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Bulletin No. 165 - Labor Costs And Seasonal Distribution Of Labor On Irrigated Crops In Utah Valley, L. G. Connor

UAES Bulletins

This bulletin presents in tabular form the results of a detailed study of the labor cost of crop production, made in 1915. Principally in Utah Lake Valley, Utah, in connection with a study of farm management and farm profits in the Provo area, Utah Lake Valley. It is designed to bring out the weak as well as the strong points in the systems of farming followed. The seasonal distribution of labor is shown for each important crop and the times at which the different crops compete for labor are indicated. The bulletin is intended primarily for the use of farm …

Circular No. 32 - Feeding Farm Animals, W. E. Carroll

UAES Circulars

Our oldest history tells us that in the beginning man was given dominion "over the cattle, and over all the earth." This was of course only potentially possible at first, and could not be realized until man developed and exercised his intelligence to this end. What, then, does it mean to have dominion over the cattle? Is this not merely to control them and direct their energies and productivity to the happiness of mankind? Surely this is so, and that man has greatest dominion who can control them most completely for the good of the race.

Circular No. 33 - A Method Of Feeding Orphan Lambs, W. E. Carroll

UAES Circulars

One of the big preventable losses of the Western sheep business at the present time is the orphan lamb. There are a number of conditions, anyone of which may result in a motherless lamb; the ewe may die (this probably does not occur in a large number of cases) ; a mother may refuse to claim one of a pair of twins or even a single lamb; mother and lamb may become separated by the ordinary moving about of the band of ewes and the ewe thereby loses the scent of the lamb.

The careful shepherd soon detects the orphans, …

Bulletin No. 164 - Factors Affecting The Depth Of Sowing Various Crops, F. S. Harris, H. J. Maughan

UAES Bulletins

Probably no agricultural practice varies more than the depth to which seeds are sown. Some farmers pay very little attention to depth, but simply allow the seed to be placed where the drill happens to penetrate. The percentage germination of the seed as well as the vigor of the young plants is without doubt influenced by the depth of sowing, and certainly these factors are very important in determining the yield of crops.

Boys' And Girls' Club Work : Baby Beef Club, Extension Division, South Dakota State College Of Agriculture And Mechanic Arts And U.S. Department Of Agriculture, Cooperating

SDSU Extension Circulars

The raising and feeding of Baby Beef is the one big coming project in South Dakota. The material increase in the value of farm land is making it impossible to keep feeders to the age of 2 to 3 years before finishing them for market. By careful selection, breeding, feeding, and care an animal can be brought to early maturity and placed on the market in prime condition at from 15 to 20 months of age and bring a higher price per pound than older steers. By marketing beef at the baby stage, much valuable feed is saved on the …

Hog Houses For South Dakota, Ralph L. Patty

SDSU Extension Circulars

Good housing is essential to successful hog raising. While several sows may do fairly well with their litters around an old strawstack or shack under favorable weather conditions, it will pay in the long run to figure on good housing and care, if the business is to show the best profit. The circular attempts to put as much helpful material in as little space as possible for anyone planning to build a hoghouse. If changes are made in the plan the details and suggestions should still be of service. It is hard to make changes of any consequence in a …

The Care Of Pullets For Winter Eggs, E. L. Hayes

SDSU Extension Circulars

It is not difficult to secure fall and winter eggs in profitable numbers if we provide suitable conditions and then try to meet those conditions. Such factors as feed, care and even breeding conditions all enter into egg production, but are somewhat limited when compared with early hatching of pullets. Mature pullets of any of the popular breeds will lay winter eggs and there is probably little difference in their actual productive capacity under favorable conditions. There are, however, marked differences in the various breeds with respect to uniformity of color, size or weight of the eggs produced, as well …

Boys' And Girls' Club Work : Sow-Litter Club, Extension Division, South Dakota State College Of Agriculture And Mechanic Arts And U.S. Department Of Agriculture, Cooperating

SDSU Extension Circulars

The demand for more and a better grade of hogs is heard throughout the entire agricultural section of our country. This can be accomplished through careful selection and breeding, followed by the proper methods of feeding and care. Club boys and girls can do much toward bringing this about by entering the sow-litter club. Not only will they find the work profitable, but they will become interested in animal life and the production of quality in pork as well as quantity.

Common Parasites Of Swine, J. T. E. Dinwoodie

SDSU Extension Circulars

The publication of this bulletin is designed to convey to hog raisers of this state information regarding some of the common parasites of swine. All of the parasites described herein have been found infesting swine within the state. Some of the parasites may be common in some localities, and uncommon in others. Undoubtedly all sections of South Dakota are in danger at any time of experiencing loss from these parasites.

Annual Report Of The Extension Division For The Year Ending June 30, 1918, C. Larsen, I. B. Johnson, H. E. Dawes, W. M. Mair, Agnes Morton, P. J. Scarbro, Roberta Mcneill, T. A. Meehan, Ward Ostrander, A. E. Miller, W. C. Boardman, G. E. Morrison, R. L. Patty, F. E. Mccall, J. T. E. Dinwoodie, Manley Champlin, J. G. Hutton, A. H. Sherwood, Joe Hill, C. S. Reddy, A. N. Hume, H. C. Gilbert, Ed L. Hayes

SDSU Extension Circulars

The past year has been one of unusual activity along the various phases of agricultural extension. South Dakota had a program of extension mapped out in accordance with the provisions of the South Dakota law enacted in 1915 and 1917, and also in accordance with the federal Smith-Lever Act passed by Congress in May, 1914. With the declaration of war, Congress and those officials in immediate responsibility realized the great importance of supplying our armies and allies with food. In order to speed up the food production program, Congress made an emergency appropriation. This enabled the States, Relations Service to …

Bulletin No. 163 - Composition Of The Irrigation Waters Of Utah, J. E. Greaves, C. T. Hirst

UAES Bulletins

Analytical work which has so far been published on the composition of the irrigation waters of the Intermountain Region indicates a wide variation in their composition. Some are exceptionally pure, being nearly free from alkali, and may be used without fear of injury to soils; others contain larger quantities of alkali and must be used with care; still others are so heavily charged with soluble salts that they must be used with extreme caution, otherwise the growing crop will be injured and in time the soil rendered unfit for agricultural purposes. The land then must be either reclaimed or abandoned, …

Studies Concerning The Elimination Of Experimental Error In Comparative Crop Tests, T. A. Kiesselbach

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

It is apparent that many sources of error have unconsciously entered into comparative crop yield tests. The very important matter of overcoming variation in soil conditions as a source of experimental error has been quite extensively studied and reported by various investigators during the past decade. The means suggested for reducing such error have been (1) repetition of plats and (2) correction of yields according to check plats planted to a uniform variety or treatment at stated intervals. Both methods have proved of value and a combination of both may often be used advantageously. Some danger always exists of error …

Bulletin No. 162 - A Quick Method Of Obtaining Accurate Individual Egg Records Without The Trap Nest, Byron Alder, A. D. Egbert

UAES Bulletins

The power or ability of a hen to lay a large number of eggs or the lack of that power or ability resulting in few or no eggs is not confined to the individuals of anyone breed or flock. Feeding, housing, and general care of the fowls are not the only causes of low production in certain individuals. It is often in the makeup of the hen herself; she could not be a heavy layer under any condition. High and low producers are found in every flock.

An accurate method of obtaining the daily individual records of each bird is …

Circular No. 31 - The Alfalfa Weevil (Phytonomus Posticus Fab.), Harold R. Hagan

UAES Circulars

The alfalfa weevil is rapidly spreading over the entire alfalfa-growing areas of the western states. Its injury to the alfalfa crop still aggregates an enormous sum annually. This is due to the fact that each year it is extending its attack into new territory. Control measures adopted by the farmers are reducing its injury in the treated fields. Many farmers are now cutting more alfalfa in the weevil-infested districts than before the appearance of this pest because of adopting better cultural methods as outlined in Bulletin No. 110 and Circular 10 of this station. Both of these publications are now …

Circular No. 29 - The Control Of Rodent Pests: Directions For Killing Ground Squirrels, Pocket Gophers, Rabbits, And Field Mice, Charles J. Sorenson

UAES Circulars

Rodent pests cause heavy damage to the crops of Utah. The four most destructive of these pests are ground squirrels, pocket gophers, rabbits, and field mice.

The most effective method for the destruction of these animal pests is the use of poisoned baits. A very important factor in their control is the natural enemies.

The formulae recommended in the following pages have been, and are now being, used with excellent success in this and neighboring states.

Circular No. 28 - Contagious Abortion In Mares And Cows, H. J. Frederick

UAES Circulars

Contagious abortion is a cause of great loss to the stock growers of Utah. There is an urgent demand from nearly all parts of this State for information relative to this disease. In an effort to satisfy this demand a few facts regarding the disease as they are now known are here presented. It is not the purpose of this circular to report original research, but merely to describe the disease as it exists among animals in this State. The causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and methods of combating and controlling this great menace to the livestock industry are all considered.

On A New Species Of Otter From Nebraska, Myron Harmon Swenk

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

In 1908 I referred our Nebraska otters to L. c. sonora (Rhoads), basing this conclusion on the mounted specimen in the University Museum, because of its large size and pallor, that being the only Nebraska specimen in any collection in the state at that time, and, so far as known to me, the only Nebraska specimen extant except the young female in the U. S. National Museum mentioned above. In 1915 I repeated this identification. The taking of a fine old male otter with a perfect skull in eastern Nebraska in 1916 reopened the whole question, and a close study …

Regional Bird Journal Compiled By Bridgewater College Students, Faculty And Alumni, 1918, 1947 – 1950, 2023, Bridgewater College

Digitized Primary Sources

Regional bird journal compiled by Bridgewater College students, faculty and alumni, 1918, 1947 - 1950. Handwritten by several compilers in a composition book.

The first part of the book is an "Index of Birds identified in the spring of 1918. Course under Dr. Scott." The list was compiled by Charles S. Driver, BC Class of 1916. Field notes are included. Driver was likely taking this class in graduate work, probably at Indiana University.

The second section of the book is a list, "Birds observed in the vicinity of Bridgewater, Va. 1947 -48- 49. " Contributors are listed. They are mostly …

Relation Of Size Of Seed And Sprout Value To The Yield Of Small Grain Crops, T. A. Kiesselbach, C. A. Helm

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

A superior yielding power has frequently been attributed to the extra large seed. Since the seeds of any given crop commonly differ markedly in size, it is of importance from the standpoint of crop production to know the extent to which this difference in size may affect the yield of the crop produced. The following experiments have been conducted for the purpose of contributing further to the information upon this subject.

Studies Of The Etiology And Control Of Blister Canker On Apple Trees, J. Ralph Cooper

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The blister canker caused by Nummularia discreta Tul. is by far the most destructive disease of apple trees found in the United States. Serious damage due to this disease was first reported in Illinois in 1902. Since that time the disease has been reported to cause much damage in all apple-producing sections east of the Rocky Mountains. In Nebraska the disease is so prevalent that it is practically impossible to find an orchard free from it, and in many instances whole orchards have been destroyed thru its attacks. Because of the rapid dissemination and the destructive nature of blister canker, …

Studies Concerning The Elimination Of Experimental Error In Comparative Crop Tests, Theodore A. Kiesselbach

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

It is apparent that many sources of error have unconsciously entered into comparative crop yield tests. The very important matter of overcoming variation in soil conditions as a source of experimental error has been quite extensively studied and reported by various investigators during the past decade. The means suggested for reducing such error have been (1) repetition of plats and (2) correction of yields according to check plats planted to a uniform variety or treatment at stated intervals. Both methods have proved of value and a combination of both may often be used advantageously. Some danger always exists of error …

Circular No. 26 - Storing Vegetables For Winter, M. C. Merrill

UAES Circulars

The storing of vegetables for winter use has come to be important. The joys of having a large variety of choice garden produce available for the table at any time are no longer confined to growing season. Because we are thrifty today and plan for the morrow, we gather our crops in the fall and store them for winter use.

In spite of its importance, comparatively little research work has been done on the problems of storage. AS a result we are still employing many of the same methods that were devised by our forefathers, except in the case of …

Bulletin No. 161 - Orchard Heating, Frank L. West, N. E. Edlefsen

UAES Bulletins

In the state of Utah scarcely a year passes without some damage being done to farm crops, either in the spring or the fall, because of the occurrence of killing frosts. For example, in the spring of 1916 the tops of the young beets were frozen, about one-fourth of the grain of the northern part of the state was frozen, the yield of the first crop of alfalfa was about half normal and 90 per cent of the fruit of the state was destroyed. During the month when fruit buds are in bloom, the report of the U. S. Weather …

The County Farm Bureau & County Agent In South Dakota, I. B. Johnson

SDSU Extension Circulars

The Farm Bureau and the County Agent movement was started in South Dakota in 1913 when Codington and Spink Counties organized for the purpose of securing the services of a County Agricultural Agent. This was two years prior to the enactment of the present South Dakota Farm Bureau law, but the farmers of those counties saw the value of Farm Bureau work and through personal efforts secured financial assistance from the county and the United States Department of Agriculture for employing a county agent. When the Smith-Lever Act was passed by Congress in 1914, it gave an immense impetus to …

Recent Lamb Feeding Investigations At The University Of Nebraska, H. J. Gramlich

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

During the past several years considerable experimental work has been performed at the University of Nebraska in fattening western lambs. The attractiveness of fattening lambs at prices existing during a series of recent years has caused a material increase in the interest in this work, and we have felt justified in experimenting rather extensively to ascertain the most satisfactory combination of feeds to use under our Nebraska conditions.
The objects in view have been chiefly to ascertain the most satisfactory rations where corn and alfalfa hay constituted the basal feeds. We have used these two feeds extensively because of the …

Bulletin No. 160 - Important Factors In The Operation Of Irrigated Utah Farms, E. B. Brossard

UAES Bulletins

Two agricultural problems that are fundamental and of prime importance to the people of Utah are:

1. The development to maximum economic agricultural production of those farms now operated.

2. The agricultural development of the many thousands of acres of new land in the state.

A realization of the importance of these problems caused this investigation to be made. The purpose of it is as follows :

1. To determine what has been the experience of practical farmers, relative to the most profitable systems of farm management on irrigated Utah farms, and to suggest profitable future development of the existing …

The Production Of Alfalfa Seed In Southern Idaho, L. C. Aicher

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The acreage given over to the production of alfalfa seed is rapidly increasing in Idaho because of the widespread interest throughout the east in growing alfalfa as a forage crop, the growing demand of eastern farmers for high-grade seed, and the higher prices obtainable since the beginning of the world war. In growing alfalfa farmers have discovered thru experience and heavy losses at times that it is more profitable to plant high-grade than inferior seed. In response to the demands of their customers and because of stringent weed laws of some states, seedsman are becoming more and more particular in …

Bulletin No. 158 - Soil Moisture Studies Under Dry-Farming, F. S. Harris, J. W. Jones

UAES Bulletins

Profitable cultivation of land under dry-farm conditions is dependent on the efficient use of precipitation. Soil fertility is not at present the limiting factor in crop production on most arid lands, but insufficient moisture to make available the fertility of these dry-lands is not only a limiting factor, but in most cases the controlling factor in crop production. The rainfall in the principal dry-farming areas of Utah varies from 12 to 15 inches a year. During different years it may range from 10 to 22 inches; therefore the best use must be made of the water that falls.

Bulletin No. 159 - Soil Moisture Studies Under Irrigation, F. S. Harris, A. F. Brakcen

UAES Bulletins

Under normal precipitation the variety of crops which can be successfully grown in the West is limited. Of necessity, irrigation was practised and with it came many complex problems. The water requirements of different crops, the water-holding capacity of soils, the movement of soil moisture, and numerous other related problems have given themselves up for investigational work.

Measuring Silage And Capacity Of Silos, L. W. Chase

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

The condition of the corn at filling time, the rate of filling, and the length of time settling has taken place before measuring the depth of the silage, all tend to cause variations in the weight per cubic foot of the silage and in the tonnage that can be placed in a silo. The greatest variation comes when very green corn or very ripe corn is used, and because of this it is possible that a cubic foot of green silage, which may weigh fifty pounds, holds no more dry matter than a cubic foot of overripe silage which weighs …