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Simultaneous Determination Of 3-Methoxy-4-Hydroxyphenyl-Glycol, Homovanillic Acid, And 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid In Plasma By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Yung-Te Tseng

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

A rapid, reliable, and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), Homovanillic acid (HVA), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5- HIAA) in plasma is described. The method is based on high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Samples were filtered with Amicon Centrifree micropartition systems and extracted with organic solvent before chromatography. Chromatographic separation of sample components was achieved isocratically in a C18 reverse-phase column. Quantitation was performed by measuring the peak height ratios of the sample components to an internal standard. Analytical recoveries ranged from 50.78 (SD 4.2%) to 67.94 (SD 3.28). Within-run coefficient of variations (CVs) ranged from 3.78 …

Spectroscopic Study Of Decomposition Products Of Gossypol, David Bernard Hankins

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Basic research into reproductive physiology has begun to identify possible new approaches to controlling fertility. Gossypol, a natural polyphenol compound isolated from cottonseed oil, has been shown to be an effective male antifertility agent. The decomposition products of gossypol which are thought to possess more potent antifertility effects than the parent compound gossypol have been studied extensively in more recent research. The purpose of this research is to develop techniques and methods which could be used to identify decomposition products of gossypol. A model decomposition reaction by which a smaller molecule can be isolated in a pure state has been …

Agricultural Research Division 103rd Annual Report, July 1, 1988, To June 30, 1989

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

It is a pleasure to provide the 103rd Annual Report of the UNL Agricultural Research Division. This report contains lists of current faculty, active projects, refereed journal articles, books and book chapters, germ plasm releases, brief descriptions of research in selected areas, and the financial report for the period of July 1, 1988, through June 30, 1989. This report was compiled in compliance with the intent of the law of the State of Nebraska that established the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station on March 31, 1887.

Foreword ... v

Administrative Personnel ... vii

Administrative Units ... viii

Organizational Chart ... viii …

A Dss For Animal Nutrition Planning, Krishna Prasad, M R Gopalan, S Sridhar

IIMB Management Review

In recent years, after the much acclaimed success of the Green
Revolution, the nation’s planners are coming to realize that it is not adequate for
the nation to have enough to eat, it is also important to have quality food. There
has, therefore, recently been a new emphasis on industries such as dairy and
poultry. It has been realized that there is a need to harness India’s enormous
animal resources. (There are, by one estimate, some 480 million livestock in the
country, including about 230 million cattle and 136 million poultry). Significant
improvements in the productivity of livestock can be …

Temporal And Spatial Patterns Of Abundance Of Age 0 Threadfin Shad (Dorosoma Petenense) In Overton Arm, Lake Mead, William Lee Pelle

Publications (WR)

Temporal and spatial patterns of age 0 threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense) abundance and growth, in the Overton Arm of Lake Mead, were examined to evaluate the effects of resource availability on the young fish. This was part of a larger, game fishery enhancement study (Lake Mead Fertilization Project), designed to assess feasability of increasing survivorship of larval/juvenile shad by boosting phosphate levels, thereby increasing algal and zooplankton biomass, during the shad spawning period. Shad are the primary forage base for the striped bass (Morone saxatilis) and black bass (Macropterus salmoides) fisheries. Weekly samples were …

Autonomic Nervous System And Cholesterol Transport, Yuan-Line Hung

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The effect of autonomic nervous system on cholesterol transport is of clinical interest because the relationship between lipoprotein metabolism and atherogenesis is expressed in coronary artery disease.

Generally speaking, beta blockers increase serum VLDL level but decrease both HDL and HDL₂ cholesterol levels without affecting the LDL in humans. We are unaware of reports concerning the effects of metoprolol on lipoprotein metabolism nor comparison of the effects of metoprolol and propranolol in the unhandled rat model. In part I we employed the unhandled rats to compared the effects of these 2 drugs administered with the drinking water in order …

Anthropometric Parameters In Public School Students And Seventh-Day Adventist Vegetarian And Meat-Eating Students, Joan Sabaté-Casellas

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Concerns have been expressed for the ability of some vegetarian diets to support normal growth of children. Animal protein or meat intake showed a positive relationship to attained height in children from developing countries. In this study, the relationship between meat intake/vegetarian status and physical growth was investigated in children living in California.

Height and weight were collected on 2,272 Caucasian children aged 6-18 years attending Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) or public schools who participated in a two year longitudinal study. Age-, sex-, and school-specific mean heights and weights were at or above the national reference values. Sex-specific, age-adjusted regression analysis …

Annual Variation Of Estuarine And Oceanic Oyster Crassostrea Virginica Gmelin Hemocyte Capacity, William S. Fisher, Marnita M. Chintala, Mark A. Moline

Biological Sciences

Defense-related hemocyte activities of American oysters Crassostrea virginica Gmelin from an oceanic and an estuarine habitat were monitored from spring to winter of 1987 at a constant temperature (15 °C). The ability of cells to spread to an ameboid shape in vitro at ambient salinity and after an acute change in salinity was much reduced from late spring to early fall. This summer-stress period was also indicated by laboratory experiments. Stress may have been due to high water temperatures but spawning efforts may have also contributed. Reduced hemocyte activity occurred at a time when infections by two major oyster parasites …

Effect Of Phosphorus Placement Methods On The Yield & Quality Of Tomatoes, Timothy Hambrick

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Research was undertaken in the summer and fall of 1988 to determine the effect of phosphorus placed below, below and to the side, banded and incorporated, and broadcast on the yield and quality of tomatoes.

The results of the field study were not statistically significant due to high levels of available soil phosphorus. However, there were trends toward higher total yields, higher yield of number one grade tomatoes, and higher tissue phosphorus levels when phosphorus was placed in a concentrated zone or band as contrasted with the more popular broadcast method.

The effect of phosphorus placement in the greenhouse was …

Agricultural Experiment Station News May 1989

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
MARION O'LEARY HEADS BIOCHEMISTRY
GLENN HOFFMAN LEADS AG ENGINEERING
ARD DEFINITION OF "INTERDISCIPLINARY" VS "MULTIDISCIPLINARY" RESEARCH
NOTES FROM THE ARD ADVISORY COUNCIL
INDIRECT COSTS-WHERE DO THEY GO?
STATEMENT OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS
ARDC-MEAD ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATION
RESEARCH GRANTS AND CONTRACTS RECEIVED FEBRUARY & MARCH 1989
NEW AND REVISED PROJECTS

An Analysis Of Institutional Approaches For Management Of Common Rangeland Resources In Sub-Saharan Africa, Mohale Gabriel Sekoto

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The purpose of this report is to address the issues that are relevant to the management of common rangeland resources in Sub-Saharan Africa. I feel that the issues presented here are among some of those which are important and need to be considered in order to understand the kind of performance perceived about the efforts to develop the range and livestock in pastoral societies. In this report, three case studies have been reviewed, regarding institutional approaches tried to manage common rangelands. These case studies are about group ranches in Kajiado District, Kenya and in Upper Volta and the Sehlabathebe Grazing …

Root Exploitation Of Fertile Soil Microsites, Robert B. Jackson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Root exploitation of enriched soil microsites was examined for the tussock grasses Agropyron desertorum and Agropyron spicatum and the shrub Artemisia tridentata. Two mechanisms of exploitation of the microsites were examined: root proliferation and changes in nutrient uptake capacity. One day after nutrient solution was applied to small soil patches, the mean relative growth rate of Agropyron desertorum roots in enriched patches was two to four times greater than for roots of the same plants in soil patches treated with distilled water. This rapid and striking root proliferation occurred in response to N-P-K enrichment as well as to P or …

Management, Foraging Behavior, Diet Composition And Forage Quality Of Free-Ranging But Herded Camels In Ceeldheer District, Central Somalia, Ahmed A. Elmi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In Somalia, camel (Camelus dromedarius) survivability and milk production has been higher than for other domestic livestock and contributes substantially to the subsistence of Somali pastoralists. The objective of this research was to study management, foraging behavior and nutrition of camels in their natural habitat to determine how production continues under seasonal nutritional stress.

Management systems of Ceeldheer pastoralists are based on available natural pasture and water. The natural rotation grazing system maintained an ecological equilibrium in the District.

Pastoralists manipulate their herds to suit existing environmental conditions, family needs and labor availability for herding. In herd management, …

A Longitudinal Study Of Dietary Intake And Influence Of Iron Status On Infants' And Toddlers' Mental And Motor Development, Steven Matley Wood

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Thirty-two non-anemic children were assessed clinically, biochemically and anthropometrically at six months, one year and two years of age to investigate the relationship of iron status to mental and motor development. Using dietary history and dietary record instruments, dietary iron was estimated and compared to the National Food Consumption Survey (1985) and the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for corresponding age groups. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development (which assess mental and motor development) and the Caldwell Home Inventory (which evaluates the environmental stimuli) were performed and correlated with blood iron parameters, anthropometric measurements and dietary nutrient intakes.

Nutrient intakes of …

Proteolytic Activity Of Some Milk-Clotting Enzymes On K-Casein And K-Casein Macropeptide, Khalid M. Shammet

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This work reviews studies of bovine K-casein and specifically K-casein macropeptide. Properties of K-casein, its structure and heterogeneity, proteolytic activity of some milk clotting enzymes on K-casein, and K-casein sensitive bonds are discussed. Macropeptides of other species are also presented. The carbohydrate moieties of bovine macropeptide together with their biological and physiological functions are reviewed.

Macropeptides were produced by enzymic hydrolysis from whole casein solution using crystalline chymosin (EC 3.4.23.4). Trichloroacetic acid (final concentrations 2, 8 and 12%) was added after 5, 30 and 60 min of incubation to precipitate protein and inactivate the enzyme. The filtrate was then exhaustively …

Effect Of Proteolytic Activity Of The Lactic Cultures On Mozzarella Cheese Quality, Wen-Hsu Amos Wang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Mozzarella cheese market is growing rapidly. Major concerns with cheese meltability and color have arisen in the fast food industry. Pre starter culture was used in this study to improve the physical properties of Mozzarella cheese. Three tests (stretch test, melt test, and browning test) were modified to evaluate the quality of cheese.

A stretch test using the Brookfield helipath viscometer to stretch the cheese sample at 60°C was successful in distinguishing cheeses from different make procedures and from different proteolytic strains. A melt test using a glass tube to hold the cheese flow at 110°C for 60 min …

Change In Serum Iron As A Measure Of Bioavailability Of Dietary Iron, Mary Beth Wright

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Methods currently used to determine iron bioavailability have disadvantages for both the subjects and researchers involved. One safe and simple method that needs further evaluation, the serum iron absorption method, involves an initial blood drawing, dosages of iron, and blood drawings taken at intervals thereafter. Generally, the rise in serum iron or area under the curve is used to determine iron uptake. Two experiments were conducted using the serum iron absorption method in an effort to improve the utility of this method for the measurement of iron bioavailability. With this effort in mind, an equation adjusting for dose of iron …

Chemical Evaluation And Biological Vitamin A Activity Of The Major Carotenoids In The Hybrid Carrot Beta Iii, Cynthia M. Schweitzer

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Genetically enhanced high-carotene Beta III hybrid carrot was compared to a commercial carrot cultivar, Nantes Coreless, for carotene content and macronutrient composition. Beta III contained more than twice the total carotene content of Nantes Coreless, with α-carotene/β-carotene ratios higher in Beta III. Total solids from protein, lipids, and carbohydrate were greater in Beta III than in Nantes Coreless. Beta III contained about five times the amount of sucrose and one-fifth the amount of glucose and fructose than Nantes Coreless or reported literature values.

Comparison of the bioavailability of carotenes in Beta III and Nantes Coreless to purified β-carotene and retinyl …

Influence Of Processing Parameters On Nutrient Recovery During Ultrafiltration Of Milk And Meltability Of Pasteurized Process Cheese Food Made From The Retentate, Susan Kay Fortier Collinge

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Three batches of milk were ultrafiltered to 60, 65, or 70% volume reduction before diafiltration. Starting diafiltration at 70% volume reduction took less time and water without affecting nutrient recovery.

Whole milk was heated to 60, 72, and 82°C for 16 s. Milk representing each heat treatment was divided into three batches, one unacidified (pH 6.6), the others acidified to pH 6.2 and 5.8. The milk was ultrafiltered, diafiltered, and concentrated to 5x (80% volume reduction). Retentate was inoculated with .5% lactic culture and incubated at 28°C to pH 5.1. Each lot of fermented retentate was evaporated under 76 kPa …

Selenium And Iron In The Rat Intestine: Effects On Lipid Peroxidation, Sileny Vega

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Effects of Fe and Se status on GSHPx activity and lipid peroxidation in liver and intestinal mucosa were studied. Rats were Se and Fe supplemented (+Se+Fe), Se-deficient and Fe-supplemented (-Se+Fe), Se supplemented and Fe overloaded (+Se++Fe) by intramuscular injection, or Se deficient and Fe overloaded (-Se++Fe) for 20d. Fe overloaded tissues had more Fe, but hemoglobin was unaffected. Liver and mucosal GSHPx activity was low in Se-deficient rats. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were higher in Fe overloaded and -Se++Fe vs +Se++Fe tissues. Mucosal TBARS was higher in -Se++Fe rats gavaged with CBrCl₃. In experiment 2, Fe overload …

Effects Of Exchange Rate Changes On Sugar And Rice Trade Of The Dominican Republic, Gertrudys Brito

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The present research measures the role of exchange rate changes in explaining variations of sugar and rice trade. As background for this research, monetary, fiscal, and exchange rate policies of the Dominican Republic since 1970 are reviewed.

The theoretical framework describing the relationship between exchange rate changes and sugar and rice trade has been tested empirically using the Dominican Republic's annual data for the period of 1970-1987. Regression analyses on the import of rice and export of sugar are estimated.

The regression results conform with the expectation that exchange rate variance is most influential for rice import demand and less …

Production Of Monoclonal Antibodies Specific For The Gamonts Of Eimeria Tenella, Nancy Carol Larsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Cecal coccidiosis, caused by the protozoan Eimeria tenella, may manifest as a devastating disease in young chickens and result in substantial economic loss for producers. The parasite progresses through a complex life cycle, exhibiting both asexual and sexual (gamont) stages of development. The purpose of this study was to produce a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against epitopes contained on surface antigens (Ags) of the gamonts of E. tenella with the intent of blocking the fertilization process. Gamonts were harvested from infected ceca, partially purified by differential centrifugation throught a discontinuous 5050% Percoll density gradient and used as a …

Utilization Of Poultry Waste (Composted Caged-Layer) As A Supplement For Sheep Fed Straw During Late Pregnancy, Raul Meneses R.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The utilization of composed caged-layer waste (CCLW) in diets for pregnant ewes fed cereal straw was evaluated. Five sheep were assigned to five diets containing, 0, 5.72, 11.37, 23.80, and 32.69% CCLW in a 5x5 Latin square design. Water intake, feed intake and feces output were measured. Feed and feces were analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), organic matter, hemicellulose and minerals. Thus, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance could be calculated. Forty dry, pregnant ewes in the last third of generation were assigned to four dietary treatments contained 0, 11.25, 22.08 and …

Some Factors Affecting The Postpartum Interval In Sheep, Jose Pedro Cannas Simoes

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of genotype on the occurrence of ovulation and estrus during the interval from lambing to ovulation accompanied by estrus (postpartum interval) was measured in White-Face and Black-Face ewes that lambed during the breeding season in 1986 and 1987. A group of St. Croix ewes was added to the study in 1987. The influence of lactation on the events of the postpartum interval was measured by comparing intact and mastectomized White-Face and Black-Face ewes. The effect of prolactin on postpartum interval was measured in these two genotypes and in a group of bromocriptine-treated Black-Face ewes that lambed in 1986. …

Diel Vertical Migration And Feeding Of Underyearling Bear Lake Sculpin Cottus Extensus (Pisces, Cottidae), Darcy Neverman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Underyearling Bear Lake sculpin exhibit a diel pattern of vertical migration throughout the pelagic region of Bear Lake (Utah-Idaho) until they are approximately 22 mm standard length. Individuals move from the bottom of the lake (5° C) during the day into the water column (13-16° C) at night. The migration, however, is not related to feeding. Although the dominant copepod in the water column, Epischura nevadensis, do undergo a similar diel vertical migration, stomach analysis of juvenile sculpin captured by trawling shows that they do not feed in the water column. Instead, from July through October, their diet is dominated …

Plasmin In Milk: Activity Measurement, Effect Of Environmental Factors, And Correlation With Milk Coagulation, Eric D. Bastian

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Bovine plasmin activity was measured on H-D-valyl-L-leucyl-L-lysyl-4-nitroanilide by following absorbance changes at 405 nm. Steady-state kinetic parameters V_max, K_m, K_I, and K_I' were estimated. Bovine plasmin is competitively inhibited by casein and has a K_cat of .0158 ΔA₄₀₅/min/nM, K_m of .107 mM substrate, and K_I of .86 mg/ml casein. Bovine plasmin can be measured directly in bovine milk without interference from casein.

A total of 380 milk samples from nineteen Holstein (one herd) and nineteen Jersey (one herd) cows was collected monthly during one lactation period. Samples …

A Quantitative Assessment Of Minerals Of Toxicological Importance In Utah Fast Foods, Lisa R. Williams

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

X-ray flourescence (XRF) and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) measurements for manganese, iron, copper, and zinc were compared for 96 samples of 21 foods from different sources. Correlation coefficients were 0.94 for manganese, 0.99 for iron, 0.93 for copper, and 0.91 for zinc for XRF vs. AAS determinations.

Similiar comparisons were performed on 228 samples of fast foods purchased in Utah retail outlets. Correlation coefficients ranged from 0.91 for copper to 0.97 for iron and zinc. Comparisons of values generated by XRF for manganese, iron, copper, zinc, selenium, arsenic, and aluminum to values certified by the National Bureau of Standards indicated …

Winter Habitats And Foods Of Blue Grouse In The Sheeprock Mountains, Utah, Peter J. Perkins, Frederick G. Lindzey, Jay A. Roberson, Gregory Mcdaniel, Randy Berger

Great Basin Naturalist

Winter habitat use and food habits of Blue Grouse (Dendragapus obscurus) were studied in an isolated Utah desert mountain range that contained little typical Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) winter habitat. Habitat use was concentrated in the Douglas-fir and pinyon (Pinus edulis)–juniper (Juniperus spp.) habitat. Douglas-fir and pinyon pine were the most consumed foods. Other foods that represented >15% of the composition of an individual fecal sample were limber pine (Pinus flexilis), mahogany (Cercocarpus ledifoliu), juniper, and an Anteunaria–Cirsium type. The breadth in winter diet indicates that Blue Grouse may …

Morphological Effects Of Lonidamine On Two Human-Tumor Cell Culture Lines, Joseph G. Szekely, Anya U. Lobreau, Sabine Delaney, G. Peter Raaphorst, Mark Feeley

Scanning Microscopy

Lonidamine, 1-(2-4-dichlorobenzyl)-1-H-indazol-3-carboxylic acid. is an anticancer drug that has its primary action on cellular metabolism rather than cell division. Since lonidamine is not effective in all tumor cells, we have tested it in two human-tumor cell culture lines: MOLT-4, a T-leukemia and U-87 MG. a glioma. Lonidamine exposure of MOLT-4 cells at 50 μg/mL and pH 6.7 disrupted the mitochondria within 1 h of treatment. The mitochondria were swollen and the cristae were disrupted. When the treated cells were re-incubated in fresh medium at pH 7.4 the mitochondria rapidly returned to their normal morphology. The U-87 MG glioma cells did …

Salinity Tolerance In Plantago Species: An Ultrastructural And X-Ray Microanalytical Investigation Of Differences In Ion Transport In The Roots, Diana M. R. Harvey

Scanning Microscopy

Root ultrastructure and elemental distributions in regions 3-4 mm behind the apex were examined by transmission electron microscopy and x-ray microanalysis in Plantago maritima ( grown ± 200 mM NaCl) and Plantago media (grown± 20 mM NaCl). In Plantago media vacuolation was incomplete in the cortical and xylem parenchyma cells. Epidermal transfer cells were observed in plants grown in the presence of NaCl. In Plantago maritima grown in the presence of NaCl, vacuolation was complete. In the xylem parenchyma cells of Plantago maritima controls the mitochondria were clustered adjacent to the vessels, rather than evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasm. X-ray …