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Solid And Liquid Waste Disposal And Environmental Law, Abdelmalek Guessous

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This article systematically examines the problem of solid and liquid waste disposal in Morocco from an environmental law perspective, combining technical and legal analysis to identify the challenges posed by waste management in a rapidly expanding urban context. The author first classifies waste types precisely and describes modern treatment and elimination techniques deployed in the sanitation sector, including through specialised bodies such as SAEM. The legal analysis then focuses on the applicable normative framework, revealing gaps in Moroccan waste collection, treatment, and disposal regulation, the absence of a framework law on waste, and the inadequacy of civil and criminal liability …

The Legal Protection Of The Urban Environment, Khadija Kaouakib-Kadiri

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This article offers an in-depth legal analysis of the concept of the urban environment and the instruments for its protection in Morocco, within the theoretical framework of environmental law as an emerging discipline. The author starts from a rigorous definition of the concept of environment, distinguishing its natural and artificial components and highlighting the difficulties inherent in delimiting the urban environment, whose geographical, functional, and normative boundaries remain fluid and subject to doctrinal debate. The study critically inventories the Moroccan legislative and regulatory texts applicable to urban environmental protection, covering urban law, public health law, classified establishments regulation, and general …

Environmental Law Between The Maze Of The Global Dimension And The Beginnings Of Local Regulation, Mohamed El Nassiri

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This analytical study addresses the fundamental gap between global discourse on environmental protection and the concrete reality of local legislative regulation, using Morocco as a case study. The author first surveys the risks of the global dimension of pollution — from oil tanker disasters and transboundary industrial emissions to radioactive waste leakage — citing catastrophes such as Chernobyl, ozone depletion, and climate warming to demonstrate the inadequacy of the international legal order. He then examines the nascent elements of national regulation in Morocco, evaluating the sufficiency and practical effectiveness of existing environmental texts in light of limited political will and …

The Legal Protection Of The Marine Environment Against Pollution Damage, Mahjoub El Haiba

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This study examines the Moroccan legal framework for protecting the marine environment against pollution damage, starting from the strategic importance of Morocco's coastline extending over 3,400 km and its Exclusive Economic Zone of 188 million hectares established in 1981. The author analyses the dimensions of marine pollution, reviews the applicable national and international legal instruments — including the Montego Bay Convention and Barcelona Protocols — and reveals the inadequacy of existing civil and criminal law rules in addressing the specific characteristics of marine environmental damage, particularly regarding proof of causation, assessment of compensation, and identification of liable parties. The study …

Report On The Use Of Nuclear Technologies In Morocco, Mahjoub El Haiba

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This report summarises an information day organised by the Association of Engineers in Nuclear Engineering in Morocco on 13 June 1987 in Casablanca. The author traces the origins of the nuclear question, distinguishing natural from artificial radiation and reviewing the historical development of nuclear energy from the discovery of natural uranium to artificial atomic energy. He examines the catastrophic consequences of incidents such as the Chernobyl disaster, analyses the peaceful applications of nuclear technologies in Morocco (medicine, agriculture, industry, energy generation), and highlights the absence of a national law regulating this strategic sector and ensuring safety and environmental protection against …

Urban Planning Documents And The Environment, Abdelilah El Mekinsi

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This article offers an in-depth legal analysis of the relationship between urban planning documents and environmental protection in Morocco. Starting from a rigorous definition of the environment and its natural and artificial components, the author critically inventories the Moroccan legislative and regulatory texts applicable to urban environmental protection, covering urban law, public health law, classified establishments regulations, and general administrative policing. The study identifies the sectoral and fragmented character of existing legislation and concludes with a call for a comprehensive and coherent legal policy integrating environmental requirements into all sectoral planning and development policies, supported by effective institutions endowed with …

Teachers’ Awareness Of Family Engagement In Multilingual Education, Sedighe Zamani Roodsari

Journal of Multicultural Affairs

This study investigated public school teachers’ awareness of family engagement as a linguistic and cultural resource for multilingual students. Multilinguals are typically described as individuals who can communicate in more than one language, with English not being their native language, and their linguistic choices are influenced by societal norms and systems (Šifrar Kalan et al., 2024; Wei, 2008). Preparing pre-service teachers to enhance opportunities for multilingual students remains a critical need in teacher education programs, as they strive to move beyond monolingual ideologies in their teaching practices (Cárdenas Curiel et al., 2024; Kim & Choi, 2020; Williams & Ewing, 2019). …

Cover, Cleveland State Law Review

Cleveland State Law Review

No abstract provided.

Unfriending The Kids: The Problematic Race To Childproof Social Media, Randolph A. Robinson Ii

Cleveland State Law Review

A growing number of states have recently enacted new laws with the goal of protecting young people from potential harm allegedly caused by social media use. These laws are diverse in their approaches but broadly seek to limit youth access to social media platforms by imposing age verification and parental consent requirements. These laws directly implicate the First Amendment rights of both young users who will no longer be able to access speech or speak on social media platforms as well as adult users who must now submit to age verification to access these quintessential forums for political discourse.

These …

From Maps To Meadows: Ecologically Literate Zoning And The Regeneration Of Wildlife Habitats, Jonathan Rosenbloom

Cleveland State Law Review

For more than a century, zoning has shaped the American landscape, often at the expense of wildlife and ecosystems. Rooted in legal doctrines that treated animals as property and nature as a raw material, zoning codes have fragmented habitats, erased migration corridors, and accelerated biodiversity loss. At the same time, federal protections are narrowing, leaving critical gaps in environmental governance. This Article argues that local governments possess both the authority and the obligation to respond. By embedding ecological principles into zoning—through conservation districts, wildlife corridor protections, wetland buffers, pollinator protections, dark skies, wildlife fencing, habitat restoration, and others—municipalities can transform …

An Era Of Silent Overruling: Lack Of Transparency In The Supreme Court And The Expanding Unworkability Doctrine, Sydney Washburn

Cleveland State Law Review

This Note examines the Supreme Court’s growing practice of “silent overruling," the effective displacement of precedent without explicit acknowledgment, and argues that this phenomenon threatens transparency, stability, and public trust in the judiciary. While the doctrine of stare decisis is intended to promote consistency and predictability, the Court has increasingly relied on the vague and discretionary “unworkability” doctrine to justify departing from precedent without clearly articulating its reasoning. Focusing on the Court’s recent decision in City of Grants Pass v. Johnson, this Note argues that the Court silently overruled Robinson v. California while purporting not to reconsider it. In …

Table Of Contents, Cleveland State Law Review

Cleveland State Law Review

No abstract provided.

Masthead, Cleveland State Law Review

Cleveland State Law Review

No abstract provided.

Copyright Statement, Cleveland State Law Review

Cleveland State Law Review

No abstract provided.

Behavioral Drafting: Defining A Field Hiding In Plain Sight, Christopher R. Trudeau

Cleveland State Law Review

Fine print is everywhere. It governs how we bank, shop, work, travel, and even receive medical care. Yet most people never read it—and those who try often give up because they are overwhelmed by technical jargon, impenetrable legal clauses, and strategically hidden terms. Still, these documents are not neutral. Every choice of wording, structure, and design quietly shapes behavior: nudging people to click “I agree,” to remain enrolled, or to give up rights they never realized they had.

This Article gives that reality a name—behavioral drafting. Borrowing insights from behavioral science, it shows how legal documents exploit well-documented tendencies to …

Studying Noncitizens: Immigration, The University, And The First Amendment, Peter Margulies

Cleveland State Law Review

From its campaign against anti-war protesters in World War I to the present, the government has tried to restrict the pure political speech of noncitizens, defined as noncitizens’ expression of views about the structure and policies of the U.S. government and governments of foreign nations. Threats to academic freedom are also a hallmark of government action in this domain. Taking a page from this book, the Trump administration has targeted noncitizen students who participated in campus protests against Israel’s military actions in Gaza after Hamas’s brutal attacks on October 7, 2023.

The Trump administration’s effort has viewpoint discrimination at its …

A Bone To Pick: Back To The Basics In Food Product Liability With A Necessary Reformation Of The "Hybrid" Negligence Standard, Clay Cutteridge

Cleveland State Law Review

Ohio does not use the traditional negligence standard in determining negligence in food product liability cases. Instead, Ohio uses what is called the hybrid test. The hybrid test analyzes what a consumer would reasonably expect to find in their food, and Ohio courts consider the naturalness of an object to the food it is in to be the determinative factor: natural objects should be reasonably expected and cannot give rise to successful claims of negligence. This hybrid test fails to consider that food is complex, and consumers often cannot know what to reasonably expect in the food they buy. The …

Cardozo Law News Brief: June 26, 2026, Benjamin N. Cardozo School Of Law

Cardozo Law News Briefs

Highlights from the June 26, 2026 Cardozo Law News Brief include:

• Cardozo celebrated the Class of 2026 at its 48th Commencement, honoring 304 J.D. graduates and 64 LL.M. graduates as they prepared to begin their legal careers.
• Professor Gary Galperin spoke to The Guardian and was quoted in The Wall Street Journal about the defense strategy in the Luigi Mangione case, discussing the likelihood of a psychiatric defense.

Faculty news includes:

• Sarah Chu, Director of Policy & Reform at the Perlmutter Center for Legal Justice, published her paper "Move Fast and Strengthen Justice: A Framework for Responsible Technology Adoption" …

Beyond Refusal Or Acceptance: Reformulating Administrative Silence In Indonesia From A Comparative French Model, Dian Utami Mas Bakar, Anna Erliyana, Dian Puji N. Simatupang, Armand Desprairies

Hasanuddin Law Review

The administrative silence is constructed as a legal fiction that originated as a negative (silence as refusal) and has since developed into a positive (silence as acceptance). In European administrative law, no system operates exclusively based on one legal fiction. Both negative and positive fictions are employed with defined limitations, as in France. Conversely, in Indonesia, these fictions are considered conflicting and override each other due to complex regulations and undefined limitations, leading to ambiguity. Therefore, this article aims to reformulate the concept of administrative silence in Indonesia through a comparative doctrinal legal research approach. The findings proved that both …

Aging Alone In Malaysia: Social Challenges And Legal Protections, Jal Zabdi Mohd Yusoff, Zulazhar Tahir, Siti Zaharah Jamaluddin

Hasanuddin Law Review

According to The Japan Times, nearly 28,000 elderly individuals in Japan will die alone in the first half of 2024. This alarming trend is not unique to Japan; many countries, including Malaysia, are facing the challenges of an aging population. As Malaysia approaches becoming an aging nation, issues affecting the elderly, particularly those living alone, demand urgent attention. While not all elderly people face the same circumstances, some enjoy stable finances or live with their family, while others live in isolation due to various factors, such as remaining unmarried, widowhood, or estranged familial ties. Some are simply separated by their …

Misinterpreting Immigration Law, Michael Kagan

New Mexico Law Review

Although Congress bears primary responsibility for the convoluted nature of America’s immigration laws, immigration law has been rendered even more incoherent through inconsistent interpretation. During the reign of Chevron deference, the federal courts, the Board of Immigration Appeals and various Attorneys General pushed in different directions, with textualist, libertarian, and restrictionist impulses holding sway on different major interpretive questions. The result is that immigration law is more internally incoherent and more divorced from popular opinion than is necessitated by the text of the Immigration and Nationality Act. The end of Chevron deference offers some potential for the federal courts to …

Front Matter, New Mexico Law Review

New Mexico Law Review

No abstract provided.

On The Securitization Of Residential Real Property, Luke Maher

New Mexico Law Review

This article aims to reframe the scholarly discussion about securitizations—transactions in which multiple passive investors use a special purpose entity to take passive fractional ownership shares in one or more assets—in the context of residential real property interests. Residential real property securitizations (including mortgage-backed securities and real estate investment trusts) are relatively modern financial instruments and so are relatively underexamined from a policy perspective, and this article seeks to evaluate whether residential real property interests are amenable to securitization at all, concluding that they are not. In so doing, this article uses the principles of property law to present a …

Pixels And Property Rights: Resolving Social Media Ownership Disputes Between Employers And Employees Through Traditional Property Law Frameworks, Brittany Kjerstad Mcknight

New Mexico Law Review

Social media accounts have become valuable business assets, yet courts remain divided on how to resolve disputes over their ownership. In employer-employee contexts, some courts have adopted multi-factor tests to determine whether an account belongs to the business or the individual. However, these tests create inconsistent and unpredictable results, leaving businesses and employees uncertain about their rights. Courts should reject ad hoc multi-factor tests and instead rely on traditional legal frameworks, specifically property, contract, and agency law, to resolve social media ownership disputes. By treating social media accounts as non-transferable, revocable licenses governed by contractual terms, courts can apply established …

Boycott Governance, Carlos Berdejó

New Mexico Law Review

Despite the power they wield in modern society, corporations are hardly democratic institutions. Their governance structure is designed to further the interest of a narrow set of stakeholders, leaving little room for safeguarding the interests of other constituencies. Moreover, the power to manage corporate affairs rests in the hands of a few individuals who enjoy broad discretion and face limited accountability. This decision-making structure fosters an environment that favors the pursuit of profits at the expense of the interests of those who lack access to the corporate governance framework. Since infiltrating this governance mechanism to influence a firm’s decision-making is …

Rejecting Salinas V. Texas’S Catch-22: Towards State Constitutional Protections For Silence In New Mexico, Kayla Herring

New Mexico Law Review

The landmark United States Supreme Court case, Miranda v. Arizona, protects individuals’ constitutional rights in coercive environments, like custodial interrogations, where law enforcement officers apply immense psychological pressure through specialized techniques. However, subsequent caselaw distorts Miranda’s intent to enable prosecutors to comment on silence. Doing so divorces Miranda from the reason the United States Supreme Court established Miranda warnings in the first place. This subsequent caselaw narrows individuals’ constitutional right against having their silence used against them in later criminal proceedings to imply guilt based on the custodial framework established in Miranda. Salinas v. Texas is one of those subsequent …

Into The Black Hole: Private Prison Contractors And The Inspection Of Public Records Act, August M. Ryan

New Mexico Law Review

The New Mexico Inspection of Public Records Act (IPRA) is a powerful mechanism for government transparency. Although private companies that contract with state agencies are subject to IPRA, the New Mexico Corrections Department and its contractors continually flout their IPRA obligations. Newsome v. Centurion Correctional Healthcare highlights a tension between IPRA’s robust enforcement provisions and its practical application to government contractors. The Newsome opinion, in denying access to records that should have been disclosed, struggles to articulate how public bodies, contractors, and designated records custodians interact under IPRA. This comment proposes an ordered, step-by-step approach to the custodian problem, seeking …

Class Of 2026 Graduates Elected To Order Of The Coif, Benjamin N. Cardozo School Of Law

Cardozo Law News Archive

Cardozo School of Law recognized 31 members of the Class of 2026 who were elected to the Order of the Coif, a national honorary scholastic society recognizing the top 10 percent of each graduating law school class for academic excellence.

Cardozo Celebrates Class Of 2026 At 48th Commencement, Benjamin N. Cardozo School Of Law

Cardozo Law News Archive

Cardozo School of Law celebrated its 48th Commencement, honoring 304 J.D. graduates and 64 LL.M. graduates of the Class of 2026. The ceremony featured remarks by Dean Melanie Leslie, keynote speaker Chief Judge Rowan D. Wilson, and Yeshiva University President Rabbi Dr. Ari Berman, while recognizing student achievements, faculty excellence, and the resilience, leadership, and service of the graduating class.

What’S Past Is Prologue: Prior Convictions As Evidence Of Dangerousness In State V. Romero, Alexander Guel-James

New Mexico Law Review

State v. Romero marked the first time the New Mexico Court of Appeals considered whether a New Mexico law disarming every person with a state felony conviction was unconstitutional under the Second Amendment. The court upheld the law, but only to the extent that it disarmed dangerous felons. The court found that the appellant was dangerous because he was previously convicted of dangerous crimes. This note questions whether prior convictions alone are sufficient to prove dangerousness. Criminal justice data and constitutional theory caution against dangerousness findings based on criminal history alone. Courts should determine dangerousness under the disarmament law using …