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The Cruel Deception, Robert Sharpe

Experimentation Collection

With new legislation to replace the Cruelty to Animals Act 1876 near at hand, the powerful vested interest groups whose profits and livelihood depend on laboratory animals are stepping up their campaigns to ensure the survival of vivisection. Have the benefits really been so great, and can vivisection achieve major advances in our present state of health?

History shows (McKeown 1979) that the real reasons for the dramatic increase in life expectancy since the middle of the last century are improvements in nutrition, living and working conditions, hygiene and sanitation, with medical measures only having a relatively marginal effect. The …

A Pivotal Year For Lab Animal Welfare, Constance Holden

Popular Press Items

Tighter regulations, higher costs, and refined methodologies likely to lead to decreased animal use

Alternative To Current Uses Of Animals In Research, Safety Testing, And Education: A Layman's Guide, Martin L. Stephens

eBooks

No abstract provided.

Proceedings -- National Wilderness Research Conference: Current Research, United States Department Of Agriculture, Forest Service

Forestry

Includes more than 70 reports of current wilderness research. Papers are organized around nine topics: wilderness resource research, including natural fire, air quality, impacts to soil and vegetation, fish and wildlife, and water; and wilderness user research related to recreational use and user characteristics, attitudes and behavior, benefits, and management concepts and tools.

Ua35/11 Student Honors Research Bulletin, Wku Honors Program

WKU Administration Documents

The WKU Student Honors Research Bulletin is dedicated to scholarly involvement and student research. These papers are representative of work done by students from throughout the university.

• Padilla, Anne. First and Second Language Acquisition: A Comparison
• Scott, Angela. Salted and Unsalted Snacks: Taste Preferences of Second Grade Students in a Rural Area School
• Fuqua, Nancy. Acceptance by High School Students of Muffins Containing Supplemental Soy Polysaccharides
• Mans, Glee. Preference Levels of High School Freshmen for Four Cheese Food Products
• Denney, Pam. Consumer Acceptance of UHT Choclate Lowfat Milk
• Harris, Carla. Jacques-Louis David: Raphael of the Sansculottes
• Vaughn, James. Corporate Reorganization …

Grazing And Management Of Saltland Shrubs, C V. Malcolm, J. E. Pol

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

areas of bare saltland on farms need not be unproductive etesores. Many Western Australian farmers are now successfully growing salt-tolerant or halophytic shrubs such as bluebush (Maireana brevifolia), saltbushes (Atriplex spp.) and samphires (Halosarcia spp.) on these areas.

Department of agriculture trials and farmers' experience indicate that if saltland is planted with recommended shrubs, it can provide two months' valuable grazing for sheep during autumn and early winter, a time when paddock feed is scarce. Research by the Department has also identified a range of salt-tolerant shrubs suited to the various types of saltland.

Grazing trials to …

Fisheries Report No 73 - The Western Rock Lobster Fishery 1981 - 1982, R. S. Brown, E. H. Barker

Fisheries Research Reports

The fishery for the western rock lobster Panulirus cygnus is one of the most important single fisheries in Australia and an important export earner for the State. Western Australia produced 10,548 tonnes in 1981/82, out of a total Australian catch of rock lobster of 15,764 tonnes. The fishery is governed by a complex set of regulations which have been reviewed by Bowen (1971) and Hancock (1981) and which are designed to limit the total fishing effort to acceptable levels and to enforce a legal minimum size. It is thus important to constantly monitor the state of the fishery both to …

Foliar Wheat Diseases And Cereal Smuts., R. Loughman, A. E. Twigg

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Chemical control of leaf spots of wheat, 86BA41, 86MT49. Semi-natural inoculum for plant breeders plots, 86MD2. Chemical control of soil-borne flag smut, 86ME73, 86M032. Chemical control of barley loose smut, 86AL50, 86KA59, 86MT47. Chemical control of loose smut in barley with different levels of seed infections, 86MT48. Disease characterisation of cereal variety trial stage 4 sites.

It Pays To Know How Your Timber Will Be Valued, William F. Watson, Steven H. Bullard, Thomas J. Straka

Faculty Publications

You as a forest farmer can usually realize income from your timber investment in two ways. You can rent timberland for nontimber uses (usually hunting) , or you can lease or sell your interest in the timber. In most cases, greater returns result from selling timber outright.

Introduction To Forest Valuation And Investment Analysis, Steven H. Bullard, Thomas A. Monaghan, Thomas J. Straka

Faculty Publications

Most foresters and forest landowners are aware that money has a time value. A dollar today is worth more than a dollar tomorrow. If you borrow $1,000 from the bank today, you would have to pay back more than $1,000 in 90 days. The term forest economists use for this concept is the t :!me value of money: the closer to today you receive a sum of money, the greater its present value.

Native Hay Production Along A Depth-To-Water-Table Gradient In Eastern Sandhills Wet Meadows, Wheeler County, Nebraska, Jean M. Novacek

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

The Sandhills region of Nebraska, the largest dune field in the Western Hemisphere, occupies 15 north-central counties and extends over 51,800 km (20,000 mi) (Keech and Bentall, 1971; Ahlbrandt and Fryberger, 1980). Far from a desert, the Sandhills region is entirely vegetated by mixed-grass prairie with numerous wet areas and lakes in interdunal valleys. This rich, grass-covered dune sea stretches 427 km (265 mi) across from east to west and 209 km (130 miles) from north to south. The altitudes range from 670 m (2200 ft) above sea level in the eastern part to 1310 m (4300 ft) in the …

Iowa Academy Of Science Directory, 1986-87: Officers, Committees, And Membership Roster, Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Contents:

Board of Directors ... 4
Program Directors ... 5
Section Chairs ... 6
Section Vice Chairs ... 9
Committees ... 12
Award Recipients ... 29
Past Presidents ... 31
Membership Roster ... 32
Constitution and Bylaws ... 43
Editors ... 54
Meeting Dates ... 55

Pasture Manipulation And Root Diseases Of Cereals., W. Macleod

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Rotation for wheat comparing pure clover ley with a pasture ley, 79El5. Pasture renovation techniques and crop production in a 1:2 rotation, 81E35. Pasture manipulation - effects on take-all, 85E32. Spraytopping herbicides and take-all, 85MT58. Timing of spraytopping and herbicides, 86MT64, 86E55.

Fungicide Testing, M. J. Barbetti

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Fungicidal control of Phoma blackstem disease in medic, 86 KA 11. Medic cultivar susceptibility to Phoma blackstem disease, 85 KA 56. Role of Phoma seed infection in medic, 85 KA 57. Effect of soil pasteurization on damage caused by six fungal root pathogens, 86 PE 53. Susceptibility of 18 sub-clover cultivars to isolates of the clover scorch fungus, Kabatiella caulivora, 86 PE 54. Effect of plant age or growth stage of subterranean clover on susceptibility to infection by the clover scorch fungus, Kabatiella caulivora, 86 PE 55. Susceptibility of rapeseed lines to blackleg crown canker, 86 MT 1, 86 MT …

Radish Control In Lupins, Weed Control In Lupins, Peas - Broadleaf Weed Control, Peas - Post Emergence Grass Control, Grapevines - Herbicide And Fruit Quality., D. J. Gilbey, R. Klemm

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Radish control in lupins simazine "top up", 86N085. Radish control in lupins diflufenican, 86 GE 42, 86 MO 33, 86 ME 83. Radish control in lupins probe, 86 TS 33, 86 GE 41. Radish control in lupins simazine and atrazine, 86 GE 43, 86 MO 34, 86 NO 87, 86 LG 41. Capeweed control in lupins simazine and atrazine, 86 LG 41. Radish control in lupins, 86 TS 38. Radish control in lupins post emergence herbicides, 86 WH 68. Radish control in lupins post emergence herbicides, 86 MO 42. Radish control in lupins post emergence duiron and 2,4-db, 86 GE …

Lupin Root Rot, Lupin Hypocotyl Rot, Rhizoctonia Coleoptile Rot Of Wheat, Rhizoctonia Root Rots In Long Term Wheat-Pasture Rotation Trials., M. Sweetingham

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Lupin Root Rot: 86Cl4, 86WH15, 86ME85, 86LG63, 85C63, 86WH14. Lupin Hypocotyl rot, 86BA49, 86BA21. Rhizoctonia coleoptile rot of wheat, 86BA19, 86BA20 Rhizoctonia root rots in long term wheat-pasture rotation trials.

Wheat Growth On Saline Waterlogged Soils, E G. Barrett-Lennard

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Studies of the growth of plants on salt-affected soils have focused maily on the effects of salt. However, many salt-affected soils are also subject to waterlogging. Glasshouse experiments conducted by the Department of Agriculture have shown that although wheat growth is not greatly reduced by low levels of salt under well drained conditions, under waterlogged conditions such levels of salt can have a severe effect.

Row Spacing And Cereal Crop Yield, R N. Burch, M. W. Perry

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Cereal growers in western Australia have, traditionally, burned cereal stubbles. Burning stubble residues reduces weed seed populations and fungal pathogens, but its main purpose has been to eliminate straw which might cause blockages od seeding machinery and por see-bed preparation in the time critical seeding operation.

In 982, the Department of Agriculture began a project to determine whether wider spaced rows also depressed cereal yields in Western Australia. This article summarises some of the important results from that work.

Agricultural Progress On The Ord, D A. Mcghie

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

This is the first of occasional articles describing the experimental and commercial activity on the Ord River Irrigation Area (ORIA) in Western Australia's Kimberley region.

Against a background of extensive recources of land and water, a sometimes cimatic advantage and a complementary disadvantage of a remote location, agriculture on the Ord has swung from various monocultures to a broadly based and diversified production. In 1986, the value of agricultural production on the Ord will approach values equivalent to those of the cotton era for the first time since the demise of that industry 12 years ago.

Forage Utilization Estimated By Height-Weight And Grazed-Plant Methods, Joann Clark

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Determining utilization has been one of the most difficult tasks required of range scientists down through the years (Pieper 1973). Utilization is defined as the portion of the current year's growth of the plant that the animal consumes or destroys. For this reason it is difficult to measure utilization because you are trying to measure something that no longer exists.

Numerous methods have been developed for determining utilization. Some methods are rapid while others are more detailed and time consuming, but may give greater accuracy.

This study was done to see how well utilization estimates made by the grazed-plant method …

Accuracy And Utility Of Sarcomere Length Assessment By Laser Diffraction, Peter A. Koolmees, Frank Korteknie, Frans J.M. Smulders

Food Structure

In two experiments the computation of sarcomere length from laser diffraction patterns was tested for accuracy against phase-contrast microscopy . Particular attention was paid to methodological factors such as sampling location and computation formulae. Correlation coefficients between the laser diffraction technique and the microscopical method were high (r= 0.96) in both experiments. However, when computed from a simplified formula, the sarcomere length values, determined by laser diffraction patterns tended to be approximately 0. 10 lJm lower. It is recommended to use the correct formula in computing the laser diffraction data and to investigate a limited number of fibres (3) in …

Factors Affecting Anion Movement And Retention In Four Forest Soils, D. W. Johnson, D. W. Cole, H. Van Miegroet, F. W. Horng

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Three hypotheses concerning the movement and retention of anions in forest soils were tested in a series of laboratory and field studies on two Tennessee Ultisols with mixed deciduous forest cover and two Washington Inceptisols, one with deciduous (red alder Alnus rubra Bong.) and one with coniferous [Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] forest cover. The first hypothesis, that sulfate and phosphate retention was related to adsorption to free Fe and Al oxides, which were in turn related to soil parent material and degree of weathering, was not supported by results of laboratory and field studies. The young, relatively unweathered Washington …

Fixing Conditions In The Freeze Substitution Technique For Light Microscopy Observation Of Frozen Beef Tissue, M. N. Martino, N. E. Zaritzky

Food Structure

The freeze substitution histological technique allows the indirect light microscopicobservation and the quantitative evaluation of ice crystal size in frozen tissues. Theuseofchemical fixatives in substitu ting fluids improves morphological and histochemical preservation of the tissue. Fixation conditions become important since this step can introduce modifications in crystal sizes . Effects of temperature on: a) diffusion rate of fixing solution in tissue, b) recrystallization rate of ice in frozen beef and c) variations of the froze~ water fraction were ana lyzed, establishing that 1sothermal freeze fixation constitutes an appropriate method for histological observation. Fixing at temperatures lower than that of the …

The Influence Of Lobster Trap Escape Gaps On Capture And Behavior Of The Spiny Lobster, Panulirus Argus (Latreille), Denis William Frazel

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

Interest in the potential usefulness of lobster trap escape gaps in the Florida spiny lobster fishery prompted an independent examination of their influence on capture and behavior of the spiny lobster, Panulirus argus. A trapping study was conducted off Southeastern Florida during 1984/1985 using control traps, and traps with escape gap openings of 51, 54, and 57 mm. The 51 mm escape gap caught significantly more legal lobsters than any other trap, while the 54 and 57 mm escape gap caught significantly fewer sublegal lobsters. Carapace lengths of lobsters increased as escape gap width increased.

The impact of escape …

Serradella Prospects At Esperance, Michael D A Bolland

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Yellow serradells is a promising introduced annual legume suitable for some of Western Australia's well drained sandy acid soils where other pasture legumes failto persist.

In the Esperance area serradella grows siccessfully on some sandy soils more than 0.5 metres deep. I develops deep roots rapidly - up to three times deeper than subterranean clover - and this is probably the main reason for its persistance.

At present only two late maturing, registered serradella cultivars are available to farmers in southern Australia. This article describes research at Esperance to delect earlier flowering cultivars for persistence in areas with less than …

Root Diseases Of Cereals., G. C. Macnish

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Take-all Effects of nitrogen source on take-all 82N34, 77E4. Take-all and rates of PP450 and Bayleton 86MT40. Take-all and control by lupins 86MT6. Take-all and field inoculation rates, 86MT58. Take-all and fumigation, 86MT57. Rhizoctonia root rot Rhizoctonia patch and soil compaction, 86E39. Rhizoctonia patch and short chemical fallow, 86E40. Rhizoctonia root rot and Glean, 86E42. Rhizoctonia strains-and paddock history, 86E31. Rhizoctonia root rot - host effects on strains, 86BA38, 85E28, 86E30.

Root And Foliar Diseases Of Wheat On Sandplain In The Geraldton Region., J. Wilson

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Leaf disease trial, 86C69. Drench trial, 86C70. Fumigation trial, 86C71. Three springs trial, 86TS31. Soil transfer trial, 86C98. Wheat leaf disease control trial, 86C99. Water use rotation trial, 86C63. Cultivation, naraling (jarvis), 82GE38. Wheat diseases, survey.

Sources And Times Of N On Wheat, J W. Bowden

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

86M9, Sources and times of N on wheat.

86M3, Rates and times of N and watering treatments on wheat.

86BA42, Times and levels of N on wheat. Residual value of nitrogen sources. Badgingarra and WHRS.

Biological Control Of Parkinsonia, W M. Woods

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

One of the most troublesome weeds in northern Australia'a lastoral country is Parkinsonia aculeata, commonly called Parkinsonia, Jerusalem Thorn, Palo Verde or Retama. In 983 Western Australia, ueensland and the Northern Territory started a joint biological control programme against this perst by sending the author overseas to search for its natural predators in southern USA, Mexico and Central America. A few insects show promise and one, a bruchid beetle Mimosetes ulkei, is being tested under Quarantine in Queensland.

Some Conceptual Issues In The Evolution Of Eusociality, Bill Stubblefield, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

We review natural selection for worker genes in haplodiploid organisms. We also look at how workers may act against other workers to get them to aid mom as the 'reproductive'.