Digital Commons Network^™

Selection For Seed Production And Dry Season Forage Yield In Panicum Maimum Germplasm, L Jank, Y H. Savidan

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Panicum maximum cv. 'Coloniiio' is the most popular tropical forage grass in terms of cattle finishing in Brazil. It is, however, slowly being substituted by other species, because of its high demands for nutrients and poor dry season growth. The National Beef Cattle Research Center of EMBRAPA at Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, has underway a P. maximum breeding program, with the objectives of selecting cultivars which while maintaining the good qualities of the 'Coloniiio', are more drought-resistant and adapted either to the traditional fertile soils of 'Coloniiio', or to weak cerrado (savanna) soils. Preliminary results on seed production …

Preliminary Evaluation Of Panicum Maximum Germplasm In Brazil: An International Agronomy Research Program, Y H. Savidan, L Jank, F.H.D De Souza, A Boock

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Following former recommendations to leave traditional schemes of simultaneous evaluation of several species, and extensive program has been initiated as a result of an international agreement between French and Brazilian research organizations, to evaluate one single tropical forage grass species with wide genetic diversity. A field experiment was designed for preliminary evaluation of 400 accessions of Panicum maximum at two levels of soil fertility. Emphasis is placed on a fixed-interval cutting regime, seed production, and detailed morphological characterization of promising accessions. A list of the morphological descriptors is presented. Selected accessions will enter further phases of evaluation under grazing and …

Collection Of Germplasm Of Desmodium And Related Genera In Indonesia, K L. Mehra

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

17 species of Desmodium and 5 species of the related genera were collected from the islands of Sulawesi, Java, Timor and Sumba. The collection sites differed in rainfall, altitude, soil pH, vegetation and other eco-geographic characteristics. Several samples with good agronomic potential were collected from acid infertile soils. The collections differed in growth habit, biomass production, leafiness, seed setting and adaptation to problem soils. Promising collections for use in crop improvement programme were identified.

Collecting Germplasm Of Desmodium And Puerarua Phaseoloides In Thailand And Peninsular Malaysia, S Pattanavibul, R Schultze-Kraft

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A collaborative program to collect native legume germplasm in Thailand and peninsular Malaysia is described. Three collection expeditions were carried out in 1979, 1982, and 1984 with particular emphasis on broadening the genetic bases of Desmodium species and Pueraria phaseoloides. In total, 593 samples were collected: 60% were species of Desmodium and its allied genera Dendrolobium, Dicerma, Hegnera, Phyllodium, and Tadehagi, 12% were P. phaseoloides material and the remaining 28% were germplasm of other genera such as Abrus, Alysicarpus, Atylosia,Dunbaria, Flemingia, and Uraria. The importance of increased genetic variability within the species D. ovalifolium and P. phaseo/oides …

Development Of An International Collection Of Tropical Forage Germplasm For Acid Soils, R Schultze-Kraft

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

SUMMARY A Program conducted by the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical ( CIA T) to develop a collection of forage plant germplasm resources for tropical pasture research in acid, infertile soil areas is described. After an initial 5-year stage of preliminary work in germplasm collection and introduction, 28 major expeditions to collect native germplasm of tropical forage species were carried out in 10 countries on 3 continents, principally in regions with acid soils of low fertility during 1977 to 1984. Emphasis has been on legumes,mainly Centrosema, Desmodium, Stylosanthes, and Zornia, in tropical America, andDesmodium, its allied genera, andPueraria in Southeast …

A Global Plan For Forage Genetic Resources, W. Ellis Davies

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Initially the Board's work gave priority to major crops but latterly more attention has been given to forage plants. Forages now have a high priority in the following IBPGR regions: Mediterranean, Southwest Asia, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia, Central America, the Andean region, southern South America and Europe. One major difficulty with forage plants is the large number of genera/ species - numbering into thousands which have some forage value. For practical operational reasons the world forage genetic resources have been con­sidered under headings (a) Tropical and sub-tropical areas (b) Mediterranean and adjacent semi-arid/areas and (c) Temperate areas. Because …

Modification Des Facteurs Biotiques Par La Presence D'Arbres En Region Mediterraneenne Francaise: Effets Sur La Production Herbagere, B Msika, M Etienne

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

La region mediterraneenne franc;:aise se caracterise par !'im­portance de son territoire forestier qui, bien que souvent degrade, comporte une grande variete d'especes arborees. II s'agit principalement de peuplements forestiers spontanes geres en taillis ou de reboisements en resineux. Abandonnes depuis les annees 40, ces espaces sont devenus totalement improductifs et posent des problemes de protection contre Jes incendies ou de gestion sylvicole adaptee. Dans le contexte actuel, et dans ce type de milieu, la diversification des productions semble etre une voie interessante a creuser. Les amenagements sylvopastoraux pourraient done constituer une alternative interessante ; encore faut-il que Jes conditions opti­males …

Phytochemical Analysis And Antimicrobial Activity Of Micromeria Barbata Leaf And Stem Extracts Against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: Insights From Molecular Docking And In Vitro Assays, Shiraz Rawas, Dalia El-Badan, Nawal Al Hakawati

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

The present study provides the characterization of the phytochemical content and the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts from the leaves (LM) and stems (SM) of Micromeria barbata (M.barbata) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Important functional groups were determined by analyzing the FTIR spectra of LM and SM. The phytochemical profiles were analyzed by GC-MS, and these characterized the chemicals according to retention periods and peak regions. The binding affinities of discovered compounds with the P. aeruginosa LasR and PqsD proteins were evaluated using molecular docking approach. Assays for biofilm formation, MIC, MBC, and agar well diffusion were used to assess the …

Life Beneath The Tides: Seagrass Meadows In Surigao Del Sur, Philippines, Giselle B. Ramos, Roxan E. Caray

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Marine Science

Seagrasses are a valuable component of global blue carbon ecosystems yet are also endangered due to natural and man-made pressures. This study assessed the seagrass resources regarding species community structure and diversity using a transect-quadrat design along the intertidal coastlines of selected towns of Surigao del Sur. Of the 19 recorded species in the Philippines, seven common species were observed: Cymodocea rotundata, Enhalus acoroides, Halodule pinifolia, Halodule uninervis, Thalassia hemprichii, Syringodium isoetifolium, and Halophila ovalis. Across study sites, the most evident species are T. hemprichii, C. rotundata, and S. isoetifolium; the existence …

Steric Sea Level Variability Over The Red Sea, Turki Alraddadi

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Marine Science

The current paper analyzes the steric sea level (SSL) variability over the Red Sea (RS) and linked it with climate modes namely, North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and East Atlantic West Russian (EAWR) patterns using a reanalysis dataset. Long-term (1993--2015) profile temperature and salinity data acquired from Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) was used to compute the SSL. The results show that the SSL is out of phase comparing to the total sea level, which may reduce fluctuations of water level within the sea. Furthermore, it accounts for only 10% of the total sea level variations. The first and second Empirical …

Machine Learning Applications For Berth Allocation Optimization In Major Red Sea Ports: A Multi-Port Analysis, Mohammed H. Alshareef

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Marine Science

Efficient berth allocation remains a critical challenge in Red Sea port operations, particularly given the diverse operational capabilities across the region's ports. The research utilized historical operational data from 147,892 berth allocation instances across these ports spanning 2019--2023. A deep learning model was developed using four dense layers with ReLU activation functions, incorporating vessel characteristics, weather patterns, and operational constraints. The model's performance was validated through comparison with traditional allocation methods using real-time port operation data. Port selection criteria included geographical distribution along the Red Sea, varying levels of technological adoption, and willingness to share operational data for research purposes. …

Innovations In Shipbuilding: A Comprehensive Review Of Material Selection, Corrosion Management, And Environmental Considerations, Oumaima Bouanani, Sara Sandabad, Moulay El Houssine Ech-Chhibat

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Marine Science

The shipbuilding industry, a cornerstone of global maritime operations, oversees vessel lifecycles from design through commissioning. This article delves into the industry's complex role in facilitating global trade, driving technological advancements, and prioritizing sustainability and safety. The harsh marine environment-marked by salinity, temperature extremes, and mechanical stresses-necessitates resilient and durable vessel structures. Consequently, the careful selection of materials is crucial for ensuring vessel longevity and performance under stringent safety and environmental standards. Recent breakthroughs in shipbuilding materials, including high-strength steel, composites, and lightweight alloys, have transformed the industry. Innovative solutions, such as shape memory alloys and eco-friendly composites, are designed …

Identifying And Analysing Coastal Landforms In Ar Rāyis, Saudi Arabia: Insights From Sentinel Data And Field Studies, Omar A. Alharbi

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Marine Science

This study examines the coastal geomorphology of the Ar Rāyis coastal zone on the eastern Red Sea coastal plain, along with the processes underpinning this geomorphology. Coastal areas feature various landforms, including beaches, intertidal flats, khawrs (lagoons), sand spits, sand dunes, sabkhas (salt marshes), coral reefs, wadis, raised coral reef terraces, and alluvial terraces. These landform features suggest rapid alterations in coastal conditions. Furthermore, the analysis of Sentinel-2B data via digital processing reveals a range of natural land covers, with field investigations confirming the results. The supervised classification methods assisted in distinguishing between regions of deep and shallow water, while …

The Effort To Improve Students’ Problem-Solving Ability: Physics E-Modules For High School Students, Hidayatullah Hana Putra, Edi Supriana, Nasikhuddin Nasikhuddin, Annisa U. Yana, Suhailee Sohnui

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

Physics teachers in Indonesia still face obstacles during learning, such as students who are less active and have difficulty in solving physics problems. The physics learning media used are also still not very interesting and are not based on authentic problem solving. Therefore, this study focuses on the development of PBL-based e-modules on work and energy to improve the physics problem-solving abilities of high school students. This research and development used the ADDIE design and was tested on 90 high school students in High School 1 Sumber Pucung Malang in the 2022/2023 academic year. The questionnaire instrument was used in …

Ethnoscience-Based Science Learning Through Composite Board Making Utilizing Eggshell Waste And Water Hyacinth Fiber (Eichornia Crassipes), Asep Khaidir Arpan, Yulia Sukmawardani, Pina Pitriana, Ade Yeti Nuryantini

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

The demand for boards continues to increase every year, while overexploitation of wood leads to environmental degradation and forest loss. On the other hand, eggshell and water hyacinth waste continues to grow without optimal utilization. This research aims to make composite boards based on eggshell waste and water hyacinth fibers and analyze the potential of ethnoscience in science learning. This research used a qualitative descriptive method with a literature and documentation study approach. The materials used in this experiment are eggshell waste, water hyacinth fiber, and polyester resin. The composite board was made by mixing water hyacinth fiber and eggshell …

Contextual Approach To Improve Problem Solving Skills In Ipas Subject At Elementary School: A Study Development Of Teaching Materials, Nur Hidayah, Sumarno Sumarno, Joko Siswanto

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

The objective of this study is to assess the validity, practicality, and efficacy of instructional materials. We refer to this research as research and development, with a focus on the creation of teaching materials. The research design proposed by Borg and Gall consists of six steps: identification of potential and difficulties, data collecting, product design, design validation, design revision, and product trial. The utilized instruments comprise expert and practitioner validity sheets, teacher and student response surveys, and validation sheets for teaching materials and modules, as well as pretest and posttest questions. Experts performed the validity assessment, attaining a score of …

Teaching Materials Containing Kse To Support Character Education In Mathematics Subjects In Elementary Schools, Kunaenah Kunaenah, Rasiman Rasiman, Bagus Ardi Saputro

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

The purpose of the study was to determine the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of teaching materials containing KSE to support character education in mathematics lesson content. This study employs a development research approach based on Borg and Gall's research design. The subjects of the study were in class V at public elementary school Kaliboyo. The data collection instruments used were validity sheets, response questionnaires, validation sheets, and observation sheets. The findings show that experts carried out the validity test, achieving a value of 93.30% in the very valid category. The practicality test results were derived from various sources: students' questionnaires, …

Development Of Differentiated Teaching Modules With A Scientific Approach To Improve Elementary School Students’ Science Literacy, Supriyanto Supriyanto, Joko Sulianto, Achmad Buchori

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

The study aim is to determine the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of teaching materials. This type of research involves the development and creation of teaching module products. The research design used is ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The instruments used are validity sheets for experts and practitioners, teacher response questionnaires, teaching module validation sheets, and pretest and posttest questions. The findings show that experts conducted the validity test, achieving a score of 92.22 in the very valid category. The practicality test was obtained from the teacher questionnaire, which was stated as practical with an average value of 91.25, and …

Differentiated Teaching Module Using Problem Solving Model: Numerical Ability Of Elementary School Students, Risa Alifatin, Agus Sutono, Ida Dwijayanti

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

This study aims to develop a differentiated teaching module using the problem-solving model that is valid, practical, and effective to improve students' numerical abilities. This study uses the ADDIE Model research and development approach. The sample in this study was class III of elementary school Tenggulangharjo as an experimental class totaling 22 students and class III of elementary school Karangtengah as a control class totaling 19 students. Data analysis used the t-test and N-Gain test. The study found that (1) the average validity score of the three parts of the Differentiated Teaching Module was 3.74, which is 93.62%, placing it …

Analysis Of Students' Creative Thinking Skills In Learning Hydrocarbons By Using Daily Life-Based Practicum Method, Yenni Kurniawati, Laras Dyaz Handayani, Dea Ramadani, Nurhikmah Sari

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

Creative thinking skill is a competence of the 21st century that is needed very much and needs to be increased by utilizing chemistry in life. This research aimed at analyzing student creative thinking skills in experimental and control groups and finding out the effect of the daily life-based practical work learning method on student creative thinking skills. This research was conducted in the eleventh grade at High School 1 Pekanbaru on the hydrocarbon lesson. The quasi-experimental method was used in this research with pretest-posttest and non-equivalent control group designs. The instruments used in this research were essay tests, observation, and …

Exploring Students’ Perceptions Of Science Laboratory Practices: A Comparative Study Between Rural And Urban Schools, Safrida Dwiningsih, Ina Lestari, Roma Ismi, Sri Wahyu Rahmadina, Masdalena Sinaga, M. Rahmad

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

This study aims to analyze students' perceptions of the implementation of science laboratory practicums at public middle school 020 Pekanbaru and public middle school 7 Pangkalan Kuras, Riau Province. Using a quantitative survey method, this study involved 75 student respondents. The instrument used was a questionnaire consisting of 26 statements, analyzed descriptively. The results show that students' perceptions of the preparation, implementation, and conclusion stages of the practicum fall into the "good" category, with urban schools having a higher percentage. In conclusion, the implementation of practicums in urban schools is better than in rural schools, bringing attention to the need …

Digital Comic Learning Media (E-Comic) To Increase Student Learning Interest In Reaction Rate Material At High School, Berliana Afsohin Nabila, Achmad Lutfi

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

This study aims to develop digital comic learning media that is effective in increasing students' interest in learning about reaction rate material, focusing on the media's validity, practicality, and overall effectiveness. This research utilizes the research and development method with the ADDIE model. Research instruments were used, including validity sheets to assess the media's validity, student activity observations, and student response questionnaires to evaluate the media's practicality, as well as student interest questionnaires and learning outcomes to measure the effectiveness of the learning media. The findings show that validity results showed a mode score of 4, indicating a very valid …

Analysis Of Misconceptions In Learning Biology Mutation Material At High School, Fitri Hayati Kurnia, Tri Wahyu Agustina, Wahyuni Handayani

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

This research aims to analyze student misconceptions regarding mutation material in class XII. The research method uses a descriptive approach with mixed methods, which combines qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative data was obtained through interviews with biology teachers, while quantitative data was obtained through questionnaires and essay tests on students. The research results indicate that the material that students like is growth and development, while the material they don't like is gene mutation and genetic material. Students' misconceptions occur due to preconception aspects, associative thinking, and a lack of understanding of genetic concepts. It was found that students' understanding of …

Integration Of Mechanism-Driven Computational Modeling And Public Data Resources For Chemical Toxicity Assessment, Elena Chung

Theses and Dissertations

Regulatory toxicology depends primarily on animal testing, which limits throughput, mechanistic interpretability, and applicability to human-relevant endpoints. This dissertation presents computational approaches that integrate publicly available bioactivity data with machine learning to support chemical safety evaluation. Oral carcinogenicity was modeled using curated chemicals from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) and activity data from over 1,900 PubChem assays. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models trained on statistically prioritized assays demonstrated strong predictive performance and were applied to rank the carcinogenic potential of more than 16,000 compounds. Hepatotoxicity was evaluated using a hybrid modeling approach that combined structural …

Production And Characterization Of Biodiesel From Malapari Seed Oil (Pongamia Pinnata L.): Evaluation Of Quality Parameters Based On The Indonesian National Standard (Sni) 04-7182-2015, Desi Adriyanti Nina Taebenu, Ni Luh Arpiwi, Ida Ayu Astarini

Makara Journal of Science

This study produced biodiesel from Malapari seed oil (Pongamia pinnata L.) by optimizing the esterification and transesterification processes. The objectives of this study were to determine the sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) catalyst concentration in the esterification reaction that can reduc the free fatty acid (FFA) content of the seed oil to ≤2%, analyze the oil to methanol molar ratio (i.e.,1:6, 1:9, and 1:12) and KOH concentration (i.e.,2%, 4%, and 6%) that will produce the highest biodiesel yield, and evaluate the quality of the produced biodiesel according to the Indonesian National Standar (SNI) 04-7182-2015. The research was …

A Demand Systems Analysis Of Energy Sources In The United States, Rafael Bakhtavoryan

Faculty Publications

This study estimates a Generalized Exact Affine Stone Index model to quantify demand structure among such energy sources as natural gas, coal, nuclear, wind, solar, and geothermal energy, employing monthly time-series data ranging from January of 2009 through December of 2020. The demand for natural gas, coal, and nuclear energy emerges as inelastic. A significant substitutability relationship is empirically established between the energy sources. All the computed expenditure elasticities are positive, with natural gas being the most sensitive and nuclear energy being the least sensitive to energy source expenditures. Pre-committed consumption is found for geothermal energy. Finally, the welfare implications …

Vitamin D3 Toxicity-Induced Hypercalcemia In Staphylococcal Arthritis: A Focus On Il-6, Ali Jabbar Abd Al-Hussain Alkawaz, Maryam Sabah Naser, Ali Jalil Obaid, Zakaria M. Al-Ghazaly

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Background: Vitamin D3  over-supplementation can induce toxicity through the development of hypercalcemia and may disturb immune modulation. This study examines the relationship between hypercalcemia  resulting from Vitamin D3 Overdose and serum Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in patients diagnosed with staphylococcal arthritis.

Methods: Forty male patients (mean age: 31 years; range: 17–45 years) were enrolled from Dec. 2024 to Feb. 2025. Twenty cases of staphylococcal arthritis were compared with twenty healthy male controls. Serum concentrations of Vitamin D3, calcium, IL-6, and other biochemical markers (urea, creatinine, ESR, WBC, and potassium) were analyzed. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from synovial fluid and confirmed using …

Digital Infrastructure For The Regenerative Movement: A Case Study Of The Mycelium Learning Network, Abigail Karparis

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

The regenerative movement is gaining momentum worldwide, driven by communities working to restore ecological and social systems through place-based, culturally rooted action. Yet many of the groups leading this work, especially in the Global South or in hyper-local contexts, remain digitally invisible due to structural barriers, including limited access to appropriate technology, funding constraints, and misalignment between available tools and local values. Conventional digital infrastructures often exclude or marginalize these efforts, leaving regenerative practitioners disconnected from each other and from potential sources of support.

This article explores these challenges and presents a case study response: the co-creation of accessible, relational …

A Battle Of Armies: Massive Attack Of Natural Enemies To The True Armyworm Mythimna Unipuncta (Haworth, 1809) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) In Forage Crops, Armando Falcon-Brindis, Raul T. Villanueva

Insecta Mundi

Understanding the interactions between plant-host-parasitoid plays a major role in insect pest management. Farmers in the southeastern United States rely on pasture systems for cattle milk and beef production, but the benefits of parasitoids and predators on major lepidopteran pests on pasture lands are still overlooked. Here, we aimed to identify and quantify the effect of parasitism on the true armyworm Mythimna unipuncta (Haworth, 1809) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) attacking teff grass Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter (Poaceae) and crabgrass Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. (Poaceae) in western Kentucky. In early August of 2023, 547 larvae of M. unipuncta were collected from experimental …

The Dynamics Of Daily Area And Depth Of Grazing And Herbage Intake Of Cows In A Five Day Paddock System, M H. Wade, J L. Peyraud, G Lemaire, E A. Comeron

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Optimisation of animal production per unit area results in a penalty to individual animal production and herbage intake. The objective of the present study was to examine the dynamic changes in a grass sward in relation to declining production and herbage intake in five day paddocks grazed by dairy cows. The study formed part of a larger project to examine the effects of stocking rate and grazing method upon milk production and herbage intake that is reported by Peyraud et al. (1989).