Digital Commons Network^™

Field Measurements Of Photosynthesis And Leaf Growth Rates Of Three Alpine Plant Species, Douglas A. Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Leaf photosynthetic measurements using a portable ¹⁴Co₂ field system were carried out and correlative leaf relative growth rates, RGR, were determined at different leaf positions of three alpine plant species throughout the growing season. Initially there was a period of high leaf RGR associated with a period of increasing photosynthetic activity. Following this stage was a long period of no net change in length of the living leaf. During this period, photosynthetic activity generally increased to a maximum level and then decreased steadily. The final ontogenetic stage was a period of negative leaf RGR denoting leaf senescence which …

The Relationship Of Climatic Factors To Grazing Activities Of Cows On Winter And Spring Ranges, Benton M. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of climatic variations upon the daily activities of grazing cattle. The activities of individual cows on a partially seeded salt desert shrub range were observed and recorded during three grazing periods. Two of the periods were during consecutive winters and the other during the spring. Climatic variations during the second winter period were quantified and compared to changes in the daily activity patterns of the cattle.

Distinctly different daily routines of cattle activities were evident for the winter and spring seasons. In the spring, the cattle grazed, traveled, and drank …

Studies On Some Bacteriolytic Bacteria Isolated From An Oxidation Pond, Paul Christian Radich

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

During bacteriological studies of the Logan City Sewage Oxidation Ponds, Logan, Utah, a group of bacteria was discovered which could lyse killed cells of Escherichia coli. The present research effort was an attempt to determine whether two isolates from this earlier study might play a role in the reduction of coliforms and other bacteria in the oxidation ponds. It was also desired to characterize partially the lytic enzymes produced by the two isolates and to determine as far as possible the organisms' identity.

Both isolates were Gram negative rod-shaped organisms with a single polar flagellum. On Cytophaga agar they …

Impact Of The Black-Tailed Jackrabbits (Lepus Californicus) On Vegetation In Curlew Valley, Northern Utah, Mark Westoby

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The interrelations of black-tailed jackrabbits and the desert-shrub vegetation on which they were feeding were studied in Curlew Valley, Northern Utah. The vegetation was described as a three-cornered continuum, the corners being types dominated respectively by Artemisia tridentata, Atriplex confertifolia, and Sarcobatus vermiculatus.

Jackrabbit diet was studied by microscopic analysis of plant fragments in stomachs from shot animals. The method was inaccurate, apparently because the ratio of identifiable tissues to all ingested tissues was very low, and varied between plant taxa, and seasonally. This problem seems intractable for desert shrub vegetation.

The diet was similar to that …

Factors Affecting Feeding Habits Of Sheep Grazing Foothill Ranges Of Northern Utah, Farid D. Iskander

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An experiment was designed to study the effects of forage availability, season and intensity of grazing, and distribution and behavior of sheep on their forage preferences. Three grazing periods of 15 days each were used to study the effect of season. Each grazing period included a heavy and a moderate stocking intensity. Pastures were divided by a grid into 30.48 m x 30.48 m compartments. Each compartment was sampled for botanical composition of available herbage prior to and after grazing. Esophageally fistulated sheep were allowed to graze freely and positions of individual sheep with respect t o compartments were recorded …

Economics Of Carry-Over Production And Increased Grazing Season Length Due To Range Fertilization, Paul W. Mccormick

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This paper entails the economic and biological interpretation of the response of rangeland grasses to nitrogen fertilization. Six sites throughout Utah received graduated rates of fertilizer. The coefficients of the production function
Y = a + bN - cN²
were identified.

An initial production and a carry-over response were identified on sites receiving greater than ten inches of annual precipitation. Optimum fertilization rates may be identified by equating the marginal physical product to the ratio of the price of nitrogen to the price of the forage.

Forage response to nitrogen is reflected strongly in the early growth response in …

A Computerized Performance Record Keeping System For Beef Cattle In Utah, John J. Pierce

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A computer program was developed at Utah State University (USU) to aid in obtaining a more complete individual performance record keeping system for beef cattle in Utah. Some computer programs for beef cattle records presently exist but a program was needed that was readily available to the USU animal science extension and resident staff.

The program was written in FORTRAN for use on the Burrogh 6700 computer located at the Utah State University Computer Center. It was designed to read input data for individual animals, perform various calculations (i. e. days of age, adjusted weaning weight and weaning weight ratio), …

A Linear Programming Decision Model For Elk And Deer Management On The Logan Peak Winter Range Area, Ronald P. Grove

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

One consequence of our surging human population is the corresponding increased level of resource consumption. This occurrence renders it imperative that resource managers intensify their management of the world's natural resources. Failure to improve management techniques involving the use of these resources will result in premature depletion of non-renewable commodities and severe checks on the vigor of renewable resources.

Management is faced with the difficult task of searching for astute means of allocating natural resources. Because of the tremendous size and complexity of the natural world, the problem can be extremely complicated.

Mathematical techniques have proved useful in providing natural …

Nutritional Anemias In Selected Countries, Wun-Yuan Mei

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Blood is a constantly changing, highly complex tissue which is concerned with the transport of cell nutrients, the elimination of wastes, and the maintenance of chemical equilibrium. The mature red blood cell takes about seven and half days to develop, then has a life cycle of 120 days. Many factors are involved in this complicated process. Many nutrients are required for the frame-work of the red blood cells and in the hemoglobin within these cells.

Anemia is a condition in which there is a reduction in the total circulating hemoglobin. Anemias may be described biochemically in terms of lowered hemoglobin …

Some Factors Affecting The Body And Texture Of Direct Acid Cottage Cheese, Chandarrao G. Kale

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Four lots of Cottage cheese were made from the same pasteurized skimmilk; three lots by a direct acid procedure, and a fourth control lot by a conventional culture method. Direct acid curd was formed by cooling the skimmilk to 4C, acidifying to pH 4.6 with concentrated HCl, and warming by electrical resistance to 32C without agitation. Prior to acidification, the three direct-acid lots were treated as follows: 1- No culture, 2- 5% lactic culture added and the pH allowed to reach 6.0, 3- Same as 2 except the pH was allowed to reach 5.5. The control lot was set at …

The Development Of An Improved Milk Substrate For Rennet Coagulation Assay On An Automatic Clot-Timer, Mark Brimhall Stevens

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A substrate was developed for measuring the milk clotting strength of rennet preparations on an automatic clot-timer. The substrate contained 8 percent pasteurized skim milk solids, 1 percent chloroform, 0.3 percent 200 bloom gelatin, 0.03 M added CaCl₂ and was buffered to pH 6.6 with 0.057 M cacodylic acid and 0.042 M triethanolamine. The substrate was shelf-stable for 18 days at room temperatures. It was found that rennet preparations could be standardized to within 1 percent of each other, in terms of milk clotting strength, by use of the substrate on the automatic clot-timer. The method appears to have …

Phosphate Requirements For A Whey-Based Lactic Bacteriophage Resistant Medium Under Ph Control, Napasri Ausavanodom

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Five strains of lactic cultures and their homologous bacteriophage races were examined for response in a whey-based medium under pH control and fortified with zero to two percent levels of added orthophosphates. One percent each of culture and phage was inoculated into each medium, which was incubated at 25 C and continuously neutralized at pH 6.3 with 20 percent NH₄OH. Growth response in media was compared against growth in non fat dry milk and a commercial phage inhibitory medium (Marstar).

The whey-based medium which had been frozen and thawed provided more effective growth response and greater phage protection …

Formation And Control Of Chlorophyll, Solanine Alkaloids, And Sprouts Of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Tubers And Carbonyl Compound Of Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.) Fruits, S. J. Jadhav

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Part I. Formation and control of chlorophyll, solanine alkaloids, and sprouts of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers

Incorporation of radioactive carbon from acetic acid-2-¹⁴C (sodium salt), β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaric acid (HMG)-3-¹⁴C, L-leucine-U-¹⁴C, L-alanine-U-¹⁴C, and D-glucose-U-¹⁴C into the predominant glycosidic steroidal alkaloids, ⍺-solanine and ⍺-chaconine of potato sprouts was 4.88, 9.0, 15, 24, and 20 times less than that of mevalonic acid (MVA)=2-¹⁴C (DBED salt), respectively. The efficiency ratio revealed that β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaric acid (HMG)-3-¹⁴C was incorporated via acetate or acetoacetate. The distribution of radioactivity originated from D-glucose-U-^{14 …}

Absorption, Translocation And Metabolism Of 1,3-Dichloropropene In Selected Plants, David L. Berry

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The absorption, translocation and metabolism of 1,3-dichloropropene (a soil fumigant) in bush beans, tomato and carrot was studied under growth chamber and greenhouse conditions using solution culture, vermiculite and sand. Absorption was monitored using gas chromatographic analysis and isotope techniques. Plants were shown to absorb a maximum amount of dichloropropene by 24 to 48 hr from solution culture and vermiculite. The plant absorbed and translocated 1,3-dichlorpropene-¹⁴C-U readily to aerial parts of the plant.

Bush beans, tomatoes and carrots absorbed and translocated 3-chlorallyl alcohol-¹⁴C-U from solution culture and vermiculite. Levels of 3-chloroallyl alcohol reached maximum at 24 …

Habitat Selection By Large Wild Ungulates And Some Aspects Of The Energy Flow In A Sub-Tropical African Savanna Woodland Ecosystem, Stanley M. Hirst

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A study of habitat selection by large wild ungulates was carried out on a 50 cm² area in the sub-tropical Lowveld region of eastern Transvaal province, South Africa. Estimations were made of herbaceous forage net productivity and ungulate secondary productivity on the same area.

Fourteen vegetation types, varying in composition and structure from open savanna to dense woodland, were delineated by association analysis. Structural and vegetational characteristics which were considered to influence ungulate distribution were measured within each vegetation type.

The study area supported resident populations of seven ungulate species during the wet season; drv season densities were higher …

Bromegrass Productivity In Relation To Precipitation, Shrub Canopy Cover And Soil Nitrogen Content, Lawrence G. Kline

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In seasons of above normal precipitation, populations of annual weedy species increase in great abundance in semi-arid desert plant communities. These increases in biomass tie up a considerable portion of the available nitrogen of such ecosystems and may depress subsequent annual grass germination.

A big sagebrush-annual bromegrass plant community was irrigated to simulate a spring growth period of abundant precipitation amenable to annual bromegras s productivity. Productivity and nitrogen content parameters were monitored throughout the spring and summer to evaluate the short and potential long term effects of this seasonal increase in "precipitation".

Irrigation increased annual bromegrass productivity almost 50 …

Incorporation Of Protoporphyrin Ix Into Chlorophyll A And Purification And Properties Of (-) S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine-Magnesium Protoporphyrin Ix Methyltransferase, Jii Shieh

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Experiments on the incorporation of ¹⁴C-protoporphyrin IX into chlorophyll indicate that ferrous iron may be involved in reactions between protoporphyrin IX and chlorophyll. Experiments using both health and chlorotic tobacco tissue for incorporation studies show that incorporation of protoporphyrin IX into chlorophyll was activated by Fe²⁺.

S-adenosylmethionine-magnesium protoporphyrin IX methyltransferase (E.C.2.1.1.11) which catalyzes the reaction between S-adenosylmethionine and Mg protoporphyrin IX to form S-adenosylhomocysteine and Mg protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester was demonstrated in barley seedlings. Methyltransferase was found principally in whole chloroplasts and fractions containing mitochondria were disintegrated chloroplasts. Use of detergent Tween 80, precipitation with protamine …

Effect Of Various Nitrogen Sources On The Metabolism Of Miserotoxin In Astragalus Miser Dougl. Ex Hook., Robert Parker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Wasatch milkvetch [Astragalus miser Dougl., var. oblongifolius (Rydb.) Cronq.] was highest in miserotoxin, a poisonous nitro compound, when potassium nitrate was used as the nitrogen source in nutrient cultures. Ammonium nitrate, added to Hoagland solutions to provide four and one-half times normal nitrogen, lowered percent miserotoxin in the plants. Plants grew abnormally in the greenhouse, producing little growth and becoming periodically senescent. High greenhouse temperatures, up to 45 C, were probably responsible for the abnormal growth.

Attempts to inoculate and fix nitrogen in Wasatch milkvetch with Rhizobium bacteria were unsuccessful in the greenhouse.

In growth chamber studies, percent miserotoxin …

A Comparison Of The Ecological Life Histories Of Delphinium Occidentale S. Wats. And Delphinium Barbeyi Huth, Jere Randolph Holman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Two species of the holartic genus Delphinium (D. occidentale S. Wats. and D. barbeyi Huth) were studied in the field and laboratory to determine the factors influencing the life stage development and distribution of these plants.

Delphinium occidentale, more widely distributed geographically and altitudinally than D. barbeyi, is found as a member of aspen and sagebrush communities. Sites are mesic in early spring but turn xeric by midsummer. Delphinium barbeyi, more limited in distribution geographically and altitudinally, appears to be limited to subalpine sites.

Adult biological properties are similar for both species. Morphological and taxonomic differences …

Studies Of Porphyrin Biosynthesis In Higher Plants, Tsung-Chiang Chen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase which catalyses the formation of coproporphyrinogen from uroporphyrinogen is located in the soluble fraction of tobacco leaves and was purified 72 fold through ammonium sulphate precipitation and calcium phosphate gel adsorption.

Kinetic studies indicated that the apparent Michaelis constant was 1 x 10^-6 for uroporphyrinogen III (pH 6.5; 37° C). Uroporphyrinogen III served as a much better substrate than uroporphyrinogen I under the standard conditions of this study.

Enzyme activity was inhibited by thiol reagents and heavy divalent cations.

Both chloride and fluoride salts inhibited the formation of coproporphyrinogen from uroporphyrinogen.

Enzyme activity was inhibited by several …

Abstracts Of Papers Presented At The 85th Session Of The Iowa Academy Of Science, April 27-28, 1973, Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Presentation abstracts from the annual meeting of the Iowa Academy of Science

Economics In A World Of Change : Highlights Of Papers Presented At The Eleventh Agri-Business Day, South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, Department Of Economics, South Dakota State University

Agricultural Experiment Station Agricultural Economics Pamphlets (1941-1991)

Economics in a World of Change Highlights of Papers Presented at the Eleventh Agri-Business Day – April, 1973 Long-Range Planning for Agribusiness in the 1970’s [Page] 1 Current International Wheat Situation [Page] 11 Development Districts [Page] 19 Preliminary Findings of Human Needs Assessment Survey [Page] 22 Policy Implications of South Dakota Farmers’ Attitudes towards Residential and Vocational Changes [Page] 37 The Role of Feasibility Studies in Creating Employment Opportunities in South Dakota [Page] 44 Agri-Business Outlook for South Dakota in 1973 [Page] 49

Agricultural Experiment Station News April 1973

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
DEAN FROLIK'S VIETNAM STUDY
REGIONAL PROJECT SUPPORT
PERSONNEL ACTIONS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
GENERAL NOTES
NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATION -March 1973
BULLETINS PRINTED

South Dakota Farm And Home Research, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University

South Dakota Farm and Home Research: 1949 -1998

Field Day Season Again [p] 2
Helpful SDSU Publications [p] 3
Science x Computer Crossbreds [p] 4
SDSU Sheep Research [p] 5
Vocational/Residential Changes [p] 9
Cold Air Drying [p] 11
Freight Car Supply Problems [p] 14
A Beef Industry Profile [p] 16
Soil Testing Calendar [p] 19

The Nature Of Miniature Melanocytes In Murine Epidermis, John Thomas Earnhardt

Master's Theses

In the epidermis of PET/Wmr mice the population of melanocytes reaches a peak and begins to decline during the first postnatal week, and has disappeared within four weeks. During this period a small number of weakly DOPA reactive miniature melanocytes are seen dispersed among the generally large, highly DOPA reactive melano­cytes typical of the animal. These miniature melanocytes appear early, are among the last to disappear, and their population remains relatively constant against the drastically changing population of typical melanocytes. In attempts to determine the nature of the miniature melanocytes, heterologous grafting was employed whereby the melanocytes were subjected to …

The Effects Of Thiamin Deficiency And Thiamin Antagonists On Cardiac Function In The Rat, D. James B. Sutherland

Theses and Dissertations

A study was made to determine what biochemical changes were involved in the slowing of the rat heart rate during thiamin deprivation, pyrithiamin or oxythiamin treatment. The appearance of bradycardia during progressive thiamin deficiency was shown to be related to the reduction in myocardial enzymatic activity of pyruvate (PDH) and 2-ketoglutarate (2-KGDH) dehydrogenase, and not due to inanition alone since pair-fed control rats did not show bradycardia until the agonal stage. Bradycardia was not the result of reduced energy since CP, ATP, ADP, and AMP levels remained normal even though PDH and 2-KGDH activity dropped to 20% of normal by …

Reproduction And Development Of Ferrissia Rivularis (Say) (Basommatophora: Ancylidae) And The Effects Of Maleic Hydrazide On Its Development And Fecundity, Yuan-Hsu Kang

Theses and Dissertations

Ferrissia rivularis was selected for research because of its local accessibility and because essentially nothing was known of its reproduction and development. Reproductive and developmental biology is first described herein from the natural environment. This is then compared with the effects created by experimental exposure to a selected herbicide, maleic hydrazide, which might be a potential threat to certain invertebrates in the natural environment.

1973 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University

Little International "Little I" Agricultural Exposition Catalogs

No abstract provided.

A Microtechnique For The Isolation Of Cell Wall Deficient Organisms From Very Small Samples, Lloyd T. Dutcheshen, Philip C. Hessburg

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

A miniaturized procedure using a modified microtiter plate is described for the isolation of cell wall deficient organisms. It is particularly useful when the volume of a liquid specimen is very small.

Agricultural Experiment Station News February 1973

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FROM THE DIRECTOR'S DESK
PERSONNEL ACTIONS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
1973-74 STATE BUDGET PENDING
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS - January 1973
BULLETINS PRINTED
ABSTRACTS