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South Asians And Renal Disease: Traditional Food Lists For Management Of Chronic Kidney Disease, Ashwini Wagle

Open Educational Resources

The renal food list is a culturally tailored nutrition education tool designed to address the specific dietary needs of the South Asian population. It is an original intellectual work created by Ashwini Wagle, Ed.D., MS, RD, FAND, Chair and Professor, Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Packaging at San José State University (SJSU).

An earlier version of this tool was published in 2011 with the assistance of graduate student Kalpana Balasubramanian. The development of this renal food list was strengthened by the encouragement and support of the registered dietitian community, whose contributions included verifying the accuracy of the nutritional information …

Optimizing Poultry Production And Enhancing Egg Nutrient Composition Through Kelp Supplementation In Laying Hens, Meghan Clifford

Open Access Dissertations

The development of sustainable feed supplements is a crucial component in addressing the current global need for resilient and environmentally responsible food systems. This dissertation has explored the potential of brown algae (Saccharina latissima) as a sustainable feed supplement for poultry with the potential to benefit production efficiency, product quality, and the global food supply. With both controlled feeding trials and a producer-based survey, the work in this dissertation investigates the nutritional, biological and practical implications of adopting kelp into poultry diets.

Chapter one provides a comprehensive overview of the current literature surrounding the use of marine sources …

Investigating The Effects Of Nucleopore Defects On The Cellular Response To Stress In Als/Ftd Ipsc-Derived Neurons, Alicia Christine Collins

Open Access Dissertations

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease spectrum characterized by motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and death within a few years of clinical onset. Hallmark features of ALS/FTD include defects in nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) and abnormal cytoplasmic mislocalization and aggregation of the RNA-binding protein TDP-43, both of which have been shown to be exasperated by oxidative stress (OS). It remains unclear how these processes are connected and how they collectively contribute to neurodegeneration. To fill this gap of knowledge, we used human embryonic kidney cells, neuroblastoma cells, and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical neurons harboring the ALS/FTD C9ORF72 …

Cross-Cue Reactivity Of Nicotine And Cannabis Vaping Products, Madeline Smith

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

SIGNIFICANCE. The rewarding properties of nicotine increase when administration is paired with external stimuli, or “cues”, including those related to vaping products. Given the visual similarity between nicotine vaping products (NVPs) and THC vaping products (TVPs), exposure to one product may elicit reactivity (e.g., craving, urge to use) to the other. The present study aimed to develop a set of cues capable of differentiating NVPs from TVPs to inform investigations of cross-cue reactivity. METHODS. Images (n=61 NVPs; n=64 TVPs; 7=unspecified) were obtained via an online search using both generic (“vape”, “vape pen”) and product-specific (e.g., “nicotine vape”, “dab pen”) keywords …

Mechanisms Of Glyphosate Toxicity: Uptake, Mitochondrial Function, And Metabolism, Dionysios Patriarcheas

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Glyphosate, the most widely used herbicide in the world, is an inhibitor of chorismate biosynthesis, the precursor of aromatic amino acids. The target of glyphosate is absent in animals, but findings reporting toxicity in model organisms without a known mechanism or target are increasing. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a useful and versatile model for understanding molecular mechanisms of toxicity. In yeast, previous work has shown that the aspartate/glutamate permease Dip5 is the proposed transporter for glyphosate and that mitochondrial metabolism has been implicated in response to glyphosate toxicity. This dissertation aimed to identify the effects of glyphosate on mitochondrial function through …

Multi-Omic Characterization Of Immune And Metabolic Responses To Inflammatory Challenges In Sheep, Samanthia Raceine Johnson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

To meet the demands of the growing population, it is imperative to develop sustainable and applicable ways to improve animal health and productivity. The first step in doing so is understanding the mechanisms that govern health and immune response and find ways to appropriately modulate them to improve animal health and productivity. The objective of this study is to use multi-omic techniques to understand breed-specific immune responses in sheep that may contribute to their resistance and susceptibility to parasites and to a greater extent, immunocompetence. Known parasite-resistant breed, St. Croix (STC) were compared to parasite susceptible Suffolk (SUF) sheep for …

Managing The Legacy Of Historical Land Use In Central Appalachia: Soil Health, Carbon Storage, And Restoration Across Disturbed Ecosystems, Kyra R. Dukich

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Historical mining, intensive timber harvesting, agriculture, and atmospheric acid deposition have left lasting impacts on soil health throughout the Central Appalachian region, reducing soil productivity, carbon storage, and ecosystem resilience. This thesis evaluated restoration strategies across two long-term research systems in West Virginia to determine how land-use history and soil amendments influence soil health, carbon dynamics, and ecosystem recovery. The first study examined reclaimed mine lands and marginal agricultural soils planted with switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) or willow (Salix spp.) and treated with biochar or inorganic fertilizer. Soil greenhouse gas production, aggregate stability, total soil C:N, pH, and soil organic matter …

Exploring The Application Of Wastewater Monitoring To Determine The Prevalence And Diversity Of Influenza On The Campus Of West Virginia University, Lakyn Renee Sanders

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Influenza viruses (IV) affect populations globally, with the World Health Organization (WHO) estimating that IV are responsible for an estimated 3-5 million infections and 290,000 – 650,000 deaths annually^1–3. More specifically, the 2019-2020 IV season is associated with an estimated 38 million illnesses and 22,000 deaths in the United States alone⁴. IV are rapidly spread between individuals through direct contact with infected individuals, contaminated surfaces, or aerosolized virus particles². Traditional IV infection monitoring relies on clinical screening of patients presenting influenza-like symptoms, commonly through the use of multi-target panel tests such as the BioFire …

Gcn5l1-Mediated Lysine Acetylation Regulates Mitochondrial Dysfunction In The Aged Heart, Jackson Edmond Stewart

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

For over a century, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been and remains the leading cause of death globally. CVD risk and severity increase significantly with advanced age, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of aging. Furthermore, mitochondrial health is crucial for cardiac function, as one-third of total cardiomyocyte volume is occupied by mitochondria in order to meet the high energy demand of contractile and relaxational function. It is thus crucial that we understand the pathological mechanisms driving mitochondrial dysfunction in aging and how this contributes to age-associated cardiovascular disease. The current manuscript aims to fill this knowledge gap …

Pbmc Transcriptome Analysis Following Lps Stimulation Reveals Distinct Inflammatory Strategies In Feed-Efficient And Inefficient Beef Cattle, Yarahy Leal

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Improving feed efficiency is a primary objective in livestock production, serving as a major driver of profitability and sustainability in beef cattle operations as feed costs continue to rise. Residual feed intake (RFI) and residual average daily gain (RADG) are widely recognized indicators of feed efficiency and are commonly used as selection traits to reduce production costs and environmental impact. Previous research suggests a functional shift in transcriptional activity associated with immunity depending on efficiency phenotype, with evidence of greater immune system robustness in more efficient animals. This dissertation examines the molecular mechanisms linking feed efficiency and immune competence and …

The Role Of Temperature And Carbon Source In Nutrient Acquisition For Peptidoglycan Synthesis In A Gfp-Expressing Borreliella Burgdorferi, Barrett-Anne Conner Briggs

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States with an estimated yearly incidence rate of more than 300,000 cases. Borreliella burgdorferi, the etiological agent of Lyme disease, is transmitted by the bite of an infected Ixodes scapularis tick and can cause debilitating pathologies affecting numerous body systems. Symptoms include fever, fatigue, joint pain, and a characteristic bull’s eye rash (erythema migrans) at the site of the tick bite. The timely and appropriate use of antibiotics effectively treats early Lyme disease; however, uncomfortable side effects reduce treatment compliance. If left untreated, long-term complications can arise including facial …

Reducing Inorganic Phosphorus In Poultry Diets: Nutritional Constraints And Strategies For Successful Implementation, Elizabeth Ann Lynch

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Applied poultry nutrition and feed manufacture science can be described as a “three-legged stool” supported by pellet quality, feed hygienics, and nutrient availability, where imbalance in any one component can compromise overall bird performance. The research presented herein primarily addresses feed hygienics and nutrient availability, with pellet quality serving as an underlying theme, to better understand how processing conditions and dietary formulation influence performance and nutrient utilization.

In Chapter 2, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of hygienizer retention time on bacterial reduction during feed manufacture using Enterococcus faecium as a Salmonella surrogate. Pellet mill motor …

Plant Invasion Patterns In Understory And Soil Microbial Communities Of North Central West Virginia Mixed Hardwood Forests, Isabelle Marie Uganski

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Invasive plants alter forest ecosystems by reducing species richness, habitat heterogeneity, and nutrient cycling as they rapidly displace native plants. Invasive plant composition can influence soil health through altering soil microbial associations and communities. By studying the mechanisms in which invasives alter above- and below-ground communities, we can better understand whole-ecosystem impacts and inform management decisions. This study examined the relationships between co-occurring invasion on above and belowground communities of mixed hardwood forests of north central West Virginia. Despite distinctive associations with aboveground characteristics (native diversity, native tree regeneration, and leaf litter density) we detected limited changes to soil microbial …

Integrating Genetic Modifier Genotype With Serum Proteomics In Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Clinical Trials Links Ltbp4 Genetic Modifier To Il-23/Cd93 Pathways In Muscle, Utkarsh J. Dang, Yuan Fang, Daniele Sabbatini, Elena Pegoraro, Luca Bello, Paula R. Clemens, Michela Guglieri, John Van Den Anker, Jesse Damsker, Laura Hagerty, Yetrib Hathout, Michael Ziemba, Lauren Morgenroth, Surajit Bhattacharya, Kanneboyina Nagaraju, Jyoti K. Jaiswal, Eric P. Hoffman

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

Genetic modifiers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) that alter disease severity or response to therapy have been reported using natural history or registry data sets of older corticosteroid-treated patients. We tested associations of genetic modifiers on motor function outcomes in young (4 to <  7 years) steroid naïve clinical trial participants. Participants in clinical trials (VBP15-002/003 [n = 48]; VBP15-004 [n = 121]; DNA available for n = 110) were genotyped for eight published genetic modifier loci, and associations of genotypes with baseline motor function defined via an age-adjusted linear model. Corticosteroid drug response was modeled by genotype-stratified placebo vs. steroid treatment at 12- and 24-weeks posttreatment (mixed model for repeated measures). …

Mapping The Distribution Of The Common House Mosquito (Culex Pipiens) In The City Of Spokane: Mosquito Breeding Sites And Blood Meal Analysis, Oluwapelumi Hannah Sonoiki

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

Mosquitoes in the genus Culex are the primary vectors of West Nile virus (WNv) in the United States, with Culex pipiens and Culex tarsalis serving as the dominant species in Spokane. In urban environments, catch basins and other artificial water bodies that collect stagnant and polluted water provide favorable breeding habitats for Culex pipiens. This study aimed to assess the spatial distribution and seasonal dynamics of Culex larvae in Spokane. We examined 303 randomly selected catch basins in the summer of 2025, and at each site we recorded the presence or absence of water, water depth, and mosquito larval …

Dietary Ecology Of Waterfowl Nest Predators In The Prairie Pothole Region: Evaluating Resource Use From Species To Individual Using Stable Isotope Analysis, Grace Barthelmess

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

Nest predation is a primary factor influencing waterfowl productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North America. Although this system is intensely managed and studied, research has largely focused on how predators affect waterfowl populations, with comparatively little attention to how predators actually rely on waterfowl as a resource. Understanding predator feeding ecology is therefore critical for informing effective management strategies and interpreting the complexity of predator-prey interactions on this landscape. My objective overall was to elucidate the feeding ecology of nine focal predator species commonly associated with waterfowl nest predation in the Aspen Parkland Ecoregion of the PPR: …

Relationships Between Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities And Environmental Conditions In Headwater Tributaries Of The Pend Oreille Lake Watershed, Idaho, Devlin Mee

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

Benthic macroinvertebrates are widely used indicators of stream condition, and their communities respond to thermal and land-use conditions in headwater streams. This study characterized macroinvertebrate biomass, community composition, and diversity across forested headwater tributaries of the Pend Oreille lake watershed in northern Idaho, and examined their relationships with summer temperature, land development, and road proximity. Samples from thirteen streams collected in 2024 were identified to genus, measured, and converted to estimated biomass using published length–mass regressions; ten streams had recovered temperature loggers. Because environmental variables were characterized once per stream, all analyses were conducted at the stream level.

Estimated total …

The Relationship Between Acne Vulgaris And Insulin Resistance, Nora Moawad Erian, Nora Mohamed Darwish, Eman Saber Elhennawy, Fatma Faisal El Dakrory

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Some have hypothesized that resistance to insulin, a condition in which cells become less responsive to insulin, contributes to the development and worsening of acne vulgaris. The study's primary objective was to identify any associations among resistance to insulin and acne vulgaris severity. Methods Forty patients (range: 18–40 years old) with acne vulgaris and forty healthy controls (range: 18–40 years old, sex: X), were included in this case control study. Height as well as weight were the anthropometric metrics. To determine how bad acne is, doctors utilize the Global Acne Grading System. Laboratory testing for insulin resistance was conducted …

Predictors And Outcome Of Sepsis And Septic Shock Induced Acute Kidney Injury In Diabetic Patients: A Prospective Observational Study, Shrouk Essam, Rehab Shaheen Bahram Shaheen, Rasha Mahmoud Prof., Adel I. Abdelsalam

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: One characteristic of sepsis is the dysregulation of the host's reaction to infection, which can result in potentially fatal organ failure.This work aimed to assess predictors and outcome of sepsis and septic shock induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in diabetic patients. Methods: This prospective observational study included diabetic patients aged over 18 years who were admitted with sepsis or septic shock in the Medical Critical Care Unit of the Specialized Medical Hospital, Mansoura University. All patients were divided into 2 groups:AKI Group (N=74): diagnosed with AKI and No AKI Group (N=26): did not develop AKI. Results: Analysis of risk …

Effect Of High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation On Serum Sclerostin Levels In Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Mohamed A. Hassany, Mariam A. Fawy

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Vitamin D deficiency and altered bone metabolism are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Sclerostin, a key inhibitor of bone formation, has been implicated in CKD–mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD), but the impact of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on circulating sclerostin is unclear. This work examined the effect of intramuscular cholecalciferol on serum sclerostin and bone-related markers in CKD patients. Methods This randomized controlled trial involved 128 adult CKD patients (stages 3–5), 18–70 years, both sexes, with vitamin D deficiency. Adults were equally randomized into two groups: the intervention group received intramuscular cholecalciferol (300,000 IU at baseline …

Study Of The Relationship Between Insulin Resistance And Osteoporosis In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Diabetic Nephropathy Elderly Patients, Mohamed Zakarya Nooh, Alaa Abdelsalam Dawood, Bassant Samy Hamed Hafez, Moustafa Bakrey Hamed Ata

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic kidney disease play a major role in bone deterioration and increased fracture risk because they influence both insulin sensitivity and bone metabolism. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the connection between osteoporosis and insulin resistance in older individuals with type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Methods: A total of 105 participants were enrolled in the study and divided equally into three groups: 35 diabetic patients with albuminuria, 35 diabetic patients without albuminuria, and 35 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. The study was conducted at the Endocrinology & DM …

The Diagnostic Value Of Serum Ferritin In Telogen Effluvium, Sara Khaled Mohamed Elbasiouny, Marwa H. Elnagdy, Sherif R. Ismaeil, Fawzia A. Saafan

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Telogen effluvium (TE) is a common cause of hair loss (HL) in females, characterized by diffuse HL. Iron deficiency has a significant relationship with emotional stress, and anxiety is another prevalent cause for HL. So, our aim was to evaluate the serum ferritin levels among TE patients, compared to healthy controls. Methods This case-control study was conducted on 100 subjects, and they were divided into 2 groups, group (A) included 50 patients with Telogen Effluvium and group (B) included 50 healthy normal volunteers matching for age and sex with the patients. Clinical examination of diffuse shedding and positive pull …

Evaluation Of Neutrophils To Albumin Ratio (Nar) And C-Reactive Protein To Albumin Ratio (Car) As Markers Of Disease Activity In Patients With Ulcerative Colitis, Doaa Salah Abd-El-Fattah, Mohamed Abd El-Maksoud, Salwa M. Abo El-Khair, Ahmed El-Eraky, Amany Hasson

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is considered an extensive disease due to the risks of proximal extension, malignant transformation, disability and impaired life quality. This study aimed to explore the role of Neutrophils to Albumin Ratio (NAR) and C - reactive protein to Albumin Ratio (CAR) in evaluation of disease activity in patients with UC. Methods This cross-sectional study included 227subjects classified into two groups; group (I) included 126patients suffering from ulcerative colitis and group (II) included 101 healthy individuals with normal basic laboratory tests matched for age and sex. Estimating disease activity and severity clinically was according to Truelove criteria. …

Chronic Stress And Toxoplasma Gondii Infection: Investigating The Two-Hit Hypothesis On Behavior And Cognition In Chronic Toxoplasmosis Mice Model, Nora Labeeb El-Tantawy

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Toxoplasmagondii infects about one third of people around the world and is associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. But not everyone who has it ends up with behavioral symptoms, which is kind of interesting. The study aimed to investigate the two-hit hypothesis, basically testing if chronic stress makes the effects of the infection worse in mice, on behavior and cognition. Methods: Sixty Swiss Webster mice were included in the study divided into four groups (15 for each). Group 1 control, group 2 stressed animals exposed to the chronic unpredictable stress protocol, Group 3 infected with T. gondii, and group 4 received …

Fractional Ablative Co2 Laser Versus Screw Threads In Post-Traumatic Atrophic Linear Scars, Eman Emad Elfeel, Marwa Zohdy Ali, Shereen Ezzalregal Alashry, Sherihan Hassan Allam

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Scar is the result of the natural healing and reparative process, which are frequently accompanied by a few aesthetic, functional, and social impairments and may negatively affect quality of life. Fractional CO2 laser improves both the pigmentary and textural changes by removing thin layers of skin with minimal thermal damage. Thread lifting technology is a non-surgical facial rejuvenation technology that can minimize postoperative recovery period and scar from the incision Aim To compare the efficacy of fractional ablative CO2 laser therapy versus screw threads in post-traumatic atrophic linear scars. Methods This prospective randomized clinical study included 2 groups; group …

Impact Of Admission Hyperglycemia On In-Hospital Arrhythmia In Medical Critical Illness, Ebrahim Elsayed Tawfik, Afaf Abdel Hafez, Tarek El-Sayed Gouda, Rehab Shaheen Bahram Shaheen

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Admission hyperglycemia is frequently encountered in critically ill patients, even in the absence of pre-existing diabetes. Acute stress hyperglycemia triggers autonomic activation, oxidative stress, and electrophysiological disturbances that may predispose to cardiac arrhythmias. Aim of work The present study aimed to explore the frequency and type of arrhythmic events among critically ill patients with admission hyperglycemia in medical intensive care units (MICU). Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 354 critically ill ICU patients . They were divided into group A with admission hyperglycemia (>180 mg/dL) and group B with admission normoglycemia (≤180 mg/dL). All patients were subjected …

Evaluation Of The Frequency Of Subclinical Peripheral Neuropathy Among Children And Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Using Nerve Conduction Studies, Hadeer Ashraf Abdulwahab, Ann A. Abdelkader, Nanees Salem, Bothina Hasaneen

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: The long-term vascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) include nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and macrovascular diseases, so the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of subclinical peripheral neuropathy among children and adolescents with Type 1 DM using nerve conduction studies (NCSs) in relation to diabetesrelated clinical and metabolic parameters. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 children and adolescents with T1D. The patients were divided into 2 groups, symptomatic group who had symptoms or signs of diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) and asymptomatic group who had no signs or symptoms of polyneuropathy. NCSs were conducted and sensory …

Predictors Of Successful Conservative Lung Surgery In Endobronchial Tumors, Ahmed Mohamed Abdelfattah Ahmed Omar, Amr Abdellateef Hassan, Sameh Ibrahim Elsayed

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Endobronchial tumors, though rare, often present centrally and may cause airway obstruction. Historically managed by pneumonectomy, conservative lung surgery has emerged as a viable alternative with reduced morbidity. Methods: This retrospective study included 69 adult patients with endobronchial tumors treated surgically at Mansoura University between 2005 and 2024. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 underwent pneumonectomy; Group 2 non-pneumonectomy. Clinical, radiological and bronchoscopic data were analyzed to identify predictors of successful conservative surgery. Results: Tumor location, proximity to the carina, preserved distal lung tissue, and higher preoperative FEV1% were significantly associated with conservative surgical success. Therapeutic bronchoscopy …

Readmission And Reoperation Following Transurethral Incision Of The Prostate For Benign Prostatic Obstruction: A 20-Year Retrospective Review And Analysis, Amr Wael Yehia, Mohamed Hegazy, Ahmed Refat Elnahas, Ahmed Mohamed Elshal

Mansoura Medical Journal

Introduction: Transurethral Incision of the Prostate (TUIP) is a recognized surgical treatment for benign prostatic obstruction (BPO), particularly in patients with smaller glands. While valued for its minimal invasiveness, it is associated with higher medium-term reoperation rates. This study analyzes a 20-year institutional experience to define the rate, timing, causes, and predictors of readmission and reoperation after TUIP. Methods: A retrospective review of 557 patients who underwent TUIP for BPO was conducted. Data collected included demographics, comorbidities, perioperative details and complications graded by the Clavien-Dindo system. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified predictors of readmission and reoperation if present. …

Assessment Of Serum Level Of Il-38 In Patients With Non-Segmental Vitiligo And Its Relation To Disease Severity, Zahraa Jafar Ahmed Altaitoon, Al-Shahat Farag Ahmed Sharaf, Hamdy Fouad A. Marzo, Mohammed Samir Sultan

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Vitiligo is a common autoimmune disorder (AID) characterized by extensive loss of melanocytes, causing depigmented skin patches. Interleukin-38 (IL- 38), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, has been linked to several autoimmune conditions, but its involvement in vitiligo hasn’t been confirmed. Aim: To measure serum IL-38 levels in patients with non-segmental vitiligo (NSV) and explores how these levels relate to disease severity and activity. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional case-control study that included 40 patients with non-segmental vitiligo and 40 healthy individuals matched for age, sex, and BMI. Assessment of disease severity and activity was conducted by using the Vitiligo Area Scoring …