automated Cleaning System, Kevin Ehlers, Justin Eng, Nicholas Gallo, Matthew Kelley, Jonathan Lung, Brian Weitzenkamp

Mechanical Engineering Senior Theses

Photovoltaic panels are fundamental in the generation of renewable energy both on a local scale and a utility scale. The mounting systems for such panels can be costly, require large amounts of maintenance, and miss out on energy savings. Manual cleaning and single axis tracking systems leave more to be desired from such systems. In this paper, we propose, research, test and manufacture a two axes solar tracking system with integrated water cleaning to obtain the most energy savings possible from a single PV panel. Our work shows that two axis tracking combined with an automated cleaning system can provide …

Analytical, Numerical, And Computational Simulation Of The Free Convection Cooling Of An Electronics Enclosure For Assistive Painting Device, Jack Clement

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Investigation Of The Low-Temperature Combustion Phenomena Of A Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Aerospace Fuel In A Constant Volume Combustion Chamber For Greenhouse Gas Reduction, Lily H. Parker

Honors College Theses

Greenhouse gases (GHG) have a harmful effect on our environment as they trap heat in the atmosphere accelerating climate change. As such, the Federal Aviation Administration’s 2025 strategic plan to reduce GHG emissions from air transportation. This call to action for a more environmentally friendly option highlights the importance of synthetic fuels as they are more sustainable compared to traditional fossil fuels. An investigation was conducted into the thermal-physical properties of Synthetic Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) and the Low Temperature Combustion (LTC). LTC is composed of the Low Temperature Heat Release (LTHR) and Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) region, …

Cost-Effective Enablement Of Automated Driving Systems On Snow-Covered Roads, Nicholas Alan Goberville

Dissertations

The top reason for implementing automated driving features is to increase safety. Current deployed features like lane-keeping assist and adaptive cruise control have the ability to reduce collisions by up to 50%. However, due to perception limitations, these systems are only capable of operating in strict operational design domains. For example, the occlusion of lane lines introduced during winter weather conditions causes these safety systems to disengage. Companies targeting higher automated systems often use more expensive, high-fidelity sensors that may solve problems like this, but because of the high cost and minimal business model, deployments of such scope are unsustainable. …

A Meshless Approach To Computational Pharmacokinetics, Anthony Matthew Khoury

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

The meshless method is an incredibly powerful technique for solving a variety of problems with unparalleled accuracy and efficiency. The pharmacokinetic problem of transdermal drug delivery (TDDD) is one such topic and is of significant complexity. The locally collocated meshless method (LCMM) is developed in solution to this topic. First, the meshless method is formulated to model this transport phenomenon and is then validated against an analytical solution of a pharmacokinetic problem set, to demonstrate this accuracy and efficiency. The analytical solution provides a locus by which convergence behavior are evaluated, demonstrating the super convergence of the locally collocated meshless …

A Computer Vision-Based Method For Bolt Loosening Detection, Savannah Burdette

Honors Theses

Routine bolt-loosening inspection plays an essential role in managing and preventing the degradation of our nation’s highway bridges over time. Neglecting to perform these inspections could result in public safety concerns. The study of this thesis develops a cost-effective method of bolt-loosening detection based on computer vision. To this end, two input images of the bolted connections are collected at two different inspection times. The feature points are then identified from the input images, based on which a geometric transformation matrix is applied to correct any perspective differences between the two images. Next, we select the image patches of the …

Information-Based Particle Flow With Convergence Control, Kari C. Ward, Kyle J. Demars

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A new formulation of the Gaussian particle flow filter is presented using an information theoretic approach. The developed information-based form advances the Gaussian particle flow framework in two ways: it imparts physical meaning to the flow dynamics and provides the ability to easily include modifications for a non-Bayesian update. An orbit determination simulation with high initial uncertainty is used to demonstrate the consistent, robust performance of the information flow filter in situations where the extended Kalman filter fails.

Characterization Of Nonequilibrium Plasma Discharge In High Water Vapor Concentration, Malik Mohammad Tahiyat

Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, plasma discharge in liquid medium has been a topic of immense interest. Theoretical efforts have been pursued to obtain insight on physicochemical processes being influenced due to trace water vapor either being present as residual or provided at a known concentration. However, studies on discharge at high vapor content are limited. In this study, discharge characteristics of plasma in high water concentration (> 90%) are investigated experimentally for a pressure range of 1 – 15 Torr to maximize vapor loading without condensation. Voltage-current characteristics were obtained over 0- 14 mA of current for each operating pressure; current …

Fundamental Study Of Multiphase Solid/Molten Carbonate Membranes For Co2 Capture And Conversion, Xin Li

Theses and Dissertations

Due to the burning of fossil fuels and human activities, many greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere, which causes global warming and has a significant negative impact on the human living environment. Therefore, it is imperative to develop carbon capture technologies that can prevent carbon dioxide emission and reduce carbon dioxide concentration in the air. Further, if the captured carbon dioxide can be converted back to fossil fuels, the emission of carbon dioxide is delayed, and more time is gained to develop new and advanced carbon free and clean energy technologies. Motivated by this thought, …

Advancement Of New Solid-Oxide Iron-Air Battery (Soiab) Operated On High-Temperature Oxide-Ion Chemistry, Qiming Tang

Theses and Dissertations

Climate change caused by anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions such as the burning of fossil fuels for power generation and industrial processing is affecting the global climate. To address this critical issue, a transition from fossil energy to renewable energy, especially wind and solar, is necessary. However, to successfully realize this transition, a cost-effective and large-scale stationary electricity storage system is indispensable. In this work, a new type of solid-oxide iron-air battery (SOIAB) operated on high-temperature oxide-ion chemistry is studied for this purpose due to its unique cycling characteristics suitable for large-scale Long Duration Electricity Storage (LDES) applications.

In the …

Intelligent Toolpath Sequence Optimization Approach For Infinite Production Lines, Thanveer Ahammed

Theses

This thesis is concerned with developing a new mathematical model and software for finding the optimal toolpath for an infinite machine production line system. Existing total production time estimation for the Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining method is solved either on a single machine or in a single operation. The combination of airtime and tool switching time consumes most of the total production time, requiring multiple operations and multiple machine production line systems. A hybrid GA technique along with a modified TSP algorithm was used to find the minimal nonproductive time in these systems. This proposed mathematical model is coded …

The Effect Of Store-To-Store Energy Transfers On The Global Dynamics Of Aircraft, Guilherme Mainieri Eymael, Keegan J. Moore

UNL Student Research Days Posters, Undergraduate

This study analyzes the energy transfer mechanisms when nonlinear devices (stores) are attached to a linear model airplane. For that, a reduced-order model (ROM) was derived to simulate the first two flexible modes of vibration of the primary structure (aircraft) with one store in each wing. Each store can either be locked or unlocked. When locked, it only contributes as mass-effect, and when unlocked, it adds nonlinearity to the system. Simulations were then performed with either both stores locked, one store unlocked, or both stores unlocked. It was found that the attachment of nonlinear stores in the ROM changes the …

Polyaniline/Cobalt Nanoparticle Composite Films, Rifat Mahbub

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Polymer nanocomposites have been gaining attention because of the enhanced properties of the element materials it can offer. These composites have been used in biological sector as well as quantum computing and memory devices. These are also used as different kind of sensors. Polymer composites incorporated with magnetic nanoparticles can modify the magnetic property of the nanoparticles and that has huge potential to be used in different sort of applications.

This work aims to develop a polymeric nanocomposite incorporating a conducting polymer and magnetic nanoparticles. The influence of the conducting polymer on the magnetic property of the nanoparticles was investigated. …

Design And Characterization Of A Novel Reverberation Chamber For Measuring Sound Transmission Loss In 3d Printed Multimaterials, Trigun Dinesh Maroo

Theses and Dissertations

Acoustic localization of robots in indoor environments suffer from inevitable reverberation, for which, the use of unidirectional microphones as sensory receptors is preferred. While unidirectional microphones remain prohibitively expensive for ubiquitous usage, externally applying a custom structure around an inexpensive omnidirectional microphone can also grant it desired directionality. The structure can be fabricated via single or multimaterial 3D printing, and its effectiveness can be determined via its Sound Transmission Loss (STL). As an alternative to increasing thickness of a 3D printed single material structure, this research proposes the use of 3D printed multimaterial structures to achieve increased STL. The following …

Standards-Compatible Smoke Points For Mono- And Un- Substituted Cycloalkane Fuel Components, Adekunle Vincent Adeniyi

Theses and Dissertations

Emissions from the aviation industry have increased significantly over the decades and may continue to pose an environmental threat. Accordingly, efforts are being made to replace conventional aviation fuels with more sustainable alternatives that can both reduce net CO2 emissions as well as reduce other pollutants (i.e., particulates). Conventional jet fuels include aromatic species, which have high sooting tendency. Therefore, to reduce particulate emissions, the fuel aromatics content must be reduced. Cycloalkanes have potential for replacing aromatics content in jet fuel but, compared to other broad classes of chemical species that make up conventional and alternative jet fuel, there is …

A Non-Iteration Solution For Solving The Backward-In-Time Two-Dimensional Burgers’ Equation With A Large Reynolds Number, Yen-Shen Chang, Yung-Wei Chen, Chein-Shan Liu, Jiang-Ren Chang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This article proposes a noniteration solution based on the Lie-group shooting method (LGSM) to solve the backward-in-time two-dimensional Burgers’ equation with a large Reynolds number. The backward problem is famous for seriously ill-posed cases because the solution is generally unstable and highly dependent on the input data. Small perturbations in the input data, such as random errors inherent to the measurements in the analysis, can cause large oscillations in the solution. To handle a large Reynolds number under long time spans, it is very difficult to integrate towards the time direction. To avoid time integration and numerical iteration, the noniteration …

Polyketides And Terpenes In Marine Microalgae: Ecological Roles And Mechanisms Of Biosynthesis, Yunxuan Xie, Mohammad Elsheikh

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Marine microalgae comprise a large number of polyketides and terpenes identified to date with highly diverse molecular scaffolds and the biological activities (Kalaitzis et al., 2010). These compounds play significant roles in marine food web and nutraceutical supplementation in marine animals. Compounds of this class are often synthesized by gene clusters with dedicated domains responsible for carbon chain extension and modification. The unique molecular structure of these compounds encourages people to investigate their biosynthetic mechanisms in-depth. In this review, we summarize relevant articles to unravel the shared mechanisms of these compounds to further understand the variety of domain organizations and …

Unbaited Light-Emitting Diode Traps Performance For Catching Orange Mud Crabs, Muhamad Naimullah, Kuo-Wei Lan, Mhd Ikhwanuddin, Adnan Amin-Safwan, Wei-Yu Lee

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Mud crabs (Scylla spp.) are a vital fishery resource and targeted for a valuable source of income for coastal communities throughout the Indo-Pacific region. Baited traps are a considerable expense in crustacean fishing. Hence, the present study was performed to investigate the catchability of Scylla olivacea in response to light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in captivity and field conditions. We used a new experimental setup in the captivity condition that revealed most S. olivacea were attracted to green, blue, and white LED lights and no attractive effect by red LED lights similar to the controls. Field studies have shown that the catch …