Digital Commons Network^™

Mississippi’S Softwood Timber Potential: Private Nonindustrial Influences, Steven H. Bullard, G. H. Weaver, Willem W. S. Van Hees

Faculty Publications

Mississippi's long-run softwood timber potential was estimated for three input situations under a common set of economic and biological assumptions. Economic goals for sustained pine production were estimated using the computer program GASPLY with no restrictions, with private nonindustrial upland hardwoods excluded from type conversion and with private nonindustrial lands excluded from active forest management altogether. Estimated price-quantity equilibria ranged from $301 per thousand cubic feet (MCF) and 966 million cubic feet (MMCF) in the unrestricted case, to $1,226/MCF and 479 MMCF in the example with passive private nonindustrial management. Widely diffel'ing potential goals for pine product-ion highlight the degree …

Root Diseases And Blister Rust Associated With Bark Beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) In Western White Pine In Idaho, David Kulhavy, A.D. Partridge, R.W. Stark

Faculty Publications

Root systems of western white pine, Pinus montieola Douglas, were excavated with explosives and examined for pathogens. Data were also recorded on portions of the crown killed by blister rust caused by Cronartium ribieola Fisch. Statistical tests revealed a significant association between the bark beetles Dendroetonus ponderosae Hopkins and Pityogenes fossifrons (LeConte), and the root pathogen Armillariella mellea. (Vah!. ex Fr.) Karst and between beetles and all root diseases. Ninety-two percent of the trees attacked by bark beetles had root diseases, and 97% had either root diseases or blister rust. A discriminant analysis correctly classified 88% of the sample trees …

Southern Oak Woodlands Of The Santa Rosa Plateau, Riverside County, California, Earl W. Lathrop, Henry A. Zuill

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.

Mineral Migration In The Wheat Kernel During Mill Conditioning, A. Al Saleh, B. Bouchet, D. J. Gallant

Food Structure

The structure and histology of the kernel govern migration of water during conditioning or drying. Studies by the energy dispersive x-ray system under the SEM have shown that during an increase of water content from 11.5 to 16.5 per cent, soluble elements migrated from the peripheral bran, accumulated in the aleurone cells and passed through its walls to the endosperm of the kernel if the water content was above 14.5 per cent. Results of study were compared with analyses of milling fractions obtained under the same conditions.

Computer Programs For Analyzing Certain Classes Of 3-D Electrostatic Fields With Two Planes Of Symmetry, Norm Franzen

Scanning Electron Microscopy

At Tektronix, two classes of non-rotationally symmetric electrostatic lenses which lead to significant three-dimensional-field problems are currently under investigation. Extensive interactive computer programs have been developed to study these lens structures.

The first class is referred to as Klemperer lipped lenses; the accelerating quadrupole being the most important. Klemperer lenses are formed from shaped concentric cylindrical electrodes and employ two or three independent voltages. These lenses are predominantly of quadrupole type, but possess higher multipoles to correct for geometry distortion.

The second class of lenses, referred to as wafer-lenses, consists of lenses formed from spaced sequences of metal wafer electrodes …

Magnetic Electron Lenses, Wolfgang Dieter Riecke

Scanning Electron Microscopy

The electron optical properties of magnetic lenses are determined by the ratio S/D of gap width S to bore diameter D, by the actual size of the gap and by the lens strength NJ√U*. Objective lenses of particularly small aberrations are obtained if the specimen is positioned close to the center of the gap and if the width of the gap is made as small as possible. For projector lenses the best performance results if the lens is employed at its minimum focal length. Another aspect important for high resolution lenses is that a stigmator is available for the correction …

Progress In The Theory Of Electron-Beam Deflection, E. F. Ritz Jr.

Scanning Electron Microscopy

Analysis, simulation, and design of electron-beam-deflection systems are reviewed in light of the current state of theoretical understanding. A brief review of the physical principles is followed by a detailed discussion of electrostatic, magnetostatic, mixed-field, traveling-wave, and scan-expansion systems. Each methodology is examined from a triple perspective: calculation of electromagnetic fields, calculation of electron trajectories, and calculation of the ensemble of trajectories forming the beam. Applications discussed include deflectors for television displays, lithography, scanning microscopes, and CRT oscillography. Developments of the last ten years are stressed, thereby supplementing and updating the author's previous review on this subject.

In field calculation, …

Magnetic Electron Lenses Ii, T. Mulvey

Scanning Electron Microscopy

Conventional magnetic electron lenses have evolved to their present highly developed state under the pressure of meeting the exacting requirements of high resolution electron microscopy. More recently, however, the desire to extract quantitative analytical information from the specimen has led to significant changes in the design of electron optical systems. The introduction of efficient lanthanum hexaboride cathodes and high beam current field-emission sources has strengthened this tendency. In addition, more complex lens systems than previously envisaged are now possible since microprocessors can be employed to assist in the rapid and reliable readjustment of the lens system, including the extensive alignment …

Optimization Of Stroboscopic Electron Deflection Systems, H. Rose, J. Zach

Scanning Electron Microscopy

Highly corrected electron-beam blanking systems (EBBS) are required for analyzing fast periodic processes at submicron spatial resolutions by stroboscopic methods. The deleterious degradation of the probe during the blanking operation can be avoided by a new straight-vision deflection system. Chopping of the beam is performed within this system by deflecting it across a knife edge. Calculations demonstrate that this system should be able to generate almost rectangular beam pulses with rise times of a few picoseconds and spot sizes smaller than 0.5 µm. The proposed EBBS consists of two wedge-shaped plate capacitors located symmetrically about the midplane of a rotationally …

Electron Image Simulation: A Complementary Processing Technique, Michael A. O'Keefe

Scanning Electron Microscopy

At present it is difficult to use direct image processing techniques to determine the specimen structure from electron micrographs obtained under non-linear imaging conditions, and impossible when the effects of dynamical scattering are strong (as in the case of thicker specimens). However, computing techniques are available to simulate high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images of postulated model structures. With these techniques it is possible to confirm the validity of interpretation of recorded micrographs, to help analyze crystal defects, to characterize microscope parameters, and to determine the ranges of validity of commonly used interpretive approximations. Because processed micrographs can lead to …

A Computer Controlled Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope Equipped With An Energy Analyzer For Special Investigations On Electron Diffraction- And Channeling Patterns, W. Hylla, H.-J. Kohl, H. Niedrig, D. Wendtland

Scanning Electron Microscopy

A scanning electron microscope was equipped with a double tilting stage, driven by stepping motors, to investigate electron channeling patterns (ECPs) and large angle convergent beam patterns (LACBPs) of single crystals. Transmitted electrons may be energy-selected by a magnetic sector-field energy analyzer. The recording of experimental data and the experimental arrangement are controlled by a microprocessor system, including a picture storage unit of 512 x 512 pixels of 16 bit. Recorded patterns can be stored on 1 Megabyte floppies.

A set of useful programs allows one to perform calculations with stored patter ns, e.g., contrast enhancement or -inversion, noise reduction, …

Displays: Market And Technologies, Steve Blazo

Scanning Electron Microscopy

Displays provide the essential human interface to virtually all electronics instrumentation. The market is large with new applications appearing every year; sometimes with profound impact. Digital watches with liquid crystal displays appeared in the early 1970s and have virtually wiped out the mechanical timepiece industry. Personal computers with cathode ray tube (CRT) displays are proliferating with diverse applications in the industry and in the home. Work stations with high-resolution color displays are changing the way architects, draftsmen, and IC designers perform their job. The CRT is the dominant technology in today's market, and will, no doubt, continue to be for …

Field Emission Source Optics, L. W. Swanson

Scanning Electron Microscopy

The use of field emission processes as a means of generating high brightness sources of both electrons and ions is becoming of increasing practical use in electron/ion optical systems. A review is given of the source optics and emission characteristics of a zirconium oxide coated, <100> oriented, tungsten (Zr0/W(l00)), thermal field emitter electron (TFE) source and a liquid metal ion source (LMIS). The primary interest at present is the use of these high field sources in microprobe focusing columns where beam sizes of < 0.5 µm and target current densities of ~ 1 to 10 A/cm² (in the case of a LMIS) and 10² to 10⁴ A/cm² (in the case …

Synthesis Of Electron Lenses, M. Szilagyi

Scanning Electron Microscopy

This paper is a review of different approaches to one of the most ambitious goals of Electron and Ion Optics: to produce elements and systems with prescribed first-order properties and minimal aberrations. Synthesis of such elements is usually done in two steps: the first is a search for a field distribution with the given properties and the second is the reconstruction of electrodes (pole pieces) that would produce this field distribution. The first problem can be solved by the use of different techniques: Calculus of Variations, Dynamic Programming or Function Minimization. The second one is more complicated and requires a …

Extracellular Enzyme Production By Rhizopus And Mucor Species On Solid Media, D Thompson, Broderick Eribo

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

Solid media were employed to determine the presence and absence of extracellular enzyme production by two genera of fruit-rot fungi, Rhizopus and Mucor. The results of this investigation revealed that phosphatase was released into the cultural medium by all the fungi examined; however, only R. oryzae, R. tritici, M. mucedo, and M. piriformis showed the possibility of being high producers of the enzyme. Protease, urease, ribonuclease, pectate lyase, and polygalacturonase, at varying levels of activity, were detected, in the majority of the fungi, in the cultural medium.

Iowa Academy Of Science Leadership Directory And Membership Roster, 1984-85, Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Contents:

Board of Directors ... 3
Section Chairs ... 4
Section Vice Chairs ... 7
Committees ... 9
Award Recipients ... 25
Past Presidents ... 27
Membership Roster ... 28
Sprecial Directors ... 38

Ec84-1757 Who's Who In Great Plains Songbirds, Ron J. Johnson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Habitat is where wildlife live. It contains all things needed for survival, such as shelter, food, water, and space. There are different types of habitat, each supporting different kinds of wildlife. Examples of habitat types include woodlands or areas with trees, grasslands, old fields, brushy areas, or wetlands.

This publication describes several favorite birds and includes information on their special habitat needs, unique characteristics, nesting sites, where they are found, and their habits or behavior. If you want to help the feathered wildlife described in this publication - or just about any wildlife for that matter - think habitat. You …

Effect Of Monensin, Estradiol Controlled Release Implants And Supplement On Performance In Grazing Steers, J. F. Wagner, H. Brown, N. W. Bradley, W. Dinusson, W. Dunn, N. Elliston, J. Miyat, D. Mowrey, J. Moreman, L. C. Pendlum, C. Parrott, L. Richardson, Ivan G. Rush, H. Woody

Panhandle Research and Extension Center

Five trials in five locations in the United States involving 512 steers were conducted to evaluate the effect of monensin [200 mg/d in .9 kg of supplement (Rumensin)] and estradiol- controlled release implants (Compudose) administered alone and in combination on average daily gain (ADG) in steers on pasture. The effect of energy supplementation on rate of gain was also evaluated in these same trials. The initial weight of steers averaged 250 kg and the average duration of the five trials was 124 d. Estradiol-controlled release implants increased ADG by 15.6% (.095 kg/d; P<.0001) and monensin increased ADG by 8.1% (.054 kg/d; P<.05). The combination of estradiol-controlled release implant and monensin increased ADG by 27.4% (.I68 kg/d). Treatment responses were additive relative to ADG response, with no interaction observed between the treatments. Nine-tenths kilogram of an energy supplement/d increased ADG by 12.4% (.073 kg/d; P<.Ol).

Discrimination And Generalization Of Leaf Damage By Blue Jays (Cyanocitta Cristata), Pamela G. Real, Ruth Iannazzi, Alan C. Kamil, Bernd Heinrich

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

Blue jays (Cyanocitta cristata) responded to projected black-and-white silhouettes of cherry leaves that were either undamaged or were damaged by either cryptic caterpillars that disguise leaf damage due to their feeding or by noncryptic caterpillars that do not disguise leaf damage due to their feeding. Pecks to the key on which the images were projected were reinforced only if interresponse times fell within specified temporal boundaries. These boundaries were different in the presence of the two types of leaf damage. Following training with one exemplar of each damage type, the jays correctly categorized novel instances of both types. …

An Ultrastructural Study Of Transmitting Tissue Development In The Pistil Of Lilium Leucanthum, Stanley R. Gawlik

Biology Faculty/Staff Publications

A study of developing transmitting tissue of Lilium Leucanthum pistils was undertaken in order to correlate structure with function. Lining the stylar canal are stigmatoid cells which contain a secretory zone consisting of a labyrinth of wall ingrowths characteristic of transfer cells. The functional feature of the labyrinth is a high surface-to-volume ration that facilitates an intensive transmembrane flux of solutes. Stigmatoid cells in various stages of development and maturation have been investigated with the aid of electron and light optics in conjunction with cytochemical techniques. During the development of the secretory zone, vesicles, formed by hypersecretory dictyosomes, fuse with …

Two New Species Of The Siphonoecetes Complex From The Arabian Gulf And Borneo (Crustacea: Amphipoda), J. L. Barnard, James Darwin Thomas

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

A new species, Siphonoecetes arabicus, is described from the Arabian Gulf, and a new species B. wongi is described in the new genus Borneoecetes from Borneo. The former species does not fit recently described subgenera, thus indicating a necessary reassessment of those taxa.

Population Dynamics Of Ludwigia Leptocarpa (Onagraceae) And Some Factors Affecting Size Hierarchies In A Natural Population, Rebecca W. Dolan, Rebecca R. Sharitz

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

1. Germination cohorts of Ludwigia leptocarpa, a semi-aquatic annual plant were marked in the field at time of establishment and followed through the 1981 and 1982 growing seasons at a site in southern South Carolina.

2. Data from each cohort were pooled to determine demographic characteristics of the population as a whole, then analyzed separately to determine the effect of time on germination on survivorship, relative growth rate, and adult size.

3. Changes in numbers of L. leptocarpa fit a Deevey Type II survivorship curve. This and other characteristics of the species classify it as ‘r-selected’. Aspects of the life history may reflect …

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Limitations On Spatial Memory In Mice, Robert H.I. Dale, Martin Bedard

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Rats have an impressive ability to remember locations they have visited. Two experiments used an eight-arm radial maze to determine whether mice showed two important characteristics of this spatial memory: its durability, and its dependence on stimuli outside the maze (extreme stimuli). In Experiment 1, food-deprived mice were allowed to eat from four of the eight arms of the maze then, after delays of 5 sec, 1 min, or 5 min, they were permitted to choose the remaining arms. Choice accuracy declined significantly with the longer delays, but always remained above chance. In Experiment 2, the maze was rotated 180° …

Social Transmission Of Behavioural Traditions In A Coral Reef Fish, Gene Helfman, Eric T. Schultz

EEB Articles

Traditional behaviours involve the non-genetic transmission of social information across age classes or generations. French grunts (Haemulon flavolineatum) exhibit social traditions of daytime schooling sites and twilight migration routes. Individuals transplanted to new schooling sites and allowed to follow residents at the new sites used the new migration routes and returned to the new sites in the absence of resident fish. Control fish with no opportunity to learn showed no such directionality or return. This is the first demonstration of apparent pre-cultural behaviour in free-living fish. Our observations suggest additional classes of behaviour and taxonomic groups in which …

Acanthohaustorius Pansus, A New Species Of Sand-Burrowing Amphipod From Looe Key Reef, Florida Keys, With Redescription And Distribution Data Of Acanthohaustorius Bousfieldi Frame, 1980 (Amphipoda: Haustoriidae), James Darwin Thomas, J. L. Barnard

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

A new species of sand-burrowing amphipod, Acanthohaustorius pansus, is described from carbonate sands of the Florida Keys Reef Tract. This is the first time the predominantly cold-water genus Acanthohaustorius has been reported south of Virginia coastal waters. Acanthohaustorius bousfieldi Frame, 1980, originally described from Long Island Sound, is refigured and reported from shell-hash sediments off the central Atlantic coast of Florida. A revised key to the species of Acanthohaustorius is presented.

Effect Of Membrane Filtration Of Antimalarial Drug Solutions On In Vitro Activity Against Plasmodium Falciparum, J. Kevin Baird, C. Lambros

United States Public Health Resources

Antimalarial activities ofchloroquine, mefloquine, amodiaquine, and quinine in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum were diminished as a consequence ofmembranefiltration. Filtered drug solutions gave ID₅₀ values up to 25-fold greater than those of non-filtered (ethanol-sterilized) drug solutions. Loss ofactivity byfiltration was overcome by increasing the drug concentration prior to filtration. Water solutions filtered through Millex-GSfilter units consistently showed an absorbance maximum at 277 nm, accompanied by a lesser peak at 225 nm. Water filtrates from Nucleopore and Millex-G Vfilters showed no absorbance at 277 nm and only slight absorbance was evidentfor the Gelmanfilter unit. Activity losses were attributed to extractable contaminating …

Distinct Examples Of Immunologic Analysis In Molecular And Cellular Biology: Small Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins And The T Cell Receptor, David E. Fisher

Student Theses and Dissertations

Since the discovery (Tan and Kunkel, 1966; Mattioli and Peichlin, 1971; Sharp, et al., 1972) of human SLE autoantibodies directed against RNA-protein complexes in eucaryotic nuclei, a great deal of interest has been generated regarding both the relationships of antibody specificities to disease and the biological roles of the recognized antigens. These antibodies are some of the many autoantibody species which have been described in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as well as other rheimatic disease conditions. A common feature of many of these reactivities is the apparent nuclear localization of antigen. Study of the antibodies as well as these antigens …

The Nonenzymatic Modification Of Proteins By Steroids And Dna By Reducing Sugars; In Vitro And In Vivo Studies, Richard J. Bucala

Student Theses and Dissertations

A number of studies have demonstrated that small metabolites can react nonenzymatically with proteins to form covalent, addition products. An example of this type of reaction is the modification of hemoglobin A by glucose to form the minor species hemoglobin A_1c. In this case, glucose reacts by forming a reversible Schiff base adduct with the N-terminal valine of the β-chain of hemoglobin. The Schiff base intermediate then slowly undergoes an Amadori rearrangement to produce a stable ketoamine addition product. The following studies investigate two novel aspects of nonenzymatic addition reactions. The first is the demonstration that ketolic steroids, …

Research Objectives In Vertebrate Pest Control, A J. Oliver

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The European rabbit, introduced into Australia in 856 by an early settler for hunting, caused massive losses to agricultural production in Western Australia in 1940s and 1950s.

In those years most of the country's recources and efforts allocated to vertebrate pest problems were aimed at controlling this animal.

Research and control measures by Commonwealth and State agencies, including the introduction of myxomatosis, were largely responsible for reducing the rabbit problem to the comparatively minor one it is now.

Today, the Agricultural Protection Board is involved in the control of a much wider range of mammals and birds which cause losses …

The Bush Tick, R B. Besier

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A newly discovered livestock parasite has focused attention on farms in the Walpole district in the south-west of Western Australia. Ticks submitted to the Department of Agriculture in December 983 were identified as the bush tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis. An intensive campaign to locate areas of infestation and to limit spread was started in January 1984.

The bush tick is a pest of livestock in some areas of New South Wales and Queensland. It is important in a narrow coastal strip from Sydney to Brisbane where total summer rainfall can exceed 1000 mm. In this area heavy tick infestation causes …