Digital Commons Network^™

The Patentability Of Ethical Ai: A Spectrum, Rana Matared, Harut Minasian

Chicago-Kent Journal of Intellectual Property

No abstract provided.

The U.S. Critical Minerals List: Between A Rock And A Hard Place, Wesley Peebles

Fordham Environmental Law Review

Critical minerals are minerals found essential to economic and national security and vulnerable to supply chain disruptions. Congress and presidents from both political parties have actively promoted critical mineral production, offering up billions of dollars to secure mineral supply chains. The federal government has invested to increase domestic mineral production, grow global partnerships, and reinvigorate U.S. industry in an attempt to reduce the risk of supply disruptions for these valuable minerals. To identify which minerals are critical to the United States, Congress tasked the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), to evaluate and identify a …

“The Needs Of The Many Outweigh The Needs Of The Few”: A Plan For A New Farm Bill That Promotes The Health And Welfare Of Humans And Nonhuman Animals, And Protects The Planet On Which We Live., John Lieberman

Fordham Environmental Law Review

The Farm Bill was created in 1933, with the passage of the Agricultural Adjustment Act. The Bill was part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal, designed to assist farmers struggling with low prices during the Great Depression and Dust Bowl era. Thus the era of the farm subsidy was born. Crafted in a different time, with technology, knowledge, science and an economy that today would be considered obsolete, the basic mechanisms, and financial support, have nevertheless lived on.

The myriad of problems that have arisen since that time within an agriculture industry that has flourished on the taxpayer dime …

Laudato Si’ And The Limits Of Law: Reflections On The Vocation To Protect Integral Ecology, Lucia A. Silecchia

Fordham Environmental Law Review

No abstract provided.

Confinement And Consent: A Comparative Analysis Of Sexual Abuse In Finnish And U.S. Prisons, Madison A. Greico

Binghamton University Undergraduate Journal

The Bangkok Rules and The Basic Principles for The Treatment of Prisoners are a specific outline of protections and rights for individuals( Bangkok specifically about women) within prisons adopted by the United Nations compromising states. While The United States is a leader in the United Nations and adopted this set of rules, their failures of commitment are extremely apparent. Every year, thousands of prison rapes occur behind bars in New York alone by the very guards meant to protect them. In Finland, another United Nations member, however, has virtually no record of sexual abuse within their prisons. In investigation of …

Copyright Dilution Under Constitutional Scrutiny, Edward Lee

Chicago-Kent Journal of Intellectual Property

No abstract provided.

Unfair Learning: Genai Exceptionalism And Copyright Law, David Atkinson

Chicago-Kent Journal of Intellectual Property

No abstract provided.

A Civilization’S Soul : Positioning Architectural Works In The Argument For Greater Restrictions On Ai Training, Alexandria B. Noble

Chicago-Kent Journal of Intellectual Property

No abstract provided.

Algorithmic Chopin—Musical Authorship In The Age Of Artificial Intelligence, Eyal Brook

Chicago-Kent Journal of Intellectual Property

No abstract provided.

An Empirical Dissection Of Discretionary Denials Following Bifurcation Policy, Sarah Geers, Adam J. Cook, Daniel C. Sloan, Matt Johnson

Chicago-Kent Journal of Intellectual Property

No abstract provided.

The Unsettling History Of Settled Expectations, Sara Tonnies Horton, Henry Thomas

Chicago-Kent Journal of Intellectual Property

No abstract provided.

Ndls Communicator: Week Of 02.16.26, Notre Dame Law School

NDLS Communicator

The Latest News

• Notre Dame Law School’s Religious Liberty Clinic assists in formation of new Christian school in South Bend
• Mark Rienzi Discusses Religious Liberty and the Roberts Court

Alumni News

• Where Law Led to Love: ND Law’s Class of 2008

Faculty Briefs

• Nicole Stelle Garnett
• Francisco Urbina
• Diane Desierto
• Mary Ellen O'Connell
• Patrick Corrigan
• Paul Miller
• Emily Bremer

Events

• Law & Technology Seminar: Frank Pasquale, Cornell Law School and Cornell Tech
• Law & Economics Workshop: Yehonatan Givati, Hebrew University
• Faculty Colloquium - Patrick Corrigan: The Crisis of Confidential Supervisory Information
• Faculty and Staff Birthday Celebration!
• Ash Wednesday Masses
• Bruen …

Human Trafficking In Central Asia: A Product Of Its Environment, Matt V. Tenberg

Binghamton University Undergraduate Journal

Human trafficking is a complex puzzle when considering all the effort it takes to traffick another person. Many often wonder how one gets trafficked, and what is the appropriate response to human trafficking? A couple of answers can be found when analyzing Central Asia’s ongoing crisis of human trafficking into its territory. Central Asian countries have historically been combating human trafficking after the fall of the Soviet Union. However, after analyzing the laws and methods in place, it is clear that the countries are not succeeding in eliminating this problem. The countries of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan are grounds for …

Food Councils And Federal Committees: Community Responses To Inaction On Food Insecurity By Government, Kevin O'Connell, Liam R. Rupprecht

Binghamton University Undergraduate Journal

Food insecurity is a devastating force in the United States, as shown by its destructive impact on vulnerable groups like children, racial minorities, and those in poverty. Non-white urban communities of color especially have significantly higher rates of household food insecurity due to systemic racism in American food systems. Despite the prevalence of these factors, they are consistently overlooked by public and private forces. Federal efforts have failed to resolve the issue, leaving it to local “food council” organizations that attempt to help through advocacy and charity. These groups face a difficult task: how can they work to mitigate food …

Stuck Behind Bars: How Neglect Of The Mental Health Epidemic In U.S. Correctional Facilities Fuels Recidivism, Alayna Bhatti

Binghamton University Undergraduate Journal

The nation is failing to protect the rights of all citizens. Various studies and sources of academic research show that health services in U.S. prisons fall far below the standards for health services on the ‘outside world’. Legal scholar Joshua Price highlights how mentally ill inmates are victims of the U.S. criminal justice system. “A set of institutions disavowed responsibility, leading to conditions where their own demons got the better of them, with awful consequences. Did these institutions, or the people in them, love justice?” (Price, 501) How is justice really served when these inmates are destined to be trapped …

Incarcerated Youths In Canada And The United States: A Comparative Analysis, Grace A. Mastrangelo

Binghamton University Undergraduate Journal

Are children, who commit adult crimes, deserving of adult punishments? According to the United Nations, not if it harms their well-being. Article 3 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) adopted by the United Nations in November 1989, states that 1) the best interests of the child should be the primary consideration of all state actions involving children, 2) governments must allot children the protection and care necessary for their well-being, and 3) governmental institutions, services, and facilities that deal with children must uphold adequate standards for the safety, health, and supervision of children. The CRC is …

Beyond Subsidies And Mandates: Testing A Simple Behavioral Mechanism To Drive Health Insurance Coverage, Wendy Netter Epstein, Hansoo Ko, Christopher Robertson, Kevin Wilson, David Yokum

Faculty Scholarship

Uninsured individuals face reduced access to care, financial risk, and higher mortality. Although public programs and private subsidies have lowered uninsurance, these mechanisms remain incomplete and politically unstable. We evaluate whether a low-cost outreach intervention can increase health insurance enrollment without altering plan prices. Using a randomized field experiment involving 16,477 uninsured Maryland households, we assigned households to a no-contact control or to receive email and postcard outreach featuring affordability messaging alone or combined with responsibility or community framings. Outreach increased qualified health plan enrollment by 0.699 percentage points and total coverage by 0.967 percentage points relative to control. The …

Yurisdiksi Negara Pada Instalasi-Instalasi Dilandas Kontinen, D. Sidik Suraputra

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Menyongsong Penyelenggaraan Bantuan Hukum Bagi Yang Tidak Mampu Dalam Pelita Iii, Tatang Suganda

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Perusahaan Daerah Dan Beberapa Permasalahannya, Felix Oentoeng Soebagjo

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Armed And Impaired: Balancing Second Amendment Protections With Contemporary Societal Concerns, Joshua Laderer

Liberty University Law Review

This Note examines the evolving interpretation of the Second Amendment in light of recent Supreme Court precedent, with a particular focus on the constitutionality of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(3) under the test set forth in New York State Rifle & Pistol Ass’n v. Bruen. The Court has had relatively limited occasion to undertake a comprehensive interpretation of the Amendment; of the four major decisions to date, three have been issued within the past two decades. In United States v. Miller, the Court anchored its analysis in the context of militia service, establishing a precedent that would go largely …

More Than Mere Semantics: Why Virginia Cannot Force Preferred- Pronoun Mandates On Public School Teachers Under Virginia’S Religious Freedom Restoration Act, Isaac Rizkallah

Liberty University Law Review

Right now, school administrators and jurists across the nation are wondering how to address the legal implications of the transgender movement in public schools. In response, many public schools have adopted policies requiring teachers to identify transgender students by their preferred pronouns. These preferred-pronoun mandates have created face-offs between the personal preferences of transgender students and the religious tenets of teachers. As a result, school officials and courts around the United States find themselves wedged between this clash.

Unfortunately, the tension is often resolved at the teachers’ expense. But what are the consequences? Homogenization of thought and belief among public …

How Much Can A Coffee Table Really Cost You? What To Do With Websites, Testers, And Serial Filers Within The Context Of The Ada, Ava Perez Erickson

Liberty University Law Review

Differences have been used throughout history to separate that which is deemed superior from that which is inferior. Disabilities, both physical and mental, are what history has often deemed a mark of the inferior. With little rationale to explain the occurrence of many disabilities, man turned to divine punishment and quasi-scientific movements to fill the gaps and explain the existence of what was assumed to be a lesser, plighted people. Our modern nation is no different and found itself, for the better half of the 20th century, enamored by the eugenics movement, satisfied with the explanation that disabled individuals were …

The Pass-Through Entity Tax Workaround: A Comprehensive Overview, Timothy A. Kranick

Liberty University Law Review

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) enacted a $10,000 cap on the State and Local Tax (SALT) deduction on Form 1040, Schedule A. Had this cap been implemented a year earlier, it would have impacted some 10.9 million taxpayers and would have disallowed approximately $323 billion in deductions. It was also projected that during the duration of the cap, New York taxpayers alone would pay approximately $121 billion more in federal taxes, and the state revenue would greatly suffer. In response to the cap , and as a result of its impact, states established certain workarounds, the most popular …

Striking The Right Chord: Reframing Music Copyright Through The Lens Of The First Amendment, Arielle C. Knight

Liberty University Law Review

Music, as both artistic expression and a commercial product, occupies a unique space at the intersection of copyright law and the First Amendment. While copyright law aims to promote creativity by protecting original works, its current application to music often undermines the very innovation it seeks to encourage. Courts have recognized that some musical elements are not copyrightable because they are so inherent to music that the idea merges with its expression. However, with advancements in technology such as music streaming services and AI-created music, courts increasingly face difficulties in distinguishing between protectable musical expression and the unprotectable building blocks …

Actual Innocence In Virginia: Why The Requirements For A Successful Writ Must Remain Limited, Cameron D. Barshinger

Liberty University Law Review

Benjamin Franklin once said, “It is better a hundred guilty persons should escape than one innocent person should suffer.” To achieve this goal, the Commonwealth of Virginia has implemented a system through which a falsely convicted person is given another opportunity to prove his innocence: writs of actual innocence. A writ of actual innocence provides a second chance to a person wrongfully convicted of a crime. It can allow a “murderer” to prove his innocence and expunge his record after falling short of convincing a judge or jury at trial. Virginia has strict requirements for those seeking writs of actual …

If You Want To Get Away With Indecent Exposure, Do It Online, Rebekah E. Bynum

Liberty University Law Review

If a person exposes his or her genitals to a minor in private or in public, that person would be guilty of indecent exposure. But if a person exposes his or her genitals to a minor over video chat, no harm, no foul. Similarly, if a person exposes his or her genitals to a minor via text message, there are no repercussions. Why is it that the same act—when done through a screen—functions like a loophole to a crime? The reason for this “loophole” is because of a misunderstanding of the crime of indecent exposure. The crime was developed, not …

The Cost Of Admission: Consent, Non-Waivability, And The Governance Of Migrant Labour, Hanny Ben-Israel, Hila Shamir

Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal

This article examines how the principle of non-waivability in labour law is being systematically eroded for migrant workers. It argues that a fundamental tension exists between labour law — which seeks to protect and empower workers — and migration law — which prioritises the welfare of citizens, instrumentalises migrant labour, and seeks to limit redistribution of a nation’s resources, benefits, and opportunities to non-citizens. The article demonstrates how consent-based arguments, rooted in migration law, are used to justify the exclusion of non-citizens from otherwise non-waivable labour protections. By analysing legislative, judicial, and policy decisions, it reveals how these arguments contribute …

Hungarian Steps Towards Freedom Of Contract, Tamás Gyulavári

Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal

Since 1992, derogations have been allowed in individual agreements in favour of employees, with minor exceptions. The labour law reform of 2012 brought about the comprehensive reform of the hierarchy of labour law sources. As for individual agreements of the parties, the Labour Code retained the traditional rule of favourability, however, with a growing number and importance of exceptions allowing in peius derogations. Section II sets the scene by explaining the legal hierarchy of labour law sources, including derogations in collective agreements, agreements of the parties, and the meaning of the “more favourable rule.” Against this background, Section III delves …

Outsourcing Legal Modernity: Late Colonial Constitutionalism In Muslim Northern Nigeria, Rabiat Akande

Articles & Book Chapters

The final years of British imperial rule in Northern Nigeria witnessed efforts to source appropriate models of legal modernization from the Muslim world. The models afloat in constitutional discourse, those of Libya, Sudan, Pakistan, and Egypt, were held up by respective proponents as ideal for resolving the long-fraught question of the relationship between Islam and public law in a modern state. Yet, the evocations of these foreign models were idealized imaginaries; by framing these models as settled facts, the Northern Nigerian evocations flattened the constitutional experience of these states and obscured unfolding struggles over the nature of legal modernity. Against …