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Zoonoses In Modern Medical Practice, Tom Madhavan

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Zoonoses are infections transmitted by animals to man. Of the more than 50 such infections that are clinically significant, several are discussed in the articles by McIntosh and Madhavan and by Meyer and Adar in this issue of the Journal (pp. 7-13). These include brucellosis, leptospirosis, relapsing fever, Colorado tick fever, toxoplasmosis, psittacosis, and echinococcosis. The McIntosh and Madhavan article reviews the experience at Henry Ford Hospital with 60 patients, while the article by Meyer and Adar reports on an unusual case of echinococcosis of the spine and retroperitoneum that occurred at Haim Sheba Medical Center in Israel.

Back Matter

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Sunlight Induced Movement Of Planktonic Organisms And Their Relationships To Water Movements, John Calkins, Ed Colley, Jay Wallingford, Carol Hulsey, Kathy Lohr, Marc Bolling

KWRRI Research Reports

Previous studies have shown the planktonic organisms of various natural water bodies to be quite sensitive to the levels of solar ultraviolet radiation incident at the water surface in summer. It has been assumed that the majority of the phytoplankton are simply carried about in the mass of the water which they inhabit with little control of their position or sunlight exposure. Photosynthetic microorganisms must strike a delicate balance with regard to solar radiation; they must obtain enough visible light for adequate photosynthesis while avoiding an excessive exposure to the injurious solar UV-B radiation.

It is proposed that the circulation …

Recovery Time Course In Contractile Function Of Fast And Slow Skeletal Muscle After Hindlimb Immobilization, Frank Arthur Witzmann, D. H. Kim, Robert H. Fitts

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Contractile properties were evaluated in rats remobilized after 6 wk of hindlimb casting to evaluate the regenerative capacity of fast and slow skeletal muscles. Contractile parameters were determined in vitro (22ºC) in the type I soleus (SOL), type IIA and IIB extensor digitorum longus (EDL), and the type IIB superficial vastus lateralis (SVL). Immobilization (IM) shortened the SOL isometric twitch duration after which contraction time and half-relaxation time required 4 and 7 days to recover, respectively. In contrast, IM prolonged the twitch in the EDL and SVL and recovery required 14 and 7 days, respectively. Peak tetanic tension (g/cm^{2 …}

The Effect Of A 20-25 Calories % Fat Diet On Plasma Thromboxane B₂ Levels In Human Subjects, Carolyn Wernick

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Fourteen males with elevated blood lipids were given a 20-2.5 Calories % fat diet for 28 days. Fasting blood samples were drawn at zero, two, and four weeks and analyzed for plasma TXB₂ and serum lipids. Plasma TXB₂ was significantly increased the first two weeks with a subsequent decrease the final two weeks. Values were still significantly elevated at four weeks when compared with initial values. Serum cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were significantly decreased over the four-week period. No significant changes were observed in serum triglycerides.

Legume Distribution And Nodulation In Arapaho Prairie, Arthur County, Nebraska, L. A. Kapustka, J. D. Dubois

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Vegetational sampling of the legumes of Arapaho Prairie, located in the southwest portion of the Sand Hills of Nebraska, was conducted in June 1980. Lathyrus polymorphus, Petalostemon purpureum, Psoralea digitata and Amorpha canescens were the leading dominants. The overall density of legumes was 0.309 plants m^-2.

Of eight examined, only Petalostemon villosum and Glycyrrhiza lepidota supported large numbers of nodules. The others including the dominant legumes were unnodulated or had only a few, usually degenerate nodules.

It appears that the legumes are of minor importance in the overall N economy of Arapaho Prairie. Nevertheless since many …

Partial Reconstruction Of The Microvillus Core Bundle: Characterization Of Villin As A Ca(++)-Dependent, Actin-Bundling/Depolymerizing Protein, Paul T. Matsudaira, David Burgess

Dartmouth Scholarship

The brush border, isolated from chicken intestine epithelial cells, contains the 95,000 relative molecular mass (M(r)) polypeptide, villin. This report describes the purification and characterization of villin as a Ca(++)-dependent, actin bundling/depolymerizing protein. Then 100,000 g supernatant from a Ca(++) extract of isolated brush borders is composed of three polypeptides of 95,000 (villin), 68,000 (fimbrin), and 42,000 M(r) (actin). Villin, following purification from this extract by differential ammonium sulfate precipitation and ion-exchange chromatography, was mixed with skeletal muscle F-actin. Electron microscopy of negatively stained preparations of these villin-actin mixtures showed that filament bundles were present. This viscosity, sedimentability, and ultrastructural …

Predation By Wild Coyotes: Behavioral And Ecological Analyses, Michael C. Wells, Marc Bekoff

Ethology Collection

Predatory behavior of coyotes (Canis latrans) was studied between 1977 and 1980 in the Grand Teton National Park, Jackson, Wyoming. Major prey were voles (Microtus spp.), Uinta ground squirrels (Spermophilus armatus), pocket gophers (Thomomys talpoides), and grasshoppers (Locustidae). Coyotes typically rushed and ran down squirrels; when hunting mice, coyotes pounced and stabbed at them with their forepaws. Sequence structure was similar, though sequences directed to squirrels were significantly more variable. When juvenile coyotes hunted mice, sequences were similar to those performed by adults that hunted mice. Adults and juveniles were about equally successful. The size of prey last eaten influenced …

American Oryctini: Strategus Verrilli Ratcliffe Rediscovered And Described, And New Records And Comments For Other Strategus And Hispanioryctes (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), Brett C. Ratcliffe

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Strategus verrilli Ratcliffe was rediscovered on Dominica and is here redescribed, and a neotype is designated. A second specimen of Strategus craigi Ratcliffe (from the Huachuca mountains in Arizona) is reported and provides a new country record for this species. A female of S. ajax (Olivier) is reported from the Bahamas. Strategus monguilloni Voirin is reaffirmed as a synonym of S. mandibularis Sternberg, and the correct identification of the female allotype of S. gracilis Endrodi is questioned. Hispanioryctes wittmeri Howden and EndrCidi is reported from Haiti.

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 58, No. 1), Kentucky Library Research Collections

The Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Whooper Recount: A Close Look At These Endangered Cranes Reveals That, While Their Numbers Are Increasing, Their Rate Of Increase Is Actually Declining, Paul A. Johnsgard

Papers in Ornithology

I have assembled figures for the 43-year period from 1938 through 1980, and have subjected them to various kinds of analysis. During this period, 220 young and 1,437 postjuvenile birds have appeared on the wintering grounds. This works out to an annual recruitment rate of 13.3 percent. (This is not exactly the same as the birthrate, of course, since the loss of eggs, chicks, and juveniles prior to arrival at Aransas is excluded.) The recruitment rate provides an estimate of the rate of maximum annual population increase. One hundred fifty-four birds that had been counted in any given year failed …

Agricultural Experiment Station News February 1982

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FROM THE DIRECTOR'S DESK
PROFESSIONAL COURTESY
SAHS SEZ
SANDHILLS TASK FORCE FORMED
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
COMPETITIVE AND SPECIAL GRANTS
New Experiment Station Personnel
NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS - January 1982
Journal Abstracts - Submitted for Publication
BULLETINS PRINTED

Effects Of Insecticides On Nilaparvata Lugens And Its Predators: Spiders, Microvelia Atrolineata, And Cyrtorhinus Lividipennis, W. H. Reissig, E. A. Heinrichs, S. L. Valencia

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Thirty-five insecticides used on rice in Asia were tested in the field against Nilaparvata lugens. The most important predators of the pest, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis, Microvelia atrolineata, and predacious spiders, Lycosa pseudoannulata, Tetragnatha, and Araneus species, were also monitored in the test plots. Ten insecticides significantly reduced numbers of N. lugens, but propoxur and ethylan gave the most consistent and effective control. Most insecticides did not significantly reduce populations of spiders and M. atrolineata compared with untreated checks, but they did reduce numbers of C. lividipennis. Fifteen treatments caused resurgence of N. lugens, …

Selection Of Biotype Populations 2 And 3 Of Nilaparvata Lugens By Exposure To Resistant Rice Varieties, P. K. Pathak, E. A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The release of an insect pest-resistant variety and subsequent adaptation of the insect species to that variety through the process of biotype selection has occurred on many cultivated crops. The present study was designed to obtain detailed information on some of the processes involved in the selection of biotypes of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) on two rice varieties with different major genes for resistance. The N. lugens population selected for the study, which had originally been collected in the field and reared on a susceptible variety for 12 years (ca. 140 generations), initially had a low survival on the resistant rice …

Insecticide-Induced Resurgence Of The Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata Lugens, On Rice Varieties With Different Levels Of Resistance, W. H. Reissig, E. A. Heinrichs, S. L. Valencia

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Three rice varieties, IR29, IR40, and IR42, which are, respectively, susceptible, moderately resistant, and resistant to Nilaparvata lugens Stål in the Philippines, were treated in the field with decamethrin, an insecticide known to cause resurgence. N. lugens populations increased to a significantly higher level in the treated plots than in untreated checks, but the degree of resurgence varied among varieties. The maximum population increases in the treated plots compared with the checks were ca. 74-, 50-, and 5-fold, respectively, for IR29, IR40, and IR42. Decamethrin was toxic to predators, and this reduction of natural enemies of N. lugens may …

Resurgence Of Nilaparvata Lugens (Stål) Populations As Influenced By Method And Timing Of Insecticide Applications In Lowland Rice, E. A. Heinrichs, G. B. Aquino, S. Chelliah, S. L. Valencia, W. H. Reissig

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Resurgence of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) after insecticide application is a common phenomenon in rice in South and Southeast Asia. Among other insecticides inducing resurgence, carbofuran, decamethrin, and methyl parathion were selected for this study. Of the various methods of carbofuran application tested, foliar sprays were most active in inducing resurgence. Extent of resurgence was highly influenced by time of insecticide application. Sprays of methyl parathion and decamethrin applied 50 and 65 days after transplanting (DT) induced resurgence in the third generation of N. lugens at ca. 90 DT, whereas earlier applications had little effect. The cause(s) for resurgence was not …

Synthesis Of Low Molecular Weight Heat Shock Peptides Stimulated By Ecdysterone In A Cultured Drosophila Cell Line., Robert C. Ireland, Edward M. Berger

Dartmouth Scholarship

Treatment of Schneider's line 3 Drosophila cells with the steroid hormone ecdysterone rapidly stimulated the synthesis and accumulation of the polypeptide previously designated p7 [Berger, E. M., Ireland, R. C. & Wyss, C. (1980) Somatic Cell Genet. 6, 119-129]. In this report, p7 is identified as the 23,000-dalton heat shock polypeptide (hsp23). In addition to hsp23, the synthesis of the low molecular weight heat shock polypeptides hsp22, hsp26, and hsp27 was also stimulated by ecdysterone, although to different extents. Hybridization of a nick-translated genomic clone containing the hsp23 gene to a total RNA blot showed that ecdysterone stimulation of hsp23 …

Conception And Embryonic Development In The Beef Female, Ralph R. Maurer, Sherrill E. Echternkamp, William F. Pope

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Reproduction is an important economic trait in beef cattle production. The average percent calf crop for the United States has been estimated between 80 to 85%. Approximately 60% of the reduction in calf crop can be attributed to fertilization failure and embryonic death. We conducted several studies to determine at what stage of the reproductive cycle losses were incurred in normal reproducing cows and heifers and in cows and heifers that failed to reproduce. In addition, we measured hormone levels in normal range cows and heifers and used techniques like embryo transfer and culture to study the development of the …

Genetic Variation Among And Within Herds Of Angus And Hereford Cattle, Larry V. Cundiff, Keith A. Gregory

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Historically, beef cattle record of performance programs have by necessity expressed variation as deviations or ratios from herd means because differences between herds are believed to be large primarily because of environment. To the extent differences between herds are genetic, this procedure underestimates or overestimates breeding values of individuals relative to breed average depending on whether they are produced in herds of above or below average genetic merit for a breed. We conducted this study in cooperation with the American Angus Association and the American Polled Hereford Association, and designed it to separate and evaluate the relative importance of between-herd …

Lipid Synthesis In The Beef Animal, Ronald L. Prior, Stephen B. Smith

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Rates of in vitro fat synthesis from acetate and lactate were compared to the activities of enzymes thought to be involved in the process of lipid synthesis from lactate. Results of these studies indicate that lactate can be incorporated into fats by a pathway heretofore thought to be nonfunctional in ruminants, the citrate cleavage:malic enzyme pathway. Studies of the effects of age and diet on the enzymes of the citrate cleavage:malic enzyme pathway support the concept of a physiological role for this pathway in lipid synthesis in beef cattle.

Relationship Of Selected Beef Carcass Traits With Meat Palatability, John D. Crouse

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Relationships among selected carcass traits and cooked meat palatability were studied on 240 carcasses obtained from steers of different biological types produced under a wide range of feeding regimens. Breed type of steer or feeding regimen had little or no effect on correlations among taste panel (TP) scores for tenderness, juiciness, flavor, and general acceptability. Treatments also had little effect on correlations of conformation, lean color, lean texture, and final maturity with TP observations. Late maturing breeds of steers and steers fed on low energy regimens were rated more youthful than early maturing breeds of steers and steers fed on …

Beef Research Program Progress Report No. 1 (1982): Table Of Contents

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

ROMAN L. HRUSKA U.S. MEAT ANIMAL RESEARCH CENTER, Robert R. Oltjen........iii

BREEDING AND GENETICS

Sixteen years of selection for weaning weight, final weight, and muscling score in Hereford cattle: Robert M. Koch, Larry V. Cundiff, and Keith E. Gregory. . . . . . . . . . . .. 1

Effects of heterosis in Hereford, Angus, and Shorthorn rotational crosses: Larry V. Cundiff, Keith E. Gregory, and Robert M. Koch. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. 3

Heterosis and breed maternal and transmitted effects in beef cattle: Keith E. Gregory, Larry …

Effect Of Grain Source And Dietary Level Of Oat Hulls On Phosphorus And Calcium Utilization In The Growing Pig, R. L. Moser, E. R. Peo, Jr., B. D. Moser, A. J. Lewis

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three metabolism trials were conducted to determine the effect of grain source and dietary level of oat hulls on dry matter digestibility, P and Ca retention and intestinal phytase activity of growing pigs. Twenty-four crossbred pigs (39 kg)were used. Dry matter digestibilities of corn-based diets were greater (P<.01) than grain sorghum-based diets (74.7 vs 63.5%). Diets containing 10% oat hulls had lower (P<.01) dry matter digestibilities than diets containing no oat hulls (64.0 vs 74.2%).

The Suriname Small Mammal Survey: A Case Study Of The Cooperation Between Research And National Conservation Needs, Hugh H. Genoways, Henry A. Reichart, Stephen L. Williams

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

A cooperative program between the Foundation for Nature Preservation in Suriname and the Carnegie Museum of Natural History to survey the small mammals of Suriname is reviewed. The program has proven to be mutually beneficial and it is presented as a model for development of similar programs in the future. The technical assistance requested by the Foundation for Nature Preservation in Suriname concerned the distribution and natural history of small mammals, especially those occurring in the Nature Parks and Reserves. The Government of Suriname has established an excellent system of Reserves and Parks throughout the country. They are trying to …

Flora And Vegetation Of Five Natural Wetlands In The Kanawha And Ohio River Floodplains, Southwestern West Virginia, Bernadine Phillips Brumfield

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Flora and vegetation were studied in five natural wetlands along the Kanawha and Ohio Rivers, southwestern West Virginia. Vegetation was analysed using a stratified-ran­dom approach with nested quadrats along line transects. The abundance of dead trees suggests an overall increase in water level with time. One to three canopy species comprise 75 percent of the Basal Area at all five sites. Acer rubrum and Quercus palustris are the dominant species at the Winfield East, Winfield West and Pt. Pleasant sites. Salix nigra is the dominant species at McCausland Run site and Acer saccharinum is dominant at the Guyan Creek Oxbow …

Analytical Scanning Electron Microscopy For Surface Science, Olive Lee-Deacon, Claude Le Gressus, Daniel Massignon

Scanning Electron Microscopy

To correlate an electron image with surface properties requires thorough understanding of electron-solid interaction, secondary electron emission mechanism and operation functions of image detectors. We emphasize the importance and usefulness of combining electron spectroscopy with scanning electron microscope in interpreting electron image contrast. Linear relationships among secondary electron image (SEI) brightness, total emission current and the integration of electron energy distribution were measured. We propose that channeling effect, instead of primary electron diffraction, is the crystallographic cause of SEI contrast. Secondary electrons contribute most to SEI brightness because of their high constituent in total yield, not because of high efficiency …

Vascular Plants, Excluding Island Sites, Of Lake Of The Woods County, Minnesota, Janet Boe

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

It is likely that almost 150 newly-recorded items were collected and identified during a study of the vascular flora of Lake of the Woods county on Minnesota's northern border with Canada. This collection apparently extended the known range of a number of plants within the state and also noted sites of several plants of which there are only a few collections in Minnesota The study was conducted as part of the author's Master of Science degree program at the University of Minnesota.

Catalase Activity In Crown Galls, Helianthus Annuus, Mark C. Bildsoe

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Crown gall is a neoplastic disease in plants initiated by a specific bacterium, Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The objective of this investigation was to describe quantitatively the relationship between the autonomous growth of crown galls and the activity of the metabolic enzyme catalase. The catalase bioassay revealed a substantial increase In the amount of catalase present in tumor tissues as compared to corresponding healthy tissues in Helianthus annuus. Observations concerning growth activity of the two tissues indicated a significant growth increase in the crown galls.

Earthworms Of Two Minnesota Forest Areas, R. O. Morgenweck, W. H. Marshall

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

This paper reviews Lumbricidae records for Minnesota and reports on two collections in northern areas of the state. The first site, Itasca State Park, lies to the northwest with "Maple-basswood representative of climax forest to the south and southeast" and " Spruce-fir stands representative of climax forest to the north and northeast" (Buell and Gordon 1945). The Cloquet Forestry Center (CFC); site of the other collection, is near Duluth, 150 miles to the east, where the forests are largely coniferous. Here seven forest types, as described by Wenstrom (1973), and known to be used by American woodcock (Philohela minor), were …

A Vertebrate Survey Of Kasota Prairie, Kenneth Hessenius

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Kasota Prairie is a 30-acre tract of near-virgin prairie in Le Seur County, Minnesota. The vertebrate population at the prairie was studied to determine its significance as habitat for those species. Several species of birds which require prairie or prairie-like habitat were found to be nesting there. Many other avian species also utilize the area for feeding purposes. Small mammal populations were highly influenced by annual prairie maintenance burning.