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Animal Science Newsletter, Summer 1984

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Contents:

Animal Science Complex Receives Legislative Funding
Coming Events
Raun Receives Honorary Doctor of Science Award
Ya’ll Come to the Beef Barn Ball
Burson to Join Animal Science Staff
Dr. Charles Adams Retires
Fritschen Becomes Director of Panhandle Station
Doane Receives GSD Teaching Award
UNL Block and Bridle Club Wins National Recognition
Leo Masek Receives Outstanding IANR Employee Award
Vincent H. Arthaud Memorial Fund
Warren Receives Teaching Award
Bevans is 1984 Block and Bridle Honoree
Dickerson Receives Superior Service Award from USDA

Ca(Ii)-Calmodulin Regulation Of Fungal Dimorphism In Ceratocystis Ulmi, Ganapathy Muthukumar, Kenneth W. Nickerson

Papers in Microbiology

We have shown that Ca(II) ions, ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)- N,N-tetraacetic acid, LaCl₃, and six known calmodulin inhibitors shift the yeast-mycelium dimorphic potential of Ceratocystis ulmi. Our data are consistent with the conclusions that Ca(II)-calmodulin interaction is necessary for mycelial growth in C. ulmi and that the absence of this interaction leads to the yeast phase.

Selected Nutritional Practices Of Adult Males Residing In Sumner County, Tennessee, Mary Hayes

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this research was to determine selected nutritional practices of adult males. A survey instrument was developed to determine (a) what meals adult males ate and where these meals were eaten, (b) the level of activity of adult males in menu planning, food purchasing, and food preparation, (c) practices related to weight reduction, (d) practices related to nutrition of the family, and (e) selected demographic variables as related to nutritional practices.

The survey instrument was administered to 156 adult males who were members of civic organizations in Sumner County, Tennessee. The subjects ranged in age from 24 to …

The Hsus Condemns Psychological Experimentation On Animals

Close Up Reports

For almost a century, millions of cats, dogs, monkeys, and other laboratory animals have fallen victim to the misguided notion that by torturing animals we may someday find the golden key that unlocks the dark corners and passageways of human psychology. Heedless of any relevance the experiments may have to the human condition or of the differences between humans and other animals, experimental psychologists are exercising unbridled on animals the whole range of suffering, from emotional trauma, like that experienced by the doomed infant monkey, to outright physical torture. Animals have been blinded and returned to the wild to test …

The Hsus Condemns Psychological Experimentation On Animals

Close Up Reports

No abstract provided.

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 26 Number 8, Summer 1984, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

2 - ALBEE'S ST. GEORGE AND THE DRAGON By Michael Tueth, S.J. Some principles of archetypal criticism are applied to Albee's Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?

7 - NUCLEAR ADDICTION Edmund G. Brown Jr. The United States and the Soviet Union are engaged in an addictive and ultimately lethal process. Neither will break out of the curse of assured mutual destruction.

9 - GIVE US THIS DAY OUR DAILY BREAD By Charles E. French. There are good reasons today to hope for a solution to world hunger, one that will occur in our time.

13 - TRAITS OF A HEALTHY …

Agricultural Experiment Station News June 1984

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
IANR FIELD DAYS
PUBLICATION CREDIT
IANR AG EXPO
ADVISORY COUNCIL
USDA SUPERIOR SERVICE AWARDS
ALTERNATIVE CROP RESEARCH
CHEMIGATION TASK FORCE
NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION-REVISED FORMS
NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION DEADLINES
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW COMMENTS
BINATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION
USDA FY 1985 COMPETITIVE RESEARCH GRANTS
RESEARCH GRANTS AND CONTRACTS RECEIVED MAY 1984
FY 1986 BUDGET REQUEST
BIOTECHNOLOGY CONSULTANT
ARS REALLOCATION
NEW FACULTY
FEDERAL BUDGET FOR FY 1985 AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
PROJECT ACCOMPLISHMENTS

The Effect Of Dietary Alpha - Linolenic Acid On Apparent Risk Factors Of Cardiovascular Disease, Kelvin D. Lindbeck

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Eight healthy male lacto-ovo-vegetarian subjects averaging 28.0 ± 3.6 years of age (22 to 53 years) were fed a diet rich in α-linolenic acid (18:3 ω 3) for four weeks. Arterial blood pressure and body weight were recorded each week. Plasma 6-keto-prostaglandin F_1α (6-keto- PGF_1α ), thromboxane B₂ (TXB₂), total cholesterol, triglyceride, and total phospholipid fatty acid composition were analyzed at 0, 2 and 4 weeks.

Systolic blood pressure increased significantly between weeks 0 and 1 (106.5 ± 2.7 mmHg to 114.0 ± 3.7 mmHg; p < 0.003), but decreased to 107.3 t 2.6 mrHg (p < 0.02) at week 2. There was an insignificant increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressures after four weeks. There was no significant change in either total cholesterol or triglyceride levels during the four weeks.

Plasma 6-keto-PGF_1α levels increased significantly from 60.13 ± …

The Effects Of Biological Response Modification And Diet On The Immune Respose Of Tumor-Bearing Mice, David Grant Lovell

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The effect that diet and other modifiers may have upon the immune system of BALB/c mice bearing tumor were studied, mice were injected s.c. with 10⁶ herpes simplex virus Type 2- Adult male BALB/c transformed (H238) cells in the thigh causing a visible fibrosarcoma within 1-2 weeks. Mice were fed either a diet low in protein (milk) and low in fat (Diet 1), or another diet low in protein (wheat) and high in fat (Diet 8). Spleen cells were collected for assays of cytotoxic T-lynphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cell activity. At 3 weeks post-injection, a decrease in …

Investigations Into Rates And Mechanisms Of Mercury Depuration In The Killifish, Fundulus Heteroclitus, Joanne A. Korpanty

Theses

Metallothionein (MT) and glutathione (GSH) have been shown in mammalian research to play a role in the sequestration and depuration of mercury. The sulfhydryl groups on both these peptides have a strong affinity for mercury, MT for Hg²⁺ and GSH for CH₃Hg⁺. In this study, killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) were force-fed one piece of squid laced with labelled mercuric nitrate to give a final food concentration of 20 ppm ²⁰³Hg²⁺ and 0.03 -0.05 µg g-1 Hg²⁺ total dose. Most of the mercury, 84.1 ± 12.1% (mean ± standard deviation), is depurated within the …

Effects Of Two Chelating Drugs On Trace Element Metabolism In The Rat, Thomas J. Solecki

Theses

Numerous drugs have structures which suggest that they and/or their metabolites are likely to be chelating agents and therefore might affect trace element metabolism. For some drugs, their therapeutic activity or side effects may be due to this chelating potential. Ethambutol, used in the treatment of tuberculosis, is an example. There is also evidence that other drugs, such as alpha-methyldopa, may possess this potential; although its primary therapeutic action occurs via mechanisms other than chelation. The objective of this thesis was to determine the effects of ethambutol and alpha-methyldopa on tissue metal concentrations and balance of four essential trace metals: …

Inquiry Into The Causes And Significance Of Cytoplasmic Vacuolation Of Neutrophils In The Peripheral Circulation, Gary Xavier Haight

Dissertations and Theses

One-half million cases of septicemia are reported annually with a mortality of around 35%. Diagnosis depends in part on blood cultures which require one to two weeks. It would be advantageous if an early sign of septicemia were available.

Cytoplasmic vacuolation of polymorphonuclear neutropnils is occasionally seen in the peripheral blood smears of patients who have infections. The object of this work was to determine the cause and significance of cytoplasmic vacuolation with the goal of using the occurrence of vacuolation as an early indicator of infection.

Agricultural Experiment Station News May 1984

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FACULTY PROMOTIONS
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
IANR FIELD DAYS
PROJECT ACCOMPLISHMENTS
NEW OR REVISED PROJECTS
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ADVISORY COUNCIL
WIDAMAN TRUST AWARDS
DEADLINES WORTH NOTING
PATENT RIGHTS FROM UNIVERSITY RESEARCH
FACULTY EXCHANGE PROGRAMS
RESEARCH GRANTS AND CONTRACTS RECEIVED APRIL 1984

A Lactic Culture Stimulant Blend From Kluyveromyces Fragilis And Whey, Steven L. Wright

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A buffered growth medium was developed that sustained a significantly greater concentration of various strains of Streptococcus lactis and Streptococcus cremoris than did milk. The active buffering ingredients of this medium were magnesium hydroxide, ammonium and sodium salts of phosphate and citrate. This medium was entitled Lactic Culture Buffered Growth medium (LABGRO) and possessed about 8 times the buffering strength between pH 6.6 and 5.1.

Significant differences in growth and acid production rates were noted among Prt+ and Prt- lactic strains evaluated. Also noted were significant differences in cellular acid production rates. The two Prt- strains having the slowest growth …

Comparison Of Several Forms Of Equations For Predicting Cheddar Cheese Yield From Milk Composition, Craig A. Moore

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was conducted to evaluate several forms of equations for predicting Cheddar cheese yields based on the fat and protein content of milk and moisture content of cheese. Production and quality control data from a Cheddar cheese plant for one entire year was used. This included the pounds of milk that went into each vat of cheese, yield of cheese from each vat, cheese moisture from each vat, and fat and protein percentages of the milk.

Seven models were derived to predict the yield of Cheddar cheese. The seven models were statistically fitted to the data by applying the …

The Relationship Between Milk Composition And Swiss Cheese Yields, Adnan S. Ba-Jaber

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

From Cache Valley Dairy Association in Smithfield, Utah, milk from two to three cheese vats plus the corresponding Swiss cheese trimmings, salted cheese, and whey were sampled each week from October 1981 to October 1982. The weights of the Swiss Cheese were recorded. Milk samples were analyzed for fat and protein; cheese samples were analyzed for fat, protein, and moisture; whey samples were analyzed for fat.

By using Gauss-Newton nonlinear Least Squares method of iteration, the data was analyzed. Two formulas for predicting Swiss cheese yield were derived. A good relationship was found to exist between Swiss cheese yield and …

Synthesis Of 6-Aminopenicillanic Acid-Protein Conjugates For Development Of Enzyme Immunoassay For B-Lactam Antibiotics, Alice Ann Heth

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An enzyme immunoassay specific for several β-lactam antibiotics rather than individual antibiotics was investigated. The goal to develop an enzyme immunoassay for analysis of a whole class of compounds at one time is different than the goal of most enzyme immunoassays which desire specificity for drugs or hormone levels. Detection of the presence of all β-lactam antibiotics is wanted and identification of specific antibiotics is not needed.

6-Aminopenicillanic acid, the common structural moiety of β-lactam antibiotics was used tin this investigation. Methods of preparation of 6-aminopencillanic acid conjugates and antibodies needed for enzyme immunoassays have been developed. 6-Aminopenicillanic acid was …

Some Indicators Of Manganese And Copper Adequacy In Some Infant Formulas For Baby Pigs And Infants, Robin Hope Marcus

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objective of the study was to ascertain whether some infant formulas provide sufficient amounts of manganese and copper for adequate nutrition, Twelve piglets, within the first week of life, were divided by sex, litter and weight into two treatment groups. Both groups received concentrated Isomil, a soy-based infant formula and distilled water ad libitum. Isomil was analyzed and found to contain 1.05ppm manganese and .98ppm copper. The supplemented group received an additional 30.6mg manganese and 6.76mg copper per can (388ml) of concentrated Isomil. Weight gains were not significantly different. Manganese and copper levels were significantly greater in the …

Effect Of Casein/Fat Ratio On Milk Fat Recovery In Cheddar Cheese, Nana A. Yiadom-Farkye

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Cheddar cheese was made by the traditional 4.5-h method from three experimental lots of milk, each standardized to casein/fat ratios of approximately 0.64, 0.67 and 0.70. The effect of casein/fat ratio on milk fat recovery was determined. The effects of milk composition on curd firmness at cutting, cheese composition and resulting yield of cheese were evaluated. Correlations between milk constituents and various cheese components were obtained. Milk fat recovery was unaffected by casein/fat ratios within the limits of 0.64 and 0.71. Average milk fat recovery was 91.58 ± 1.73%. Cheese yield was a function of milk protein, milk fat and …

Dietary Intake Of Persons With Type I Diabetes Who Use Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Pumps, Laurie J. Schaetzel-Hill

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

To date there have been no complete reports of the nutrient intakes of persons with Type I diabetes mellitus who use continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) pumps. The purpose of this study was to describe the sample population and to determine the nutrient intake of adult Type I diabetics from the Salt Lake City, Utah area, who use CSII.

Seven male and 15 female CSII users, ages 25 to 53, completed a questionnaire and a three-day diet record as instructed. Diet records were coded and household measurements of foods were converted to gram weights for computerized nutrient analysis. Nutrient intake …

Effects Of Folic Acid Or Zinc Malnutrition On Rotaviral Infection In A Murine Model, John Douglas Morrey

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The influences of dietary deficiencies of folic acid or zinc on rotaviral disease infant mice were studied. Preliminary studies indicated that bovine and simian rotaviruses, but not porcine rotavirus, caused diarrhea in infant mice. Bovine and porcine rotaviruses were not, however, sufficiently infectious to replace murine rotavirus in studies utilizing the murine model. It was also determined that murine rotavirus purified by a cesium chloride gradient was highly infectious and useful for subsequent studies on nutritional influences of rotaviral disease. In dietary studies, female Swiss Webster mice were fed diets containing deficient, moderately deficient, or adequate levels of folic acid …

Effects Of Clearcutting On Forage Production, Quality And Decomposition In The Caatinga Woodland Of Northeast Brazil: Implications To Goat And Sheep Nutrition, Robert D. Kirmse

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Clearing of trees from the so-called caatinga woodland that characterizes the vegetation of the semi-arid region of northeast Brazil offers possibilities for increasing forage production. This research analyzed the first-year effects of clearing caatinga on dry season forage for goats and sheep. In addition, factors affecting litter decomposition on cleared and uncleared caatinga were assessed to evaluate the viability of deferring grazing of forages during the wet season for use later in the dry season.

Removing the trees resulted in a sixfold increase in production of herbaceous vegetation, however, 88 percent of the increased yield on the cleared areas was …

Electrophoretic Patterns Of Storage Proteins In Phaseolus Prone To Cotyledonal Cracking, Zahra N. Hashim

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Cotyledonal- or transverse-cracking (TVC) in certain cultivars of snapbeans, Phaseolus vulgaris L., seeds, clearly evident during germination, seriously places affected seedlings at a competitive disadvantage. TVC is an inherited trait and occurs across cell walls of cotyledons rather than along cell walls. Thus, it might be hypothesized that internal pressure resulting from swelling of storage proteins during imbibition might account for cellular rupture. To further elucidate this possibility, experiments were designed to compare electrophoretic patterns of storage proteins from seeds of snapbeans resistant and susceptible to TVC, and to correlate the different patterns of polyacrylamide gel el ectrophoretograrns of …

An Economic Analysis Of Food Policy In The Ivory Coast, Yao Prao Felix

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ivory Coast covers an area of 124,000 square miles with reasonable rainfall for food crops production. But besides what has been called the economic "miracle," the country relies on increasing food imports (rice, wheat, meat, and milk products). At the same time, the country's earnings from the major export commodities are shrinking. So the primary objective was to identify the main causes and circumstances that have resulted in reductions in food production. The major hypothesis was that the present situation is simply the result of policies that have favored cash crops relative to good products. A formal treatment and an …

Chemical Composition And Acceptability Of Rain Damaged, Field Dried Alfalfa Hay, Cesar Augusto Araque H.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Water was applied to swaths of cut alfalfa forage with oscillating sprinklers to stimulate rain damage to field drying alfalfa hay to determine the changes in chemical composition, loss of yield, and acceptability of rain damaged hay to sheep. An additional objective was to develop models to estimate yield losses form experimental hay. The experimental hay was prepared with a 2x2x4x4x2 factorial design. The factors were two different cuttings (July and September), two width of swath (3.05 m and 4.27 m), four times of applying artificial rain (3h, 8h, 13h, and 24h after cutting), four levels of artificial rain (no …

Combined Scale Weight, Height At Hips And Visual Condition Score As An Indicator Of Functional Body Size In Range Cows, Patricia B. Davis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Thirty-five range cows of various breeds were obtained for the study. Body measurements taken were live weight and hip height and all cows were condition scored for level of fatness. The cows were slaughtered and the following morning several carcass measurements were taken and the plate was removed from the left side. These plates were boned and the remaining flesh ground for chemical analysis of percent carcass fat. Regression equations were calculated for estimating percent carcass fat from condition score, weight:height ratio and hip height (R²=.765). However, condition score alone is the single best estimator for percent carcass …

Influence Of Breed Type, Milk Production Potential And Cow Size Upon Maintenance Requirements, Jacqueline Lee Kennedy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Two biological types of cows, straightbred Herefords (HxH) and Simmental-Hereford crosses (SxH), of similar body condition were individually fed over a 10 week period to compare the biological types for maintenance and to determine the influence of milk production potential and of size. Cows were nonlactating and in the last part of the first trimester of pregnancy. During the first 5 weeks of the feeding experiment, one-half of each type was fed 75% of estimated maintenance while the other half was fed 125% of estimated maintenance. During the last 5 weeks of the experiment those fed at 75% of maintenance …

Range Beef Cattle Productivity In Southern Utah, Mouslim A. Maiga

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Twenty-six range beef cattle ranches in southern Utah were surveyed by personal interview to obtain production data. The data were used to characterize the level of production efficiency in terms of calving rate, weaning rate, weaning weight, and net weaning weight in these operations; and to identify factors associated with differences in productivity.

The data revealed that productive efficiency was generally lower than the potential.

Mean calving rate of cows exposed for breeding was 83.4%. Stepwise regression involving calf death losses at or shortly after birth and heifer replacement rate accounted for 98.3% of the variance in calving rate. Calving …

Forage Quality Comparison Of Burned And Nonburned Aspen Communities, Deborah L. Blank

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of prescribed burning on herbaceous and browse forage quality in the aspen forest type for elk and domestic sheep.

Plant samples of selected forage species were taken from burned and nonburned plots within three different prescribed burns in southeastern Idaho. These samples were analyzed for in vitro dry matter digestibility, crude protein, calcium and phosphorus. Data were analyzed using the analysis of variance.

There was little improvement in forage quality as a result of prescribed burning, with some reduction in quality in 1983 exhibited by pinegrass (Calamagrostis rubescens). …

Plant Monoterpenoids As Factors In Diet Selection And Grazing Behaviour Of Sheep, Wilson Kimuti A. Yabann

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Grazing trials were conducted in west-central Utah in August and November, 1983. Sheep were stocked in 0.06 hectare paddocks containing a homogeneous stand of the shrub big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata subsp. tridentata). Stocking rate was 1344 animal-unit-days per hectare. Close observation was made of plants and plant parts of the sagebrush that the sheep consumed or refused to consume. Similar samples were hand-harvested from browsed and rejected plants and plant parts. These samples were later analyzed in the laboratory for monoterpenoid content, crude protein levels and digestible organic matter.

There was large variability of monoterpenoid concentrations from plant …