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The Delivery Dilemma: Unintended Consequences Of Cesarean Sections, Cecilia Odegard, Ellie Rose Piette Apr 2026

The Delivery Dilemma: Unintended Consequences Of Cesarean Sections, Cecilia Odegard, Ellie Rose Piette

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

Cesarean sections (C-sections) are a major surgical procedure intended to minimize the rate of maternal and infant mortality due to complications during birth. While they were originally intended to only be performed when medically necessary, rates of non-medically indicated C-sections have increased significantly. This poster examines the unintended consequences (UICs) that are associated with C-section delivery, focusing on both short-term and long-term effects. A major focus is how C-sections disrupt early microbial exposure during birth, which plays an important role in the development of the infant gut microbiome and immune system. Research has shown that infants born via C- section …


Nonenzymatic Glycation Of Human Serum Albumin Affects Its Structure, Properties, And Binding Interactions With Silver Nanoparticles, Monica Fairchild, Megan Kirk, Collin Kray Apr 2026

Nonenzymatic Glycation Of Human Serum Albumin Affects Its Structure, Properties, And Binding Interactions With Silver Nanoparticles, Monica Fairchild, Megan Kirk, Collin Kray

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

Most nanoparticles (1-100 nm), upon contact with proteins, form a “protein corona” which can alter the structure and function of proteins. Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant protein in blood plasma and acts as a major transport protein for numerous endogenous and exogenous compounds. In healthy individuals, 1-10% HSA is found in a glycated state, but significantly higher levels of glycated HSA (30% or more) are found in Diabetic individuals. This project investigates the effects of glycation on the structure, enzymatic activity, and antioxidant capacity of HSA and its binding interactions with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using a variety …


Climate Change-Related Effects On Carbon Emissions And Net Ammonification Across Lowland To Upland Soils From A High-Latitude Coastal Ecosystem, Jenna M. Ross, Karen H. Beard, Katharine C. Kelsey, Matteo Petit Bon, A. Joshua Leffler Apr 2026

Climate Change-Related Effects On Carbon Emissions And Net Ammonification Across Lowland To Upland Soils From A High-Latitude Coastal Ecosystem, Jenna M. Ross, Karen H. Beard, Katharine C. Kelsey, Matteo Petit Bon, A. Joshua Leffler

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

Warming, sea-level rise, and changing herbivory patterns are affecting ecosystem processes in northern coastal soils, including carbon and nitrogen cycling, although their combined effects are poorly understood. We studied the impact of these changes in a full-factorial microcosm experiment using four distinct soil types from the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta of western Alaska. Soil was collected from three coastal wetlands, which differ in flooding frequency and use by migratory geese, and one rarely-flooded upland tundra used by geese in late summer. Microcosms containing these soils were incubated for 16 weeks at 10°C or 18°C, with or without three short-term floods, and with …


Survival Of The Fittest: Extremophilic Actinomycetes As The Future Of Antibiotic Treatment, Kyley Nelson, Ben Reddan Apr 2026

Survival Of The Fittest: Extremophilic Actinomycetes As The Future Of Antibiotic Treatment, Kyley Nelson, Ben Reddan

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

The antibiotic resistance crisis is an emerging global health threat. In 2019 alone, 1.27 million deaths were attributed to antibiotic-resistant pathogens, and researchers predict the problem will worsen without intervention. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a primary model for this crisis because it utilizes genomic adaptations to bypass β-lactam antibiotics. Although temperate actinomycetes have historically provided the majority of clinical antibiotics, recent bioprospecting has revealed that extremophilic actinomycetes represent a critical untapped resource. These organisms exhibit several adaptations to thrive in extreme environments, which results in the production of novel secondary metabolites and resilient extracellular enzymes. This literature review …


Beyond The Brain: Environmental Forces Driving Α-Synuclein Misfolding And Toxic Aggregation In Parkinson's Disease, Emily Mccarthy Apr 2026

Beyond The Brain: Environmental Forces Driving Α-Synuclein Misfolding And Toxic Aggregation In Parkinson's Disease, Emily Mccarthy

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an advanced neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and the proliferation of protein aggregates within the brain. This capstone thesis investigates the unique biochemical environment of the gastrointestinal tract and whether it contributes to the formation of distinctive α-Synuclein (αSyn) aggregates affecting PD. Key promoters of αSyn aggregation include genetic mutations, oxidative stress, post-translational modifications, interactions with metal ions, and dopamine (DA) oxidation. These factors result in diverse structures such as oligomers, protofibrils, and fibrils, which result in unique functional outcomes, with oligomeric conformations leading to the highest level of neuronal toxicity. Evidence …


Discovering The Genetics Underlying Speciation Traits In Heuchera (Coral Bells), Tajinder Singh Apr 2026

Discovering The Genetics Underlying Speciation Traits In Heuchera (Coral Bells), Tajinder Singh

Honors Theses

Hybridization is a key evolutionary mechanism for generating biological diversity, ultimately shaping diversification and adaptation of plant lineages in natural and agroecosystems.  Our understanding of the frequency, distribution, and significance of hybridization is rapidly increasing, but the external driving forces that dictate why certain species hybridize, and others do not remain obscure. The physical traits that shape gene flow and trait sharing among species are likely to be among the key factors that directly control hybridization. Gene flow in most plants is mediated by pollinating insects and thus by pollination syndromes, which are suites of floral traits that have evolved …


Ai-Driven Multispectral Drone Monitoring For Afforestation In Arid Environments, Hesham Morgan, Ali Elgendy, Brandon Tran, Tamer Ismail, Mohamed M. Moursy, Yehya Kh. Shehadeh, Ahmed Elgharib, Ahmed Abdullah Al-Dughairi, Ali El Mubarak, Khaled Allam Harhash, Hesham El-Askary Apr 2026

Ai-Driven Multispectral Drone Monitoring For Afforestation In Arid Environments, Hesham Morgan, Ali Elgendy, Brandon Tran, Tamer Ismail, Mohamed M. Moursy, Yehya Kh. Shehadeh, Ahmed Elgharib, Ahmed Abdullah Al-Dughairi, Ali El Mubarak, Khaled Allam Harhash, Hesham El-Askary

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Monitoring large-scale afforestation projects in arid and semi-arid environments requires accurate, high-resolution, and repeatable methods to assess tree survival and growth. In this study, we integrated unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multispectral imaging with an advanced object detection framework to evaluate vegetation establishment in the Shuayb Al-Budai afforestation site, part of the Imam Turki bin Abdullah Royal Natural Reserve, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Multispectral datasets were acquired using a MicaSense Altum-PT sensor and processed through a masked Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (RCNN) with two backbone architectures: ResNet-101 and VGG19-BN. The Mask R-CNN–ResNet-101 model achieved superior performance, with an overall accuracy …


Elucidating The Role Of The Gastrointestinal Microbiome And Diet In Dopamine Release In Relation To Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder., Meaghan Mcdonald Apr 2026

Elucidating The Role Of The Gastrointestinal Microbiome And Diet In Dopamine Release In Relation To Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder., Meaghan Mcdonald

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

Currently affecting 340-580 million people worldwide, ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects how the brain controls attention, behaviour and impulses often beginning in childhood and continuing into adulthood. ADHD is known to be associated with monoamine neurotransmitters including dopamine. This work aims to uncover the ways in which metabolism of monoamine precursors in the gastrointestinal microbiome influences dopamine release in the brain. Previous studies have indicated that children with ADHD display distinct gut bacteria profiles with unique microbiota species that result in the disruption of monoamine precursor pathways of phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism. Emphasis on our western diet and …


The Big Picture Of The Small Intestine, Reagan Kangas Apr 2026

The Big Picture Of The Small Intestine, Reagan Kangas

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

Histology is the study of microscopic tissue structures and is used to understand the function of tissues and visualize the cellular organization within them. It is an important tool in biology and medicine, used for diagnosing disease (i.e., cancers, infections, inflammatory diseases, etc.) and studying organ structure and function. The goal of this poster is to compare preparation and staining techniques, specifically paraffin versus frozen sectioning methods, along with Masson’s trichrome versus hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. These methods differ in processing time, tissue preservation, and the level of detail they reveal under a microscope. This project uses small intestines …


Survival Of The Fittest: Extremophilic Actinomycetes As The Future Of Antibiotic Treatment, Ben Reddan, Kyley Nelson Apr 2026

Survival Of The Fittest: Extremophilic Actinomycetes As The Future Of Antibiotic Treatment, Ben Reddan, Kyley Nelson

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

The antibiotic resistance crisis is an emerging global health threat. In 2019 alone, 1.27 million deaths were attributed to antibiotic-resistant pathogens, and researchers predict the problem will worsen without intervention. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a primary model for this crisis because it utilizes genomic adaptations to bypass β-lactam antibiotics. Although temperate actinomycetes have historically provided the majority of clinical antibiotics, recent bioprospecting has revealed that extremophilic actinomycetes represent a critical untapped resource. These organisms exhibit several adaptations to thrive in extreme environments, which results in the production of novel secondary metabolites and resilient extracellular enzymes. This literature review …


The Impact Of Hybrid Insulin Peptides On The Two-Phase Decline Of C-Peptide In Type 1 Diabetes, Ashley Mehl Apr 2026

The Impact Of Hybrid Insulin Peptides On The Two-Phase Decline Of C-Peptide In Type 1 Diabetes, Ashley Mehl

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

This research aims to determine how the formation of hybrid insulin peptides (HIPs) contributes to the two-phase decline of C-peptide production in type 1 diabetes (T1D). C-peptide is used to determine the level of insulin production within human pancreatic beta-cells because it is secreted in equimolar amounts with mature insulin peptide. The two-phase decline is characterized by an initial rapid and exponential loss of beta-cell function, followed by a prolonged plateau phase of residual insulin secretion. During this plateau phase, residual beta-cells continue to generate HIPs through both enzymatic transpeptidation and spontaneous formation via anhydride intermediates. These processes are problematic …


Investigating The Synthesis And Antibacterial Activity Of A Main-Chain Cationic Polymer, Emily Smith Apr 2026

Investigating The Synthesis And Antibacterial Activity Of A Main-Chain Cationic Polymer, Emily Smith

Honors Theses

Antibiotic resistance is a growing threat to public health. Due to the overuse of antibiotics in agriculture, the overprescription of antibiotics, and the misuse of antibiotics by patients, antibiotic resistance is spreading at an alarming rate. As antibiotic resistance spreads, the antibiotics we depend on to treat common infections become ineffective. Therefore, it is imperative to develop novel treatments for infections that do not increase the prevalence of antibiotic resistance. One treatment being explored is the use of synthetic polymers with antibacterial properties. Synthetic polymers are advantageous because they can be synthesized from widely available precursors and their structure is …


Cleft Palate And The Coordination Of Wnt Signaling And Pax9 In Murine Palatogenesis, Landon Wyatt Apr 2026

Cleft Palate And The Coordination Of Wnt Signaling And Pax9 In Murine Palatogenesis, Landon Wyatt

Honors Theses

Cleft palate is a common craniofacial birth defect that arises when the molecular and morphogenetic events guiding secondary palate formation lose coordination during a narrow developmental window. In mice, successful palatogenesis requires the paired palatal shelves to grow vertically, elevate above the tongue, and fuse at the midline; disruption of any of these steps can result in clefting. Two important regulators of this process are canonical Wnt signaling and the transcription factor Pax9, both of which contribute to normal palatal mesenchymal growth and patterning during early development. This paper first examines whether altered Dkk1/Wnt signaling contributes to the Pax9-null palate …


Sex Or Survival: Does Wounding Elicit A Somatic Reproductive Tradeoff In Narnia Femorata Males?, Lillian E. Burbulis Apr 2026

Sex Or Survival: Does Wounding Elicit A Somatic Reproductive Tradeoff In Narnia Femorata Males?, Lillian E. Burbulis

Departmental Honors & Graduate Capstone Projects

Animals must partition resources into different life history traits resulting in tradeoffs because resources are finite. A tradeoff is the allocation of resources to one trait over another. Theory states that energy is allocated in a hierarchical fashion. For example, somatic maintenance should be a higher priority than reproduction, resulting in more resources being allocated to somatic maintenance compared to reproductive traits. The metabolic investment hypothesis states that energy must follow a hierarchical order prioritizing somatic maintenance over reproduction. Another hypothesis for energy allocation is the terminal investment hypothesis. This hypothesis states that energy will be allocated to reproduction over …


Mapping Mgmt Methylation Sites That May Predict Chemotherapy Success In Glioblastoma, Kennedy Bueno Apr 2026

Mapping Mgmt Methylation Sites That May Predict Chemotherapy Success In Glioblastoma, Kennedy Bueno

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults, with a median survival of 15 months post-diagnosis. Resistance to standard temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy is common and is strongly influenced by O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), a DNA repair enzyme that reverses TMZ induced DNA damage. Reduced MGMT expression is associated with greater TMZ sensitivity and improved survival. Although MGMT promoter cytosine-phosphate-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) methylation is linked to treatment response, the individual CpG sites responsible for MGMT silencing remain unclear. This research aims to identify which sites are necessary to suppress MGMT expression and increase TMZ sensitivity. This project will map …


The Effect Of Liquid Foliar Fertilizer And Pruning Combinations On The Growth Of Productive Phase Arabica Coffee Plants (Coffea Arabica L.), Syifa Djuita Putri, Alvito Krishna Balapradhana, Mira Ariyanti, Intan Ratna Dewi Anjarsari, Yudithia Maxiselly Apr 2026

The Effect Of Liquid Foliar Fertilizer And Pruning Combinations On The Growth Of Productive Phase Arabica Coffee Plants (Coffea Arabica L.), Syifa Djuita Putri, Alvito Krishna Balapradhana, Mira Ariyanti, Intan Ratna Dewi Anjarsari, Yudithia Maxiselly

Jurnal Kultivasi

In recent years, productivity decline in arabica coffee has become a real issue in Indonesia. This decay has been brought about by various external and internal factors that are beyond human control. Various factors, including suboptimal cultivation practices, take part in this process. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of pruning combined with foliar fertilizer application (coconut water and sugarcane molasses) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) on the vegetative growth of arabica coffee plants during the production phase. The research was conducted at Ciparanje Experimental Field, Universitas Padjadjaran, using a randomized complete block design with seven treatments …


Morphology And Bioactive Compounds Of Gurmar (Gymnema Sylvestre) With Potential As Antidiabetics, Neny Novita Yuliany, Abdillah Maulana Farhan, Putry Lazimatu Ziyaroh, Edia Fitri Dwinianti, Husnatun Nihayah, Mukhamad Su'udi Apr 2026

Morphology And Bioactive Compounds Of Gurmar (Gymnema Sylvestre) With Potential As Antidiabetics, Neny Novita Yuliany, Abdillah Maulana Farhan, Putry Lazimatu Ziyaroh, Edia Fitri Dwinianti, Husnatun Nihayah, Mukhamad Su'udi

Jurnal Kultivasi

The medicinal plant Gymnema sylvestre is widely known for its ability to lower blood sugar levels. This study reviewed the physical characteristics and bioactive compounds of G. sylvestre sourced from different regions, emphasizing its potential as an antidiabetic agent. Morphological analysis includes leaf structure, trichome presence, and other anatomical features, which can influence the plant's chemical profile. Phytochemical analysis, performed using techniques like GC-MS, identifies key bioactive compounds such as saponins, flavonoids, and gymnemic acids, which contribute to its hypoglycemic effect. The findings indicate that regional variations can affect the concentration and presence of these compounds, suggesting that environmental factors …


Mechanistic Insights Into Enterolactone-Mediated Glut4-Dependent Glucose Uptake, Merritt Smith Apr 2026

Mechanistic Insights Into Enterolactone-Mediated Glut4-Dependent Glucose Uptake, Merritt Smith

Senior Honors Theses

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States, with approximately 25% of healthcare expenditures directed toward its management and associated metabolic complications. In response to the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies, recent research has focused on bioactive compounds derived from dietary sources. In light of that, we identified the plant lignan matairesinol (MA) and its gut-derived metabolite, enterolactone (ENL), as agents capable of enhancing glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 differentiated adipocytes. These results suggest that enterolactone may represent a promising dietary supplement for improving glycemic control in patients with …


Analysis Of The Flavonoid Composition Of Honey Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, Bryce Phillips Apr 2026

Analysis Of The Flavonoid Composition Of Honey Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, Bryce Phillips

Honors Theses

Honey is a naturally occurring substance that has a complex composition including compounds such as flavonoids, that contribute to potential health benefits. Quantitative analysis of flavonoids in honey can be challenging due to their similar structural characteristics, matrix effects, and chromatographic peak separation issues. This study aimed to establish calibration curves for five flavonoids–kaempferol, luteolin, chrysin, myricetin, and quercetin– to estimate their concentrations in five honey samples from varying geographic origins. Liquid-liquid extraction was used to isolate the flavonoids from honey. High Performance Liquid Chromatography was utilized to establish calibration curves and analyze honey samples. The calibration curves assembled demonstrated …


Reinforcement Learning Improves Llm Accuracy And Reasoning In Disease Classification From Radiology Reports, Yishu Wei, Yi Lin, Adam Flanders, George Shih, Yifan Peng Apr 2026

Reinforcement Learning Improves Llm Accuracy And Reasoning In Disease Classification From Radiology Reports, Yishu Wei, Yi Lin, Adam Flanders, George Shih, Yifan Peng

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

Accurate disease classification from radiology reports is essential for many applications. While supervised fine-tuning (SFT) of lightweight LLMs improves accuracy, it can degrade reasoning. We propose a two-stage approach: SFT on disease labels followed by Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) to refine predictions by optimizing accuracy and format without reasoning supervision. Across three radiologist-annotated datasets, SFT outperformed baselines and GRPO further improved classification and enhanced reasoning recall and comprehensiveness.


Time And Dose Dependent Effects Of Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Exosomes On Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell Proliferation, Sylva Dinie Alinda, Anggraini Margono, Indah Julianto, Dini Asrianti Bagio Apr 2026

Time And Dose Dependent Effects Of Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Exosomes On Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell Proliferation, Sylva Dinie Alinda, Anggraini Margono, Indah Julianto, Dini Asrianti Bagio

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Background: Cell proliferation is essential for tissue repair and immunomodulation in regenerative dentistry. Adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (AD-SVF) is a promising autologous source for tissue engineering. Its exosomes (AD-SVF Exo), as cell-free products stable under ischemic conditions, represent an ethical and attractive modality for dental tissue regeneration and broader regenerative applications. Prior study indicates that AD-SVF Exo can enhance human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSC) migration and proliferation, particularly at low concentrations, but their detailed time- and dose-dependent proliferative effects remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the time- and dose-dependent effects of low-concentration AD-SVF Exo on hDPSC proliferation …


Evaluation Of Drug Use In Inpatient Care: A Retrospective Study At A Tertiary Hospital In Bandung, Indonesia (2024), Aliya Rosyidah Fitrianti, Athoya Delarosa, Husna Muharram Ahadi, Imam Adi Wicaksono, Falerina Puspita Apr 2026

Evaluation Of Drug Use In Inpatient Care: A Retrospective Study At A Tertiary Hospital In Bandung, Indonesia (2024), Aliya Rosyidah Fitrianti, Athoya Delarosa, Husna Muharram Ahadi, Imam Adi Wicaksono, Falerina Puspita

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Rational drug use is a critical component of improving healthcare quality. However, irrational prescribing remains a significant concern, particularly in developing countries like Indonesia. This study evaluates drug use patterns at a Type B hospital in Bandung using WHO standard: average number of drugs per prescription, percentage of generic drugs, antibiotics, injections, and adherence to the National Formulary. A retrospective, descriptive observational method was applied, using 2024 inpatient Drug Use Evaluation (DUE) data. Findings reveal an average of 3.4 drugs per prescription—slightly above the WHO standard (≤ 3.3); 68.4% of prescriptions used generic drugs (meeting the WHO standard ≥ 59%); …


Comparative Analysis Of The Quality Of Life Of Schizophrenic Patients On Antipsychotic Treatment Between Aripiprazole Monotherapy And Combination Of Risperidone-Clozapine At Mental Hospital In West Java, Taufiqurahman Taufiqurahman, Sani Asmi Ramdani Lestari, Ardilla Kemala Dewi Apr 2026

Comparative Analysis Of The Quality Of Life Of Schizophrenic Patients On Antipsychotic Treatment Between Aripiprazole Monotherapy And Combination Of Risperidone-Clozapine At Mental Hospital In West Java, Taufiqurahman Taufiqurahman, Sani Asmi Ramdani Lestari, Ardilla Kemala Dewi

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Quality of life (QoL) is a critical outcome measure in schizophrenia management, yet antipsychotic side effects may negatively impact patients' well-being. Objective: This study aimed to compare the QoL of schizophrenia patients receiving aripiprazole monotherapy versus a risperidone-clozapine combination at West Java Mental Hospital. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted at the outpatient clinic of West Java Mental Hospital from March to May 2025. The Indonesian version of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to assess QoL. A total of 58 outpatients with schizophrenia who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled, comprising 28 patients in the aripiprazole …


Creating A Unique Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carrier, Clayton Fuller Apr 2026

Creating A Unique Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carrier, Clayton Fuller

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

The purpose of this thesis is to explain the current state of alternative oxygen carriers and propose a new hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC) as a blood substitute/ blood therapeutic. Blood donation has drawbacks: risk of spread of infection, short storage time, and blood typing, and the current shortage. There are several possible modifications for hemoglobin to create a carrier (HBOC) which address specific issues related to allowing free hemoglobin to exist extra cellularly. One issue to address is vasoconstriction caused by nitric oxide scavenging, which has been solved by increasing the molecular weight of the HBOC via (co)polymerization, or by …


Exploring Protein-Protein Interactions: A Promising Avenue For Biomarker And Anti-Tb Drug Development, Rajwa Dwifauza Suryanto, Maritsa Widati Aqila Rumawan, Imam Adi Wicaksono Apr 2026

Exploring Protein-Protein Interactions: A Promising Avenue For Biomarker And Anti-Tb Drug Development, Rajwa Dwifauza Suryanto, Maritsa Widati Aqila Rumawan, Imam Adi Wicaksono

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

In 2023, tuberculosis (TB) reached its highest incidence with 8.2 million new cases reported by the World Health Organization (WHO). The virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is strongly governed by protein-protein interactions (PPIs) that regulate essential processes such as cell wall biosynthesis, immune evasion, and persistence. This study aims to map and analyze the mechanisms of key PPIs in MTB using a scoping review approach. Data was retrieved from PubChem and related literature with the keyword ``PPIs Network TB''. Our findings highlight crucial PPI-driven mechanisms, including the role of DprE1/DprE2 in arabinogalactan synthesis, VapB4/VapC4 in stress response and self-toxicity, ESX-1 …


Low To Moderate Intensity Home-Based And Online Exercise For Cognitive Health In Older Adults: A Narrative Review, Novita Salim, Melisa Intan Barliana, Anna Meiliana Apr 2026

Low To Moderate Intensity Home-Based And Online Exercise For Cognitive Health In Older Adults: A Narrative Review, Novita Salim, Melisa Intan Barliana, Anna Meiliana

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Cognitive decline represents one of the most pressing public health challenges associated with global population ageing, prompting growing interest in accessible and scalable exercise-based interventions. This narrative review synthesizes evidence from 15 randomized controlled trials to compare the cognitive effects of 3 exercise modalities in older adults across varying cognitive and functional profiles: conventional aerobic and resistance training, exergame-based interventions, and dual-task or multicomponent training. Interventions were evaluated on their capacity to improve global cognition, executive function, working memory, and attention, with additional consideration of adherence, supervision format, and implementation feasibility. The evidence consistently demonstrates that dual-task and multicomponent training …


Assessment Of Morphological Differences And Genetic Variation In Head Shape Of Florida Pompano Trachinotus Carolinus, Neriah Nicholas Apr 2026

Assessment Of Morphological Differences And Genetic Variation In Head Shape Of Florida Pompano Trachinotus Carolinus, Neriah Nicholas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Genomics research can inform selective breeding programs to improve broodstock and seedstock quality for the U.S. warmwater marine finfish aquaculture industry. Florida pompano Trachinotus carolinus serves as a model species for the industry due to its commercial value and ability to spawn in captivity. This study examined a growth abnormality observed in commercially produced juveniles in partnership with Aquaco Farms LLC. Twenty fish were collected, culled, and euthanized by Aquaco staff, then classified into two head types: “normal” and “concaved”. Eleven morphological measurements were recorded before and after freezing to assess head variation and storage effects. DNA from pectoral fin …


Food Fortification Strategies To Address Micronutrient Deficiencies In Cambodia: A Scoping Review Of Policy Implementation, Industry Capacity, And Public Health Outcomes, Sokha Yem, Sreypeov Tun, Sokunthea Kem Apr 2026

Food Fortification Strategies To Address Micronutrient Deficiencies In Cambodia: A Scoping Review Of Policy Implementation, Industry Capacity, And Public Health Outcomes, Sokha Yem, Sreypeov Tun, Sokunthea Kem

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Background: Micronutrient deficiencies remain a major public health challenge in Cambodia, with iron deficiency anaemia, iodine deficiency disorders, zinc deficiency, and vitamin A deficiency disproportionately affecting women of reproductive age and children under five. Food fortification—the deliberate addition of essential micronutrients to commonly consumed foods—has been widely recognised as a cost-effective population-level intervention to address nutritional gaps. Objective: To systematically map and synthesise existing evidence on food fortification strategies in Cambodia, focusing on policy implementation, industry production capacity and compliance, regulatory enforcement, and public health outcomes. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework and …


Growth And Yield Response Of Shallots To Npk, Nk, And Humic Acid Under Different Mycorrhiza Application, Alfu Laila, Endang Sulistyorini Apr 2026

Growth And Yield Response Of Shallots To Npk, Nk, And Humic Acid Under Different Mycorrhiza Application, Alfu Laila, Endang Sulistyorini

Jurnal Kultivasi

One strategy to increase shallot production is the utilization of microorganisms in the soil, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which is applied together with fertilizer. This research aimed to investigate the effects of different nutrient inputs and mycorrhizal association on the growth and yield of shallots. This study used a split-plot design with three replications as blocks. The main plot included four treatments: no nutrient inputs, NPK fertilizer, NK fertilizer, and humic acid, while the subplot involved the mycorrhiza application (with or without). The measured variables included growth (plant height and number of leaves) and yield (fresh weight and …


Estimating Leaf Area In Velvetleaf (Limnocharis Flava) And Kangkong (Ipomea Aquatica): A Precise And Non-Destructive Approach For Wetland Vegetables, Anggrika Riyanti, Benyamin Lakitan, Momon Sodik Imanudin, Muhammad Yazid Apr 2026

Estimating Leaf Area In Velvetleaf (Limnocharis Flava) And Kangkong (Ipomea Aquatica): A Precise And Non-Destructive Approach For Wetland Vegetables, Anggrika Riyanti, Benyamin Lakitan, Momon Sodik Imanudin, Muhammad Yazid

Jurnal Kultivasi

Developing a leaf-area estimation model for vegetable cultivars in wetlands is essential to optimizing agricultural cultivation practices. This study aims to develop a non-destructive model for leaf area estimation in wetland vegetable cultivars (velvetleaf (Limnocharis flava) and kangkong (Ipomoea aquatica)) using regression-based models. The plants were cultivated in a wetland system. Measurements of leaf length and width were taken on all leaves of each plant, using the product of length and width (L×W) as predictor. The regression models for estimating leaf area were adjusted from linear, zero-intercept linear, quadratic, and power. The optimal model was evaluated using the determination coefficient …