Digital Commons Network^™

Pearson Syndrome: Expanding The Clinical Spectrum Of A Mitochondrial Cytopathy-A Case Report, Alizah Faisal, Hooria Waqas, Hania Masood, Armeen Butt, Saad Rahman, Muhammad Sheraz Hameed, Syed Rafay Hussain Zaidi, Ali Iqbal, Muhammad Usama Naveed

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Pearson syndrome (PS) is a rare multisystem mitochondrial disorder characterized by single large-scale mitochondrial DNA deletions (SLSMDs). It typically presents in infancy with refractory sideroblastic anemia, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, and failure to thrive. Due to its heterogeneous manifestations and resemblance to other hematological conditions, early diagnosis remains a clinical challenge.

CASE PRESENTATION: A south asian male infant presented with persistent pancytopenia, severe anemia unresponsive to intravenous and oral iron and multivitamin supplements, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, failure to thrive, and metabolic acidosis. Born to consanguineous parents, the child had a significant family history of early infant deaths and hematological abnormalities. …

The Unexpected Role Of Conditionality In Shaping Relational Values: Insights From An Incentive-Based Conservation Program In Bolivia, Brooke Mcwherter, Will Munger, Zhao Ma, Claudia Radel, Laura Zanotti, Jonathan Bauchet, Ricardo Godoy

Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty Publications

As global change accelerates, Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) programs have become increasingly important tools for addressing the interconnected challenges of land degradation, biodiversity loss, water scarcity, and climate change. PES programs provide incentives to individuals or communities, conditional on people adopting sustainable natural resource management practices to support or increase ecosystem service provisioning. Although conditionality is considered a “PES-defining feature,” little is known about how conditionality is perceived by community members and how such perceptions influence their participation in and experience with PES programs. To address this gap, we conducted an extensive qualitative study of Watershared, an incentive-based conservation …

Multi-Ancestry Polygenic Risk Scores For The Prediction Of Type 2 Diabetes And Complications In Diverse Ancestries, Alicia Huerta-Chagoya, Joohyun Kim, Ravi Mandla, Yingchang Lu, Ken Suzuki, Lauren E. Petty, Hong Kiat Ng, Jaewon Choi, Simon Lee, John Blangero

Human Genetics Publications

Background: Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) improve prediction of the development of type 2 diabetes over the use of clinical risk factors alone; however, they perform poorly in populations of non-European ancestry, limiting their global clinical utility. We aimed to deliver comprehensive and rigorously tested multi-ancestry PRSs for prediction in type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We conducted meta-analyses using data from type 2 diabetes genome-wide association studies (GWAS) across cohorts from five major global ancestries: European, African or African American, Admixed American, South Asian, and East Asian. We used summary statistics from the GWAS to construct single-ancestry PRSs (using the continuous-shrinkage PRS-CS …

Mosaic Loss Of Y Chromosome Associates With Lung Function, Emphysema, And Epigenetic Aging, Woei Yuh Saw, Kangjin Kim, Yichen Huang, Jeong H. Yun, Xiaolong Ma, Jason Bacon, Yash Pershad, Daniel Levy, George T. O’Connor, John Blangero

Human Genetics Publications

Rationale: As the global population ages, identifying risk factors for age-related diseases, such as COPD, is crucial for public health. Mosaic loss of Y chromosome (mLOY) in blood cells is an age-related somatic mosaicism event, but its relationship with pulmonary health remains undercharacterized. Objectives: To examine the association between mLOY and pulmonary outcomes in men. Methods: Leveraging mLOY assessment (cell fraction ≥ 5%) in over 12 000 men, including 5097 from the COPDGene Study and 7235 from six additional cohorts in the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine program, we investigated mLOY associations with respiratory outcomes and epigenetic aging using multivariable cross-sectional, …

A Remarkable Diversity Of Syngnathid Fishes In A Highly Modified Large Coastal Embayment In The Southeastern Indian Ocean, Glenn I. Moore, Jenelle A. Ritchie, Georgia M. Nester, Glenn A. Hyndes, Alan J. Kendrick

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Southern Australia supports a high diversity of fishes in the family Syngnathidae, which is recognised as globally threatened, facing threats from coastal development, over-exploitation and bycatch. In southwestern Australia, Cockburn Sound houses a large industrial port and naval defence assets with plans to substantially expand the port facilities but also sits within a recognised syngnathid ‘hotspot’. Using a broad array of data sources, including historical museum vouchers, published records, historical and contemporary observations from notebooks and diving surveys, historical and contemporary trawl surveys, citizen science observations and environmental DNA, we compiled 4839 records of syngnathid fishes from the embayment. Twenty-one …

Afforestation Strategies In Semi-Arid Mediterranean Ecosystems: Experimental Evidence From Chmistar, Lebanon, Ahmad Saker, Mohammad Saleh, Wael Mostafa, Safaa Baydoun, Jamilah Borjac, Dalia El-Badan

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

The success rate of broadleaf tree growth in semi-arid Mediterranean environments is reduced in afforestation operations constrained by water scarcity, shallow soil depth, and intense competition from herbaceous vegetation. This study, conducted between 2022 and 2024 in Chmistar, East Lebanon, using a completely randomized block design, aimed to evaluate the impact of three planting broadleaf trees techniques (traditional digging pits , hoedad tools, and auger digging) and four effective vegetation control (herbicide application, mowing,  mulching, and no control) on the early growth of three native broadleaf tree species (Pistacia palaestina, Quercus calliprinos, and Quercus infectoria ).

The …

Analysis Of Priority Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Using The Paho-Adapted Hanlon Method In Bogor City In 2024, Sonia Annisa Br Ketaren, Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono, Bai Kusnadi

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) remain a major public health challenge despite substantial progress in immunization programs. In Indonesia, routine immunization coverage has shown a post-pandemic recovery trend; however, disparities in access to health services and surveillance quality persist across regions. This study aimed to determine priority VPD problems in Bogor City and identify factors contributing to the highest-ranked disease. A mixed-methods study was conducted in Bogor City from October 2024 to January 2025. Quantitative prioritization was performed using the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)-adapted Hanlon method across eight VPDs. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants and analyzed …

The Multifaceted Medicinal Properties Of Momordica Charantia: Insights Into Phytochemistry And Therapeutic Applications, Maham Ashfaq, Haroon Ur Rashid, Javaria Ashfaq, Shazia Ramzan, Fatma Hussain

Journal of Bioresource Management

Momordica charantia (bitter melon) is a significant medicinal plant, having been long used in traditional medicine in Asian, African and South American systems. M. charantia is more than a traditional medicine; by consolidating existing evidence, it is a promising source of drug discovery and can serve as a complementary in contemporary therapeutics. Over the last several decades, it has become the subject of contemporary biomedical studies due to its abundance of phytochemicals, such as saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and polypeptides. These bioactive compounds present a wide range of pharmacological processes that M. charantia can be a natural solution to some of …

Principal Leadership As A Predictor Of Teacher Performance: Evidence From An Indonesian Elementary School, Irminapinem Pinem, Antonius Remigius Abi, Hamela Sari Sitompul

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

Teacher performance is a critical determinant of educational quality and student achievement, making the identification of factors that influence teacher effectiveness an important area of educational research. Among these factors, principal leadership has been recognized as a key organizational variable that shapes teachers’ professional practices and instructional performance. This study aimed to examine the relationship between principal leadership and teacher performance at State Elementary School Raya Kahean, Simalungun Regency, Indonesia. The study employed a quantitative correlational research design involving 52 teachers selected through total sampling. Data were collected using two structured questionnaires measuring principal leadership and teacher performance. The principal …

Comparative Screening Of Cytotoxic Potential Of Berberis Aristata And Senna Alexandrina Extracts, Rida Noor Akhtar, Javaria Zahoor, Rizwan Ullah Khan, Aziz Ullah, Naila Malkani

Journal of Bioresource Management

Medicinal plants provide a safe and efficient source of drugs for cancer treatment. Berberis aristata and Senna alexandrina are traditionally used to treat several ailments because they contain compounds with antimicrobial, antitoxic, anti-inflammatory, and other properties. The objective of the study was to prepare crude ethanolic extracts of B. aristata and S. alexandrina and to determine their cytotoxic potential against cancer cells. Ethanolic extracts were prepared for both plants. Hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) were used for all assays. The cytotoxicity of extracts was determined by 3‑(4,5‑Dimethylthiazol‑2‑yl)‑2,5‑diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using various concentrations of extracts. The obtained sub-lethal concentrations were used …

Crispr/Cas9-Based Genome Editing: Understanding Differences In Dna Repair Pathways, Profiles, And Outcomes, Samuel Effah, Shirley Barrera, Nahia Urturi Ortiz, Will Dampier, Michael Nonnemacher, Brian Wigdahl

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

Over a decade of advances in Clustered Regularly Interspersed Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9)-based technologies have culminated in the first-ever FDA-approved CRISPR/Cas-based therapy. Aside from this approved therapy for sickle cell anemia, several CRISPR/Cas-based therapies are currently under development or testing for a range of chronic diseases, including viral diseases like human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, genetic diseases like familial hypercholesterolemia, and cancer. The success of these therapies hinges on the effective delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 components to target regions, efficient Cas endonuclease editing, repair profiles generated, and their resulting outcomes. Here, we discuss the …

Protective Effects Of Yogurt Against Sodium Fluoride-Induced Liver Dysfunction In Rabbits, Rasool Bux, Rehana Buriro, Shamsuddin Bughio, Kashif Ali Malak, Muhammad Aqeel, Fayaz Ali, Ali Raza, Abdul Sallam

Journal of Bioresource Management

Fluoride (F-) is among the most important compounds that can damage hepatic tissue and increase level of ALT, ALP, Bilirubin, GGT, and decreases the albumin. Present study was conducted to explore protective role of yogurt on hepatic dysfunction induced by sodium F- at different doses. Animal were divided into seven experimental groups (6 rabbits/group). Group A (Control), Group B (F- 50 mg/kg), Group C (yogurt 15 g/kg), Group D (F- 50 mg + yogurt 15 g/kg), Group E (F- 100 mg/kg), Group F (yogurt 30 g/kg), Group G (F- 100 mg/kg B.W. + yogurt 30 g/kg). In F- treatment groups …

Endophytic Actinobacteria: Deciphering Therapeutic And Industrial Potential, And Prospects Of Genome Mining In Novel Products Discovery, Yusra Waheed, Rabia Shahdin, Imran Sajid

Journal of Bioresource Management

Endophytic actinobacteria are a diverse group of Gram-positive bacteria with high G+C content, which inhabit plants’ internal tissues, and represent a significant yet underexplored reservoir of bioactive secondary metabolites. In host plants, a remarkable repertoire of metabolites, including broad-spectrum antibiotics, anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory compounds, is synthesized by these microbial allies, carrying significant medicinal and agricultural potential. These endophytes, in contrast to their soil relatives, have developed unique biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) strongly influenced by plant-associated factors, leading to the production of structurally novel metabolites. In recent years, the advances in genome mining, metagenomics, and metabolomics have accelerated …

Liver Function Test (Lfts) Revealed Ameliorative Effect Of Probiotics And Antibiotics As Therapeutic Agents Against Experimentally Induced Enterotoxemia In Goat, Muhammad Mohsen, Jam Kashif Zaman, Amjad Hussain Mirani, Nazeer Hussain Kalhoro, Benazir Sahito

Journal of Bioresource Management

Present study was conducted to evaluate the various liver enzymes in experimentally induced enterotoxemic goat inorder to ensure the therapeutic potential of probiotics and antibiotics. Experiment was conducted at Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam in which 35 non-descriptive goats were housed and experimenatally induced with enterotoxemia by inoculation of Clostridium perfringens culture surgically by performing laparotomy into intestine. After apperence of positive clinical signs of infection, goats were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups i.e. Group 1 (negative control), Group 2 (positive control), Group 3 (yogurt, 5 % solution, 50 mL/time), Group 4 (Yeast, 5 % solution, …

Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles And Clinical Dynamics Of Listeriosis In Small Ruminants: A One Health Review, Muhammad Aqeel, Pervez Ahmed Khoso, Amjad Hussain Mirani, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro, Abdul Ahad Soomro

Journal of Bioresource Management

Although the incidence of listeriosis is much lower in small ruminants, it has implications for food safety, herd health and appropriate antibiotic usage as well as zoonotic potential. Both have been reported to be robust pathogens and Listeria monocytogenes is generally recognized as the most common etiologic agent, but in ovine or caprine abortion it should be included as a significant differential diagnosis. This is a narrative one health review that summarizes status of the information published to date on the epidemiology and clinical signs of infection, resistance patterns found and diagnosis and prevention methods employed in small ruminant populations. …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Association Of Babesiosis In Cattle And Buffaloes In District Naushahro Feroze, Sindh, Pakistan, Kazim Raza, Amjad Hussain, Sajid Moin, Huzaifa Arain, Muhammad Mohsen, Maria Abubakar, Erum Bughio, Barkat Ali

Journal of Bioresource Management

Background: Bovine babesiosis is a protozoan disease that is transmitted by ticks and has significant veterinary and economic impacts on tropical livestock systems. Prior to this study, no epidemiological data was available of Sindh, Pakistan.

Purpose: To estimate the Babesia spp. prevalence and estimate the risk factors with respect to cattle and buffaloes in five tehsils of District Naushahro Feroze, Sindh, Pakistan.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using 200 blood samples (100 Thari cattle; 100 Kundhi buffaloes; both sexes) in five tehsils (Kandiaro, Moro, Mehrabpur, Bhiria and Naushahro Feroze). Thin blood smears under Giemsa stain were viewed under oil-immersion …

Evaluation Of Heavy Metal And Health Risks Of Well Water In Abobo, Osara And Osaragada Communities In Kogi State, North-Central, Nigeria, Muhammed Haruna Isah, Blessing Ahmed, Dauda Tanko, Adang Kombe Lucas

Journal of Bioresource Management

Human health may be at risk if drinking water contains excessive amounts of heavy metals (HMs). To determine risks related to heavy metals, fifteen water samples were taken every month between July and September, 2024 from the communities of Abobo (Site A), Osara (Site B) and Osaragada (Site C) close to Confluence University of Science and Technology, Osara. These samples were tested for ten HMs (Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn, Co, Cd, As, Cr, Hg, Pb) with the aid of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. The average concentration ranges as follows: Fe (0.378-0.511 mg/l), Cu (1.643-1.720 mg/l), Ni (0.31-0.556 mg/l), Zn (0.17-0.271 mg/l), …

Isolation, Quantification, And Characterization Of Microplastics In Atmospheric Fallout Across Different Areas Of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, Muhammad Rizwan, Aqib Javed, Muhammad Javed Islam, Kashif Riaz, Asif Bilal, Muhammad Nasir, Ayesha Ali

Journal of Bioresource Management

Microplastics have become widely dispersed in our environment, and even in the air we breathe. The present research aims at identifying and determining the amounts of microplastics present in atmospheric fallout over Lahore city, which is characterized by a large population and several manufacturing industries. In order to find out the existence of microplastics, samples of atmospheric fallout were collected from various sites across hustling municipalities of Lahore that included urbanized settlements. The analysis disclosed that there are various forms of microplastic fibers, fragments and granules indicating different sources of pollution. The identified ones varied from 114.485 µm to 2034.731 …

Sensitivity Of The Mangrove Forest In The Joal-Fadiouth Marine Protected Area (Senegal) To Climate Variability (Rainfall And Temperatures), Eugenie Marie Mossane Sene, Elhadji Faye, Sylvie Brizard Zongo, Hippolyte Ditona Tsumbu, Jean-Claude Micha

Journal of Bioresource Management

Mangroves provide coastal communities with a multitude of ecosystem services. This is the case in Joal-Fadiouth. A study on its mangrove dynamics revealed a decline in area between 1974 and 2004, followed by a gradual trend after it acquired Marine Protected Area (MPA) status in 2004. Given the importance of this mangrove, the research focused on analyzing its evolution associated with rainfall and temperature variability. To do this, Spearman’s Rho correlation coefficient was performed between mangrove areas in 10-year increments from 1974 to 2024 and values of climate parameters studied for each increment, with n (number of pairs) = 6. …

Diversity, Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Gastrointestinal Parasites In Small Ruminants Of Chitral, Hindu Kush Mountains, Pakistan, Maaz Saleem, Kamran Khan, Muhammad Zahid Shah

Journal of Bioresource Management

This study investigated the prevalence of helminths parasites and the influence of associated factors including district, valley, species, gender, age, flock size, flock type, feeding system, and deworming among small ruminants in Chitral, Hindu Kush Mountains, Pakistan. Fecal samples from 401 goats and 410 sheep were analyzed. Chi-square tests were applied to determine the associated factors. The overall prevalence of helminths parasites was 59.4 %, with 58.9 % in goats and 60 % in sheep. The most prevalent coprologically detected parasite species was Toxocara spp. (27.1 %), followed by Moniezia spp. (17 %). In mixed infections, mostly Toxocara spp. with …

Fungal-Associated Deterioration Of Polythene Bags Collected From The Dumping Sites Of District Sialkot: A Preliminary Screening Study, Zarish Fatima, Brian Gagosh Nayyar, Ayesha Sarwar, Mah-E- Noor Abbas, Saira Fiaz, Wajiha Seerat

Journal of Bioresource Management

Polythene bags are highly inert plastic materials made from monomers of ethylene. Due to their durability, lightweight, and low-weight characteristics, polythene bags are in high demand among consumers and retailers worldwide. This widespread use of polythene bags has led to the generation of polythene waste in the environment. This study focused on the degradation of polythene bags through fungal strains in the desired region.  In this research, three identified fungal strains, namely Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Fusarium oxysporum, were screened using two synthetic media for degradation, such as the culture plate method (CPM) and Liquid media degradation (LMD). A …

Essential And Non-Essential Amino Acid Composition Of Hilsa (Tenualosa Ilisha) Fish In Different Fishing Regions Of Bangladesh, Mohajira Begum, Md. Moshfekus Saleh-E-In, Md. Zia Uddin Al Mamun, Umma Fatema Shahjadee, Farha Matin Juliana, Md. Sabir Hossain

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Marine Science

Hilsa, Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822), is one of the favourite and popular tropical fish in the people of South-East Asia due to its delicious taste and flavour. This study investigates the comprehensive amino acid profiles of various fishing locations of Bangladesh to assess the protein quality and nutritional values. Fourteen free amino acids were identified from the six riverine locations of Bangladesh. The total free amino acid (TAA) contents were ranged from 11.60 g/100 g in Cox's Bazar to 13,40 g/100 g in Kirtonkhola for raw fish. In the case of smoked treated, the TAA ranged from 14.01 g/100 g …

Microalgae As Sustainable Biofactories For Bioplastic Production: Challenges And Future Perspectives: A Review, Zahraa Hussein Obaid, Noor S. Naji, Jasim M. Salman, Layla Mustafa A.A. Alkatrani

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Marine Science

The widespread use of traditional plastics, combined with their slow breakdown, has exacerbated environmental and health problems. Therefore, it has become imperative to find alternatives. Due to their simplicity of cultivation, quick growth, tolerance to challenging growing conditions, and low cost, microalgae are being used more frequently as a bio-source for bioplastics lately. Additionally, a variety of biopolymers, including polyhydroxybutyrate, polylactic acid (PLA), starch, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), protein, and cellulose, could be produced by microalgae. These polymers show promising qualities including biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity under various cultivation conditions. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the potential of microalgae …

Environmental Assessment Of The Shatt Al-Basra Canal: Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Heavy Metals And Water Quality, Mohammed A. Jasim Aldoghachi, Bassam A. B. Alabdul Aziz, Shurooq Al-Mosawi

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Marine Science

The environmental assessment of the Shatt al-Basra Canal in the area of the regulatory was studied. Petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy elements (cobalt (Co), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr)) in the waters of this area were analyzed. In addition, some water quality characteristics were evaluated (salinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, oxygen, biological oxygen demand (BOD₅), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate (NO_3^-), nitrite (NO_2^-), phosphate (PO₄ ^-3), and ammonia (NH₃). Petroleum hydrocarbons had been recorded in studied area and dominated with medium-chain alkanes, namely decane …

Impacts Of Coastal Development And Tourism On Fisheries And Aquatic Biodiversity Of The Red Sea: A Review, Lafi S. Al Solami

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Marine Science

The Red Sea boasts a diverse coastal environment, unique coral reef biodiversity, and fisheries that support rapidly growing marine tourism. Its excellent tourism facilities make it a popular destination. However, intensive tourist activities such as swimming, boating, diving, and fishing have a negative impact on the coastal and marine ecosystem. Additionally, in line with Vision 2030, Saudi Arabia has launched mega projects along the Red Sea coast, increasing tourist activity and leading to human intrusion into critical yet vulnerable marine ecosystems like coral reefs, fish, sea grass beds, and mangrove stands. With the rise in tourism activities and disruptions to …

The Influence Of Reef Shape On The Fish Community Structure Around Coral Reefs Off Jeddah Coast, Red Sea, Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia, Safaa Alowaidi, Lara Aljarafi, Lina Aloufi, Zekra Albeishi, Fay Al-Salem, Lama Alnebehi, Mohamed Abu El-Regal

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Marine Science

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the reef profile on the associated fish community. Two stations with different reef shape and depth, Bayada and Abotair islands located off Jeddah coast on the Saudi Arabian Red Sea were studied. The reef check was used to determine the proportion of hard coral, soft coral, algae, and other benthic components. A 20 m long by 5 m belt was used to determine the number and colonies and genera of hard and soft corals. Fish were counted using the underwater visual census (UVC) technique along a transect that is …

Microplastics Contamination In Marine Environment: Sources And Management Strategies, Aishah Hamdi, Mohammad Oves, Naser Alkenani, Majed Alshaeri

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Marine Science

Microplastics (MPs) have been identified as emerging global pollutants because of their persistence, mobility, and significant ecological impacts. These particles, which result from the degradation of plastic waste and from various industrial and consumer activities, are now widespread in marine environments. The capacity of MPs to adsorb contaminants and bioaccumulate within food webs increases their ecological and health risks, prompting substantial concern regarding their long-term consequences for marine ecosystems and human health. This review synthesizes current knowledge regarding the composition, sources, transport, mechanisms, and environmental behavior of microplastics (MPs), with particular emphasis on marine systems. In these environments, the persistence …

Multi-Label Seabed Image Classification: A Comparative Study Of Deep Learning And Machine Learning Models, Anis Bel Hadj Hassin, Elyes Omri

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Marine Science

This study evaluates the effectiveness of deep learning and machine learning models for classifying seabed images into three ecologically significant categories: algae, rocks, and sand. We investigated five models: ResNet50, VGG16, a custom-designed convolutional neural network (CNN), support vector machines (SVM), and random forests (RF). Deep learning models were fine-tuned on 1259 seabed images, with the custom CNN architecture optimized using depthwise separable convolutions and global average pooling. For SVM and RF, features were extracted using a pre-trained VGG16 network. Class weighting was applied to address potential imbalances in the dataset. The custom CNN achieved the highest validation accuracy (82.01%), …

Urban-Rural Differences In The Association Between Physical Activity And Overweight/Obesity Among Indonesian Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study, Wahyu Wulandari, Mufti As Siddiq M. Irzal, Lady Farah Fatmawati

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Adolescent overweight/obesity is an increasing public health concern and contributes to the risk of non-communicable diseases later in life. Physical activity plays an important role in weight regulation. However, its association with overweight/obesity may vary according to residential setting. This study aimed to examine the association between physical activity and overweight/obesity among adolescents living in rural and urban areas of Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey. The study included 115,372 adolescents aged 10–18 years. Physical activity was classified based on total Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET)-minutes per week (≥600 MET-minutes/week), while nutritional …

Dynamical Behavior, Extinction And Persistence In A Stochastic Delayed Two-Strain Epidemic Model With A Generalized Crowley-Martin Incidence Rate, Amina Allali, Dounia Bentaleb, Saida Amine

Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Simulation with Applications

This paper develops and analyzes a novel delayed stochastic SIR epidemic model with two interacting strains and general incidence functions. By establishing the existence and uniqueness of a positive global solution, the well-posedness of the model under stochastic perturbations is ensured. Extinction occurs when the stochastic reproduction number falls below unity, as demonstrated through Itô calculus and martingale convergence theorems, while persistence is guaranteed under the Crowley–Martin incidence when it exceeds one. Numerical experiments based on the Positive Preserving Truncated Euler–Maruyama (PPTEM) scheme confirm the analytical predictions and highlight the influence of time delay and noise intensity on the long-term …