Digital Commons Network^™

Geographically Separated Orange And Blue Populations Of The Amazonian Poison Frog Adelphobates Galactonotus (Anura, Dendrobatidae) Do Not Differ In Alkaloid Composition Or Palatability, Adriana M. Jeckel, Sophie Kocheff, Ralph Saporito, Taran Grant

2019 Faculty Bibliography

As is typical of chemically defended animals, poison frogs present high variability in their alkaloid-based defenses. Previous studies have shown that geographically separated color morphs of Oophaga and Dendrobates species differ in both alkaloid composition and arthropod palatability. Here, we tested the generality of that finding by studying the alkaloid composition and palatability of geographically separated blue and orange morphs of the splash-backed poison frog, Adelphobates galactonotus. We identified and quantified the alkaloid composition of each individual frog using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and evaluated the palatability of individual secretions to arthropods conducting feeding trials with Drosophila melanogaster. Despite their conspicuous …

Closing Yield Gaps For Rice Self-Sufficiency In China, Nanyan Deng, Patricio Grassini, Haishun Yang, Jianliang Huang, Kenneth G. Cassman, Shaobing Peng

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

China produces 28% of global rice supply and is currently self-sufficient despite a massive rural-to-urban demographic transition that drives intense competition for land and water resources. At issue is whether it will remain self-sufficient, which depends on the potential to raise yields on existing rice land. Here we report a detailed spatial analysis of rice production potential in China and evaluate scenarios to 2030. We find that China is likely to remain self-sufficient in rice assuming current yield and consumption trajectories and no reduction in production area. A focus on increasing yields of double-rice systems on general, and in three …

Self-Evaluation Report For Society Of American Foresters' Continued Accreditation Of Bachelor Of Science Degree In Forest Ecology And Management, Karen E. Mock, Department Of Wildland Resources, Utah State University

Faculty

This self-evaluation report has been produced for the purpose of reaccreditation of the Utah State University Forest Ecology and Management (FEMA) undergraduate degree program by the Society of American Foresters (SAF). Utah State University has maintained an SAF-accredited forestry program since 1936 and was most recently reaccredited by SAF in 2010.

Utah State University has a long and influential legacy in the forestry profession. Our faculty have led and shaped the profession, and our graduates have become leaders in a variety of state, federal, international, and academic organizations. Our institutional structure, degree program components, and enrollments have changed over time, …

Correlates Of Snake Entanglement In Erosion Control Blankets, Sarah E. Ebert, Kasey L. Jobe, Christopher M. Schalk, Daniel Saenz, Cory K. Adams, Christopher E. Comer

Faculty Publications

In road construction projects across the United States, erosion control methods (e.g., erosion control blankets [ECBs]), are mandated to stimulate seedbed regeneration and prevent soil loss. Previous reports have suggested that snakes are vulnerable to entanglement in ECBs. We conducted a literature review, field surveys, and an entanglement experiment to examine what factors increase a snake’s risk of ECB entanglement. Our literature review produced reports of 175 reptiles entangled in mesh products, 89.1% of which were snakes, with 43.6% of snake entanglements occurring in erosion control products. During our field surveys, we found 10 entangled snakes (n = 2 alive; …

In The Round: The Future Of Food, Teddy Bekele, Jane Black, Mitchell Davis, Jon De La Para Harper, Natalie Dinicola, Virginia Dunleavy, Sam Fiorello, Kimberly Flowers, Raj Gollamudi, Daniel Hewett, Jak Knowles, Tom Laurita, Robert Lawrence, Maureen Mazurek, Robyn Metcalfe, Mike Miille, Hari Pulapaka, Jenneffer Pulapaka, Patricia Risica, Simone Sala, Chase Sova, Karen Washingon, Tom Weis, Center For Complexity

Future of Food

In collaboration with PopTech, the Center for Complexity (CfC) hosted a two day convening in March 2019 to discuss the future of food, conducted in-the-round. Conversations-in-the-round offer an experimental and collaborative forum where a variety of perspectives collide to reimagine how we should approach navigating complex challenges.

30 professionals, community leaders, ag-tech startups, policymakers, local activists, global aid administrators, and many other important voices in the food industry were in attendance. We did not set out to create solutions, rather we devoted our time to exploration — a process that allowed us to assess, discover, reality-check, and strategically plan the …

Parental Perceptions Of The Risks And Rewards Of Youth Tackle Football, Laurel Whalen

Wayne State University Dissertations

Football is one of the most popular sports in the United States, despite a high risk of injury associated with the game. The issue of sports-related concussion (SRC) in football has garnered widespread attention in both the media and in scholarly literature as a result of documentaries, movies, and popular journal articles highlighting the connection between former professional football players and the neurodegenerative disease chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or CTE (McKee et al., 2013; Mez, Daneshvar, Kiernan, et al., 2017). Although some studies have identified extremely few concussions in youth football, others have reported rates of concussion (Kontos, Elbin, Fazio-Sumrock, et …

Empathi: An Ontology For Emergency Managing And Planning About Hazard Crisis, Manas Gaur, Kaeedeh Shekarpour, Amelia Gyrard, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

In the domain of emergency management during hazard crises, having sufficient situational awareness information is critical. It requires capturing and integrating information from sources such as satellite images, local sensors and social media content generated by local people.
A bold obstacle to capturing, representing and integrating such heterogeneous and diverse information is lack of a proper ontology which properly conceptualizes this domain, aggregates and unifies datasets. Thus, in this paper, we introduce empathi ontology which conceptualizes the core concepts describing the domain of emergency managing and planning of hazard crises.
Although empathi has a coarse-grained view, it considers the necessary …

Southern Ocean Biogeochemical Float Deployment Strategy, With Example From The Greenwich Meridian Line (Go-Ship A12), L. D. Talley, I. Rosso, I. Kamenkovich, M. R. Mazloff, J. Wang, E. Boss, A. R. Gray, K. S. Johnson, R. M. Key, S. C. Riser, N. L. Williams, J. L. Sarmiento

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Biogeochemical Argo floats, profiling to 2,000-m depth, are being deployed throughout the Southern Ocean by the Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling program (SOCCOM). The goal is 200 floats by 2020, to provide the first full set of annual cycles of carbon, oxygen, nitrate, and optical properties across multiple oceanographic regimes. Building from no prior coverage to a sparse array, deployments are based on prior knowledge of water mass properties, mean frontal locations, mean circulation and eddy variability, winds, air-sea heat/freshwater/carbon exchange, prior Argo trajectories, and float simulations in the Southern Ocean State Estimate and Hybrid Coordinate Ocean …

Subglacial Hydrological Control On Flow Of An Antarctic Peninsula Palaeo-Ice Stream, Robert D. Larter, Kelly A. Hogan, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, James A. Smith, Christine L. Batchelor, Matthieu Cartigny, Alex J. Tate, James D. Kirkham, Zoë A. Roseby, Gerhard Kuhn, Alastair G. Graham, Julian A. Dowdeswell

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Basal hydrological systems play an important role in controlling the dynamic behaviour of ice streams. Data showing their morphology and relationship to geological substrates beneath modern ice streams are, however, sparse and difficult to collect. We present new multibeam bathymetry data that make the Anvers-Hugo Trough west of the Antarctic Peninsula the most completely surveyed palaeo-ice stream pathway in Antarctica. The data reveal a diverse range of landforms, including streamlined features where there was fast flow in the palaeo-ice stream, channels eroded by flow of subglacial water, and compelling evidence of palaeo-ice stream shear margin locations. We interpret landforms as …

An Ocean-Colour Time Series For Use In Climate Studies: The Experience Of The Ocean-Colour Climate Change Initiative (Oc-Cci), Shubha Sathyendranath, Robert J.W. Brewin, Carsten Brockmann, Vanda Brotas, Ben Calton, Andrei Chuprin, Paolo Cipollini, André B. Couto, James Dingle, Roland Doerffer, Craig Donlon, Mark Dowell, Alex Farman, Mike Grant, Steve Groom, Andrew Horseman, Thomas Jackson, Hajo Krasemann, Samantha Lavender, Victor Martinez-Vicente, Constant Mazeran, Frédéric Mélin, Timothy S. Moore, Dagmar Müller, Peter Regner, Shovonlal Roy, Chris J. Steele, François Steinmetz, John Swinton, Malcolm Taberner, Adam Thompson, André Valente, Marco Zühlke, Vittorio E. Brando, Hui Feng, Gene Feldman, Bryan A. Franz, Robert Frouin, Richard W. Gould, Stanford B. Hooker, Mati Kahru, Susanne Kratzer, B. Greg Mitchell, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Heidi M. Sosik, Kenneth J. Voss, Jeremy Werdell, Trevor Platt

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Ocean colour is recognised as an Essential Climate Variable (ECV) by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS); and spectrally-resolved water-leaving radiances (or remote-sensing reflectances) in the visible domain, and chlorophyll-a concentration are identified as required ECV products. Time series of the products at the global scale and at high spatial resolution, derived from ocean-colour data, are key to studying the dynamics of phytoplankton at seasonal and inter-annual scales; their role in marine biogeochemistry; the global carbon cycle; the modulation of how phytoplankton distribute solar-induced heat in the upper layers of the ocean; and the response of the marine ecosystem to …

From Land To The Ocean: The Interplay Between Allochthonous And Autochthonous Contribution To Particles In Nepheloid Layers Of The Cariaco Basin, Venezuela, Laura Lorenzoni, Robert C. Thunell, Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson, Enrique Montes, Ramón Varela, Yrene Astor, Frank E. Muller-Karger

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Lithogenic sediment input to the Cariaco Basin on the eastern Venezuelan shelf is controlled by small mountainous rivers (SMRs). The Cariaco Basin is also an area of high phytoplankton productivity as a result of strong Trade Wind-driven coastal upwelling. Characterizing the sources that supply particulate organic carbon (POC) to the deep Cariaco Basin is important for interpreting the paleoclimate record stored in its sediments. We measured suspended POC in the four main rivers draining into the Caraiaco Basin, the Tuy, Unare, Neveri, and Manzanares, between September 2008 and September 2009 and conducted basin-wide oceanographic cruises in September 2008 (rainy season) …

Anthropogenic Influence On Falco Sparverius Populations Within Washington State, Jesse Squibb

Undergraduate Honors Theses

American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) populations have been fluctuating throughout the United States. A primary focus in studying these birds has been on the decline of the small raptor along the East Coast of the United States. This project focuses on the American Kestrel populations within Washington State between 2005 and 2011. The goal of this project was to determine whether or not the trend in Washington are similar to those along the East Coast. This study uses data from Global Biodiversity Information Facility, Christmas Bird Count, and North American Breeding Bird Survey for American Kestrel Sightings. The United …

Augmenting Land Cover/Land Use Classification By Incorporating Information From Land Surface Phenology: An Application To Quantify Recent Cropland Expansion In South Dakota, Lan Hoang Nguyen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Understanding rapid land change in the U.S. NGP region is not only critical for management and conservation of prairie habitats and ecosystem services, but also for projecting production of crops and biofuels and the impacts of land conversion on water quality and rural transportation infrastructure. Hence, it raises the need for an LCLU dataset with good spatiotemporal coverage as well as consistent accuracy through time to enable change analysis. This dissertation aims (1) to develop a novel classification method, which utilizes time series images from comparable sensors, from the perspective of land surface phenology, and (2) to apply the land …

Proximate Grassland And Shrub-Encroached Sites Show Dramatic Restructuring Of Soil Bacterial Communities., Xingjia Xiang, Sean M Gibbons, He Li, Haihua Shen, Haiyan Chu

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Background: Changes in aboveground community composition and diversity following shrub encroachment have been studied extensively. Recently, shrub encroachment was associated with differences in belowground bacterial communities relative to non-encroached grassland sites hundreds of meters away. This spatial distance between grassland and shrub sites left open the question of how soil bacterial communities associated with different vegetation types might differ within the same plot location.

Methods: We examined soil bacterial communities between shrub-encroached and adjacent (one m apart) grassland soils in Chinese Inner Mongolian, using high-throughput sequencing method (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA).

Results: Shrub-encroached sites were associated with dramatic restructuring …

Development And Validation Of The Policies, Opportunities, Initiatives And Notable Topics (Points) Audit For Campuses And Worksites, Tanya M. Horacek, Marlei Simon, Elif Dede Yildirim, Adrienne A. White, Karla P. Shelnutt, Kristin Riggsbee, Melissa D. Olfert, Jesse Stabile Morrell, Anne E. Matthews, Wenjun Zhou, Tandalayo Kidd, Kendra Kattelmann, Geoffrey Greene, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Sarah E. Colby, Carol Byrd-Bredbenner, Onikia Brown

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Workplace or campus wellness/obesity-prevention policies and initiatives can improve health. Research tools to assess worksite or campus policies/initiatives are scarce. Thus, the aim of this research is to develop and validate the policies, opportunities, initiatives, and notable topics (POINTS) audit. Methods: POINTS was developed and refined via expert review, pilot-testing, and field testing. Trained researchers completed a web-based review from a student-focus or employee-focus regarding 34 health-promoting topics for colleges. Each topic was evaluated on a 0–2 scale: 0 = no policy/initiative, 1 = initiatives, 2 = written policy. When a written policy was detected, additional policy support questions …

Mcnair Scholars Research Journal 2019, Daisy Estrada, Kenya Loudd, Joyce Payan, Alex Sanchez, Bilal Alameri, Eman Alasadi, Ross J. Armant, Umesh Bhandari, Ryne Dingler, Ciara Mason, Yvonne Nguyen, Treston Shaw, Jason Tasie

McNair Scholars Research Journal-Archive

No abstract provided.

Biomass Yield In A Genetically Diverse Miscanthus Sinensis Germplasm Panel Evaluated At Five Locations Revealed Individuals With Exceptional Potential, Lindsay V. Clark, Maria S. Dwiyanti, Kossonou G. Anzoua, Joe E. Brummer, Bimal Kumar Ghimire, Katarzyna Glowacka, Megan Hall, Kweon Heo, Xiaoli Jin, Alexander E. Lipka, Junhua Peng, Toshihiko Yamada, Ji Hye Yoo, Chang Yeon Yu, Hua Zhao, Stephen P. Long, Erik J. Sacks

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

To breed improved biomass cultivars of Miscanthus ×giganteus, it will be necessary to select the highest‐yielding and best‐adapted genotypes of its parental species, Miscanthus sinensis and Miscanthus sacchariflorus. We phenotyped a diverse clonally propagated panel of 569 M. sinensis and nine natural diploid M. ×giganteus at one subtropical (Zhuji, China) and five temperate locations (Sapporo, Japan; Leamington, Ontario, Canada; Fort Collins, CO; Urbana, IL; and Chuncheon, Korea) for dry biomass yield and 14 yield‐component traits, in trials grown for 3 years. Notably, dry biomass yield of four Miscanthus accessions exceeded 80 Mg/ha in Zhuji, China, approaching …

Some Current Trends And Challenges In Philippine Aquaculture, With An Emphasis On Synergies With Biodiversity Initiatives, Ronald Allan L. Cruz, Vikas Kumar, Janice A. Ragaza

Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Advancing Urban Wildlife Research Through A Multi-City Collaboration, Seth B. Magle, Mason Fidino, Elizabeth W. Lehrer, Travis Gallo, Matthew P. Mulligan, María Jazmín Ríos, Adam A. Ahlers, Julia L. Angstmann, Amy Belaire, Barbara Dugelby, Ashley Gramza, Laurel Hartley, Brandon Macdougall, Travis J. Ryan, Carmen M. Salsbury, Heather Sander, Christopher Schell, Kelly Simon, Sarah St. Onge, David Drake

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Research on urban wildlife can help promote coexistence and guide future interactions between humans and wildlife in developed regions, but most such investigations are limited to short-term, single-species studies, typically conducted within a single city. This restricted focus prevents scientists from recognizing global patterns and first principles regarding urban wildlife behavior and ecol- ogy. To overcome these limitations, we have designed a pioneering research network, the Urban Wildlife Information Network (UWIN), whereby partners collaborate across several cities to systematically collect data to populate long-term datasets on multiple species in urban areas. Data collected via UWIN support analyses that will enable …

Mississippi River And Campeche Bank (Gulf Of Mexico) Episodes Of Cross-Shelf Export Of Coastal Waters Observed With Satellites, Daniel Otis, Matthieu Le Hénaff, Vassiliki H. Kourafalou, Lucas Mceachron, Frank Muller-Karger

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The cross-shelf advection of coastal waters into the deep Gulf of Mexico is important for the transport of nutrients or potential pollutants. Twenty years of ocean color satellite imagery document such cross-shelf transport events via three export pathways in the Gulf of Mexico: from the Campeche Bank toward the central Gulf, from the Campeche Bank toward the Florida Straits, and from the Mississippi Delta to the Florida Straits. A catalog of these events was created based on the visual examination of 7280 daily satellite images. Water transport from the Campeche Bank to the central Gulf occurred frequently and with no …

Towards Comprehensive Observing And Modeling Systems For Monitoring And Predicting Regional To Coastal Sea Level, Rui M. Ponte, Mark Carson, Mauro Cirano, Catia M. Domingues, Svetlana Jevrejeva, Marta Marcos, Gary Mitchum, De Wal, Van De Wal, Philip L. Woodworth, Michaël Ablain, Fabrice Ardhuin, Valérie Ballu, Mélanie Becker, Jérôme Benveniste, Florence Birol, Elizabeth Bradshaw, Anny Cazenave, Mey-Frémaux, P. De Mey-Frémaux, Fabien Durand, Tal Ezer, Lee-Lueng Fu, Ichiro Fukumori, Kathy Gordon, Médéric Gravelle, Stephen M. Griffies, Weiqing Han, Angela Hibbert, Chris W. Hughes, Déborah Idier, Villy H. Kourafalou, Christopher M. Little, Andrew Matthews, Angélique Melet, Mark Merrifield, Benoit Meyssignac, Shoshiro Minobe, Thierry Penduff, Nicolas Picot, Christopher Piecuch, Richard D. Ray, Lesley Rickards, Alvaro Santamaría-Gómez, Detlef Stammer, Joanna Staneva, Laurent Testut, Keith Thompson, Philip Thompson, Stefano Vignudelli, Joanne Williams, Simon D. Williams, Guy Wöppelmann, Laure Zanna, Xuebin Zhang

Marine Science Faculty Publications

A major challenge for managing impacts and implementing effective mitigation measures and adaptation strategies for coastal zones affected by future sea level (SL) rise is our limited capacity to predict SL change at the coast on relevant spatial and temporal scales. Predicting coastal SL requires the ability to monitor and simulate a multitude of physical processes affecting SL, from local effects of wind waves and river runoff to remote influences of the large-scale ocean circulation on the coast. Here we assess our current understanding of the causes of coastal SL variability on monthly to multi-decadal timescales, including geodetic, oceanographic and …

Climate-Smart Practices For Improvement Of Crop Yields In Mid-Hills Of Nepal, Roshan Subedi, Laxmi Dutt Bhatta, Erica Udas, Nand Kishor Agrawal, Keshab Datta Joshi, Dinesh Panday

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Farming in Nepal mostly represents the hill farming system with the dominance of small-holder farmers. In recent days, farmers in the country are impacted by climate change. Events of surface runoff, landslides, and soil erosions, along with changes in rainfall pattern and intensity have elevated a decline in crop productivity and soil fertility. Considering the situation, a pilot project on Resilient Mountain Village was implemented in Kavrepalanchowk district of Nepal from 2014–2016 with a participatory approach to demonstrate climate-smart practices. These practices include the application of locally prepared bio-fertilizer (named as “jholmal”), green manuring in rice (Oryza sativa L.) …

Effects Of Invasive Trees On Native Floodplain Forest Vegetation & Breeding Bird, Jacob Myers

Sustainable RIVER

No abstract provided.

A Changed River's Effects On Native Turtle Distribution, Marshall Kim

Sustainable RIVER

No abstract provided.

Suspended Sediment Contributions Of Nebraska Tributaries Along The 59-Mile, Nathan Cardona

Sustainable RIVER

No abstract provided.

The Importance Of Aquatic Insect-Derived Missouri River, Katy A. Mccarthy

Sustainable RIVER

No abstract provided.

Perceptions Of Multifunctional Landscapes Along The Missouri National Recreational River, Ann Mcgehrin

Sustainable RIVER

No abstract provided.

The Drones' Impact On Precision Agriculture, Ibrahim Naji

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

A study to assess the overall impact of drones in the agricultural sector. The specific goal of this research was to provide a drone system to ward off pestering birds from crops to allow for better growth and an increased yield. Along with providing a user-friendly coded drone system for farmers that is cost effective, this project has inspired other areas of use for the drone.

Lost In Translation: Challenges And Solutions To Language Barriers In Healthcare In Mississippi, Galina Ostrovsky

Honors Theses

Language barriers can impede access to healthcare and compromise quality of care for limited English proficiency (LEP) patients. Although a rights-based framework would suggest and federal mandates require healthcare facilities to provide language access services, multiple factors result in the persistence of language barriers in healthcare. As the literature review shows, these factors include limitations in policy, enforcement, standardization, resources, and ability to recruit and retain professional interpreters. This thesis uses a multi-method case study entailing Mississippi in general and information from two specific sites, a rural Delta county and an urban central county, to assess the issue of language …

Effect Of Harvest Method And Ammoniation Of Baled Corn Residue On Intake And Digestibility In Lambs, Ashley C. Conway, Tasha M. King, Melissa L. Jolly, J. C. Macdonald, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Mary E. Drewnoski

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

To determine the effect of harvest method and ammoniation on both in vivo and in vitro digestibility of corn residue, six corn residue treatments consisting of three different harvest methods either with or without anhydrous ammonia chemical treatment (5.5% of dry matter [DM]) were evaluated. The harvest methods included conventional rake-and-bale (CONV) and New Holland Cornrower with eight rows (8ROW) or two rows (2ROW) of corn stalks chopped into the windrow containing the tailings (leaf, husk, and upper stem) from eight rows of harvested corn (ammoniated bales of each harvest method resulted in treatments COVAM, 8RAM, and 2RAM). Nine crossbred …