Digital Commons Network^™

Spatial Distribution Of Chinese Language Education And Historical Development Of Chinese Language Pedagogy In Higher Education In The United States, Jing Zhao

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This capstone project includes two major components: an interactive digital map that displays the geographical distribution of Chinese language programs in colleges and universities in the United States, their program starting years, the types of such universities and colleges, and their names and states; and a multimedia essay on the evolution of Chinese language pedagogy in colleges and universities in the United States. Data has been collected on the program start year, school names, states where schools are located, school types, and whether the school had been funded by two federal sponsored language programs: the National Defense Education Act in …

Investigating The Modulatory Effect Of Expectations On Memory Retrieval During Sentence Comprehension, Luca Campanelli

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Memory retrieval and probabilistic expectations are recognized factors in sentence comprehension that capture two different critical aspects of processing difficulty: the cost of retrieving and integrating previously processed elements with the new input words and the cost of incorrect predictions about upcoming words or structures in a sentence. Although these two factors have independently received substantial support from the extant literature, how they interact remains poorly understood. This study investigated memory retrieval, more specifically retrieval interference, and lexical-semantic expectations in three reading experiments, pitting these factors against each other to observe how they interact. Overall, results showed that retrieving and …

Tonal Adaptation Of Loanwords In Mandarin: Phonology And Beyond, Zhuting Chang

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study examines the tonal adaptation of English and Japanese loanwords in Mandarin, and considers data collected from different types of sources. The purpose overall is to identify the mechanisms underlying the adaptation processes by which tone is assigned, and to check if the same mechanisms are invoked regardless of donor languages and source types. Both corpus and experimental methods were utilized to survey a broad sampling of borrowings and a wide array of syllable types that target specific phonetic properties.

To maximally rule out the effect of semantic tingeing, this study examined English place names that were extracted from …

The Synchronic And Diachronic Phonology Of Nauruan: Towards A Definitive Classification Of An Understudied Micronesian Language, Kevin Hughes

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Nauruan is a Micronesian language spoken in the Republic of Nauru, a small island nation in the central Pacific. Lack of data and difficulty in analysis has hindered progress in better understanding Nauruan for decades, particularly regarding its phonology and its classification within the Micronesian family. Because of these challenges, earlier researchers have presented their work on Nauruan as highly tentative. This dissertation establishes more confident analyses of Nauruan phonology, sound change and classification, which have been made possible through original fieldwork.

Approximately one hundred hours of digital recordings have been collected as part of this research, including wordlists, phrases, …

Testing The Perceptual Magnet Effect In Monolinguals And Bilinguals, Michael C. Stern

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Previous research has demonstrated an apparent warping of the perceptual space whereby the best exemplars or ‘prototypes’ of speech sound categories minimize the perceptual distance between themselves and neighboring stimuli in the same category. This phenomenon has been termed the ‘perceptual magnet effect’ (PME). The present study extends work on the PME to a speech sound category previously unstudied in this paradigm (American English /æ/), and to bilingual speech sound representation and perception. American English monolinguals and Turkish-English bilinguals completed identification tasks, category goodness rating tasks, and same-different discrimination tasks with synthesized vowel sounds from the American English /æ/ category—not …

Phonologically-Informed Speech Coding For Automatic Speech Recognition-Based Foreign Language Pronunciation Training, Anthony J. Vicario

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) and computer-assisted pronunciation training (CAPT) systems used in foreign-language educational contexts are often not developed with the specific task of second-language acquisition in mind. Systems that are built for this task are often excessively targeted to one native language (L1) or a single phonemic contrast and are therefore burdensome to train. Current algorithms have been shown to provide erroneous feedback to learners and show inconsistencies between human and computer perception. These discrepancies have thus far hindered more extensive application of ASR in educational systems.

This thesis reviews the computational models of the human perception of American …

Ghost Peppers: Using Ensemble Models To Detect Professor Attractiveness Commentary On Ratemyprofessors.Com, Angie Waller

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In June 2018, RateMyProfessors.com (RMP), a popular website for students to leave professor reviews, removed a controversial feature known as the “chili pepper” which allowed students to rate their professors as “hot” or “not hot.” Though past research has rigorously analyzed the correlation of the chili pepper with higher ratings in other categories (Felton, Mitchell, and Stinson, 2004; Felton et al., 2008), none has measured the effect of the removal of the chili pepper on the text content submitted by students. While it is a positive step that the chili pepper has been removed, text commentary on teacher attractiveness persists …

Penggunaan Lakuan Tuturan Dalam Interaksi Semasa Kelas Bahasa Cina Peringkat Prasekolah, Yee Wah Lim

Student Works (2020-2029)

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti jenis-jenis lakuan tuturan yang digunakan oleh kanak-kanak prasekolah semasa mereka berinteraksi dengan guru dan rakan sebaya dalam kelas bahasa Cina di tadika. Pemerolehan bahasa dan perkembangan bahasa kanak-kanak masih berlaku pada peringkat umur mereka antara 4 tahun hingga 6 tahun (Piaget, 1964; Saxton, 2017). Data yang dikumpul melibatkan rakaman video semasa kanak-kanak prasekolah sedang belajar, menjalankan aktiviti, bermain dan berinteraksi dengan guru dan rakan sebaya. Justeru, kajian ini menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan dan kerangka analitikal yang diadaptasi daripada kerangka lakuan tuturan Searle (1976) dan Yule (1996), serta kajian-kajian lakuan tuturan yang terkini (Özge Gül, …

Beyond Exposure: Markers Of English Proficiency In School-Aged French–English Bilinguals, Erin Quirk

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Bilingual children show more variation in their language development than monolingual children, a fact that has been linked to their experience with their languages. Bilingual language experience also varies more than monolingual children's, both in terms of how much they hear the language spoken around them (exposure) and how much they speak the language themselves (production). This dissertation investigates the following aspects of the relationship between bilinguals’ language experience and development which are not well-understood: how children’s language production relates to their proficiency in that language, how children’s language exposure relates to receptive versus expressive and lexical versus grammatical skill, …

Computational Approaches To The Syntax–Prosody Interface: Using Prosody To Improve Parsing, Hussein M. Ghaly

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Prosody has strong ties with syntax, since prosody can be used to resolve some syntactic ambiguities. Syntactic ambiguities have been shown to negatively impact automatic syntactic parsing, hence there is reason to believe that prosodic information can help improve parsing. This dissertation considers a number of approaches that aim to computationally examine the relationship between prosody and syntax of natural languages, while also addressing the role of syntactic phrase length, with the ultimate goal of using prosody to improve parsing.

Chapter 2 examines the effect of syntactic phrase length on prosody in double center embedded sentences in French. Data collected …

Knowledge Of The Present Perfect By Albanian/English Bilinguals, Erjon Xholi

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This paper concerns the acquisition process of a specific part of English grammar by native speakers of Albanian. The focus is the English present perfect, and the similarities and differences that it bears to the Albanian Compound Perfective. The two constructions are made from similar parts, but they crucially differ in the aspectual nature of their participles. While the Albanian particle is perfective, the English is underspecified. We argue that the process of the acquisition of the PP by Albanian bilinguals is one where input, analogy, and direct grammar teaching do not suffice. We apply Generative Grammar logic to the …

The Interplay Between Interference Control And L2 Proficiency In L2 Auditory Sentence Comprehension In The Presence Of Verbal And Non-Verbal Masking, Jungna Kim

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Speech perception and comprehension in the presence of interfering auditory stimuli is a challenge for bilingual listeners (e.g., Ezzatian, Avivi-Reich, & Schneider, 2010; Krizman, Bradlow, Lam, & Kraus, 2017). How efficiently and skillfully listeners manage auditory interference may also be closely related to their ability to pay attention to a target and suppress irrelevant information. Based on Friedman and Miyake’s (2004) framework of interference control, this dissertation investigated the underlying mechanisms of late Korean-English bilingual individuals’ auditory interference control in the presence of auditory verbal and nonverbal masking and evaluated the potential interaction between L2 proficiency and interference control.

Two …

Du « Romance Au Romancé » : La Transformation De L’Épopée De La Guerre Civile Espagnole Dans La Traduction D’Urgence (Décembre 1936 – Février 1937), Carole Fillière

Al-Kīmiyā

The brotherhood of French intellectuals committed to fighting fascism took shape in an unprecedented project during the winter of 1936-1937: a special issue of the journal Commune, which included translations of 24 Spanish poems published in El Mono Azul from besieged Madrid for those on the front. Conceived in urgency as a response echoing wartime action-poetry, this translation subsequently evolved into a full anthology in February 1937, Le Romancero de la guerre civile. On the translation front, intellectuals thus demonstrated solidarity by reactivating a traditional Spanish epic form: the romance. The combined effects of time constraints, the …

« Errances, Discordances, Divergences ? Approches Interdisciplinaires De L’Erreur Culturelle En Traduction », Nada El Khoury

Al-Kīmiyā

Lacheny, M., Rentel, N., Schwerter, Stéphanie (dir.) (2019). Errances, discordances, divergences ? Approches interdisciplinaires de l’erreur culturelle en traduction. Berlin, Allemagne : Peter Lang, 351 p.

On dit souvent « l’erreur est humaine », partant de la locution latine errare humanum est qui signifie littéralement « se tromper est humain ». L’erreur est donc le propre de l’homme, cet être faillible qui, semble-t-il, ne détient pas de vérité absolue mais plutôt relative, parfois même précaire [...]

La Traduction Dans L’Enseignement-Apprentissage De L’Espagnol Langue Étrangère En Côte D’Ivoire, Djandue Bi Drombe, Karidjatou Diallo

Al-Kīmiyā

Translation has long been a pedagogical instrument of choice in the hands of the traditional method, before falling out of favor with the emergence of methods hostile to the intervention of the mother tongue in a foreign language class. As part of this tradition, and complying with a certain approach of the communicative method, the teaching of Spanish in the Ivorian second degree is marked by a strong tendency to refuse translation, especially in the evaluation. Through a survey of 270 first-year Spanish students, this contribution provides an overview of the real-life manifestations of translation in our Spanish high school …

« À La Recherche Du Temps Perdu » En Roumain. Le Patois De Françoise, Anca Lungu Gavril

Al-Kīmiyā

Part of a thesis about translating the Proustian idiolect, the article outlines the analysis of rendering patois, specific to Françoise. The two complete Romanian versions were achieved by Radu and Eugenia Cioculescu in the 60’s, and Irina Mavrodin in the 80’s. Linguistically significant for the servant class, Françoise speaks a savory French where 17th century French, patois, language faults, slang and innovations meet and overlay, making a clear analysis hard to accomplish. The article presents the expressive examples which underline translators’ disregard to idiolect, an aspect that ruins the prominent theme of the Proustian novel, the language.

Résumé
Extrait d’une …

Préface – Éthique Et Traduction, Marc De Launay

Al-Kīmiyā

Depuis bientôt un demi-siècle en France, les traducteurs, et notamment ceux qui se sont regroupés autour de l’Association des Traducteurs Littéraires de France (ATLF), ont cherché à faire reconnaître pour leurs travaux un droit moral qui a fini par leur être accordé [...]

التصورات الخاطئة بشأن الاختصاص في مجال الترجمة, Ahmed Alaoui, Rashid Yahiaoui

Al-Kīmiyā

The article raises the question of the relationship between theory and practice by examining the requirements of communication between translators/practitioners on the one hand and trainers and academics/theorists on the other hand. It focuses on the concept of “specialization” in the Arab World and on technical translation. It highlights a wide range of misunderstandings and misconceptions among all parties involved in the field of translation. This fact results from the inadequate transfer of knowledge in translation studies as well as from the lack of involvement of professional practitioners in the knowledge production process. In order to remedy this, the article …

La Complementariedad De Las Lenguas En El Code Switching: Un Principio Clave En El Bilingüismo, Noura El Sayed Rodríguez

Al-Kīmiyā

Complementarity is a principle and a sine qua non condition in code switching or in the bilingual communication process and is governed by its conditions, factors and components. The classic definition of code switching is the perfect switching of languages within the same communicative act. Bilinguals who have language skills in both languages often change code, those who speak one language much better than another, change less frequently. Such switching requires a high command of both languages as well as a complementarity between them. Something completely opposite to borrowing of words, where you really don’t have to master the language …

Introduction, La Rédaction De « Al-Kīmiyā »

Al-Kīmiyā

« Transformations : traduction et langues » est la thématique choisie pour deux numéros successifs de notre revue Al-Kīmiyā.
Le concept de transformation est présent dans plusieurs disciplines en sciences humaines et sociales ainsi qu’en sciences exactes. Il revêt à chaque fois une acception spécifique avec toutefois une dimension constante liée au changement [...]

La Traduction Entre La Subjectivité Et La Créativité. Fidélité Ou Trahison ?, Amal Arrame

Al-Kīmiyā

The perpetual debate concerning what we should expect from translators goes back to Greek mythology, as well as translation issues and how it relates to the truth. There are big differences between languages but translations have indeed existed and will continue to exist, although they are marked with failures and betrayal to the source text. Faithfulness and betrayal in translation are a dead-end dilemma, since translation enables us to discover foreign things in a new framework. Therefore, what may be seen as faithfulness for some may be perceived as literality and bad translation for others. The same goes for betrayal …

Insider Perspective: Attitude And Motivational Orientation Among Heritage Learners Of Japanese At Colleges In The Philadelphia-Area, Miki Gilmore

#CritEdPol: Journal of Critical Education Policy Studies at Swarthmore College

This study investigates the attitudes and motivational orientations of heritage learners of Japanese. Twenty-seven students enrolled in Japanese classes in colleges and universities in the Philadelphia area participated in this study. Participants fell into two categories: heritage learners (N=6) and foreign language learners (N=21). Data was collected through an online questionnaire consisting of both quantitative and qualitative sections. Descriptive statistics were used to determine participants’ attitudes toward Japanese language, people, and culture and primary motivational orientations toward learning Japanese. The Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the effect of heritage status on attitude and motivational orientation. Results show both …

Word, Meaning And Context, Elmira Abdulla Huseynova

Scientific reports of Bukhara State University

This article attempts to prove that there is a dynamic relationship between the meaning of a word and the context. The meaning of the word itself creates a context. In DVM the most marked meaning of a word is identified by socio-cultural factors. The most marked value of linguistic units has a psychological reality not only for the listener, but also for the speaker. When expressing intentions the speaker chooses words that are the most marked to express his intention.

Substansial Basis Of Syhtactic Constructions, Mekhriniso Kadirovna Abuzalova

Scientific reports of Bukhara State University

In this article the degree of potential unity of a wordform syntactic model (/WF/) in all types of sentences has been defined; it has been proven that the valency potential of /WҒ/ which has been formed as a result of mutual influence of the semantic valency of SSG(semantic-syntactic groups) belonging to /W/ and /Ғ/ garammatic valency can establish the contents of a semantic structure and its status in the sentence.

About The Language Of The Work «Gulistoni Bit-Turkiy», Yakub Siddikovich Saidov

Scientific reports of Bukhara State University

The article investigates some lexical-semantic and linguistic-poetic peculiarities of one of the important written sources of the XIVth century “Gulistony bit-turkiy” by Sayfie Saroyi. It should be noted that the linguistic features of this written source, which plays an important role in the history of the Uzbek literary language, the contribution of the talented poet and translator Sayfi Sarayi in the development of the Uzbek literary language have hardly been studied in Uzbek linguistics. The study of the poet's work in various aspects is important not only for Uzbek linguistics, but also for Turkology.

Actual Problems Of The Uzbek Linguistics, Gani Nasrullaevich Zikrillaev, Erkin Boltaevich Jumaev

Scientific reports of Bukhara State University

The article deals with one of the most urgent problems in the field of Uzbek linguistics- the linguistics of the text. The achievements of Uzbek linguistics in this field are mentioned briefly. The authors consider that at present time the text grammar is not paid enough attention at; problems related to linguistic-communicative peculiarities of some morphologic and syntactic units, , synonymy of simple and complex sentences, relationship between words and word combinations are recommended to be studied from the sociolinguisticl point of view.

Effects Of Learning A Second Language On English Academic And Low-Frequency Vocabulary Acquisition And Metalinguistic Knowledge, Hayriye Karliova

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study compared the possible effects of learning a language from the Italic branch of the Indo-European language family as a second language (L2), namely Latin and Spanish, on English academic and low-frequency vocabulary acquisition and metalinguistic knowledge of native English speaker (NES) undergraduates in their first language (L1), English.

The study sought to attain two objectives: first, it aimed to discover the effects of learning Latin and Spanish as L2s with respect to the vocabulary acquisition of NES undergraduates; second, it aimed to detect the effects these L2s in terms of metalinguistic awareness. In both cases, the focus was …

Languages And Worldview, Manon Allard-Kropp

Open Educational Resources Collection

Asking and answering questions about what culture entails and examines the fundamental properties and intertwining nature of language and culture. This text explores linguistic relativity, lexical differences among languages and intercultural communication, including high and low contexts.

Changes to a variety of OER works were made by Manon Allard-Kropp in the Department of Language and Cultural Studies to tailor the text to fit the needs of the Languages and World View course at the University of Missouri–St. Louis. Materials from the original sources have been combined, reorganized, and added to by the current author, and any conceptual or typographical errors …

21cleo: First Year Recap, 21cleo Research Team

21CLEO Research Project Blog Posts

In this post, we recap our experiences, accomplishments, and challenges. We hope that by reviewing the past year, we can provide a sense of where we've been and set the stage for things to come.

Internet Linguistics Final Project, Miranda Weinberg

Digital Humanities Curricular Development

The final project was the opportunity for students to explore some question in Internet Linguistics that interested them. They were asked to produce two final products: one academic paper, and one public-facing product. The paper followed the norms of a standard academic paper. The audience for this was the instructor, fellow student, and (potentially) a wider academic community. The public-facing product was an opportunity to be more creative with form. Students were asked to decide: What audience do you want to share this with, and how would that best be achieved? Students might record a video for YouTube; edit/create Wikipedia …