Digital Commons Network^™

“Context In Context”: The Collapse Of Title Ix’S Substantial Control Requirement, Morgan Bronson

BYU Law Review

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (Title IX) plays a critical role in addressing sex discrimination in academic settings. Though the statute envisions robust administrative enforcement, courts have largely been responsible for shaping Title IX’s liability framework, including in cases involving student-on-student sexual harassment. In two early decisions, the Supreme Court introduced five conditions necessary to establish a federal funding recipient’s liability in such cases. Among them was a two-part “substantial control” requirement: the recipient must have exercised control over both the harasser and the context of the harassment. The Court, however, never clearly articulated these conditions, leading …

Them’S Fightin’ Words—Maybe: Testing The Application And Boundaries Of The “Fighting Words” Doctrine Using A Randomized Survey Experiment, Erin Cranor, Dane Thorley

BYU Law Review

Advanced note to readers: The survey experiment in this Article depicts acts of verbal violence, including the use of raceand gender-based epithets. Some of the relevant caselaw also includes offensive or harmful language.

As one of only a handful of exceptions to the First Amendment’s bar on laws proscribing speech, “fighting words” are defined as “those personally abusive epithets which, when addressed to the ordinary citizen, are, as a matter of common knowledge, inherently likely to provoke violent reaction.”1 It is unclear, however, how this relatively old doctrine applies to contemporary speech. Additionally, the standard is itself potentially problematic in …

Eviscerating The State: The New Oligarchic And Authoritarian Project To Undermine American Constitutional Democracy, Jean L. Cohen

Emancipations: A Journal of Critical Social Analysis

No abstract provided.

High-Tech Industries' Global Resource Utilization And Transaction Cost Economics, Bei Johnson

Akron Law Review

No abstract provided.

Beyond The Face: Examining Legal Regulations For Law Enforcement Facial Recognition Technology, Insun Park

Akron Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Regulations Of Social Meaning In The Digital Platform Era, Peter O'Loughlin

Akron Law Review

The regulation of social meaning has traditionally been subjected to rational choice theory (RCT) perspectives in an age when the internet and technology were in nascent stages of development. Today, social meaning is being regulated in much more subtle but powerful ways by digital platforms who are leveraging behavioral economic (BE) insights to control, dictate, and reshape the social meaning of a variety of social roles, conduct, objects, and events. Whilst this form of social government (or private ordering of society’s social fabric) has obvious and desirable benefits to recalibrating society as a collective and assuaging or reversing the stereotyping …

Advancing Diversity Training For Police Officers Through Community-Based Multicultural Immersion Practices: Recommendations For Law Enforcement Trainers And Managers, Chaunda L. Scott, Jeanetta D. Sims, Charles Wilson .

Journal of the North American Management Society

From 2014 to the present, police shootings with the use of deadly force among communities of color have become a matter of heightened national concern. This study draws on an extensive literature review gathered from open sources, academic journal articles in law enforcement, criminal justice and government documents as well as on key definitional foundations to explore the impact of cultural competence training activities for police officers. Through a case study of primary research, insights are offered from an adult education community-based multicultural immersion program. The authors of this paper argue for the integration of community-based multicultural immersion learning approaches …

On Stealth Overruling, Tyler Rose Clemons

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

From Loper Bright v. Raimondo to Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, the Roberts Court has shown itself more than willing to overturn longstanding pillars of American jurisprudence explicitly. While such cases and other pathbreaking opinions have understandably garnered the lion’s share of attention, the Court has also demonstrated an increased willingness to tweak, modify, or even functionally overrule doctrines without expressly stating that it is doing so. I call this phenomenon “stealth overruling.”

A Conversation About Stare Decisis, The Honorable Debra Ann Livingston, John Q. Barrett

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

John Q. Barrett (“JQB”)

Chief Judge Debra Ann Livingston, welcome back to St. John’s.

The Chief Judge has been a friend to us for many years. It is an honor to host someone of her talent and someone in her position: the Chief Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.

We’re going to have a conversation for the first part of the program, about judging, her work, and stare decisis.

But first, we need to meet you and hear a little bit about your background—where you are from—and the path that took you to the …

Study Of Public Space Development Based On Preservation Of Cultural Heritage Areas: Case Study Of Muara Jambi Area, Farhan Rachmanda Graha Cahyadi

Cities and Urban Development Journal

Background: The development of public spaces in cultural heritage areas has an important role in supporting the preservation of historical and cultural values, while improving the quality of life of the community around the cultural heritage.

Aims: This study aims to examine the potential for developing public spaces that are in line with efforts to preserve the Muara Jambi Cultural Heritage area.

Methods: The method used is qualitative-descriptive with conceptual-contextual orientation. Data collection techniques are carried out through systematic literature studies, document analysis, and triangulation through stakeholder statements. Data are analyzed using thematic analysis to identify relevant key elements.

Results: …

Social Capital And Mobility Of Starling Madura Coffee Traders In Jakarta, Yeni Priana, Manneke Budiman

International Review of Humanities Studies

This study aims to generate knowledge about the social capital underlying the resilience of Starling Madura coffee traders in Jakarta. The idea that underlies this analysis is Bourdieu's social capital theory, in which social capital formed through networks is able to provide independence in overcoming social and economic problems. In addition to social capital, mobility strategies are utilized as opportunities by Starling Madura coffee traders in an effort to survive sustainably in the context of the informal economic order in Jakarta. This study provides data and analysis that strengthen the idea that Starling Madura coffee traders adopt distinctive social capital …

Indian Cosmology And Archaeoastronomy Of The Khmer Stone Temples In Sakon Nakhon-Thailand, Duangden Boonpok

International Review of Humanities Studies

This article is multidisciplinary study of cosmology, archaeology and astronomy of the Khmer stone temples in Sakon Nakhon. The study investigates of the temple’s architectural structure and environmental geography which related to the astronomical knowledge. The result of study found that the plan and structure of temples is influenced by the concept of Indian cosmology which has Mount Meru as the central axis. Buildings is signified as mountain or heaven with high and multi-layered base. The main building is symbolically important as the origin of power for the whole temple. The objects and positions are the transforming of cosmology concept …

Representation Of Women’S Role In Sumbanese Ikat Weaving (Tenun Ikat), Tasya Widya Krisnadi

International Review of Humanities Studies

The craft of weaving is not merely an economic or artistic activity, but also plays a central role in the identity and social life of the Sumba community, particularly in the Kodi District of Southwest Sumba Regency. Women in Sumba play a crucial role in the practice of tenun ikat. They are not only the custodians of the skills and technical knowledge of weaving, but also the bearers of cultural values embedded in the process. This research aims to reveal the role of Sumbanese women as preservers of tradition amidst the currents of modernization. This study employs qualitative methods with …

The Influence Of The Dutch East Indies Government’S Ethnic Politics On Discrimination Against The Chinese Ethnic Group In Batavia (1946–1950), Zaky Rizqy Zaidaan Fadrin, Fajar Muhammad Muhammad Nugraha

International Review of Humanities Studies

This study explains how discrimination was experienced by ethnic Chinese in Batavia in the early post-independence period in 1946–1950, with an emphasis on the influence of ethnic politics practiced by the Dutch East Indies colonial government. The purpose of this study is to analyze the pattern of discrimination against ethnic Chinese influenced by the legacy of colonial racial segregation. The method used is qualitative historical descriptive. The main sources of this study come from letters of complaint from the Chinese community in 1946–1949 in the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia (ANRI) and newspaper articles from 1950 from De …

The Comparison Of Classical Tafsir And Contemporary Interpretation Regarding The Verses Of Astrophysics And Cosmology In The Qur’An, Azra Ansharullah, Basuni Imamuddin

International Review of Humanities Studies

As time progressed, various kinds of discoveries in the field of science emerged one by one, especially in the field of Astronomy and its "little brother" Astrophysics. This opens up opportunities for everyone to research things that have been researched from a new perspective, such as researching the Koran from a science and technology perspective. There are 310 instances in the Qur'an where the word "heaven" is mentioned, and within them, there are various statements regarding the nature, phenomena, and other things related to the sky. With the progress of technology, there is undoubtedly a gap in the interpretation and …

Symbols And Power Discourses In Three Shadow Puppet Performances Of The Murwakala Play, Ayuk Latifah, Darmoko Darmoko

International Review of Humanities Studies

This study analyzes the symbols and discourses of power in three Purwa shadow puppet performances of the Murwakala play, styles of Surakarta, Yogyakarta, and Banyumas. The Murwakala play, centered on themes of purification and the transformation of power, contains a rich narrative for analyzing power dynamics through the interactions between characters such as Batara Kala (a form of destructive power), Batara Wisnu (a form of constructive power), and Batara Guru (a form of cosmic order). Using a qualitative approach, this research integrates Geertz's theory of cultural symbolism and Foucault's discourse of power to analyze how power is represented and negotiated …

The British Colonial Land Policy And The Development Of Plantation Agriculture In Colonial Southwestern Nigeria, Adesola S. Adesote

International Review of Humanities Studies

The main thrust of this paper is to critically analyse the impact of the colonial land policy of the British on plantation agriculture in colonial Southwestern Nigeria. Although land legislation had been introduced as far back as the late 19^th century, such as the Public Lands Ordinance of 1876 later renamed the Public Lands Acquisition Ordinance of 1917, it was vigorously pursued with the imposition of colonial rule in the period between 1900 and 1960. It argued that the introduction of land policy by the British in order to achieve her economic objective in Nigeria led to the commercialisation …

Soft Power: Brics Cultural Diplomacy And The Rebalancing Of Global Narratives, Brice Tseen Fu Lee, Kotchaphop Kornphetcharat, Juan Pablo Sims

International Review of Humanities Studies

BRICS has broadened its agenda beyond finance to cultivate soft power through coordinated cultural diplomacy. Examining official statements, press releases, and scholarly commentary on the bloc’s flagship film, sports, and ministerial initiatives, this article shows that cooperation is advancing from one-off spectacles toward structured, recurring institutions. Findings indicate two simultaneous dynamics: outwardly, BRICS venues amplify Global-South perspectives that diversify international cultural flows; inwardly, member states use the same platforms to signal national prestige, revealing persistent status competition. The result is an early but uneven cultural architecture—one that counters Euro-Atlantic narrative dominance yet has not crystallized into a fully coherent BRICS …

Constitutionalizing Traveling Feminisms In Kenya, Nkatha Kabira

Cornell International Law Journal

This Article uses selected provisions of the Constitution of Kenya 2010 to argue that although elaborate legal and institutional frameworks for promoting women’s empowerment have been adopted in Kenya’s legal framework, implementation of these provisions remains a challenge. Why is the law in the books so different from the law in action? This is the question this Article seeks to address. By mapping out how feminist ideas travel through collective action, colonial encounters, local, regional and world conferences, legislation, and other means, the Article demonstrates that the reason why implementation remains a challenge is that these ideas are often in …

Keynote Address: Community Over Constitution, Riddhi Mukhopadhyay

Seattle University Law Review

In this keynote address, Riddhi Mukhopadhyay challenges the veneration of the U.S. Constitution by highlighting its origins in exclusion and its continued failure to protect marginalized communities. Drawing from her experience in civil legal aid and gender justice, she argues that the Constitution was drafted to consolidate power among white, wealthy men and continues to reflect that legacy through racial, gender, and class-based inequities. While acknowledging the significance of constitutional amendments and landmark cases, Mukhopadhyay emphasizes that meaningful change has always come from community-led action, not top-down reform. Additionally, Mukhopadhyay calls on lawyers and legal advocates to center community, practice …

The Lost Child: A Critique On Transracial Adoption Rhetoric, Hallie Conyers-Tucker

Seattle University Law Review

Transracial adoption in the United States reflects a deeply rooted history of colonialism, cultural assimilation, and racial hierarchy, masked by rhetoric focused on the “best interest of the child.” The author critiques that rhetoric and traces how adoption practices and policies, both domestic and international, have evolved to reinforce systemic inequities. Through historical analysis of the forced adoption of Native American, Black, and Asian children, it reveals how the best interest standard has been wielded not to protect children but to uphold political and racial ideologies. The author argues that the prevailing adoption framework relies on child-saving and color-blind narratives …

The U.S. Drug Policy Hamster Wheel: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of Seattle’S New Drug Ordinance, Hallie Conyers-Tucker

Seattle University Law Review

The author critically examines Seattle’s new drug ordinance using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to reveal how legislative language influences the policy's actual effect. Although the ordinance claims to prioritize diversion and community health, the use of permissive language such as “may” and “shall” grants broad discretionary power to law enforcement and undermines the stated intent. The author situates the ordinance within a broader historical context, highlighting how drug policy in the United States has consistently been shaped by racialized and stigmatizing narratives. Additionally, the author argues that meaningful reform requires reframing the discourse around substance use to support public health …

Something Concrete: How Labor Advocates Can Best Respond To The Ambiguity Of Glacier Northwest, Ateş Serifsoy

Seattle University Law Review

The Supreme Court’s much-anticipated decision in Glacier North-west, Inc. v. International Brotherhood of Teamsters Local No. 174 (Glacier) marked a critical moment for workers’ rights under the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) and the longstanding practice of Garmon preemption. Yet, initial fears of a significant rollback of workers’ rights, driven by sensational headlines, were met with an unexpectedly narrow Court opinion. This Comment examines Glacier’s implications for Gar-mon preemption and the right to strike. It offers the historical background of the doctrine of labor law preemption before Glacier; presents a detailed analysis of Glacier itself, including its …

Season 2 Episode 4: The Upsides, Sara Gras

Season 02

With all the negative coverage of sports betting – concerns about gambling harms, cheating scandals, bad behavior directed towards athletes – the casual observer to wonder why we ever wanted it in the first place or why state legislators continue to push sports betting forward. The reality is that the sports betting industry has benefits, both economic and social, that make it hard to quit.

Features excerpts of interviews with:

Matt Holt, CEO (former)
IC360

Prof. Marc Edelman, Law Professor, Attorney and Sports Business Expert
Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College

Jacob Coin, Executive Advisor   
San Manuel Band of …

Can The Law Protect My Craft? How Gaps In Copyright Of Knitting Patterns Symbolize A Greater Struggle For Protecting Traditionally Feminine Forms Of Intellectual Property, Kysa Walzer

Seattle University Law Review

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the application of intel-lectual property rights within the context of copyright protection of knit-ting patterns. The article will discuss the underutilization of copyright pro-tection for knitters and crafters and its larger impact upon craft and indus-try traditionally comprised of women. Part I introduces knitting patterns and a short history of copyright protections. Part II discusses the specific areas within knitting patterns and the knitting community which give rise to legal grey areas for copyright protection. Part III discusses the larger implications of copyright and intellectual property in spaces where women traditionally make …

Constitutional Futurism As Pedagogy, Jeremiah Chin

Seattle University Law Review

Constitutional Law has transformed from a course on history to a discussion of current events. Cases like Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard College, Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, and Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo reveal that the study of constitutional law is not a static, or even linear, discussion of constitutional text and history. Law is a shifting, changing enterprise that reflects social constructions of power, authority, and identity. How do we teach, learn, and understand constitutional law that is so laden with history, riddled with theories of consistency and adherence to precedent, but ultimately subject …

The Middle Class, The Youth, The Highways: Production Of Space And Urban Memory In Blok M, Jakarta, Bimana Novantara, Yudi Bachrioktora, Lilawati Kurnia

International Review of Humanities Studies

This paper examines the historical and contemporary dynamics of the Blok M area in Jakarta as a public space undergoing a process of spatial, cultural, and symbolic transformation. Using Henri Lefebvre’s theory of the production of space and then relating it to the discourse of urban memory according to Abidin Kusno, this study traces how Blok M developed from the modernist urban planning of Kebayoran Baru after independence to be the epicenter of youth festivity, then declined until it rose again through a place that utilized the memory of this area in the past. This study highlights how the politics …

Language Of Love: Kafka’S Affective Meaning In Briefe An Milena, Kafka Aisyah Triny, Julia Wulandari

International Review of Humanities Studies

Franz Kafka is known for his twisted literature filled with dark atmosphere and word choices, however when it comes to writing letters to his muse, Milena, he uses words unknown to him. He expresses his barest soul to her using word choices that indicate someone who is amazed. For a person like Kafka, love is not all about complementing word choices and emotions, seen by his internal battles with himself and uncertainty regarding the topic of love. This research will use Geoffrey Leech’s semantic framework along with Monica Schwarz and Jeannette Chur’s Wortfeld theory. The study aims to examine Kafka’s …

Representing Vietnam’S Political Leadership In International Media: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of Coverage From 2018 To 2024, Jackson Andre William Kumaat

International Review of Humanities Studies

International media play a powerful role in shaping global perceptions of political legitimacy, particularly in states where authoritarian governance coexists with economic success. Vietnam—often described as a one-party socialist state with rapid economic growth—has attracted increased attention in international news coverage, yet little research has examined how its leadership is discursively constructed through media narratives. This study addresses that gap by analyzing how Vietnam’s political leadership was represented in international media from 2018 to 2024. Using Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Stuart Hall’s theory of representation, the research investigates how ideology, power, and meaning are embedded in news …

The 15-Minute City And Social Behavior Changes In The Tod Area: Blok M-Sisingamangaraja Tod Case Study, Dede Julfikar, Lin Yola

International Review of Humanities Studies

The changing process of the city can be due to economic development that results in urbanization then enlarges the city. This situation affects the growth and evolution of other activities in urban areas such as the emergence of new residential areas, industrial zones, and trade and service (commercial) areas. The government of DKI Jakarta is targetting to develop many public transportation infrastructure due to its target of 2040 70% of Jakarta residents live near by transit points. So that the distance of residential residents to urban facilities can be reached within 15 minutes of walking, cycling or using public transportation. …