Digital Commons Network^™

The Palmer Lter: A Long-Term Ecological Research Program At Palmer Station, Antarctica, Raymond C. Smith, Karen S. Baker, William R. Fraser, Eileen E. Hofmann, David M. Karl, John M. Klinck, Langdon B. Quetin, Barbara B. Prezelin, Robin M. Ross, Wayne Z. Trivelpiece, Maria Vernet

CCPO Publications

THE ANTARCTIC marine ecosystem-the assemblage of plants, animals, ocean, sea ice, and island components south of the Antarctic Convergence is among the largest readily defined ecosystems on Earth (36 X 106 km2 ) (Hedgpeth, 1977; Petit et al., 1991). This ecosystem is composed of an interconnected system of functionally distinct hydrographic and biogeochemical subdivisions (Treguer and Jacques, 1992) and includes open ocean, frontal regions, shelf-slope waters, sea ice, and marginal ice zones. Oceanic, atmospheric, and biogeochemical processes within this system are thought to be globally significant, have been infrequently studied, and are poorly understood relative to more accessible marine ecosystems …

Natural History Of The Spider Genus Lutica (Araneae, Zodariidae), Martina G. Ramirez

Biology Faculty Works

Spiders of the genus Lutica are fossorial inhabitants of coastal dunes of southern California, Baja California and the California Channel Islands. They live in silk-lined burrows concentrated beneath dune vegetation. Lutica are sit-and-wait predators that subdue insects that walk near or over burrows . They are sedentary and do not engage in aerial dispersal via ballooning . Adult males abandon their burrows during the late summer and early fall to wander in search of females . Females produce eggsacs and guard them till they die; spiderlings emerge in the spring. Dune trapdoor spiders (Aptostichus simus) prey on Lutica, …

Getting The Lay Of The Land: Introducing North American Native Grasslands, Anthony Joern, Kathleen H. Keeler

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The expected catastrophic extinction of species (already under way in many places) will alter the planet’s biological diversity so profoundly that, at the known rate of extinction, it will take millions of years to recover. Yet few ecologists study extinction. Indeed, very little ecology deals with any processes that last more than a few years, involve more than a handful of species, and cover an area of more than a few hectares. The temporal, spatial and organizational scales of most ecological studies are such that one can read entire issues of major journals and see no hint of impending catastrophe. …

Microevolution And The Genetic Structure Of Parasite Populations, Steven A. Nadler

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The development of polymerase chain reaction-based methods for assessing the genotypes of small individual organisms will promote groundbreaking investigations of the genetic architecture of parasite populations. Both quantitative genetic models and general knowledge of parasite natural history are useful for making general predictions about the distribution of genetic variation over geographic space. However, designing experimental studies to assess relationships between specific life history variables and patterns of genetic structure in natural populations will be challenging. Traditional biochemical-genetic methods have already been used to study a limited number of parasite populations, and inferred patterns of genetic structure are distinctly different between …

Critical Comments: Parasitology Year 2000, Albert O. Bush, Janine N. Caira, Dennis J. Minchella, Steven A. Nadler, John R. Seed

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

We predict that in order for parasitology to thrive by the year 2000 the various subdisciplines of evolution, ecology, biosystematics, and genetics must develop holistic approaches and use parasite models to answer basic biological questions. The students of tomorrow must work as part of a multidisciplinary team; and their questions and answers must be conceptually integrated into the broader biological framework of evolution and ecology.

Historical Biogeography And Modes Of Speciation Across High-Latitude Seas Of The Holarctic: Concepts For Host-Parasite Coevolution Among The Phocini (Phocidae) And Tetrabothriidae (Eucestoda), Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Species of Anophryocephalus are host-specific parasites of pinnipeds in the Holarctic. Phylogenetic analysis of 7 species postulates A. anophrys as the basal taxon and A. inuitorum as basal to A. skrjabini; A. arcticensis is basal to A. nunivakensis and A. eumetopii + A. ochotensis (single tree; consistency index = 74.4%; homoplasy slope ratio = 36.45%). Evaluation of host and geographic distributions postulates ringed seals of the Atlantic-Arctic as ancestral hosts, and the Arctic basin as a paraphyletic area with respect to the North Pacific. Cospeciation within this assemblage was dependent on intense isolation of small effective populations of definitive hosts …

Anophryocephalus Inuitorum Sp. Nov. And A. Arcticensis Sp. Nov. (Eucestoda: Tetrabothriidae) In Ringed Seals (Phoca Hispida Hispida) And Harp Seals (Phoca Groenlandica) From High-Latitude Seas Of Eastern Canada And The Arctic Basin, Eric P. Hoberg, Lena N. Measures

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Anophryocephalus inuitorum sp. nov. and A. arcticensis sp. nov. are described from ringed seals (Phoca hispida hispida) in the eastern Canadian Arctic; the latter species is also reported from harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Anophryocephalus inuitorum is most similar to A. skrjabini, but can be distinguished by fewer testes (14-27) and smaller dimensions of the strobila, neck (3.0-5.9 mm long), and cirrus sac (31-70 μm long), diameter of the genital atrium (44 -68 pm), and length of the male canal (23-42 μm long). Anophyrocephulus arcticensis resembles A. nunivakensis in the …

Evidence Of The Establishment Of Cotesia Flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) In Continental Africa, C. O. Omwega, S. W. Kimani, W. A. Overholt, C. K.P.O. Ogol

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Cotesia flavipes Cameron has been released several times in Africa for biological control of gramineous stem borers. Establishment has been reported on the Indian Ocean islands of Mauritius, Réunion and Madagascar, however, several attempts to introduce C. flavipes into continental Africa are reported to have failed. Recently, several cocoon masses of C. flavipes were recovered from south-western Kenya where the parasitoid was never released. Identifications of the parasitoids from south-western Kenya were based on morphological characters, allozyme frequencies, and mating experiments with laboratory populations of C. flavipes. It is hypothesized that C. flavipes became established from individuals escaping from a …

Biosystematics Of The Cotesia Flavipes Complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): Interspecific Hybridization, Sex Pheromone And Mating Behaviour Studies, Susan W. Kimani, William A. Overholt

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Mating behaviour, sex pheromone attraction and reciprocal breeding of Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), C. sesamiae (Cameron) and C. chilonis (Matsumura) were studied. These three putative species comprise the Cotesia flavipes complex. Wing fanning and antennal vibration were the initial courtship signals from the males. Antennal stroking by the male was also an important contact signal and a prerequisite to successful mounting and copulation. Interspecific crosses revealed that males of C. flavipes exhibited courtship behaviour, and mounted and copulated with females of C. chilonis and C. sesamiae; the males transferred sperm but progeny from these crosses did not include females. …

Products Derived From The Leaves Of Ocimum Kilimandscharicum (Labiatae) As Post-Harvest Grain Protectants Against The Infestation Of Three Major Stored Product Insect Pests, B. Jembere, D. Obeng-Ofori, A. Hassanali, G. N.N. Nyamasyo

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The bioactivity of materials from the leaves of Ocimum kilimandscharicum was tested against Sitophilus zeamais Mots chulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) and Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in maize and sorghum grains in the laboratory. Exposure of adults of the three insect species to dried ground leaves and essential oil extract of O. kilimandscharicum induced 100% mortality after 48 h. Fresh and dried whole leaves were not toxic to Sitophilus zeamais or R. dominica. Grains treated with dried ground leaves and essential oil extract caused significant reductions in the number of progeny and survival rate of all …

Second Intermediate Host-Specificity Of Haematoloechus Complexus And Haematoloechus Medioplexus (Digenea: Haematoloechidae), Scott D. Snyder, John J. Janovy

Biology Faculty Publications

Second intermediate host-specificity was examined for two species of the frog lung fluke genus Haematoloechus. Nine species of freshwater arthropods were exposed to cercariae of H. complexus and H. medioplexus. Metacercariae of H. complexus developed in all arthropod species used. Metacercariae of H. medioplexus developed only in anisopteran odonate naiads. This difference in host utilization may have epizootiological implications. The potential development of H. complexus in a greater number of arthropods than H. medioplexus may increase the chances of ingestion of H. complexus by an anuran host. The range of arthropods parasitized by H. complexus indicates that host-specificity …

Second Intermediate Host-Specificity Of Haematoloechus Complexus And Haematoloechus Medioplexus (Digenea: Haematoloechidae), Scott D. Snyder, John J. Janovy Jr.

John J. Janovy, Jr. Publications

Second intermediate host-specificity was examined for two species of the frog lung fluke genus Haematoloechus. Nine species of freshwater arthropods were exposed to cercariae of H. complexus and H. medioplexus. Metacercariae of H. complexus developed in all arthropod species used. Metacercariae of H. medioplexus developed only in anisopteran odonate naiads. This difference in host utilization may have epizootiological implications. The potential development of H. complexus in a greater number of arthropods than H. medioplexus may increase the chances of ingestion of H. complexus by an anuran host. The range of arthropods parasitized by H. complexus indicates that host-specificity …

Phylogenetic Systematic Analysis Of The Trichostrongylidae (Nematoda), With An Initial Assessment Of Coevolution And Biogeography, Eric P. Hoberg, J. Ralph Lichtenfels

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Phylogenetic analysis of the subfamilies of the Trichostrongylidae based on 22 morphological transformation series produced a single cladogram with a consistency index (CI) = 74.2%. Monophyly for the family was supported by the structure of the female tail and copulatory bursa. Two major clades are recognized: the Cooperiinae clade with the basal Cooperiinae and Libyostrongylinae + Trichostrongylinae, and the Graphidiinae clade with the basal Graphidiinae and Ostertagiinae + Haemonchinae. Dendrograms presented by Durette- Desset (1985) (CI = 56.1%) and Lichtenfels (1987), based on the key to the Trichostrongylidae by Gibbons and Khalil (1982) (CI = 59.0%), were found to be …

The Identification, Distribution, Impacts, Biology And Management Of Noxious Rangeland Weeds, Roger L. Sheley

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This document provides a discussion of the biology and management of exotic rangeland weeds which are a threat to native ecosystems of the western United States. Chapter 1 describes a generalized approach for managing noxious weed infested rangeland, while Chapter 2 focuses on preventing noxious weed invasion. In some cases, noxious weeds readily invade riparian areas, and because of the sensitive nature of these ecosystems Chapter 3 is devoted to riparian weed management. The following 13 chapters describe the identification, origin, history, distribution, potential invasion, impacts, biology and ecology, and management of specific noxious rangeland weeds.

Agenda: Who Governs The Public Lands: Washington? The West? The Community?, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Who Governs the Public Lands: Washington? The West? The Community? (September 28-30)

Conference organizers and/or session moderators included University of Colorado School of Law professors David H. Getches, Judith Jacobsen, Lawrence J. MacDonnell, Teresa Rice and Charles F. Wilkinson.

Shifting policy objectives and management approaches for the public lands of the West are provoking heated debate about how these decisions should be made and implemented. Are these policy directions a reflection of the "New West" or are they, in fact, a declaration of "war on the West"? Somewhere between these polarities of view, efforts are underway to open dialogue and reach consensus.

This second annual western lands conference will explore federal initiatives …

Agriculture News Release - 1994-09-28b, United States. Congress. House. Committee On Agriculture, E. De La Garza

Kika de la Garza Congressional Papers - Agriculture Committee News Releases

No abstract provided.

Variability Of Zophobas Rugipes Kirsch (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Tenebrioninii) In Cuba, Orlando H. Garrido, Esteban Gutierrez

Insecta Mundi

The blind click-beetles are the larger tenebrionids of Cuba. In our territory there are two species described, Zophbas rugipes Kirsch with a wide distribution in other West Indies, Central and South America, and Z. cubanus Marcuzzi, endemic to Cuba. Other authors had exposed the variability of Z. rugipes. We have compared all the available material from Cuban collections and have reached the conclusion that the diagnostic characters exposed for z. cubanus, based on a small series, are not valid. Therefore, we consider this taxon as an individual variation of Z. rugipes, and synonymize Z. cubanus under Z. rugipes …

Floristic Survey Of Northern Sandplains Between Perth And Geraldton, Edward Arnold Griffin

Resource management technical reports

A database of plant lists from over 2,500 sites was compiled from the the Northern Sandplains between Perth and Geraldton. Over 2,500 plant taxa were recorded from the area. Preliminary classification revealed in the order of 500 different floristic types. Analysis of these demonstrated strong regional patterns of floristic composition related to geology and soils. Consistencies in these patterns indicated a need to review the location of some of the botanical district boundaries.

Analysis Of The Distribution And Molecular Heterogeneity Of The Ospd Gene Among The Lyme Disease Spirochetes: Evidence For Lateral Gene Exchange, Richard T. Marconi, D. Scott Samuels, Robert K. Landry, Claude F. Garon

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Analysis of the ospD gene has revealed that this gene is not universal among Lyme disease spirochete isolates. The gene was found to be carried by 90, 50, and 24% of the Borrelia garinii, B. afzelii, and B. burgdorferi isolates tested. Size variability in the ospD-encoding plasmid was also observed. Sequence analysis has demonstrated the presence of various numbers of a 17-bp repeated sequence in the upstream control (promoter) region of the gene. In addition, a region within the coding sequence where various insertions, deletions, and direct repeats occur was identified. ospD gene sequences from 31 different isolates were determined …

Agriculture News Release - 1994-05-12, United States. Congress. House. Committee On Agriculture, E. De La Garza

Kika de la Garza Congressional Papers - Agriculture Committee News Releases

No abstract provided.

Discussion And Measurement Of Soil Erosion In Iceland, Kimberly Jane Richardson

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Soil erosion has occurred since the beginning of time. It is a natural process, but one that has been increasing at an alarming rate. Once soil is eroded--whether it is blown out to sea or washed down a river to sedimentize a lake--it is lost. It is almost impossible to reestablish similar soil components and characteristics in a given system. Since soil and vegetation reestablishment is expensive, the prevention of soil erosion by controlling its causes has become the most cost-effective reclamation effort.

After spending six months in Iceland, I wrote this paper on the unique erosion problems facing that …

Fuel Load And Plant Community Dynamics Of Bryce Canyon National Park, Doug W. Wight

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A comprehensive fuel load assessment of all plant communities in Bryce Canyon National Park is provided. Fuel loads by community type are pooled into "fuel type associations" based on similarity in predicted fire behavior, and the fuel type associations are mapped throughout the Park. For each fuel type association, a series of fire behavior simulations is presented describing expected rates of spread and intensities for typical conditions in each month of the fire season and for a worst-case scenario. These fire behavior predictions provide guidelines for writing prescribed burning prescriptions or for quickly assessing the need for possible fire suppression …

Modeling Forest Dynamics At The Landscape Scale: Integrating A Computer Simulation Model And Geographic Information System, David W. Betz

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This research demonstrates the ability to integrate a computer simulation model with a geographic information system (GIS) to predict forest community dynamics in both the spatial and temporal dimensions. A landscape scale computer simulation model, LANDSIM, was coupled with the Arc/Info GIS to simulate the interaction of forest fires and forest succession at Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah, and to produce maps of the predicted community types. The sensitivity of the model was tested with respect to the fire return interval, maximum neighbor spread, and the effect of slope upon the spread of simulated fires. The model predicts that each …

Lter Correspondence & Letters, Jerry F. Franklin

Long Term Ecological Research Network

1st. Letter written by Jerry F. Franklin, chair of LTER Network, addressed to David Greenland of the department of Geography. Franklin extends an invitation to the upcoming Coordinating Committee meeting taking place from October 19-21.

2nd. Letter written by Jerry F. Franklin, chair of LTER Network, addressed to Joshua Greenberg of he College of Forest Resources. Franklin extends an invitation to the upcoming Coordinating Committee meeting taking place from October 19-21.

3rd. Letter written by Jerry F. Franklin, chair of LTER Network, he writes on the significant decisions taken place over the LTER/CC meeting held on April 22-24.

4th. Letter …

Proposal For Center For Grassland Studies, Ron Case, Dick Clark, Charles A. Francis, Tony Joern, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Lowell E. Moser, Bob Shearman, Ken Vogel, Steven S. Waller

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Its my pleasure, on behalf of the Grassland Studies Task Force, to forward a proposal for a Center for Grassland Studies for your consideration. The Task Force is extremely pleased with the overwhelming support from a broad base of input. The Task Force has made a major effort through internal and external listening sessions to insure that there was support and in doing so develop a coalition of partners across the University of Nebraska System, state colleges, community colleges, industry, state and federal agencies, public groups, private non-profit organizations and other educational institutions in the region.

Nebraska has a rich …

Xi Shu, A Promising Anti-Tumor And Anti-Viral Tree For The 21st Century, Shiyou Li, Kent T. Adair

eBooks

"Drs. Shiyou Li and Kent T. Adair have prepared a monograph which reviews in a thorough manner the subsequent history of CPT and analogs from discovery to promising clinical drugs. In addition, the monograph provides a wealth of novel data concerning botanical, ecological, agronomical, and cultural information, much of it presented for the first time in this interesting monograph."

Identification And Description Of Minnesota Agricultural Regions Using Cluster Analysis, Deborah D. Paulson

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Because Minnesota is agriculturally diverse, consideration of regional differences in agriculture is important when addressing agricultural issues in the state. In order for policy makers, researchers, and organizations to effectively deal with regional variation that can affect their work, they need a description and understanding of the variation. One way to achieve this is with a regional breakdown of the state based on a systematic analysis of agricultural characteristics at the state level. This study presents the results of a cluster analysis of Minnesota counties using 65 agricultural variables from the 1987 Agricultural Census. Seven core agricultural regions are identified …

Lucille Vinyard Journal 1994, Lucille Vinyard

Lucille Vinyard Journal Collection

No abstract provided.

H. Albert Hochbaum: A Man Not Forgotten, Jerome R. Serie

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

This book is a posthumous collection of essays by Al Hochbaum, compiled and edited by his son George, and is a unique blend of classic literary pose and artistry. It is colorfully illustrated with brilliant photographs by two of the best waterfowl photographers, Jack A. Barrie and Glen D. Chambers. Hochbaum's painting of a canvasback flight over Delta Marsh graces the frontispiece and several of his pen-and-ink sketches are scattered throughout. Both the foreword, by Gene Bossenmaier, and the introduction, by George Hochbaum, pay tribute to Hochbaum' s dedication to waterfowl, his immense talents, and a lifetime of accomplishment. Hans …

Predicting The Past, Recounting The Future: Human Ecology And A Prehistory Of Consciousness, Paul Faulstich

Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research

This paper is concerned with the organic derivation and primary meaning of Pleistocene finger flutings; I propose that in order to gain insight into the significance of the flutings, we must attempt an understanding of the physical and mental contexts in which they emerged. I suggest that finger flutings provided a cultural record in the Pleistocene which documented thought and action, and made it ready for reflection. Through the process of finger fluting, the human 'self' was objected and reality was modified in the experience of self-consciuosness. I argue that finger flutings, like language, were employed to discover and convey …