Digital Commons Network^™

Thermal Runaway Analysis And Cooling Strategies For Nmc 523 Li-Ion Battery Packs Using Pcm, Heat Pipes, And Air Cooling, Vijethvardhan Singh

Master's Theses

The growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) necessitates efficient thermal management of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), especially NMC 523 cells. This thesis investigates thermal runaway (TR) mechanisms and evaluates cooling strategies to mitigate overheating risks. Using ANSYS Fluent, the TR of four cells in series was simulated and validated with Jun Wu et al.'s experimental data, achieving an error margin below 10%. Peak temperatures reached 1,126°C in the first cell, with delayed propagation in adjacent cells. Sensitivity analysis of voltage, current, and state of charge (SOC) under varying C-rates was performed using a multi-scale multi-domain (MSMD) battery model. A logarithmic voltage …

Analysis And Reflections On Key Platform Facilities Construction Of Global Biomanufacturing Industry, Xiaoyan Wu, Fang Chen, Yaoying Shan, Anjing Lu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Biomanufacturing, an emerging production method, is becoming a significant trend in global economic development and has garnered widespread international attention. Platform facilities are vital to the biomanufacturing industry’s development, serving as both the foundation for technological innovation and the bridge between research outcomes and practical applications. This study analyzes three key types of platform facilities and their operational mechanisms: technology innovation platforms (exemplified by the U.S. Agile BioFoundry), pilot-scale platforms (represented by European Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant), and industry incubation platforms (illustrated by the UK SynbiCITE). Drawing from these successful examples and examining China’s current platform infrastructure, this paper …

Myosin-Independent Stiffness Sensing By Fibroblasts Is Regulated By The Viscoelasticity Of Flowing Actin, Nikhil Mittal, Etienne B. Michels, Andrew E. Massey, Yunxiu Qiu, Shaina P. Royer-Weeden, Bryan R. Smith, Alexander X. Cartagena-Rivera, Sangyoon J. Han

Michigan Tech Publications

The stiffness of the extracellular matrix induces differential tension within integrin-based adhesions, triggering differential mechanoresponses. However, it has been unclear if the stiffness-dependent differential tension is induced solely by myosin activity. Here, we report that in the absence of myosin contractility, 3T3 fibroblasts still transmit stiffness-dependent differential levels of traction. This myosin-independent differential traction is regulated by polymerizing actin assisted by actin nucleators Arp2/3 and formin where formin has a stronger contribution than Arp2/3 to both traction and actin flow. Intriguingly, despite only slight changes in F-actin flow speed observed in cells with the combined inhibition of Arp2/3 and myosin …

Polymerizing Actin Regulates Myosin-Independent Mechanosensing By Modulating Actin Elasticity And Flow Fluctuation, Nikhil Mittal, Etienne Michels, Kathleen Pakenas, Shaina P. Royer-Weeden, Sangyoon J. Han

Michigan Tech Publications

The stiffness of the extracellular matrix induces differential tension within integrin-based adhesions. However, it has been unclear if the stiffness-dependent differential tension is induced solely by myosin activity. Here, we report that in the absence of myosin contractility, 3T3 fibroblasts still transmit stiffness-dependent differential levels of traction. This myosin-independent differential traction is regulated by polymerizing actin assisted by actin nucleators Arp2/3 and formin where formin has stronger contribution than Arp2/3. Interestingly, we report a four-fold reduction in traction of cells when both Arp2/3 and myosin were inhibited, compared to cells with only myosin inhibition, while there was only a slight …

Optimum Design Of Metallic And Plastic Cylindrical Gears Using Naturally-Inspired Algorithms: A Review, Marah Elsiedy, Hesham Hegazi, Ahmed Elkassas, Abdelhameed Zayed

Journal of Engineering Research

Abstract- Nowadays, several machinery and vehicles utilize mechanical elements which transmit power ranges from low, middle, and high levels depending on the type of equipment needed. Gears are the most influential design elements on any process during the running of a specific application, moreover engineers tried to obtain the optimality of a gear design which is a more compact, reliable- long service with simply operating features by following a systematic calculation of the mathematical model from standards and handbooks, however this process doesn't give the optimal design of the gears. Optimization techniques have been added to the design process for …

Enhancing The Performance Of Conventional Solar Still Using The Nano-Doped Paint (Ndp) Coating, Hagar Alm-Eldin Bastawissi Prof.Dr, Nermin Elgendy Engineer, Ayman R. El-Tohamy

Journal of Engineering Research

Nations are throughout the entire globe continuously confronting the problem of potable water shortage. Recently, it has been thought that using solar energy to desalinate brackish water offers a practical answer to the world's water crises. The output of these stills, is meager, and academics haven't done much to boost it in any way. Solar distillers have been proposed as an efficient method to produce potable water. In recent years, saltwater has produced drinking water by various ways. The efficiency of a solar distiller is significantly influenced by various factors, most important factor of them is the absorber surface. In …

Improvement Of Convective Drying Equipment, A Ponasenko, Jasur Safarov, Shaxnoza Sultanova

Technical science and innovation

Drying of agricultural raw materials is an energy-consuming but integral process. Therefore, increasing the efficiency of drying and improving the quality indicators of dried material at minimum material and energy costs is relevant for producers of agricultural products. By present time numerous researches on improvement of constructions and processes of work of dryers providing satisfactory parameters of energy saving have been carried out. In some scientific materials it is shown that the use of generative gas and straw as fuel allows to reduce energy costs for the drying process in the fluidised bed dryer by 10-30%, the quality of seeds …

Mathematical Modeling Of Fruit Drying And System Analysis Of The Process (On The Example Of Persimmon), Gani Dadayev, Jasur Safarov, Shakhnoza Sultanova, Qobiljon Muxiddinov

Technical science and innovation

Vegetable raw materials, as an object of drying, are characterized by a large amount of water and a low content of dry substances. Vegetable raw materials have a capillary-porous structure. Food products contain both bound and free moisture at the same time. The removal of moisture from the material during drying depends on the total moisture content and the form of connection of moisture with the material. Adsorption and osmotic - bound moisture is retained at the interface of colloidal particles with the environment. Food products contain both bound and free moisture at the same time. The quantitative ratio between …

Capacitive Electrode Based Moisture Measurement Converter Errors And How To Eliminate Them, Hamdam Jabborov, Temurbek Rashidov

Technical science and innovation

The article discusses the errors associated with the moisture measuring transducer that is based on the cylindrical electrode, along with their sources and calculation formulas for error elimination. The initial capacitance of the capacitive electrode humidity converter is dependent on its geometric parameters, such as the radii of the electrodes and their length. Accurate calculation of these geometric parameters enables the reduction of regular measurement errors in the input and switching circuit of the moisture converter to a minimum value, resulting in a significant increase in the informativeness and accuracy of the output signal. Consequently, some sources of measurement errors …

Comparison Of Empirical And Analytical Eigenfunctions As Bases For Reduced Order Methods In Heat Transfer, Jakob G. Bates, Matthew R. Jones, Christopher R. Dillon, John Tencer

Student Works

Reduced order methods using spectral representations show promise in facilitating and accelerating heat transfer analyses. This paper proposes a taxonomy for reduced order methods, classifying a method as reduced order compression, modelling, or analysis. The performance of bases formed with analytical and empirical eigenfunctions are compared for representative reduced order tasks. The Akaike Information Criterion is applied in a novel way to compare the performance of these bases. The present study finds that both bases are parsimonious for reduced order compression tasks. Empirical eigenfunctions are more robust to for reduced order modelling with variations in modelling parameters such as thermal …

Experimental Environmental Profiles And Sloshing Dynamics Aboard Zero-G Aircraft, Pedro J. Llanos, Sathya Gangadharan, Kevin Crosby

Publications

This study presents the results of a parabolic flight experiment to study the sloshing dynamics of the magneto-active propellant management device experiment. This device utilizes a magnetoactive membrane and magnets located external to the tank to effectively damp the liquid free surface motion. This research work establishes a benchmark with sloshing analytical formulation and sensor calibration methods that can be used to characterize future research parabolic flights while providing important environmental profiles measured during flight, such as accelerations, pitch angle, velocity, temperature, total volatile content, carbon dioxide, relative humidity, magnetic field, and radiation. Correlation between these flight variables and the …

Me-Em 2022-23 Annual Report, Department Of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Annual Reports

Table of Contents

• Research Updates
• Curriculum and Instruction
• Facilities
• New Faculty
• Research, Machine Learning
• Research, Ana Dyreson
• In Memoriam
• Student Success
• Alumni Profile and Activity
• Graduates
• Faculty Awards and Honors
• Patents and Publications
• Donors
• Grants and Contracts

Balsa Bridge, Caleb T. Lovett

All Undergraduate Projects

The problem presented throughout this report was to create a small-scale bridge made entirely out of balsa wood and glue, that could withstand substantial force, as well as perform a lifting/lowering cycle. Other requirements associated with the bridge were properties of weight, deflection, size, and shape. This problem presented a challenge that tested the mathematical side of engineering, being strongly reliant on statics, mechanics of materials, and mechanical design analyses.

To approach this problem, the first step was to complete in depth calculations of the chosen design. With this done, manufacturing and assembly was able to be completed. With a …

Dice Are Blessed Or Cursed, Warren Campbell, Cameron Miller

SEAS Faculty Publications

Dice are cursed or blessed; that is, they roll low or high, but they are never fair. They cannot be manufactured with uniform density and geometric precision. This is particularly true of 20-sided dice or D20s. Faces are smaller than 6-sided dice, and manufacturing tolerances are similar. However, some dice are fairer than others. In our studies of plastic-mold dice about 1 in 4 test fair in 3000 rolls. We have used different statistical tests, including chi-square, modified Kolmogorov Smirnov, and double binomial tests. Of these, the method that consistently performed better is the chi-square goodness of fit test. The …

Optimal Additive Fabrication Of Patient-Specific Bone Tissue Scaffolds Through Material Formulation, Computational Flow Simulation, And Material Deposition Monitoring, Ethan O’Malley

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The advancement of additive manufacturing technologies has opened new avenues for fabricating biocompatible and structurally functional bone tissue scaffolds, essential in treating osseous fractures, defects, and diseases. This research aims to develop mechanically strong, dimensionally precise, and patient-specific porous bone tissue scaffolds that provide both structural integrity and biological functionality. Through three interconnected studies, several key challenges in the fabrication of these structures using the PME additive manufacturing process are addressed. First, the influence of polysaccharide and hydroxyapatite concentrations on the compressive modulus of PME-printed porous scaffolds is investigated. By creating structures with varying hydroxyapatite and polysaccharide compositions, the study …

Investigating The Impact Of Stress And Irradiation Flux On Latent Track Formation In Tio2 Under Swift Heavy Ion Irradiation: A Phase Field Study, Ebrahim Ebrahimi

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Swift Heavy Ions (SHI) irradiation, characterized by high kinetic energy ions, induces significant material/structural modification, e.g., latent track. However, the intricate interaction among various physics, i.e., mechanical stress, phase transition, and heat transfer, has been ignored in the continuum-based approaches in favor of simplicity. Here, we developed a two-dimensional coupled phase-field inelastic-thermal spike (PF-iTS) model to investigate the effect of thermal crosstalk, elastic energy, and irradiation flux on latent track formation. A particular focus is placed on investigating the influence of internal mechanical stress on latent track formation. Simulation results reveal a shift in critical stopping energy and a reduction …

Design Of Multi-Objective And Optimal Sliding Mode Controller For Tracking Knee Joint Angle During Squatting And Normal Gait Motion, Gabriel Sitler

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This work presents two objectives for the use of robust sliding mode controller (SMC) in optimal and multi-objective settings to regulate the position of the knee joint angle for patients suffering from knee injuries. The controller imitates the role of active orthoses that produce the joint torques required to overcome gravity and loading forces and regain natural human movements. The first objective is to focus only on the knee, for which a mathematical model of the shank, the lower part of the leg, is derived first and then used for the control system design and computer simulations. Four objectives are …

Numerical Design, Fabrication, And Characterization Of Porous Tissue Scaffolds For Bone Regeneration, Brandon Coburn

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

With the recent advancements within biomedical engineering of bone tissue scaffolds, there is still a need to develop mechanically robust and biocompatible with low immunogenicity for bone regeneration. Additionally, the evaluation of the fluid dynamics of the porous Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces (TPMS) bone scaffold also shows the need for investigation due to the complex fluid interaction of hemodynamics that occurs with the scaffold internal and external domains. To aid in the development of treating bone fractures, defects, and diseases. Furthermore, with the induction of a wide variety of TPMS architecture that yields different topologies, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) …

Long-Term Simulation Of Stem Cell Mechanobiology, Manoochehr Rabiei

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

An accurate representation of cellular mechanobiology necessitates the inclusion of subcellular elements characterized by minute masses and dimensions. These minute objects yield multiscale dynamic models with disproportionate terms, which require inordinate amounts of computational time to simulate. The computational requirements limit the time span of the simulation to time histories shorter than one second, even when employing supercomputers. This work presents a high-speed approach to simulating the mechanobiology of stem cells. The proposed approach separates the computational time from the size, and distribution, of masses of the subcellular elements, enabling the simulation of weeks-long cellular processes within hours on a …

A Path To Commissioning Of Direct-To-Chip Liquid Cooling For Hyperscale Data Centers Using Experimental And Cfd Techniques, Himanshu Girishchandra Modi

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The escalating demand for computing power in hyperscale data centers necessitates innovative cooling solutions to enhance energy efficiency and ensure sustainable operations. Direct-to-chip liquid cooling has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional air-cooling methods, offering improved thermal management and reduced energy consumption. This dissertation explores a comprehensive approach to commissioning direct-to-chip liquid cooling systems in hyperscale data centers by integrating experimental analyses and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques. The study begins by examining design modifications for air-cooled servers and later analyzes the impact of different parameters for a hybrid-cooled server. It explores the fundamental principles of direct-to-chip liquid cooling …

Kissing Bond Assessment In Adhesive Bonded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites Using Dielectric Spectroscopy, Minhazur Rahman

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The widespread use of fiber-reinforced composites in industries such as space, aviation, automobiles, and construction necessitates the formation of robust composite joints between critical structural components. Although adhesive-bonded joints are superior with improved load distribution and reduced weight, they are often overlooked in favor of bolted joints and mechanical fasteners due to the lack of reliable Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) techniques for adhesive-bonded composites. The anisotropic nature of the substrate and the intricate interfacial interactions between the adherend and adhesive material present significant challenges for conventional NDE methods. Moreover, weak adhesive bonds can result from uncontrolled manufacturing parameters, such as accidental …

Introduce Ultrasound Fabry-Pérot Resonator For Attenuation Characterization And Sensitization Detection Of Aluminum-Magnesium Alloys, Songwei Wang

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The Ultrasound Fabry-Pérot Resonator (UFPR) is introduced as a novel technique for non-destructive evaluation and material characterization. By adapting optical Fabry-Pérot Resonator principles to ultrasonic systems, UFPR inherits advantages such as enhanced sensitivity, reduced uncertainty, and the capabilities of frequency-dependent analysis and fringe spectral analysis. This study focuses on UFPR’s application to ultrasonic attenuation characterization and sensitization detection in aluminum-magnesium alloys, which are critical for understanding microstructural changes and improving material performance.

The research was conducted in three systematic steps. First, time-frequency analysis was utilized to examine frequency-dependent attenuation behavior, establishing a foundation for ultrasonic attenuation characterization. Second, longitudinal UFPR …

Mathematical Modeling Of Heat And Mass Transfer In Multilayer Systems, Girish Krishnan

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Multilayer systems are commonly found in a number of engineering devices like Li-ion cells and vertically integrated semiconductor devices. Li-ion cells are widely used for various engineering applications, but they come with a drawback in the form of thermal runaway, and thermal abuse is one of the scenarios that leads to thermal runaway. On the other hand, heterogenous integration in chip and package level architectures is being implemented to keep up with Moore’s law. Modeling of heat and mass transfer in these systems is a topic of interest to improve performance and reliability.

The first segment of this dissertation will …

Nonlinear Guidance And Control Of Unmanned Aerial Manipulators For Delivering A Payload On A Moving Platform, Ravi Gyawali

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

Unmanned Aerial manipulators (UAMs) are a class of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with a manipulator. By combining the aerial mobility of a UAV with a manipulator's dexterity, these hybrid systems can perform a wide range of complex tasks while reducing risks and costs. As a result, they are increasingly being utilized for military, industrial, and agricultural applications.

The thesis presents a novel approach for a multi-UAM system to collaboratively deliver a payload on a stationary or maneuvering platform. A sliding-mode-based guidance law, sourced from existing literature, is integrated with a combined control technique for the UAVs and their respective …

Machine Learning-Based Methodology For Multi-Objective And Multi-Design Variable Optimization Of Finned Heat Sinks And Evaluation Of Electrochemical Additive Manufactured Heat Sink Designs For Single-Phase Immersion Cooling, Joseph F. Herring Ii

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Traditional air-cooling along with corresponding heat sinks are beginning to reach performance limits, requiring lower air-supply temperatures and higher air-supply flowrates, in order to meet the rising thermal management requirements of high power-density electronics. A switch from air-cooling to single-phase immersion cooling provides significant thermal performance improvement and reliability benefits. When hardware which is designed for air cooling is implemented within a single-phase immersion cooling regime, optimization of the heat sinks provides additional thermal performance improvements. This work investigates performance of a machine learning (ML) approach to building a predictive model of the multi objective and multi-design variable optimization of …

Rc Baja: Drivetrain & Chassis, Ahmad Adam

All Undergraduate Projects

The project's primary aim is to employ engineering techniques in the design and construction of an RC Baja car, ensuring the chassis and drivetrain are sufficient for participation in the ASME RC Baja competition. The suspension and steering system were entrusted to a teammate to contribute to the project's success.

In approaching this problem, various analyses were conducted during fall quarter, in deciding the design of the RC car. For example, one analysis established the necessary output power to attain a maximum speed of 25 miles per hour within a 15-second timeframe. The analysis employed acceleration and power equations …

Nasa Rocket Payload Airfoil Deceleration, Brycen Geck

All Undergraduate Projects

NASA Student Launch Initiative gave a requirement that a lander must descend to the ground from a height of 400-800 feet with predetermined human survivability without using parachute or streamers. Around sixty colleges were chosen from around the United States to compete in competition. This competition and data taken will help innovate the rocket and lander programs in full scale space exploration in the future.

Design of the payload involved intensive design, testing and aerodynamic analysis. Majority of the manufacturing revolved around 3D printing, aluminum 5051 sheet and carbon fiber vacuum bagging. PLA and PETG was used on components which …

Articulating Balsa Wood Bridge, Nate Harris

All Undergraduate Projects

This report describes the design, construction, and testing of a small-scale articulating balsa wood bridge that allowed passage over normally impassable terrain. The bridge was required to span a 400mm gap, while also articulating the midpoint of the bridge 140mm above its resting position. The bridge also needed to support a 20kg (44 lbs.) point load in the center of the bridge, and the bridge and articulation tower together needed to weigh less than 85 (0.19 lbs.) grams.

To construct the bridge, statics and mechanics of materials was used to design a truss that was calculated to support the load …

Dueling Robot, Abigail Coy

All Undergraduate Projects

This project was undertaken as a personal challenge to combine a Mechanical Engineering Technology degree and an Electrical Engineering Technology degree into a single final project showing the cumulative knowledge gained. It was determined that a robot to participate in Western Allied Robotics would be designed and manufactured for the 3 lb. weight class.

A two-part power system was designed to provide more power to the weapon arm. This design combined a compressive spring’s kinetic energy with the torque from the electric motor. Research determined all of the purchased components required and analysis were performed to determine the geometry and …

Design And Analysis Of Electrochemical Additive Manufacturing Based Cold Plates And Heat Sinks For Enhanced Electronics Cooling And Temperature-Dependent Density Characterization Of Phase Change Materials, Jacob Lamotte-Dawaghreh

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The body of work that comprises this dissertation is divided into two main sections. The first section is regarding novel heat sink and cold plate designs that leverage a metal additive manufacturing process called electrochemical additive manufacturing (ECAM) to drive increased thermal performance. The continuous advancements in electronics computational capabilities have resulted in ever-increasing thermal loads at the component and data center server level. These strides within the field are soon to be compounded by the rise of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies. Traditionally, high performance electronics components have been able to be cooled by forced-air cooling; however, the …