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How Much Fat Can The Different Segments Of Our Industry Accept?, Bill Mies

Range Beef Cow Symposium

The management of fat content of the carcass, both subcutaneous fat and marbling, will be the challenge of the future for the cattle feeders of the U.S. The cattle feeder will have to juggle carcass weights, quality grade and yield grade in order to determine the appropriate end point for fed cattle. The input data for decisions will be the Choice-Select spread, yield grade discounts, feed costs, interest costs, cost of feeder cattle and genetic potential of the cattle in question.

There is a perception among cattle feeders that, in the future, the packers will simply dictate the type of …

Evaluation And Practical Use Of Research Results For Developing Grazing Strategies, Patrick Reese

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Given the diversity of potential objectives and production environments there are many types of research beyond grazing studies that can be used to design grazing strategies. Management perception and awareness of information are important factors in the development of creative and efficient grazing strategies. Well thought out and clearly documented goals and objectives will help to identify the kind of information that is needed. Grazing strategies should be financially and ecologically sound in respect to management objectives, but most importantly, they should be as simple and risk free as possible. The relative value of any information must be based upon …

Making Riparian Area Protection A Workable Part Of Grazing Management, Quentin D. Skinner

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Riparian areas are recognized as the green area immediately adjacent to water, such as streams, springs, rivers, ponds, and lakes. They are identified by the presence of vegetation that requires large amounts of water during plant growing seasons (Figure 1). These narrow zones of green vegetation make up only a small proportion of the total area of the lower mountain elevations, foothills, and basin areas of the western United States. They serve as a transition zone between the more plentiful surrounding drier land or (upland) vegetation types and aquatic ecosystems supported by a particular source of water. Because of the …

Protein Versus Grain Supplementation For Cows Grazing Winter Range, Don C. Adams

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Grazing rangeland during the fall-winter is common on many cattle ranches. Fall-winter grazing of cows generally reduces production costs when compared to feeding a full ration of harvested feeds. Fall-winter range forages alone may not maintain body weight and condition of the cow. Grazing fall-winter range generally has associated cost for supplemental feeds. This paper will look at the effects of protein and grain supplementation on cow performance and the costs of supplements.

Increase Profit: Feeding Cows By Body Condition And Production Potential, Ivan G. Rush

Range Beef Cow Symposium

For the last several years cattlemen have stressed high production, especially weaning weight in their cow calf operations. It was felt, m order to be profitable output from the cow herd must be maximized. As a result, of selection for both growth and milking ability of the cow has markedly increased weaning weights and in most herds mature cow size has also increased. Compared to 10-12 years ago, today we are producing 90-95% of the beef with 2/3 of the cows.

As we expect more from the cow, nutrient intake must also increase. In many cases producers have been able …

Management Strategies For Improving The Re-Breeding Of The Cow, James E. Kinder, Leree A. Werth

Range Beef Cow Symposium

What are the primary factors that influence the ability of cows to rebreed following calving? From a broad perspective, two key factors influence when conception occurs. First, cows must initiate estrous (heat) cycles following calving to provide the proper conditions for conception to be possible. Secondly those events involved in conception must occur. We will discuss what has to occur before estrous cycles are initiated. The influence of the presence of bulls on initiation of estrous cycles is emphasized. In the second section of the paper, we describe conception rates in 2 and 3 year old cows during the early …

How Do Resources Influence Time Of Calving: “Why We Calve Early”, John N. Price

Range Beef Cow Symposium

When I was asked to give this presentation on “WHY WE CALVE EARLY” I said this is easy “because it works for us.” Now that I sit down and think about why it works I find myself going over five generations of inspirations, frustrations, work, sleepless nights, and determination to understand why “IT WORKS FOR US”.

The Price Ranch is a family operation that has been in the family for five generations. The present day Prices consist of my father Richard Price, stepmother Lylamae, wife and best friend Pam, three children John R., Shannon and Angela and two excellent full …

Management Of High Nitrate Forages, Doug L. Hixon

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Each year various regions of western range country are affected by weather and other environmental conditions that stress growing plants, causing them to accumulate nitrates. Of 183 forage samples analyzed for nitrates at the Wyoming State Chemical Lab from July 1 to December 31, 1989, 27% had potassium nitrate levels of 1.5% or greater. At these levels, when ingested by livestock and particularly cattle, the possibility of nitrate toxicoses are highly probable. In this paper, an attempt will be made to review the literature in order to give the producer a better understanding of potential problems and precautions necessary to …

Prevention And Control Of Trichomoniasis, William G. Kvasnicka

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Weather, nutrition, public land policy, marketing options, and diseases all influence the sustainability and profitability of cow-calf enterprises in the United States. One of the diseases is trichomoniasis. It is a venereal disease of cattle causing reproductive failure and considerable economic loss in areas of the world where natural breeding is used.(1,2) The disease is one of the most common infectious diseases causing decreased reproductive efficiency in beef cattle in the western United States.(1)

If Immunity Fails, Don’T Pick On Your Drug Salesman – It May Be Nutritional, Cheryl F. Nockels

Range Beef Cow Symposium

“But I vaccinated those calves for enterotoxemia, they couldn’t have died from Clostridium perfringens. That vaccine must not be any good! Just wait until I get hold of that drug company salesperson.” Does this scenario or a similar experience seem familiar to you? I’m not saying that there aren’t times when vaccines fail to cause the animal to produce its own protective response by stimulating the immune system. A substance foreign to the body that induces the immune system to response is called an antigen, as found in vaccines or organisms such as bacteria or viruses. An animal’s immunological …

Are Your Range Cattle Wormy: Does It Make “Cents” To De-Worm?, William R. Jolley

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Range cattle provide room and board for a large variety of flatworm and roundworm parasites. A parasite is by definition an agent that inflicts a degree of harm to a host, and the damage caused depends on the innate abilities, size of the population, duration of infection and other factors tied to the parasite. Host-related factors are also important, including breed, age, sex and condition. The damage to animals may be obvious, with clinical signs including diarrhea, loss of weight, “bottle jaw” (swelling under the jaw), rough hair coat, reproductive/breeding dysfunction and, in severe cases, feed waste due to an …

Early Death Loss In Calves From Diarrhea, John U. Thomson

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Death loss in the calf crop is associated with the cost of the calf, labor, lost cow production, and stress on the ranch or farm management. One should be aware that the cause of death in most diarrheic calves is metabolic acidosis and/or dehydration (1). Many calves will survive the common pathogens causing diarrhea when proper supportive therapy is provided. The diarrheic calf can be treated without knowledge of the specific etiological agent, however, a definitive diagnosis can assist in the development of helpful prevention and management practices (2). Identifying the causative agent can be helpful in selection of the …

Nebline, December 1991

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Ag Update: Agricultural News & Events

Home Extension News

On-the-Grow: Horticulture News & Recommendations

The Cloverline: 4-H News and Events

Extension Calendar

and other extension news

Agriculture And Technology In Developing Countries India And Nigeria By Sumit Roy, New Delhi: Sage Publication, 1990., T P Gopalaswamy

IIMB Management Review

No abstract provided.

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 23, No. 4. December 1991

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS RESPONSE TO BURNING: INTERACTIONS BETWEEN FIRE AND SOIL MOISTURE ▪ G. W. Blankespoor and B. S. Bich

FORAGE PRODUCTION AND USE ON BIGHORN SHEEP WINTER RANGE

FOLLOWING SPRING BURNING IN GRASSLAND AND PONDEROSA PINE HABITATS ▪ T. G. Easterly and K. J. Jenkins

SHORT-TERM MORTALITY OF SMALLMOUTH BASS CAUGHT DURING A LIVE-RELEASE TOURNAMENT AT LAKE OAHE, SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ J. J. Jackson and D. W. Willis

CRAYFISH IN SAND LAKE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE ▪ C. D. Dieter

PIPING PLOVERS NEST ON DRY …

The Effects Of Selenate, Molybdate And Chromate On The Triiodothyronine Induced Enzyme Activity And Mrna Level For Both Fatty Acid Synthase And Malic Enzyme, Yuan Zhu

Masters Theses

In chick embryo hepatocytes in culture, triiodothyronine (T3) stimulates enzyme activity, mRNA level and transcription rate for both fatty acid synthase (FAS) and malic enzyme (ME). Recent evidence has demonstrated the effects of selenate, molybdate and chromate on various physiological processes. Little information, however, is available on the effects of these metal ions on the T3- regulated gene expression for FAS and ME.

In chick embryo hepatocytes incubated in a chemically defined medium, addition of sodium selenate (20 μM) coincident with T3 almost completely inhibited the T3-induced stimulation of FAS and ME activity and accumulation of their respective mRNA's. Neither …

Variation In A Host-Epiphyte Relationship Along A Wave Exposure Gradient, Phillip S. Levin, Arthur C. Mathieson

New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station Publications

The red alga Polysiphonia lanosa (L ) Tandy is an obligate epiphyte that primarily occurs on the fucoid brown algal basiphyte Ascophyllum nodosum (L) Le Jolis In the present study we examine how epiphytic interactions between P lanosa and A nodosum vary along a wave exposure gradient within the southern Gulf of Maine, USA P lanosa was most dense on protected shores, however because the stature of P lanosa was greater on exposed than on sheltered shores, greater biomass occurred In exposed habitats Epiphytlc P lanosa pnmanly attached to inlured vegetative bssue at exposed sites, while ~ t osc currence …

Consumption Of Solid Food By Suckling Pigs: Individual Variation And Relation To Weight Gain, Edmond A. Pajor, David Fraser, Donald L. Kramer

Feeding Behavior Collection

Individual daily consumption of supplementary solid food ('creep feed') was measured from Day 10 to weaning at Day 28 for 39 piglets in four litters, and its relationship to body weight and weight gain up to Day 42 was investigated. Individual consumption was measured by combining the weight of the feed removed from the dispensers (monitored electronically) and a video image of piglet activity at the feeder. Creep feed consumption varied greatly, both between and within litters. On average, pigs began feeding on Day 12 (range Day 10-28), intake was relatively low (usually < 5 g day ^‒1) until Day 20 but increased …

How To Turn Your Kitchen Into A Lab!, Charlotte P. Brennand Ph. D.

Archived Food and Health Publications

Publication goes over the steps to a proper experiment and teaches how to do experiments in your own kitchen.

Nebline, November 1991

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Ag Update: Agricultural News & Events

Home Extension News

On-the-Grow: Horticulture News & Recommendations

The Cloverline: 4-H News and Events

Extension Calendar

and other extension news

Analysis Of The Metal Requirement Of 3-Deoxy-D-Arabino-Heptulosonate-7-Phosphate Synthase From Escherichia Coli., Craig Stephens, Ronald Bauerle

Biology

The three isozymes of 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase from Escherichia coli were overproduced, purified, and characterized with respect to their requirement for metal cofactor. The isolated isozymes contained 0.2-0.3 mol of iron/mol of enzyme monomer, variable amounts of zinc, and traces of copper. Enzymatic activity of the native enzymes was stimulated 3-4-fold by the addition of Fe2+ ions to the reaction mixture and was eliminated by treatment of the enzymes with EDTA. The chelated enzymes were reactivated by a variety of divalent metal ions, including Ca2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+. The specific activities of the reactivated enzymes varied …

A Review Of Plant Introductions To The Kimberley 1955 To 1987, R Mccartney

Grain and other field crops published reports

This report summarizes the work done by the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, in the west and north Kimberley in introducing plant species during 1955-1987.

For the purposes of this repor1the following areas are defined thus:

• West Kimberley- lies between latitude 17°5 and 19°5 and longitude 121°E and 127°E, with an extension to the north of 1° between 121°E and I 24°20'E. The area is 118,000 km".

• North Kimberley - lies north of latitude 17°5 and between longitude 124°20'E and 127°30'E. The area is 85,000 km'.

• East Kimberley-lies north of latitude 19°5 and between longitude 127°30'E and …

Introduction Of Marilyn E. Scott As The Henry Baldwin Ward Medalist For 1991, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Transcript of the introduction of Marilyn E. Scott as the American Society of Parasitologists Henry Baldwin Ward Medalist for 1991, by Daniel R. Brooks.

Cellular Basis Of Aging In The Mammalian Heart, Piero Anversa, Joseph M. Capasso

Scanning Microscopy

This review is concerned with the functional and structural changes occurring in the aging heart. These changes were investigated in an integrated fashion in Fischer 344 rats at 4, 12, 20, and 29 months after birth. Mean arterial pressure, left ventricular systolic and end-diastolic pressures, as well as stroke volume remained substantially constant up to 20 months. At 29 months, however, end-diastolic pressure was significantly increased, and dP/dt and stroke volume were depressed. Focal areas of interstitial and replacement fibrosis were markedly increased at 20 and 29 months, mostly in the subendocardial region of the ventricular wall. Also the aggregate …

Comparison Of Methods Of Estimating Variance Components In Pigs, J. W. Keele, T. E. Long, R. K. Johnson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Components of variance due to average effects of genes (σ _g²), environmental effects common to littermates (σ _c²), and environmental effects peculiar to individual pigs (σ _e² )were estimated (ˆ) by the Pseudo Expectation Approach (PE). Data were litter size (LS), backfat (BF; centimeter) and ADG (kilograms/day) collected from the Nebraska Gene Pool swine population between 1967 and 1986. Mean square errors (MSE) for ĥ² and ĉ² (ô_g² and ô_c² divided by phenotypic variance) by PE and nested ANOVA and h² estimated by offspring on parent regression (REGOP) …

Microphotometric Quantification Of Crystal Growth In Gels For The Study Of Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis, Wolfgang Achilles

Scanning Microscopy

This paper gives a review on an efficient microtechnique (Gel Crystallization Method; GCM) which quantifies crystal growth in gel matrices, and its application to research into urinary stone formation. Relative crystal growth rates (Vcr) of calcium oxalate hydrates (CaOx) were determined by simultaneous multiple measurements in 96-well microplates using computer controlled microscopic photometry. Efficiency: 120 kinetic measurements/h; imprecision: < 2% at standard conditions. The method was applied to study the effects of diverse small-ionic and macromolecular constituents of human urine on the crystal growth rate of CaOx. The 'inhibitory activity' of urine could be evaluated by comparison of the Vcr measured in native and corresponding artificial samples. Macromolecules, at physiological concentration, played only a minor role as inhibitors in the model under regard. The GCM was employed to study the in-vivo effects of different therapeutic measures on CaOx growth in urine of normal volunteers. While the application of alkali citrate resulted in a > 70% decline of Vcr, no beneficial effects could be found with three magnesium compounds, and a dietary fiber preparation. In a study including 20 male recurrent CaOx stone formers and 29 well-matched controls, among all parameters under investigation, the Vcr showed the …

Ecological Considerations In The Management Of Wildlife Damage, Robert K. Swihart

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Strategies for managing wildlife damage may be divided into 3 broad categories: direct manipulation of populations, manipulation of behavioral or ecological traits of pest species, and manipulation of environmental features. For each of these categories, I review the importance of ecological considerations in determining the effectiveness of management strategies. Proper incorporation of ecological information is important to the success of management strategies in all 3 categories. I predict that future demands will increase for ecologically-based strategies that require minimal intervention, and for integration of management strategies that simultaneously address problems posed by both vertebrate and invertebrate pests. Several recent ecologically-based …

Drug Residues And Food Safety, Clell V. Bagley Dvm

Archived Food and Health Publications

Publication discusses drug residues in food animal products and food safety concerning drug residues.

South Dakota Farm And Home Research (Fall 1991), South Dakota State University

South Dakota Farm and Home Research: 1949 -1998

This issue contains the 104th South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station Annual Report. This report covers July 1, 1990 - June 30, 1991.

Director's comments: Adding to the_ toolbox Some technologies are old and well used. Biotechnology will become a comfortable and handy tool as we adapt it to our specific South Dakota needs. [p] 2
Women in ag Society tends to picture farmers and ranchers strictly as men, but it's time for that perception to change. A survey indicates that farm and ranch women are making a significant contribution to South Dakota agriculture. [p] 3
Retained ownership A group of …

Nebline, October 1991

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Ag Update: Agricultural News & Events

Home Extension News

On-the-Grow: Horticulture News & Recommendations

The Cloverline: 4-H News and Events

Extension Calendar

and other extension news