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Lead Fishing-Net Weights From The ‘Fisherman’S Grave,’ Akhziv (Hebrew, Pp. 9*–17*; English Summary, Pp. 242–243), Jacob Sharvit Jan 2025

Lead Fishing-Net Weights From The ‘Fisherman’S Grave,’ Akhziv (Hebrew, Pp. 9*–17*; English Summary, Pp. 242–243), Jacob Sharvit

'Atiqot

Some 73 lead fishing-net weights were found within a milk bowl in a Late Bronze Age II grave in the eastern Akhziv burial ground. Fishing nets, and the lead weights attached to them, are one of the earliest forms of fishing equipment, and have been used by Mediterranean fishermen for thousands of years. Thus, identifying and dating the weights is particularly difficult. The find of the lead weights in a sealed archaeological context in the Akhziv grave is especially important, because here they can be identified and dated, and a typological database can be constructed. Based on a comparison between …


A Late Bronze Age Ii Settlement On The Southern Beach Of Ashdod (Pp. 133–141), Yonatan Nadelman Jan 2025

A Late Bronze Age Ii Settlement On The Southern Beach Of Ashdod (Pp. 133–141), Yonatan Nadelman

'Atiqot

The excavation took place on a kurkar hill overlooking the sea. Four squares were opened on the southern slope, and settlement deposits of the Late Bronze Age II were revealed, without any architectural elements. A ceramic figurine was found. The vessels that were found at the site seem to indicate a single-period LB II settlement. The fabrics point to a number of sources, local (Canaanite) and foreign (Cypriot, Mycenaean and possibly Egyptian). This international character is clearly in keeping with the general picture of the period.


An Intermediate Bronze Age Settlement And A Middle Bronze Age Ii Cemetery At The ‘Third Mile Estate’, Ashqelon (Pp. 143–165), Tali Erickson-Gini, Yigal Israel Jan 2025

An Intermediate Bronze Age Settlement And A Middle Bronze Age Ii Cemetery At The ‘Third Mile Estate’, Ashqelon (Pp. 143–165), Tali Erickson-Gini, Yigal Israel

'Atiqot

A salvage excavation was conducted on the eastern slopes of a kurkar ridge that runs parallel to the Mediterranean shoreline. The excavation revealed remains from the Intermediate Bronze Age and Middle Bronze Age II. Architectural remnants of the Intermediate Bronze Age (2200–2000 BCE) comprise a ‘cluster’ of round or oval rooms, constructed of mud bricks. The pottery assemblage from the site is characteristic of the Intermediate Bronze Age in southern Canaan. Sixteen pit graves dating to MB II were discovered in three clusters. The inhabitants buried here may have lived in a satellite settlement of the MB II fortified city …


Botanical Remains From The Excavation On The Southern Beach Of Ashdod (Pp. 127–131), Yoel Melamed Jan 2025

Botanical Remains From The Excavation On The Southern Beach Of Ashdod (Pp. 127–131), Yoel Melamed

'Atiqot

Carbonized remains of seeds and fruit mixed with sand were collected in Areas A and B of the Late Bronze Age site (thirteenth century BCE) on the southern beach of Ashdod. The majority of the identified remains were of grapes; other species are represented by a few seeds.


A Late Bronze Age Cemetery On The Coast Of Palmahim (Pp. 9–57), Eli Yannai, Ram Gophna, Shmuel Liphshitz, Yuval Liphshitz Jan 2025

A Late Bronze Age Cemetery On The Coast Of Palmahim (Pp. 9–57), Eli Yannai, Ram Gophna, Shmuel Liphshitz, Yuval Liphshitz

'Atiqot

A total of 23 tombs were excavated in the Palmahim Northern Cemetery, located on the shore, some 200 m south of Naḥal Soreq’s outlet to the Mediterranean Sea, just north of Yavne-Yam. The tombs were hewn in bedrock and lined with stone slabs, a method of burial that is almost unique in the Late Bronze Age in Israel. The pottery from the Northern Cemetery was in a fine state of preservation, pointing to various production techniques, such as knife-paring, slipping, burnishing and painting. The assemblage, dating between the late fourteenth and the beginning of the thirteenth centuries BCE, includes local …


A Thirteenth-Century Bce Site On The Southern Beach Of Ashdod (With Contributions By Yossi Nagar, Shlomit Israeli, Hamoudi Khalaily, Dror Segal And Israel Carmi, Dalia Hakker-Orion, Eldad Barzilay, Pirhiya Nahshoni And Eyal Tishler) (Pp. 59–122), Pirhiya Nahshoni Jan 2025

A Thirteenth-Century Bce Site On The Southern Beach Of Ashdod (With Contributions By Yossi Nagar, Shlomit Israeli, Hamoudi Khalaily, Dror Segal And Israel Carmi, Dalia Hakker-Orion, Eldad Barzilay, Pirhiya Nahshoni And Eyal Tishler) (Pp. 59–122), Pirhiya Nahshoni

'Atiqot

The site is located approximately 4 km west of Tel Ashdod, about 50 m from the shoreline. Two areas were excavated: in Area A, installations identified as winepresses, as well as occupation levels, were found; in Area B, a mud-brick complex was uncovered. One tomb (T1) was discovered, and traces indicating the presence of other tombs were discerned north of the site. In the building and in the vicinity of the winepresses numerous pottery sherds were found, of locally-produced vessels, as well as Cypriot, Mycenean and Egyptian imports. Other finds included an Egyptian scarab, spindle whorls and loomweights, metal fishhooks, …


A Crusader-Period Bathhouse In ‘Akko (Acre) (With A Contribution By Danny Syon) (Pp. 71–108), Howard Smithline, Edna J. Stern Jan 2025

A Crusader-Period Bathhouse In ‘Akko (Acre) (With A Contribution By Danny Syon) (Pp. 71–108), Howard Smithline, Edna J. Stern

'Atiqot

A Crusader-period bathhouse, which was exposed in the Montmusard suburb north of the Crusader city wall, is the first large verifiable Crusader-period structure to be found in this area. It was constructed directly upon remains of the Hellenistic city, with no intervening occupation levels. The bathhouse, only partially preserved in its western part, is of the hypocaust type, comprising a furnace, a storage and stoking room, a northern hot room and a larger eastern hot room. Its eastern part was very poorly preserved due to extensive stone robbing during the Ottoman period. The finds include fragmentary ceramic vessels, water pipes …


Remains Of A Byzantine And Early Islamic Rural Settlement At The Be’Er Sheva‘ North Train Station (With Contributions By Natalya Katsnelson And Moshe Sade) (Hebrew, Pp. 51*–76*; English Summary, Pp. 140–142), Yigal Israel, Gregory Seriy, Oded Feder Jan 2025

Remains Of A Byzantine And Early Islamic Rural Settlement At The Be’Er Sheva‘ North Train Station (With Contributions By Natalya Katsnelson And Moshe Sade) (Hebrew, Pp. 51*–76*; English Summary, Pp. 140–142), Yigal Israel, Gregory Seriy, Oded Feder

'Atiqot

Two areas were excavated, uncovering the remains of four buildings (Buildings 100, 200, 300 and 400). Building 100, a watchtower, was probably erected during the Byzantine period. Building 300, a farmhouse, included a kitchen, in which two ovens were constructed; numerous pottery vessels date the building to the late Byzantine and Early Islamic periods. The building also yielded fragments of glass vessels, a fragment of a small iron pruning-knife and archaezoological finds. Building 400, the corner of a farmhouse, included pottery from the end of the Byzantine period. Building 200, probably from the beginning of the Early Islamic period, included …


Butchers’ Waste: Zooarchaeological Analysis Of A Crusader/Ayyubid Bone Deposit From Jerusalem Street, Safed (Zefat) (Pp. 99*–109*), Guy Bar-Oz, Noa Raban-Gerstel Jan 2025

Butchers’ Waste: Zooarchaeological Analysis Of A Crusader/Ayyubid Bone Deposit From Jerusalem Street, Safed (Zefat) (Pp. 99*–109*), Guy Bar-Oz, Noa Raban-Gerstel

'Atiqot

A small assemblage of 162 complete and fragmentary bones was retrieved from strata dated to the second half of the twelfth–thirteenth centuries CE. The faunal remains comprise predominantly domesticated livestock: sheep and goat (most frequent) as well as domestic fowl, cattle, an equid, a pig and a dog. In addition, a single shell fragment of a tortoise and two fish head-fragments were identified. The anatomical representation of sheep/goat skeletal elements seems to indicate a context of a butcher’s shop. The absence of burnt bones further attests to the excavated refuse being principally the leftovers of butchery deposits. More than 38% …


An Iron Age Cemetery And Other Remains At Yavne (With A Contribution By Danny Syon)(Pp. 1*–33*), Raz Kletter, Yossi Nagar Jan 2025

An Iron Age Cemetery And Other Remains At Yavne (With A Contribution By Danny Syon)(Pp. 1*–33*), Raz Kletter, Yossi Nagar

'Atiqot

Excavations at Yavne, on the plain immediately north of the ancient tell, uncovered finds from several periods: small finds from the Early and Middle Bronze Ages; a Late Bronze Age tomb; an Iron Age cemetery; and scanty remains from the Byzantine and Ottoman periods. The Iron Age cemetery comprised 28 tombs and graves. This large, dense cemetery provides significant archaeological evidence of the Philistine city of Yavne during the tenth–eighth centuries BCE.


A Magical Amulet From The Cemetery On Sallah Ed-Din Street, Jerusalem (Pp. 127–132), Gabriel Mazor Jan 2025

A Magical Amulet From The Cemetery On Sallah Ed-Din Street, Jerusalem (Pp. 127–132), Gabriel Mazor

'Atiqot

A magical amulet, discovered in a burial cave within the Roman-period cemetery on Sallah ed-Din Street, is made from cobalt glass and is of fair workmanship. The amulet is engraved on the obverse with the image of Artemis/Diana in a frontal hunting posture, and on the reverse, with Greek letters. This finding supports the assumption that the cave may have served the family of a Roman veteran of the Tenth Legion, who resided in Aelia Capitolina sometime during the second–third centuries CE.


Faunal Remains From The 1994–1996 Excavations At The Temple Mount, Jerusalem (Pp. 19–34), Ronny Reich, Ya'akov Billig, Dalia Hakker-Orion, Omri Lernau Jan 2025

Faunal Remains From The 1994–1996 Excavations At The Temple Mount, Jerusalem (Pp. 19–34), Ronny Reich, Ya'akov Billig, Dalia Hakker-Orion, Omri Lernau

'Atiqot

This study focused on the faunal remains (N = 3618) retrieved from three strata unearthed above the Second Temple-period stone-paved road along the southern part of the western wall of the Temple Mount. The three strata date to the Early Roman (first century BCE and first century CE–70 CE; Stratum 4), the Late Roman–Byzantine (second–sixth centuries CE; Stratum 3) and the Early Islamic (seventh–eighth centuries CE; Stratum 2) periods. The faunal remains from the Early Roman period reflect the large amounts of waste created by the various populations in the city, with a predominance of Jewish pilgrims. Following the destruction …


Marble Items From The Late Byzantine Buildings Along The Eastern Fringes Of Tel Shiqmona (Hebrew, Pp. 135–142; English Summary, P. 96*), Ira Barash Jan 2025

Marble Items From The Late Byzantine Buildings Along The Eastern Fringes Of Tel Shiqmona (Hebrew, Pp. 135–142; English Summary, P. 96*), Ira Barash

'Atiqot

Marble items found in the excavation at Tel Shiqmona include fragments of chancel screens, one of them decorated with the head of an animal—a ram or sheep; Corinthian capitals, characteristic of the fifth–sixth centuries CE; a column; carved items; and pavers and wall liners. Most of the marble items were found in a building that was probably a church, located in Area D/E.


Three Persian-Period Metallic Finger Rings From Burial Cave 2, South Ḥorbat Tittora (Pp. 33*–40*), Baruch Brandl Jan 2025

Three Persian-Period Metallic Finger Rings From Burial Cave 2, South Ḥorbat Tittora (Pp. 33*–40*), Baruch Brandl

'Atiqot

Three metal finger rings were found in a repository in a burial cave, excavated at South Ḥorbat Tittora. The rings are all-metal products, and they are relatively well-preserved. They were dated to the Persian period (fifth–fourth centuries BCE), based on their shape, decoration and excavated parallels. They comprise a welcome addition to the relatively small number of all-metal rings from the Persian period that has been found in the country.


“The Lord Will Roar From Zion” (Amos 1:2): The Lion As A Divine Attribute On A Jerusalem Seal And Other Hebrew Glyptic Finds From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations (Pp. 1*–13*), Tallay Ornan, Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah, Shua Kisilevitz, Benjamin Sass Jan 2025

“The Lord Will Roar From Zion” (Amos 1:2): The Lion As A Divine Attribute On A Jerusalem Seal And Other Hebrew Glyptic Finds From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations (Pp. 1*–13*), Tallay Ornan, Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah, Shua Kisilevitz, Benjamin Sass

'Atiqot

A stamp seal bearing the image of a roaring lion and a Hebrew legend was found during the excavations of the Western Wall Plaza, Jerusalem. It is the first seal with a lion motif to be published from Iron Age II Jerusalem, and one of only a few from Judah bearing a lion motif. Two other glyptic finds include a fragment of a scaraboid, inscribed in Hebrew, and a bulla, with a palmette and traces of a Hebrew inscription. These finds are an important addition to the growing corpus of both inscribed and uninscribed seals that have been unearthed in …


A Graeco-Egyptian Amulet From Nysa-Scythopolis (Bet She’An) (Pp. 89*–92*), Gabriel Mazor Jan 2025

A Graeco-Egyptian Amulet From Nysa-Scythopolis (Bet She’An) (Pp. 89*–92*), Gabriel Mazor

'Atiqot

A magical amulet was found in the Roman-Byzantine civic center of Nysa-Scythopolis (Bet She’an). It is made of cobalt glass and engraved with an intaglio design on the obverse and an incised Greek inscription on the reverse. The amulet is related to digestive healing practices that prevailed in the Graeco-Roman world. Medical amulets of this type were widespread and are generally dated to the Roman period (second–third centuries CE); however, an early Byzantine dating for similar amulets has also been suggested. It seems reasonable that magical amulets of the Graeco-Egyptian type were still in use or even newly manufactured, either …


The Archaeozoological Finds From Khirbat El-Thahiriya (Pp. 79*–81*), Moshe Sade Jan 2025

The Archaeozoological Finds From Khirbat El-Thahiriya (Pp. 79*–81*), Moshe Sade

'Atiqot

The faunal assemblage from Khirbat el-Thahiriya is mostly domestic, attesting that the main branch of economy at this settlement was sheep/goat herding. The hen/cock category comprises an unusually high percentage of the assemblage, suggesting that these birds also played an important role in the economy of the site. The wild species comprise birds, Trigger fish, fish and mole.


Khirbat Za‘Kuka: An Iron Age I Site Between Jerusalem And Bethlehem (Pp. 1*–20*), Emanuel Eisenberg Jan 2025

Khirbat Za‘Kuka: An Iron Age I Site Between Jerusalem And Bethlehem (Pp. 1*–20*), Emanuel Eisenberg

'Atiqot

Salvage excavations at the site exposed a pillared house, characteristic of Iron Age I settlements in the Central Hill Country. The finds indicate that the ground floor of the building was used for storage, food processing and other daily activities and the residential space was probably on the second floor. A round oil press was unearthed in the western part of the building. It is a simple, domestic installation, typical of Iron Age I. Two bell-shaped pits, hollowed in the bedrock, were apparently used to store agricultural products. Seven cisterns recorded at the site probably belonged to the settlement and …


The Pottery From Ḥorbat Biz‘A (Pp. 33*–47*), Peter Gendelman Jan 2025

The Pottery From Ḥorbat Biz‘A (Pp. 33*–47*), Peter Gendelman

'Atiqot

A salvage excavation on the outskirts of Ḥorbat Biz‘a uncovered a large quantity of pottery from the Roman and Byzantine periods. The pottery was ascribed to three well-dated ceramic assemblages, in correlation with the stratigraphy at the site: first–early second centuries CE; Late Roman period (late third–fourth centuries CE); and Byzantine period (until the late sixth–seventh centuries CE). All three assemblages present a small number of fine tableware and cooking wares, and a large quantity of storage vessels, pointing to the industrial nature of the site.


Ashqelon (Al-Nabi Hussein): Evidence For The Burial Of Jews, Christians And Pagans In A Late Roman-Period Burial Ground (Hebrew, Pp. 87–111; English Summary, P. 88*), Shlomo Kol-Ya’Akov, Yoav Farhi Jan 2025

Ashqelon (Al-Nabi Hussein): Evidence For The Burial Of Jews, Christians And Pagans In A Late Roman-Period Burial Ground (Hebrew, Pp. 87–111; English Summary, P. 88*), Shlomo Kol-Ya’Akov, Yoav Farhi

'Atiqot

At the al-Nabi Hussein site in Ashqelon, three areas were excavated (A–C), exposing four tombs and a pit. One square tomb in Area A comprised two burial chambers, each containing a primary-burial skeleton. The meager finds included pottery, a glass bottle and metal objects. Two additional tombs (I, II) and a plastered pit were exposed in Area B. Tomb I was the richest in finds, including pottery vessels and oil lamps, glass and carnelian artifacts, metal objects and three fourth-century CE coins. The pit was plastered, its floor made of marble slabs with a pottery vessel in its center. It …


Development And Validation Of Rapid Edna Detection Method For Yellow Mud Turtle, Kinosternon Flavescens: A Field Study In South Texas, Usa, Sakib Tahmid Rishan, Richard Kline, Md Saydur Rahman Jan 2025

Development And Validation Of Rapid Edna Detection Method For Yellow Mud Turtle, Kinosternon Flavescens: A Field Study In South Texas, Usa, Sakib Tahmid Rishan, Richard Kline, Md Saydur Rahman

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The conservation of freshwater turtle species depends on precise and effective monitoring techniques. Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is a potential method for identifying cryptic and elusive turtle species in aquatic ecosystems. eDNA analysis can help to identify key regions for conservation efforts and monitor changes in population levels over time. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a rapid eDNA detection method for the yellow mud turtle (Kinosternon flavescens, an indicator species that is endangered in some states in the USA), which inhabits local oxbow lakes (e.g., resacas) in Cameron County, South Texas. A species-specific nested PCR …


Inhibition Of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Perk/Atf4 Er Stress Signaling Protects Against Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms, Brennan Callow, Xiaobing He, Nicholas Juriga, Kevin D Mangum, Amrita Joshi, Xianying Xing, Andrea Obi, Abhijnan Chattopadhyay, Dianna M Milewicz, Mary X O'Riordan, Johann Gudjonsson, Katherine Gallagher, Frank M Davis Jan 2025

Inhibition Of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Perk/Atf4 Er Stress Signaling Protects Against Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms, Brennan Callow, Xiaobing He, Nicholas Juriga, Kevin D Mangum, Amrita Joshi, Xianying Xing, Andrea Obi, Abhijnan Chattopadhyay, Dianna M Milewicz, Mary X O'Riordan, Johann Gudjonsson, Katherine Gallagher, Frank M Davis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are a life-threatening cardiovascular disease for which there is a lack of effective therapy preventing aortic rupture. During AAA formation, pathological vascular remodeling is driven by vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction and apoptosis, for which the mechanisms regulating loss of VSMCs within the aortic wall remain poorly defined. Using single-cell RNA-Seq of human AAA tissues, we identified increased activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway, PERK/eIF2α/ATF4, in aortic VSMCs resulting in upregulation of an apoptotic cellular response. Mechanistically, we reported that aberrant TNF-α activity within the aortic wall induces VSMC ATF4 activation through the …


Animal Bone Remains From Fassuta (Pp. 51–52), Liora Kolska Horwitz Jan 2025

Animal Bone Remains From Fassuta (Pp. 51–52), Liora Kolska Horwitz

'Atiqot

A total of 39 animal bones were recovered from the Middle Bronze Age tombs at Fassuta. The bone sample, although small, closely resembles fauna recovered from contemporary tombs in the country. The remains of domestic sheep and goats are most common in the assemblage, with immature animals predominant.


Middle Bronze Age Tombs At Fassuta (Pp. 17–42), Lilly Gershuni, Mordechai Aviam Jan 2025

Middle Bronze Age Tombs At Fassuta (Pp. 17–42), Lilly Gershuni, Mordechai Aviam

'Atiqot

Located in the northern upper Galilee, the ancient site was established on a hill named Fasil Danyal, in the vicinity of which are several springs. A salvage excavation was undertaken in two built tombs, damaged during construction in the village of Fassuta. Tomb 1 is rock-cut, rectangular-shaped and covered with limestone slabs. It contained pottery vessels, metal artifacts — among them weapons and a bronze belt and buckle — and a steatite scarab of Neferhotep I (an heirloom). Tomb 2 is much smaller, consisting of only a modest content, including a votive bowl. The tombs were probably part of a …


Two Horn-Shaped Glass Vessels From The Ancient Cemetery At Migdal Ha-‘Emeq (Pp. 123–126), Yael Gorin-Rosen Jan 2025

Two Horn-Shaped Glass Vessels From The Ancient Cemetery At Migdal Ha-‘Emeq (Pp. 123–126), Yael Gorin-Rosen

'Atiqot

Two horn-shaped vessels, recovered from the Migdal Ha-‘Emeq caves, represent a rare type that was here-to-far known only from collections around the world. Both horns are mold-blown, decorated with ribbing, dating from the fourth to the early fifth centuries CE. As these horns were found in situ, they were dated both on the basis of their typology and archaeological context. It is suggested that the horn-shaped vessels were locally produced in a glass workshop situated in the Lower Galilee.


Tel ‘Afar: A Byzantine Site South Of Caesarea (Pp. 95–118), Martin Peilstöcker Jan 2025

Tel ‘Afar: A Byzantine Site South Of Caesarea (Pp. 95–118), Martin Peilstöcker

'Atiqot

Salvage excavations at Tel ‘Afar, about six kilometers south of Caesarea, unearthed remains dating to the Byzantine period. A massive building was exposed, with square towers at its corners, buttresses on each side and two vaulted openings. The finds from the building and around it clearly date to the Byzantine period, but provide no clue to its use or function. Numerous roof tiles, marble fragments and many tessarae were found in all the excavated areas – they might belong to the building revealed during Porath’s excavations at the site, which he identified as a villa belonging to a wealthy citizen …


Excavations At Or ‘Aqiva (North) (With Contributions By Moshe Sade And Dror Segal And Israel Carmi) (Pp. 51–73), Eli Yannai Jan 2025

Excavations At Or ‘Aqiva (North) (With Contributions By Moshe Sade And Dror Segal And Israel Carmi) (Pp. 51–73), Eli Yannai

'Atiqot

The site is located on the sand dunes north of Naḥal Hadera, two kilometers northeast of Caesarea. Excavations revealed building remains from the Hellenistic period, consisting of limestone foundations with a mud-brick superstructure. Hundreds of potsherds from this period were found, representing a large variety of domestic vessels, as well as metal objects, a hoard of coins and faunal remains. After the Hellenistic settlement was abandoned, a limekiln of the Roman period was constructed in the area. The pottery from the kiln dated to the fourth century CE. A severely damaged winepress, dating to the Byzantine period, was uncovered close …


Late Chalcolithic Burial Remains And Early Bronze Age I Dwelling Remains From A Karstic Cave At Shoham (Northeast) (With Contributions By Yossi Nagar And Nili Liphschitz) (Pp. 1–18), Edwin C.M. Van Den Brink Jan 2025

Late Chalcolithic Burial Remains And Early Bronze Age I Dwelling Remains From A Karstic Cave At Shoham (Northeast) (With Contributions By Yossi Nagar And Nili Liphschitz) (Pp. 1–18), Edwin C.M. Van Den Brink

'Atiqot

Since the 1990s, excavations at Shoham, located at the eastern edge of the Lod Valley, yielded several karstic caves used for burial and dwelling during the Late Chalcolithic period and the Early Bronze Age. One such cave is described in this article. The finds included, inter alia, sherds of rectangular or domiform ceramic ossuaries, V-shaped bowls and some fenestrated pedestal bowls, dating to the Late Chalcolithic period, as well as pottery types typical of Late EB I. The cave is part of a large system of cemeteries comprising karstic caves, which served the population living in nearby settlements on the …


Er-Rujum (Sha‘Alabim East): An Intermediate Bronze Age (Eb Iv) Site In The Ayyalon Valley (Pp. 75–140), Ianir Milevski, Elisabetta Boaretto, Anat Cohen-Weinberger, Elisheva Kamaisky, Hamoudi Khalaily, Nili Liphschitz, Sariel Sade, Sariel Shalev Jan 2025

Er-Rujum (Sha‘Alabim East): An Intermediate Bronze Age (Eb Iv) Site In The Ayyalon Valley (Pp. 75–140), Ianir Milevski, Elisabetta Boaretto, Anat Cohen-Weinberger, Elisheva Kamaisky, Hamoudi Khalaily, Nili Liphschitz, Sariel Sade, Sariel Shalev

'Atiqot

At the site of Er-Rujum, located on the western slopes of the Ramallah Anticline in the northern part of the Ayyalon Valley, an Intermediate Bronze Age site was discovered below Ottoman-period rujums. The architecture at the site comprised broadrooms, with a central space and passages between them, demonstrating similarities with other Intermediate Bronze Age buildings excavated in the Jordan Valley and the Judean Hills. The finds at the site included pottery typical of the Southern Family, dominated by storage jars, flints, groundstone tools, a metal blade and beads, as well as faunal and botanical remains; pottery dating to Middle Bronze …


The Early Bronze Age Iv Site At Sha‘Ar Ha-Golan (With A Contribution By Steven A. Rosen) (Pp. 1–73), Emanuel Eisenberg Jan 2025

The Early Bronze Age Iv Site At Sha‘Ar Ha-Golan (With A Contribution By Steven A. Rosen) (Pp. 1–73), Emanuel Eisenberg

'Atiqot

Excavations undertaken in two separate areas (100, 200) at Sha‘ar Ha-Golan, revealed the remains of domestic structures dating to Early Bronze Age IV. These represent the remains of a single-stratum rural settlement that extended over some 200 dunams, one of the largest settlements of this period that have been exposed so far in the country. The structures are multi-roomed rectilinear buildings, with dwelling units comprising three or more rooms. The plans of the buildings are not unified; most of them have a large central broadroom, its roof sometimes supported by columns, which stood on stone bases. Additional elements, such as …