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Animals In Biomedical Research: The Undermining Effect Of The Rhetoric Of The Besieged, John P. Gluck, Steven R. Kubacki

Experimentation Collection

It is correctly asserted that the intensity of the current debate over the use of animals in biomedical research is unprecedented. The extent of expressed animosity and distrust has stunned many researchers. In response, researchers have tended to take a strategic defensive posture, which involves the assertation of several abstract positions that serve to obstruct resolution of the debate. Those abstractions include the notions that the animal protection movement is trivial and purely anti-intellectual in scope, that all science is good (and some especially so), and the belief that an ethical consensus can never really be reached between the parties.

Stimulus Response Coupling In Auxin Action, K. R. Libbenga

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

This paper not available at time of printing.

Back Cover

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Iowa Academy Of Science Directory, 1991-92: Officers, Committees, And Membership Roster, Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Contents:

Board of Directors ... 5
Program Directors ... 6
Editors ... 6
Committees ... 8
Sections ... 21
Awards of Merit ... 26
Excellence in Science Teaching Awards ... 28
Past Presidents ... 30
Membership Roster ... 31

Integrating Cognitive Ethology With Cognitive Psychology, Sonja I. Yoerg, Alan Kamil

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

Cognitive ethology has been defined by Griffin (1978,1981, 1984) as the study of mental experiences in animals, restricting the domain of the field to phenomena thought to reveal intentionality, awareness, and conscious thinking. We argue that attempts to study these processes, while revealing impressive behavioral complexity, have proven unsuccessful in establishing the importance of mental experiences in determining animal behavior primarily because of the intractability of the problem. We suggest a different approach that draws upon the rich theory and sophisticated methodology of human and animal cognitive psychology while retaining an ecological and evolutionary perspective. Brief accounts of the conceptual …

Front Matter

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Journal Of The Iowa Academy Of Science Submission Form And Instruction Sheet

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Annual Report Of The Iowa Academy Of Science, 1989-90, Paul E. Rider

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Starting in 1976, annual reports have served as a continuing record of the activities of the Iowa Academy of Science. These augment a 100 year history of the Academy which was written in the centennial year of 1975.

This report covers the period from July 1, 1989 to June 30, 1990. It is based on the official records of the Academy (committee reports, Board minutes, correspondence) as well as the recollections, impressions and musings of the author.

Comparison Of Mass Selection And S1 Testing Recurrent-Selection Methods In Sorghum, R. E. Secrist, R. E. Atkins

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Mass selection and S₁ testing are often used for the improvement of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] populations. Both recurrent selection methods have a place in applied breeding programs and should be used where they are likely to be most advantageous. S₁ families of a random-mating sorghum population mass selected three cycles (C3) for individual-panicle weight [IAP1R(M)C3] were compared with S₁ families from a population (C3) advanced from the same base (CO) population by using replicated yield tests in each cycle [ IAP4R(S₁)C3]. Our objectives were to compare the performance in C3 of families developed …

Estimates Of Quantitative Genetic Parameters M Iap2b(M) Random-Mating Sorghum Population, A. J. Maves, R. E. Atkins

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Random-mating populations of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] are used extensively as germ plasm in the development of parental lines for hybrids. Populations improved by recurrent selection provide a useful source for the selection of superior parental lines. Our objective was to determine the effectiveness of mass selection for threshed-panicle weight by comparing the performance of lines (S₁ families) chosen randomly from CO and C4 of sorghum population IAP2B. Sixty S₁ families from each cycle were grown in five Iowa environments.

Four cycles of selection for panicle weight shifted the mean for grain yield favorably, and the range …

Radon In Iowa Homes: Results Of Screening Measurements, Laurent Hodges, Lynne Gillette

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Homeowner-initiated short-term radon screening measurements in Iowa homes show that only about 30% of the homes have low enough radon levels - below 148 Bq/m (4.0 pC1/L) - that no follow-up measurements are necessary. Over 6 percent of the homes have screening measurements in excess of 740 Bq/m³ (20 pCi/L), a level at which prompt follow-up measurements are recommended. In all parts of the state, the range of radon results extends from low levels (below 37 Bq/m³ = 1 pCi/L) to high levels (above 740 Bq/m³). The average radon results tend to be higher than the …

Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Front Matter

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Auxin-Regulated Gene Expression, Tom J. Guilfoyle

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

A number of cDNA clones to independent mRNAs that increase in amount after brief exposure to auxins have been isolated. From soybean, sequenced, and characterized. Increases in mRNA abundance can be detected as early as 2.5 minutes after auxin application to excised elongating regions of soybean hypocotyls. Increased transcription rates on the genes which encode the auxin-responsive mRNAs account, at least partly, for the accumulation of mRNAs. A variety of auxins induce the accumulation of the mRNAs, but other plant hormones have no effect on the mRNA abundance. Some of the genes which encode the mRNAs are clustered in the …

Hormonal Regulation Of Gene Expression M The Aleurone Layers Of Cereal Grains, Tuan-Hua David Ho

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

The aleurone layers of cereal grains offer a convenient system for studies of the molecular action of two plant hormones, gibberellins (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Gibberellins induce the synthesis of ix-amylase and several other hydrolytice enzymes. The action of GA is essentially at the transcriptional level, it enhances the level of steady-state levels of ix-amylase mRNAs, the rate of transcription of ᴕ-amylase genes and the activity of a trans-acting factor which interacts with specific regions of ix-amylase genes. Abscisic acid antagonizes the effect of GA by inhibiting the induction of hydrolytic enzymes, yet the effect of ABA itself is …

The Future Of Lasers And Laser Applications, William C. Stwalley

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Lasers are increasingly used in· an astounding variety of scientific, engineering, medical and commercial applications. Here the prospective improvements in lasers will first be addressed, e.g., improvements in wavelength range, tunability, pulse duration, efficiency, cost, etc.

Laser applications will then be briefly surveyed, including selected topics involving basic research, materials processing, analytical and diagnostic applications, information transmission and storage, measurement and alignment and photochemical and biomedical application.

Relative Abundance Of Eastern Screech-Owls In A South-Central Iowa Township, David E. Geus, John B. Bowles

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Roadside playback surveys of Eastern Screech-Owls were conducted each spring and fall from September 1984 through April 1986 in Summit Township, Marion County, Iowa. An average of 18 screech-owls were located during each survey, often near riparian woodland. Screech-owl population densities (0.1-0.2 owls/km²) were comparable to those in other regions.

Lxodes Dammini (Acari, Ixodidae) And Borrelia Burgdorferi In Iowa, Mark G. Novak, Wayne A. Rowley, Kenneth B. Platt, David M. Bartholomew, Michelle D. Senne

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

A statewide study to evaluate the presence, distribution and abundance of the deer tick, Ixodes dammini, and the spirochete, Borrelia burgdorfen, in Iowa was initiated in 1989. Six hundred and seventy-one tick collections were received from health professionals, conservation employees and concerned citizens. Additional ticks were obtained by flagging, small mammal trapping and deer checks in selected areas of Iowa. Nine I. dammini were collected in 1989 from seven counties in the eastern half of the state. Six of these were tested for B. burgdorferi and all were negative. Flagging, small mammal trapping and deer checks in eastern Iowa failed …

Cover - Table Of Contents

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Solid Substrate Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Of Phenothiazine And Related Compounds, William D. Savage, Ronald T. Pflaum, Catherine Hinga Haustein

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

The room-temperature phosphorescence characteristics of phenothiazine, phenothiazine-based pharmaceuticals, and related compounds are presented. It was found that substitution onto the parent ring produces little variation in RTP excitation and emission wavelengths, but electron withdrawing substituents reduce RTP intensity. Procedures for the determination of procaine and promethazine in urine and clorpromazine in whole blood are presented.

Genetic Variation Among And Within S1 Progenies Of Maize, R. J. Getschman, A. R. Hallauer

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Inbred line development consumes a great portion of the breeder's time and resources in maize (Zea mays L.) breeding programs. Source populations for line development often are developed by selfing F2 populations developed from elite line crosses. Visual selection is practiced among and within selfed progenies during the selection process for one or two generations before evaluated in testcrosses for combining ability. Effective discrimination among and within inbred and testcross progenies depends on the amount of genetic variation present. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of selection among and within S₁ progenies developed from crosses …

Area-Dependent Changes In Bird Densities In Iowa Marshes, Mike Brown, James J. Dinsmore

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Species richness and density of Iowa marsh birds were positively correlated with marsh area, but area accounted for 69% of the variation in species richness and only 19% of the variation in density. Although densities of five of nine species examined correlated with marsh area, total density was not significantly correlated with area when the effects of species richness were eliminated. Area was the most frequent significant variable in regression equations for species richness, total density, and the densities of nine individual species on six variables. Unlike species-area relationships, density-area relationships are relatively weak, and knowledge of other ecological factors …

Front Matter

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Heating Degree Days In Iowa Relative To Home Natural Gas Consumption, Conservation Efforts, And Long-Term Trends, Richard E. Carlson

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

A methodology is presented to assess the effectiveness of conservation efforts relative to home heating. Billing period heating degree days and natural gas consumption relationships are established for a typical household for nineteen heating seasons using simple linear regression. Associated correlations (r² values) were greater than 0. 95 for nineteen different seasons. Regression coefficients (b₀ and b₁) were found to decrease with time indicating reduced natural gas consumption due to conservation efforts. Procedures are presented to illustrate dollar savings relative to conservation efforts using the regression relationships. Long-term trends for heating degree days at the Ames, …

Food Habits Of The Northern Saw-Whet Owl In Central Iowa: Effects Of Roost Location, Stephen J. Dinsmore, William R. Clark

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

During the period 1979-89, 900 northern saw-whet owl (Aegolius acadicus) pellets with identifable remains of prey were collected at 18 central Iowa locations. Peromyscus were the most frequent prey consumed, comprising 81.2% of all prey items. Other prey species were voles (Microtus), western harvest mice (Reithrodontomys megalotis), shrews (Blarina brevicauda, Sorex cinereus, and Cryptotis parva), and a single unidentified bird. Peromyscus comprised the largest proportion of pellets from different successional stages. There were significant differences for four prey groups (Peromyscus, Microtus, Reithrodontomys, and shrews) among years. Peromyscus and R. megalotis showed significant differences among locations. Microtus and shrews were variable …

Studies Of The Precambrian Geology Of Iowa: Part 3. Geochronologic Data For The Matlock Drill Holes, W. R. Van Schmus, E. T. Wallin

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

U-Pb ages have been determined for quartz monzodiorite (2,535 ± 5Ma) recovered from drill hole ClO and for keratophyre (1,782±10 Ma) recovered from drill hole C5 of the Matlock exploration project. Sm-Nd whole-rock analyses for several rock types from the Otter Creek layered mafic complex recovered from several drill holes of the Matlock project yield an isochron age of 2,890 ± 90 Ma, with an ϵNd(t) of -0.9 ± 2.4. These ages document crustal evolution in northwest Iowa, including the southern margin of the Superior Province, over more than one billion years from 2.9 to 1.8 Ga. Isotopic data also …

Cover - Table Of Contents

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Back Cover

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Cover - Table Of Contents

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Part I - Papers Presented At The 1989 Plant Science Lecture Series

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

The first six titles in this issue of the Journal of Iowa Academy of Science are papers presented at the 1989 edition of the Plant Science Lecture Series held annually at Iowa State University. This lecture series focuses each year on some aspect of plant biology, and each series is composed of six to eight seminars related to a theme that is selected to be timely and related to improvement of field, forage, forest and horticultural crops.