Digital Commons Network^™

Give Me Liberty To Choose (A Better) Death: Respecting Autonomy More Fully In Advance Directive Statutes, Kathy L. Cerminara, Joseph R. Kadis

Saint Louis University Journal of Health Law & Policy

In the name of state interests, advance directive statutes almost universally include language requiring that a patient be in a particular physical state as a condition precedent to operation of a directive. This article urges state legislatures to recognize and rectify the conflict they have created by imposing such triggering conditions. First, it examines states’ efforts to facilitate autonomous end-of-life decision making through advance directive statutes. Then it proposes amending those statutes to align the law with medical ethics by eliminating specified physical triggering conditions burdening the exercise of patients’ rights to refuse life-sustaining treatment. Such amendment will improve end-of-life …

Procedural Due Process And Intramural Hospital Dispute Resolution Mechanisms: The Texas Advance Directives Act, Thaddeus Mason Pope

Saint Louis University Journal of Health Law & Policy

Increasingly, clinicians and commentators have been calling for the establishment of special adjudicatory dispute resolution mechanisms to resolve intractable medical futility disputes. As a leading model to follow, policymakers both around the United States and around the world have been looking to the conflict resolution provisions in the 1999 Texas Advance Directives Act (TADA).

In this article, I provide a complete and thorough review of the purpose, history, and operation of TADA. I conclude that TADA is a commendable attempt to balance the competing goals of efficiency and fairness in the resolution of these time-sensitive, life-and-death conflicts. But TADA is …

Why Did The Organic Chicken Cross The Road? To See The Proposed Livestock Welfare Rules In The National Organic Program, Kael Bowling

Kentucky Journal of Equine, Agriculture, & Natural Resources Law

No abstract provided.

Protecting Kentucky's Honey Bees: What's Killing The Buzz, Why It Matters, And What We Can Do To Help, Christine M. Ficker

Kentucky Journal of Equine, Agriculture, & Natural Resources Law

No abstract provided.

Rethinking Children's Advertising Policies For The Digital Age, Angela J. Campbell

Loyola Consumer Law Review

No abstract provided.

Empirical Rationalization Of Prior Substantiation Doctrine: Federal Trade Commission V. Reebok & Sketchers, Sungho Cho, Yongjae Kim

Loyola Consumer Law Review

Companies frequently make efficacy claims in advertisements to introduce new products featuring innovative technology. When such claims are supported by information obtained from scientific research or expert testimonials, they are subject to the doctrine of prior substantiation. Under the doctrine, an advertisement claim based on seemingly credible authorities must be substantiated by a reasonable basis before it is released to the general public. Otherwise, the advertisement will be in violation of Section 5(a) of the Federal Trade Commission Act that prohibits "unfair or deceptive acts affecting commerce."' This study investigates the rationale of the legal rule in light of consumer …

This Is Not Sparta: The Extensive And Unknown Inherent Risks In Obstacle Racing, Matthew S. Thor

Valparaiso University Law Review

No abstract provided.

How The E-Government Can Save Money By Building Bridges Across The Digital Divide, Alison Rogers

Michigan Journal of Race and Law

As government agencies and federal aid recipients begin to build a presence online, they must recognize that language accessibility is morally required, fiscally responsible, and compulsory under federal civil rights law. This Note explores statutes, federal policies, and case law that purport to protect the rights of limited English proficient (“LEP”) individuals in cyberspace. The Note suggests reforms, policies, and programs that should be adopted by federal aid recipients to ensure that LEP individuals have meaningful access to online services.

International Intellectual Property Shelters, Sam F. Halabi

Faculty Publications

The battle over the reach and strength of international protections for intellectual property rights is one of the critical flashpoints between wealthy and low-income countries: those protections are perceived to obstruct access to essential medicines, thwart regulatory efforts to promote individual and population health, and undermine traditional forms of agriculture and food production. While scholars have thoroughly tracked the bilateral and multilateral trade and investment treaties responsible for the expansion of international intellectual property rights worldwide, they have paid significantly less attention to the strength and form that opposition to international intellectual property expansion has taken. This Article examines the …

Texas Advance Directives Act: Nearly A Model Dispute Resolution Mechanism For Intractable Medical Futility Conflicts, Thaddeus Pope

Faculty Scholarship

Increasingly, clinicians and commentators have been calling for the establishment of special adjudicatory dispute resolution mechanisms to resolve intractable medical futility disputes. As a leading model to follow, policymakers both around the United States and around the world have been looking to the conflict resolution provisions in the 1999 Texas Advance Directives Act (‘TADA’). In this article, I provide a complete and thorough review of the purpose, history, and operation of TADA. I conclude that TADA is a commendable attempt to balance the competing goals of efficiency and fairness in the resolution of these time-sensitive life-and-death conflicts. But TADA is …

The ‘Objectives’ And ‘Principles’ Of The Wto Trips Agreement: A Detailed Anatomy, Alison Slade

Osgoode Legal Studies Research Paper Series

Articles 7 and 8 of the WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) are entitled ‘Objectives’ and ‘Principles’ respectively. These provisions occupy a prominent position within the text of the Agreement, yet have figured sparingly in the legal reasoning of the WTO Dispute Settlement Body (DSB). The illogical nature of this discrepancy is accentuated when considered in light of four key factors. First, the pioneering step taken by the negotiators of the TRIPS Agreement to include broad declarations of intent within the legally operative text. Second, the 2001 reinforcement given to the authority of these provisions through …

"Your Corrupt Ways Had Finally Made You Blind": Prosecutorial Misconduct And The Use Of "Ethnic Adjustments" In Death Penalty Cases Of Defendants With Intellectual Disabilities, Michael L. Perlin

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Live And Let Die: The Consequences Of Oklahoma’S Nondiscrimination In Treatment Act, Kendra Norman

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.

Removing Barriers To Telehealth In Oklahoma: Increasing Access To Care And Improving Health Outcomes Across The State, Samuel P. Clancy

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.

Transgenic Transboundary Pollution:Liability When Genetically Modified Pollencrosses National Borders, Teal O. Miller

University of the Pacific Law Review

No abstract provided.

Unconscionable Judicial Disdain For Unsophisticated Consumers And Employees' Contractual Rights? Legal And Empirical Analyses Of Courts' Mandatory Arbitration Rulings And The Systematic Erosion Of Procedural And Substantive Unconscionability Defenses Under The Federal Arbitration Act 1800-2015, Willy E. Rice

Faculty Articles

Although the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (“CFPB”) has taken steps to educate consumers about the perils of hidden and complicated arbitration provisions in contracts, these activities are not enough. Exceedingly large populations of unsophisticated employees need assistance because they are increasingly forced to arbitrate state and federal claims. Consequently, the Court's extremely harsh “federal policies” have gradually, systematically, and significantly eroded consumers and employees' ability to defend themselves in compulsive-arbitration trials.

While arbitration may be within the reasonable expectations of consumers, a process that builds prohibitively expensive fees into the arbitration process is not. It is substantively unconscionable to require …

Pomegranate Juice Can Do That? Navigating The Jurisdictional Landscape Of Food Health Claim Regulation In A Post-Pom Wonderful World, Hilary G. Buttrick, Courtney Droms Hatch

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

Thirty years ago, the most the consumer expected out of his or her morning glass of juice was a little extra vitamin C. By 2010, the consumer expected a lot more. POM Wonderful’s pomegranate juice, for instance, promised to improve cardiovascular health, treat erectile dysfunction, and combat prostate cancer.¹ Those claims made orange juice look a little pathetic. Of course, those wild promises also landed POM Wonderful in hot water with the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) for misleading the public with scientifically unsubstantiated health claims.²

Appearance As A Feminist Issue, Deborah L. Rhode

SMU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Branded, Irina D. Manta

SMU Law Review

Marks are traditionally said to serve three functions that are separate from the goals of other forms of IP: source identification, advertising, and guarantee of quality. The story, however, that patents and copyrights incentivize creation and that trademarks do not fulfill that purpose does not withstand scrutiny. This Article argues that brands have evolved in such a way that they serve important incentivizing purposes of their own, and that trademark law influences their ability to do so. This Article identifies three generally neglected functions of trademarks. The first pertains to the creation of original, unique marks and brands in and …

Exploring An Old Act For New Protections: How Title Ii Of The Ada Protects Pregnant Women Undergoing Methadone Treatment From State Agency Child Removal, Haley Johnston

Indiana Journal of Law and Social Equality

No abstract provided.

Picking Up The Slackline: Can The United States And Japan Successfully Regulate Commercial Fishing Of Bluefin Tuna Following Failed Intergovernmental Attempts?, Sarah E. Bauer

Indiana Law Journal

Part I of this Note will address the reasons why intergovernmental organizations have failed to adequately regulate the commercial fishing of Bluefin tuna. Part II offers an analysis of the Bluefin markets in the United States and Japan and argues that these countries are ideal candidates for successful Bluefin regulation because of their market structures. Part III explores the likelihood that the two countries would implement such regulations, taking into account the respective governments’ histories of species-specific regulation.

International Organizations: The Work Of The Un In 2015, Javier Etcheverry Boneo, Elizabeth A. Turchi, Renee Dopplick, Jehmal Hudson, Gabrielle Culmer, Poopak Taati

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

The End Of An Era? Federal Civil Procedure After The 2015 Amendments, Adam N. Steinman

Faculty Scholarship

The recent amendments to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure were the most controversial in decades. The biggest criticisms concerned pleading standards and access to discovery. Many feared that the amendments would undermine the simplified, merits-driven approach that the original drafters of the Federal Rules envisioned and would weaken access to justice and the enforcement of substantive rights and obligations.

This Article argues that the amendments that came into effect on December 1, 2015, do not mandate a more restrictive approach to pleading or discovery. Although there was legitimate cause for alarm given the advisory committee’s earlier proposals and supporting …

Five Decades Of Intellectual Property And Global Development, Peter K. Yu

Faculty Scholarship

The 2016-2017 biennium marks the historical milestones of several major pro-development initiatives relating to intellectual property law and policy. These important milestones include the Intellectual Property Conference of Stockholm in 1967, the adoption of the Declaration on the Right to Development (UNDRD) in 1986 and the establishment of the WIPO Development Agenda in 2007.

On January 1, 2016, the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) also came into force. Adopted by the UN General Assembly in September 2015, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development featured 17 SDGs and 169 targets. Prominently mentioned in Target 3.b of SDG 3 are the WTO …

‘And Miles To Go Before I Sleep’: The Future Of End Of Life Law And Policy In Canada, Jocelyn Downie

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

This paper reviews the legal status of a number of end-of-life law and policy issues that have, to date, been overshadowed by debates about medical assistance in dying. It suggests that law reform is needed in relation to palliative sedation without artificial hydration and nutrition, advance directives for the withholding and withdrawal of oral hydration and nutrition, unilateral withholding and withdrawal of potentially life-sustaining treatment, and the determination of death. To leave the law in its current uncertain state is to leave patients vulnerable to having no access to interventions that they want or, at the other extreme, being forced …

A Federal Certificate Of Rehabilitation Program: Providing Federal Ex-Offenders More Opportunity For Successful Reentry, Lisa A. Rich

Faculty Scholarship

The purpose of this Article is to propose a new federal certificate of rehabilitation program. The creation of such a program not only would help the thousands of federal offenders released back into their communities every year overcome employment barriers but would also serve as a model for states to use in addressing the need of their own burgeoning population of former offenders. In order to understand the magnitude of the problem, it is essential to understand the pool of offenders affected by their criminal history, the intent of the federal agencies to assist this disadvantaged group, and the barriers …

Medical Certificates Of Death: First Principles And Established Practices Provide Answers To New Questions, Jocelyn Downie, Kacie Oliver

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

Voluntary euthanasia became legal in Quebec in December 2015,1 although the legislation is currently the subject of litigation. In addition, physician-assisted death will become legal across Canada in February 2016, barring an extension on the deadline being given by the Supreme Court of Canada. There are many questions about how physician-assisted death should be regulated. One as-yet-unanswered question is “Should physician-assisted death be recorded anywhere on the medical certificate of death?” If so, a second question follows: “How should it be recorded — as manner and/or cause?” and if the latter, “Which category of cause: immediate, antecedent or underlying?”

To …

Polyjural And Polycentric Sustainability Assessment: A Once-In-A-Generation Law Reform Opportunity, Jason Maclean, Meinhard Doelle, Chris Tollefson

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

The Canadian environmental assessment (EA) regime is broken. At a time when the Canadian economy is both increasingly sluggish and unsustainable, we have an obligation – and perhaps a once-in-a-generation opportunity – to fundamentally reform EA to enable it to finally live up to its promise of promoting sound and sustainability-based decisions. This task is even more pressing in light of the global commitment under the Paris Climate Change Agreement to rapidly transition to greenhouse gas emissions neutrality. Among the many priorities of meaningful EA reform – moving beyond project-level assessments, focusing on net positive contributions to sustainability, avoiding costly …

Towards A Human Right To Food: Implications For Urban Growing In Baltimore City, Maryland, Becky L. Witt

Fordham Urban Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Financing Local Food Factories, Stephen R. Miller

Fordham Urban Law Journal

No abstract provided.