Digital Commons Network^™

A Research Agenda To Improve Decision Making In Cyber Security Policy, Benjamin Dean, Rose Mcdermott

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

The Cyber Longbow & Other Information Strategies: U.S. National Security And Cyberspace, Gary D. Brown

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

War In The 21st Century And Collected Works

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

A Study Of The Effectiveness Of The Crisis Care & Counseling Course Within The Special Operations Forces At The Joint Special Operations University, Mary Ann Quartetti

Doctor of Education (Ed.D)

The Special Operations Forces have experienced a surge in PTSD and suicides in the past several years, now surpassing conventional military branches. Due to the attached stigma for seeking help from mental health professions and potential negative career effects, military personnel are more likely to seek counseling from their unit chaplain. The U.S. military does not require chaplains to have a counseling degree or certification in counseling as a prerequisite to performing duties as a chaplain, although most Masters of Divinity programs do include some counseling courses. The military does provide limited training to its chaplains in counseling. Special Operations …

The Significance Of Natural Law In Contemporary Legal Thought, Charles E. Marske, Charles P. Kofron, Steven Vago

The Catholic Lawyer

No abstract provided.

The Jurisprudence Of Conscription: Social Contract, Moral Obligation, And Proposals, James M. Thunder

The Catholic Lawyer

No abstract provided.

The First Wartime Water Torture By Americans, Allan W. Vestal

Maine Law Review

The first use of wartime water torture by Americans occurred during the Philippine-American War of 1899 to 1902, when American soldiers and their indigenous minions used the “water cure” to extract information from Filipinos who resisted the occupation of their land, and to punish them. The practice, in which a prisoner was held down and forced to ingest large quantities of water to simulate drowning, was almost universally acknowledged at the time to be a form of torture, illegal under the applicable laws of war. The Philippine-American War, an early foray into overseas imperialism, was extremely controversial at the time. …

The Supreme Court, The Adversary System And Some Moral Dilemmas, Peter J. Riga

The Catholic Lawyer

No abstract provided.

Let’S Stop Playing Games: A Consistent Test For Unlicensed Trademark Use And The Right Of Publicity In Video Games, Arlen Papazian

William & Mary Business Law Review

Courts cannot agree on how to handle cases centered on unlicensed use of a trademark or celebrity’s likeness in video games. Two tests have arisen as the primary standards by which to judge such cases: the Rogers test and the transformative-use test. However, in an area of law muddled by multiple standards and the inconsistent application of those standards to a relatively new medium, neither test can adequately balance mark holder rights with the constitutional rights of video game developers. In this turmoil, large video game companies take advantage of marks and licenses knowing the rightful holders will have little …

1878 - Report Of The Commissioner Of Indian Affairs For 1878

US and Indian Relations

Detailed report on the efforts by the US government to civilize, educate and provide moral training to the original inhabitants. This largely involved placing the Indians on reservations, teaching them agricultural and homebuilding skills, training them in proper dress and customs of the white man and providing opportunities for education.

1874 - Report Of The Commissioner Of Indian Affairs For 1873

US and Indian Relations

Detailed report on the efforts by the US government to civilize, educate and provide moral training to the original inhabitants. This largely involved placing the Indians on reservations, teaching them agricultural and homebuilding skills, training them in proper dress and customs of the white man and providing opportunities for education.

1872 - Report Of The Commissioner Of Indian Affairs For 1871

US and Indian Relations

Detailed report on the efforts by the US government to civilize, educate and provide moral training to the original inhabitants. This largely involved placing the Indians on reservations, teaching them agricultural and homebuilding skills, training them in proper dress and customs of the white man and providing opportunities for education.

1870 - Report Of The Commissioner Of Indian Affairs For 1869

US and Indian Relations

Detailed report on the efforts by the US government to civilize, educate and provide moral training to the original inhabitants. This largely involved placing the Indians on reservations, teaching them agricultural and homebuilding skills, training them in proper dress and customs of the white man and providing opportunities for education.

1872 - Report Of The Commissioner Of Indian Affairs For 1872

US and Indian Relations

Detailed report on the efforts by the US government to civilize, educate and provide moral training to the original inhabitants. This largely involved placing the Indians on reservations, teaching them agricultural and homebuilding skills, training them in proper dress and customs of the white man and providing opportunities for education.

Death, Taxes, And Property (Rights): Nozick, Libertarianism, And The Estate Tax, Jennifer Bird-Pollan

Maine Law Review

Over the last twelve years the estate tax has been eviscerated. Evolving from a tax at 55% on all estates over $675,000 to a tax at only 35% on estates over $5.12 million per person ($10.24 million for a married couple); the estate tax now taxes only about 5,300 estates per year, as opposed to over 58,000 estates in 1999. In an era of language decrying class warfare, why abandon this project of the estate tax? Is it too late to save the tax? Are there reasons to save it? Why have an estate tax in the first place? Libertarian …

A Blast From The Past: Seismic Airgun Policy And The Need For Reform, Janaye Garrett

Florida State University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Rethinking Targeted Killing Policy: Reducing Uncertainty, Protecting Civilians From The Ravages Of Both Terrorism And Counterterrorism, Shiri Krebs

Florida State University Law Review

Targeted killing is a lethal and irreversible counterterrorism measure. Its use is governed by ambiguous legal norms and controlled by security-oriented decisionmaking processes. Oversight is inherently limited, as most of the relevant information is top secret. Under these circumstances, attempts to assess the legality of targeted killing operations raise challenging, yet often undecided, questions, including: How should the relevant legal norms be interpreted? How unequivocal and updated must the evidence be? And, given the inherent limitations of intelligence information, how should doubt and uncertainty be treated?

Based on risk analysis, organizational culture and biased cognition theories, as well as on …

Employment Discrimination And The Domino Effect, Laura T. Kessler

Florida State University Law Review

Employment discrimination is a multidimensional problem. In many instances, some combination of employer bias, the organization of work, and employees’ responses to these conditions, leads to worker inequality. Title VII does not sufficiently account for these dynamics in two significant respects. First, Title VII’s major proof structures divide employment discrimination into discrete categories, for example, disparate treatment, disparate impact, and sexual harassment. This compartmentalization does not account for the fact that protected employees often concurrently experience more than one form of discriminatory exclusion. The various types of exclusion often add up to significant inequalities, even though seemingly insignificant when considered …

Judicial Supremacy Revisited: Independent Constitutional Authority In American Constitutional Law And Practice, Mark A. Graber

William & Mary Law Review

The Supreme Court exercises far less constitutional authority in American law and practice than one would gather from reading judicial opinions, presidential speeches, or the standard tomes for and against judicial supremacy. Lower federal court judges, state court justices, federal and state elected officials, persons charged with administering the law, and ordinary citizens often have the final say on particular constitutional controversies or exercise temporary constitutional authority in ways that have more influence on the parties to that controversy than the eventual Supreme Court decision. In many instances, Supreme Court doctrine sanctions or facilitates the exercise of independent constitutional authority …

Busting Up The Pretrial Industry, Andrew S. Pollis

Fordham Law Review

While some argue that “[r]eturning to a trial model would be a significant step toward fulfilling the traditional expectations for the federal courts,” that step backward is unlikely to occur. But I agree that fixes are in order, and I offer two. First, we should consider requiring at least some parties to engage in early settlement evaluation—ideally before extensive discovery gets underway—by submitting cases to summary jury trials and imposing consequences on parties who choose to disregard the results. Second, we should allocate a greater percentage of judicial resources to discovery management through the routine appointment of special masters to …

Nebraska Transcript (University Of Nebraska College Of Law), Volume 50, Number 1, Spring 2017

Nebraska Transcript

3 Dean’s Message

4 Faculty Notes: Jack M. Beard, Eric Berger, Kristen M. Blankley, Eve M. Brank, Robert C. Denicola, Justin (Gus) Hurwitz, Brian D. Lepard, Colleen E. Medill, Richard E. Moberly, Harvey S. Perlman, Josephine R. Potuto, Matthew P. Schaefer, Anthony B. Schutz, Anna Williams Shavers, Jessica A. Shoemaker, Ryan P. Sullivan, Adam Thimmesch, Frans G. von der Dunk, Steven L. Willborn, Maggie Wittlin, Sandra B. Zellmer, Michelle Harner

9 Gus Hurwitz named co-director of the Space, Cyber, and Telecommunications Law Program

10 Maggie Wittlin joins faculty, adjusts to life in Midwest

11 Richard Moberly named College’s 17th dean …

Be Careful What You Wish For? Reducing Inequality In The 21st Century, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah, Orli Avi-Yonah

Law & Economics Working Papers

Stanford historian Walter Scheidel’s The Great Leveler: Violence and the History of Inequality from the Stone Age to the Twenty-First Century (Princeton Univ. Press, 2017), is, in some respects, the anti-Piketty. Scheidel accepts Piketty’s view that inequality tends to grow over time, but adds a crucial caveat that runs directly opposite to Piketty’s optimistic proposals. Scheidel argues that the historical record demonstrates that inequality can only be reduced by violent means. Therefore, the Piketty proposals to reduce inequality peacefully are unrealistic, and Scheidel concludes his book by arguing that we should accept inequality as the price of peace: “All of …

Rethinking The Fourth Amendment In The Age Of Supercomputers, Artificial Intelligence, And Robots, Melanie Reid

West Virginia Law Review

In an era of diminishing privacy, the Internet of Things ("loT") has become a consensual and inadvertent tool that undermines privacy protection. The loT, really systems of networks connected to each other by the Internet or other radio-type device, creates consensual mass self-surveillance in such domains as fitness and the Fitbit, health care and heart monitors, "smart" houses and cars, and even "smart" cities. The multiple networks also have created a degree of interconnectivity that has opened up a fire hose of information for companies and governments alike, as well as making it virtually insuperable to live "off the grid" …

Post-Racialism And The End Of Strict Scrutiny, David Schraub

Indiana Law Journal

In recent years, a growing social consensus has emerged around the aspiration of a “post-racial” America: one where race is no longer a fault line for social strife or, perhaps, a morally significant trait whatsoever. This ambition, however, lies in tension with the most basic constitutional principle governing our treatment of race in the public sphere: that of “strict scrutiny.” Post-racialism seeks to diminish the salience of race to near negligibility. The strict scrutiny of racial classifications, by contrast, significantly enhances the salience of race by treating it differently from virtually every other personal attribute or characteristic—including hair or eye …

The Myth Of Strategic And Tactical Airlift, Jacob D. Maywald, Adam D. Reiman, Alan A. Johnson, Robert E. Overstreet

Faculty Publications

In the 21st century, our ability to quickly and decisively deliver combat forces and equipment is of the utmost importance in achieving our national security objectives. The swiftness and flexibility of the US Air Force’s mobility airlift fleet is the key to executing a rapid global mobility strategy. The operational effectiveness and efficiency of military air transportation relies on the expertise and intuition of Air Mobility Command’s (AMC) mobility planners. Working in coordination with the United States Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM) and geographic combatant commands (GCC), AMC is responsible for the tasking and tracking of almost 900 daily mobility sorties worldwide. …

A Left Of Liberal Interpretation Of Trump's "Big" Win, Part One: Neoliberalism, Duncan Kennedy

Nevada Law Journal Forum

Trump’s narrow victories in swing states could have been caused by any number of factors, but it is still significant that there was a nation-wide shift of the non-college white electorate, male and female. Many non-college Democrats who had voted for Obama did not turn out for Hillary and some voted for Trump; many Republicans who had not voted for Romney turned out for Trump. This article proposes, as part of the explanation, a rebellion of non-college whites against the consequences for poor communities, in red states or in red pockets in blue states, of four decades of neoliberal selective …

Notes On The Future Of The Legal Profession In The United States: The Key Roles Of Corporate Law Firms And Urban Law Schools, Bryant G. Garth

Buffalo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Land, Property And Sovereignty In International Law, Lorenzo Cotula

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

This article charts the relationship between land and international law. Tracing evolutions since the very origins of international legal ordering, the article identifies sovereignty and property as the two key concepts that have traditionally framed claims to land in international law. For centuries, international jurists primarily considered sovereignty and property claims in the context of changes in, and disputes over, territorial control. However, developments in international human rights, investment and environmental law have reconfigured the internal dimensions of the land-property-sovereignty.nexus, redefining space for states lawfully to exercise their sovereign powers vis-d-vis property within their jurisdiction.

Relevant international instruments advance diverse …

The Soviet Disinformation Framing Of Pope Pius Xii, Naomi Centrella

Senior Honors Theses

One of the most effective tactics used to bring down one’s enemy is the ideological tool exemplified in Soviet and subsequent Russian disinformation. Disinformation has created an alternative way of looking at history that grew out of the Soviet Union’s actions in time of war. Soviet Disinformation was an effective war tactic used by Communist leaders to demonize those in a position of power who posed a threat to the Soviet regime. Joseph Stalin, the Communist leader of the Soviet Union in from 1924-1953, used disinformation to discredit such perceived enemies as the United States and the Roman Catholic Church. …

Busting Up The Pretrial Industry, Andrew S. Pollis

Fordham Law Review

While some argue that “[r]eturning to a trial model would be a significant step toward fulfilling the traditional expectations for the federal courts,” that step backward is unlikely to occur. But I agree that fixes are in order, and I offer two. First, we should consider requiring at least some parties to engage in early settlement evaluation—ideally before extensive discovery gets underway—by submitting cases to summary jury trials and imposing consequences on parties who choose to disregard the results. Second, we should allocate a greater percentage of judicial resources to discovery management through the routine appointment of special masters to …