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The Effect Of Soil Conditioner And Growth Booster On The Agronomic Characters And Number Of Nodules Of Black Soybean, Tien Turmuktini, I Putu Rahmat Santoso, Lia Amalia, Nunung Sondari, Elly Roosma Ria, Yenny Muliani, Endang Kantikowati, Tualar Simarmata

Jurnal Kultivasi

Soil Conditioner & Growth Booster (SCGB) is a potion that was made to be used as a soil conditioner and plant growth promoter. SCGB is made from organic matter, biological fertilizers, soil ameliorants, and microelements. This research aims to determine the best dosage of SCGB on the agronomic characters, effective nodules, and black soybean variety ‘Detam-1’ yield. This research was conducted in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Winaya Mukti University, Sumedang, Indonesia. This experiment used a simple randomized block design (RBD) with six treatments (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 kg/ha) and repeated 4 times. The observation …

Effects Of Beetroot Juice Supplementation On Power Output During Resistance Exercise In Resistance-Trained Women, Christopher B. Sottile, Sydney N. Brennan, Trevor J. Molnar, Raymond T. Gerardo, Justin M. Foster, Ryan Tran, Michael Egiazarian, Kyle S. Geppert, Abigial F. Ballhagen, Adam Pennell, Rachel Tan

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

Dietary nitrate supplementation has been reported to enhance explosive-type movements, but our understanding of the ergogenic potential of nitrate in resistance exercise and women is understudied. PURPOSE: To investigate if dietary nitrate, provided as nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BR), improved resistance exercise performance compared to nitrate-depleted beetroot juice (PL) in resistance-trained women. METHODS: Eighteen resistance-trained women were assigned in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design to consume PL (0.10 mmol nitrate) and BR (6 mmol of nitrate) 2.5 h prior to performing barbell back squats and bench press at 55% one-repetition max (1RM), 60%1RM, and 65%1RM. Power and velocity were measured via …

The Impact Of Consuming An Electrolyte Drink Pre Vs Post-Workout On Recovery As Measured Through Urinary Indicators In Collegiate Cross-Country Runners, Laura Taylor, Aidan Becher, Madelynn Struck, Momodou Colley

24th Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2025)

BACKGROUND: Hydration is crucial in sports, as dehydration can decrease strength, endurance, and power. Drinking electrolytes before and after intense exercise can promote hydration. Few studies have compared the difference in consuming electrolytes pre/post-workout. The impact of consuming electrolyte drinks can be assessed by comparing pre/post-workout urinary biomarkers (UB). PURPOSE: To determine if drinking electrolytes before/after a workout improves post-workout recovery as measured by heart rate (HR) and UB in collegiate Cross Country (CC) runners. METHODS: 21 CC runners (43% men, 20±3 years) were divided into four groups. For four weeks (Sep-Oct 2024), participants consumed Liquid IV (LIV) or a …

A Cluster Randomized Trial Of Xylitol Chewing Gum For Prevention Of Preterm Birth: The Ppax Trial, Gregory C Valentine, Kathleen M Antony, Haleh Sangi-Haghpeykar, Alexis C Wood, Rose Chirwa, Saukani Petro, Mary Dumba, Deborah Nanthuru, Cynthia Shope, Jesse Mlotha-Namarika, Jeffrey Wilkinson, Joshua Aagaard, Ellen J Aagaard, Maxim D Seferovic, Judy Levison, Peter Kazembe, Kjersti M Aagaard

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: Maternal periodontal disease is associated with preterm and low-birthweight deliveries, but randomized trials of likely efficacious treatments (e.g., dental scaling and root planing) during pregnancy have not reduced these adverse outcomes. As an alternative, we hypothesized that periconception initiation of xylitol chewing gum would reduce the occurrence of preterm or low-birthweight deliveries among a historical high-prevalence population in Malawi.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, parallel-enrollment, matched-pair, cluster-randomized, controlled clinical trial across eight health centers (sites) in and around Lilongwe, Malawi. Sites were paired by anticipated delivery volume and randomized to prenatal and oral health education alone (active control) or …

Nutrition Education Intervention For Patients Living With Hiv Attending An Outpatient Clinic In Dubai, Uae, Souheir Mahmoud Alia

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

Nutrition is crucial to HIV/AIDS management. HIV affects the immune system, making infections and illnesses harder to resist. Despite the importance of nutrition for people living with HIV (PLHIV), there have been no studies of nutritional interventions for PLHIV in the MENA region. Aim: The objective of this study is to assess the baseline status of PLHIV and the impact of a lifestyle intervention on various aspects of their health and lifestyle status, including nutritional knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP), and intake of immune-boosting food/nutrients. Methods: Sixty-three patients attending an outpatient clinic in Dubai were randomly assigned to an intervention …

Determination Of The Effects Of Biogenic Metal Nanoparticles Concentrations On Soil Properties, Vicia Faba Growth And The Toxicity On Black Aphid, Ayoub Sabir Karim, Halala Rahman Qadr, Sakar Abdulqadr Saeed, Nashmeel Saeed Khudhur

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The development of nanomaterials could support more extensive agricultural uses, including nano-pesticides. Current study was conducted to observe the effects of different concentrations (25, 50, 75, 100, 150 and 200 ppm) of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al₂O₃ NPs) on soil, faba bean and toxicity on black aphid (Aphis fabae). The synthesized ZnO NPs from Musa paradisiaca L. characterized by ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Transmission electron microscopy. Al₂O₃ NPs was prepared by calcination of Iraqi kaolin via evaporation process. Highest pH …

Advantages, Disadvantages, And Factors Influencing The Reproductive Performance Of Gilts And Sows Raised In Gestational Group Housing And Free-Farrowing Systems, Natchanon Dumniem Dr., Thomas D. Parsons, Padet Tummaruk

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In the modern global pig industry, there is a growing interest in animal-friendly agriculture, encouraging farmers to prioritize humane practices and meet the welfare needs of their animals. In developed countries, consumers are increasingly concerned about animal welfare, particularly regarding pigs as social animals, advocating for their housing in groups that reflect their natural behaviors in the wild. There is significant societal pressure to eliminate the use of crate systems, which cause discomfort to animals in commercial farming. In these systems, breeding females are often restricted in movement throughout the reproductive cycle. As a result, alternative husbandry and housing systems …

The Impact Of Lactoferrin And Iron-Enriched Whey On Iron Absorption, Gastrointestinal Symptoms, And Menstrual Health In Women, Mia Dustin

Student Research Symposium

Background

• Iron is essential for oxygen transport, energy metabolism, and overall health. ¹
• In the U.S., 20% of women aged 18–45 do not meet the estimated average requirement (18 mg/day). ^2,3
• Ferrous sulfate (FS) effectively improves iron levels but often causes severe gastrointestinal (GI) side effects. ⁴
• Previous research has suggested that lactoferrin, a milk-derived glycoprotein, may provide comparable iron delivery with fewer GI issues. ⁴
• Research suggests that lactoferrin, a milk-derived glycoprotein, delivers iron as effectively as ferrous sulfate, with fewer gastrointestinal issues. ⁴
• This clinical trial, conducted at USU’s Center for Human Nutrition Studies, examined the effects of …

Frequency Of Fruit And Vegetable Consumption Among Women Diagnosed With Gestational Diabetes, Hailey Koster

Student Research Symposium

• Consuming fruits and vegetables has been associated with a reduced risk of gestational diabetes and improved pregnancy outcomes. ¹

• However, the majority do not meet the recommendation of five servings per day or 400 g per day according to the World Health Organization.²

Establishing Methods For In Vitro Static Culture Of Gut Microbiomes For Nutritional Intervention Studies, Jeremy Case

Student Research Symposium

The National Cancer Institute reports colorectal cancer as the leading cause of cancer death for individuals under 50 in the United States (American Cancer Society). These rates continue to rise with poor diet, microbiome dysbiosis, and gut inflammation being the primary drivers.

Our lab performs nutrient- intervention studies on DSS/AOM colitis-induced mouse models fed the total Western diet, reflective of the average American’s diet. A poor diet promotes gut microbiome dysbiosis and subsequent colitis, ultimately yielding colon cancer. We seek to understand how the introduction of a bioactive compound may lessen or promote these effects in in vivo mouse models. …

Empowering Girls In Sports: Combatting The Female Athlete Triad, Mia Dustin, Emma George, Whitney Stevenson

Student Research Symposium

The purpose of this project is to address the prevalence of the Female Athlete Triad among female high school athletes. Studies indicate that while the risk factors for the Female Athlete Triad are widespread, awareness of the condition among athletes and coaches remains low.¹ Female athletes also experience higher levels of body dissatisfaction, disordered eating patterns, and associated mental health concerns compared to their male counterparts.² ³ The prevalence of the Female Athlete Triad is particularly concerning due to its long-term implications, including low bone density, amenorrhea, muscular injuries, stress fractures, abnormal lipid profiles, irreversible bone loss, depression, low self-esteem, …

Plant-Based Substitutes For Gelatin In Gummy Bears, Neisha Christensen, Tiffany Stoker, Bethany Janes, Kaiah Thomas, Maryann Schneider

Student Research Symposium

Gummy bears are typically made using gelatin. Those who choose to follow a vegan/vegetarian diet are unable to eat products that contain gelatin, since gelatin is made from the collagen found in animal tissues. Additionally, people who avoid eating pork for religious or other reasons cannot consume gelatin, as it is commonly derived from pork.

Alternatives For Whey Protein Powder, Alleyah Murphy, Emily Jensen, Jaiden C., Spencer C.

Student Research Symposium

Protein shakes have become a popular product in the market, heavily advertised as convenient nutrient sources for active adolescents and adults. These products are widely available in grocery stores, pharmacies, and through online distributors (Deutch, 2022). Typically made with whey protein, they are unsuitable for individuals following vegan or lactose-free diets. The goal of this experiment is to evaluate the impact of substituting whey protein powder with equivalent amounts of pea, soy, and hemp seed protein powders on the taste, texture, viscosity, and protein content of vanilla protein shakes to identify the most suitable alternative

Forage Crop Improvement Through Biotechnology, S S. Croughan

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) is a perennial forage grass grown on over 10 million ha worldwide. In the southern United States, it is used extensively for grazing and the production of hay. It is a well adapted grass, but improvements in traits such as forage quality and pest resistance are needed. Much vari­ation in the nutritional value exists between genotypes. Tissue culture offers a method for the production of improved germ­plasm. Most plants regenerated from callus cultures will vary from the original variety from which they were derived. This phenomenon is referred to as somaclonal variation and can be …

Apomixis And Sexuality In Brachiaria Decumbens Stapf., C B. Do Valle, Y H. Savidan, L Jank

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Brachiaria decumbens Stapf is a perennial tropical forage grass, native to east African savannas. It was introduced to Brazil in the 1960's and is now widely cultivated over 30 million hectares in Central Brazil alone. The two commercial varieties are apomictic tetraploids (2n = 4x = 36), producing uniform progeny, and were selected for their high dry matter production and persistence on poor acid soils. They lack, however, resist­ance to spittlebugs (Deois spp., Zulia spp., Aeneolania spp.) and produce forage of low nutritive value, especially during the dry winter months. The absence of natural variability associated to apomictic reproduction has …

Use Of New Methods For Grass And Legume Breeding In Western Region Of The Soviet Union, R Dapkus

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The climatic conditions of the Western region of the Soviet Union are favourable for grassland production which provides the major part of forage for livestock nutrition. In raising grassland productivity, new varieties play an important role. Adapted varieties with high yield potential must be used. For developing such varieties, the Fodder Crops Breeding Centre fbr the Western region of the Soviet Union was estab­lished at the Lituanian Agricultural Research Institute in 1972 on the basis of experience since 1922, when selection of herbage species was initiated there. During the past twenty years, breed­ing work has progressed rapidly. At present, breeding …

Overall Quality And Quantity Evaluations Of Native Ecotypes Of Crested Wheatgrasses Of Iran, B Peymani-Fard

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn (crested wheatgrass) is indigenous to central Asia including parts of the USSR, China, Afghanistan, Turkey and Iran (Bore, 1970). It is a perennial tufted grass which often grows naturally on stony slopes and calcareous soils. In very hot dry periods it tends to remain dor­mant but renews its growth as soon as its moisture supply returns to normal. It also survives the coldest temperature encountered in its area of adaptation (Rogler, 1960). The toler­ance of Agropyron cristatum to heavy spring grazing results from early root activity, early accumulation of leaf tissue and significant accumulation of carbohydrates …

The Potential Of Lolium Multiflorum X Festuca Gigantea Hybrids, M O. Humphreys, H Thomas, B F. Tyler

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The potential for combining traits from broadly adapted Festuca with more highly specialised Lolium has been investi­gated for many years especially with regard to cytological behaviour (Breese et al., 1981). In the USA, efforts to increase the nutritive value of tall fescue through hybrids with ryegrasses succeeded in producing the variety Kenhy (Buckner et al., 1977). So far, Lolium/Fescue hybrids have not been able to compete commercially with more productive ryegrasses in intensive UK farming systems (Breese and Lewis, 1984). How­ever, with recent economic changes in European agriculture there is a need for more efficient, lower input grassland …

Comparative Study Of Some Varieties Of Cowpea I- Productivity And Nutritive Analysis, K M. Ghobrial, M A. Gabra

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In Egypt, the serious problem of feed shortage, especially of green summer fodder suppresses the improvement of animal production. Therefore, dependence on improving local food and food resources for both animals and humans becomes a «must» for a right policy. The animal feeding system is depen­ding on the cultivation of berseem (Trifolium alexandrium L.). It produces annually around 4.81 million tons starch value/year and could cover the requirements of animals with surplus of 0.92 million tons starch value. However, in summer period, there will be at least a deficiency of 1.50 million tons starch value and most animals are …

Ontribution A L’Etude Des Especes Spontanees Du Genre Medicago L. En Algerie. Analyses Chimiques Du Fourrage Au Stade Vegetatif, Ratiba Goumiri, A Abdelguerfi, F H. Longo-Hammouda, S Oubchur

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

En Algerie, l'alimentation constitue le principal facteur limi­tant la production animale; son deficit en unites fourrageres (UF) est evalue a 3 milliards (Moskal, 1983). Elle est, outre son deficit, souvent de tres mau��aise qualite. La connaissance de la valeur alimentaire des fourrages est indispensable pour equilibrer au mieux !es rations, etablir des plants de rationnement adaptes aux besoins et valoriser le potentiel genetique du troupeau (Codron, 1986). Dans ce cadre et afin de caracteriser le materiel vegetal local, nous avons realise quelques analyses classiques sur des legumi­neuses du genre Medicago. Les especes de ce genre sont, en effet, appelees …

Introduction And Evaluation Of Tropical Forages In The Savannas Of Colombia, E A. Pizarro, L H. Franco, A Ramirez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The well-drained isohyperthermic savannas occupy an area of 98 million hectares, and are distributed in Colombia, Venezuela, northern Brazil, and Guyana. This extensive region of tropical America is characterized by a total wet season potential evapotranspiration of 901 to 1060 mn, an average monthly temperature in the wet season above 23.5 °C, and a wet season of six to eight months. The soils are Oxisols of low fertility and the predominant production system is extensive cattle ranching on native pastures of low nutritive value (Coch­rane et al., 1985). The Tropical Pastures Program of CIAT began a series of regional trials …

Centrosema Tetragonolobum- A New Tropical Pasture Legume For Acid Soils, R Schultze-Kraft

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

During one of the joint plant exploration missions between CIA T's Tropical Pastures Program and national research institutions which aim at building up a comprehensive inter­national forage germplasm collection for development of acid­soil tolerant cultivars (Schultze-Kraft, 1985), an unknow Cen­trosema species was collected. It is closely related to C. brasili­anum and was recently described as C. tetragonolobum (Schultze-Kraft and Williams, in press). Its natural distribution is restricted to the Orinoco region in Colombia and Venezuela between latitudes 4° and 6° N. At present 12 germplasm accessions are available. They were collected during 1984-86 on acid soils (pH 4.5-5.5) and in …

L’Amatante (Amaranthus Retroflexus L.) Comme Plante Fourragere, L Bosch, F Casanas, A.M.C Verdu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

L'amarante est une des mauvaises herbes !es plus communes dans nos champs. Elle parvient a etouffer la culture principale si on ne la contr6le pas correctement. Elle a une germination maximale en fin de printemps et en debut d'ete, bien que la ger­mination continue pendant tout l'ete, favorisee par Jes hautes temperatures et la lumiere intense (Baskin et Baskin, 1977). Sa croissance rapide s'explique par le fait qu'il s'agit d'une plante en C-4 specialement efficace pour la captation de CO2 puis­qu'elle a des cloisons cellulaires tres minces (Longstreht et al., 1980). Elle presente aussi une remarquable capacite de repousse apres …

Morpho-Physiological Aspects And Nutritive Value Of Brachiaria Brizantha Cv. Marandu And Heteropogon Sp Affected By The Plants' Age, V. De B.G Alcantara, A.R P. De Almeida, P B. Alcantara, G Braun, E L. Caielli

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grazing pressure must be related to the pasture potential capacity of recovery. The measurement of leaf area index (LAI) is a way of evaluating that effect. Whatever the management, the main objective will be to allow pasture to reach a high LAI status and its' maintenance (Peterson, 1970). In elephant grass the stem/leaf ratio was used to indicate the dry matter production and indirectly indicates the grazing pressure (Rodrigues, 1984). Present experiment was done to evaluate the evolution of leaf area index (LAI), leaf/stem ratio (L/S), percentages of crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF) and in vitro dry matter digesti­bility …

Genetic Engineering For Pastures, W J. Peacock

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The flrst genetically engineered food products frolll hotticultural production systems are now enlering the Market and field trials of genetically engineered crop species are well advanced. We can expect that a range of crop cultivars, in which genetic engineering is n component of the breeding process, will soon go into broad ncre agriculture. Pasture species are nut far behind. Gene transfer systems are in place for a number of temperate and tropical pasture legumes and even for a few species of more dlrficult grasses. Genetic transfer systems are In place for a numoec of temperate and tropical pastvce legumes and …

N-15 Study Of Nitrogen Uptake By Tall Fescue Throughout A Spring Growth, J Salette, Marie-Laure Decau, Francoise Vertes

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In previous works, nitrogen uptake by a grass sward during regrowth has been studied and modelled (Salette and Lemaire, 1981 ; Lemaire and Salette, 1984). In this study, the use of N- 15 labelled fertilizer allows differentiation of two nitrogen sources for the plant nutrition : soil and fertilizer.

Spring Nitrogen Uptake In Grass Swards In Relation To N Fertilizer Rates And Variation Between Years, J Salette, Marie-Laure Decau, G Lemaire

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Factors Affecting Isotopic Fractionation During Nitrogen Fixation By Pasture Legumes, S F. Ledgard

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The ¹⁵N natural abundance method for measuring N₂ fix­ation by legumes has compared favourably with other methods (reviewed by Shearer and Kohl, 1986). This method is based on the small difference in ¹⁵N abundance between nitrogen (N) derived from N2 fixation and N derived from soil. The pro­portion of legume N fixed from atmospheric N2 (PN) is cal­culated using :

PN = (o¹⁵Nref - o¹⁵N1egume)/(0¹⁵Nref - B)

where o¹⁵N is the per mil ¹⁵N excess over atmospheric N₂ ; ref is a reference plant which obtains all …

La Definition De La Date Optimale De La Premiere Pature De Quelques Especes Et Varietes De Graminees Fourrageres, B Rutkowska, E Lewicka, A Kolakowska

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

La rationalisation du piiturage depend aussi de la date de la piiture, particulierement au printemps, au moment de la pre­miere ou de la deuxieme piiture quand !es tiges floriferes des graminees commencent a se developper (Allerit, 1978 ; Gillet, 1980). On sait que la meilleure periode pour debuter le piiturage se situe lorsque les plantes ont 20-25 cm de hauteur, !es ani­maux mangent mieux et !es pertes par pietinement sont limi­tees. En dehors de cela !es resultats des experiences frarn;aise et suisse (Caputa, 1975; Gillet et al., 1980) montrent qu'a cette hauteur !es jeunes tiges floriferes ont une hauteur de …

Effect Of Nitrogen On Herbage Growth And Intake By Sheep In Continuously Grazed Swards Of Tall Fescue Genotypes, A Mazzanti, G Lemaire, F Gastal

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Relatively little is known about the growth of tall fescue under continuous grazing. Most of reported works about herb­ age production in such a grazing management have been done with perennial ryegrass and with relatively high levels of nitro­ gen fertilisation (Hodgson, 1981 ; Bircham, 1981; Parsons et al., 1983). The effect ot the level N nutrition on growth of a continuously grazing sward has not been yet studied. On intermitently defoliated swards of tall fescue, Gastal & Lemaire (1988) have shown that with non limiting level of N nutrition the increase in dry matter production could be 4 or …