Digital Commons Network^™

Government Vicarious Liability And The Concept Of Deemed Equality With Private Persons, Gary K. Y. Chan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The immunity against Crown liability was abolished in the United Kingdom in 1948 based on the Diceyan notion of rule of law and deemed equality under the law between public officials and private persons. This paper analyses government vicarious liability in respect of the acts and omissions of public officers under the Singapore Government Proceedings Act with reference to the concept of deemed equality. We will discuss the scope of the statute in light of recent common law developments in vicarious liability, statutory exceptions to government vicarious liability that may be justified by the functions of the government in the …

Reforming The Indian Bar: The Limits Of Technological Solutions, Varsha Aithala, Karthik Suresh

Articles

A majority of Indians do not have effective access to legal services, despite the constitutional promise of access to justice. There are two intertwined reasons for this: the unavailability of a sufficient number of good quality lawyers, and the high costs of accessing legal services. The Indian legal profession is highly unequal, with ‘prestige’ being the currency of upward professional mobility. The professional regulator, the Bar Council of India, simply lacks the capacity to regulate quality. As a consequence, clients lack the information to access lawyers, and to understand the outcomes they desire from them, and the fees they have …

Law School News : Spotlight On Trial Advocacy With Jamie Gau, L'16 : Alum And Adjunct Professor Reflects On The Strengths Of Rwu Law's Trial Advocacy Program 08-25-2025, Helga Melgar

Life of the Law School (1993- )

No abstract provided.

Centring Marginalisation In The Development Of Digital Courts: Reflections From Argentina, India, Kenya, And Malaysia, Siddharth Peter De Souza, Varsha Aithala, Francisco Mignaquy, Mercy Muendo, Anisha Nadkarni

Indian Journal of Law and Technology

This paper presents a multi-jurisdictional analysis of digitalisation of justice and the perceived role of courts as public institutions upholding the rule of law and ensuring access to justice to all. Using selected examples from Argentina, India, Kenya and Malaysia, it examines the impact of digitalisation efforts of these countries on their citizens, marginalised populations, the State and private sector. We propose to design an approach to digital justice that centres people on the margins of digital transformation of courts. This includes three elements – first, engagement with people centered perspectives; second, focus on disadvantage and addressing socio-technical factors; and …

Praktik Ethical Hacking Untuk Menjamin Keamanan Sistem Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Keamanan Dan Kerahasiaan Data Pribadi: Studi Komparasi Pengaturan Indonesia Dan Kanada, Amaraduhita Laksmi Prabhaswari, Henny Marlyna, Ayu Galuh Anggraini

Technology and Economics Law Journal

In the digital era that is increasingly integrated with electronic systems and technology, issues related to the security and confidentiality of personal data have become a crucial issue, especially in the midst of the increasing number of cyber attacks. The urgency of this protection is increasingly urgent along with the complex use of technology by PSE, both public and private. The practice of ethical hacking by contract based or policy-based emerged as a proactive effort in identifying and addressing security gaps in a system. Although in Canada this practice has been recognized as part of national security policy (RVDP), Indonesia …

Cardozo Law Launches The National Immigration Habeas Institute, As Part Of Its New Center For Immigration Innovation, National Immigration Habeas Institute, Center For Immigration Innovation

Cardozo Law News Archive

Cardozo School of Law has launched the Center for Immigration Innovation, which will serve as a hub for immigration-related initiatives, including the new National Immigration Habeas Institute (NIHI). A partnership with the National Immigration Litigation Alliance, NIHI will train attorneys to litigate federal habeas petitions—an increasingly critical tool to protect noncitizens facing detention or deportation. The Center will also house the Kathryn O. Greenberg Immigration Justice Clinic and a new Immigration Research Institute, which will host scholarship workshops, speaker series, and service-learning trips. Co-Directors Peter Markowitz and Lindsay Nash emphasized that the Center will strengthen advocacy, scholarship, and hands-on training …

What 2 Profs Noticed As Transactional Law Students Used Ai, Celia Bigoness, David Reiss

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

We teach entrepreneurship law clinics in which our students do transactional work on a wide range of matters, including business formation, contracts, intellectual property protection and regulatory compliance.

This past semester, we had access to generative artificial intelligence tools from Lexis, Westlaw and Bloomberg Law, as well as those that are more broadly available to the general public, including ChatGPT and Perplexity.

While we have not done a rigorous study of these tools, we have some early observations about how AI is changing how transactional lawyers do their jobs, particularly new transactional lawyers. Our own experience has been mostly positive, …

Depaul Digest

DePaul Magazine

College of Communication faculty Matthew Ragas and Ron Culp mentor students on gaining access to executive-level administration. News briefs on exciting developments at DePaul University’s 10 colleges and schools, from nursing students studying public health protocols in Prague to a new DePaul-hosted conference exploring AI in filmmaking. DePaul alumni volunteers share their experiences spreading the Vincentian mission nationwide.

The Origins Of "The Rule Of Law", Jeremy Kessler

Law and Contemporary Problems

No abstract provided.

Enhancing Client Intake Efficiency In The Removal Defense Program: A Nursing-Led Quality Improvement Initiative, Johnny Linares, Julia Tran Ngo, Daniel Orea, Atheana Yadira Lopez

Master's Projects and Capstones

This quality improvement project focuses on optimizing the intake process for the Removal Defense Program at a nonprofit immigration legal office serving asylum-seeking clients. The existing intake relied on unstructured, phone-call-based intake interviews that gathered incomplete information, leading to inconsistent documentation, reduced efficiency, and significant client processing delays. A structured, multilingual, and multiplatform new-client admission protocol coupled with the implementation of a client-facing resource guide for waitlist clients were co-developed and implemented using the Lippitt Change Theory framework. Utilizing a mixed methods approach, the study involved staff interviews and observational assessments with staff members from the program. Baseline intake process …

Mitigating Ai Bias With Prompt Augmentation, Verónica C. Gonzales

Faculty Scholarship

Large-language-model (“LLM”) outputs are inevitably shaped by assumptions, biases, and attitudes rooted in racism and other systemic inequities embedded in the civil-law tradition. This Equity-in-Justice CLE focuses on helping civil legal service providers recognize and work to eliminate biases in generative AI outputs through equity-centered prompt augmentation and engineering. These small, cost-free interventions re-orient LLMs assistance toward fairness, cultural competency, and client-centered outcomes. Participants leave with an action plan for embedding anti-bias safeguards in everyday research, drafting, and client communication tasks.

Private Equity And The Public Good, Daniel J. Morrissey

Buffalo Law Review

Private Equity (PE) is a term for large funds that use mostly borrowed money to buy and restructure companies, supposedly to make them more profitable. They manage trillions of dollars in holdings and have come to dominate many sectors of our economy, often not for the better. Private Equity is perhaps a more genteel form of the hostile take-overs that were so prevalent several decades ago, because now instead of ousting management of the firms they acquire, Private Equity offers their officials sweet deals to stay on. Those arrangements often raise conflicts which result in the shareholders of the target …

Artificial Intelligence And The Law: A Discussion And Selections From The Collection, Wolf Law Library, William & Mary Law School

Library Book Displays

On display in the Wolf Law Library August 2025 - January 2026.

The Origins Of "The Rule Of Law", Jeremy K. Kessler

Faculty Scholarship

This Article offers a novel account of the origins of “the rule of law” in the English-speaking world. The phrase itself likely entered the language as a literal translation of the Latin regula juris. Prior to the early seventeenth century, however, the phrase appears to have been used exclusively to refer to the specific legal rule or maxim most relevant to the resolution of a particular kind of dispute. The more general and abstract use of the phrase – to refer to an ideal of political morality or an ideal type of governance – first appeared in the public …

Ai In The Judiciary: The Singapore Case, Nydia Remolina Leon

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This paper examines the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the judicial system of Singapore. Singapore's judiciary has embraced AI not as a tool for adjudication, but as an augmentative instrument for legal research, procedural efficiency, and access to justice. It provides a detailed account of AI use cases in the courts, including case summarization, evidence review, assistance for selfrepresented litigants, and tools like the Divorce Assets Informative Division Estimator. The discussion then turns to the legal profession, exploring how law firms in Singapore are adopting AI technologies. The paper also addresses how AI implementation in the judicial system is …

The Role Of Proactive Management Based Regulation In Assisting Lawyers And Promoting Public Protection, Susan Saab Fortney

Akron Law Review

No abstract provided.

Making Criminal Penalties Collar-Blind On The Federal Level, Claire Osborn-Wright

Cleveland State Law Review

This paper is intended to be the first in a series of papers that addresses whether lower income individuals suffer all of the following at much higher rates than their percentage of the population would suggest should be the case: (1) police stops for questioning; (2) arrests; (3) prosecutions; (4) convictions; and (5) lengthy post-conviction incarcerations. In particular, this first paper addresses the question of whether prison sentences imposed for “blue-collar crimes” are significantly longer than prison sentences imposed for “white-collar crimes.” In general, “blue-collar crimes” refer to crimes that are committed by individuals who possess blue-collar professions and “white-collar …

Collective Judo: Ethics And Access To Justice In Mass Arbitration Companies, Michael Doman

Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal

Over the past five years, several law firms have engaged in “mass arbitration.” This strategy involves aggregating hundreds or thousands of arbitrations and filing them all at once against a company, sometimes forcing the company to either pay huge sums to defend all the claims or settle with all the claimants. This Article discusses how mass arbitration coordinated by nonlawyers and companies should be legally protected by courts and regulators, provided that companies in this space erect specific ethical safeguards. Most notably, mass arbitration companies should implement better procedures to obtain informed consent from their customers, using technology to lower …

Amicus Curiae Brief Of Law Professors In Support Of Plaintiffs-Appellees, Jeffrey Lubbers

Amicus Briefs & Court Filings

No abstract provided.

Pay-To-Play: Maine’S Unconstitutional Requirement For Indigent Defendants To Pay To Appeal Eviction Judgments, Shianne Bowlin, Fred Kerrigan, Alice Neal

Maine Law Review

Maine’s eviction appeal process imposes financial barriers that effectively condition appellate review on a tenant’s ability to pay. Under Maine law, tenants must pay rent or arrears—often in dispute—before filing an appeal. This “pay-to-play” requirement disproportionately harms low-income tenants, particularly those receiving public assistance, and violates constitutional due process and equal protection guarantees. Despite federal and state precedent rejecting financial barriers to appeals, Maine’s eviction appeal system continues to restrict access to justice for indigent tenants. This Article examines the legal and constitutional implications of these requirements, comparing Maine’s approach to eviction appeals with those of other states. It explores …

Equitable Housing Policy, Peter R. Pitegoff

Maine Law Review

Foreword

Evicted From The Outside, Colleen Cosgriff

Maine Law Review

In recent years, Maine has seen an increase in the number of people experiencing homelessness who are living outdoors. People living in these circumstances often shelter together in groups of tents or other temporary structures commonly referred to as “encampments.”As municipalities across Maine struggled with how best to respond to the increase in encampments across the state, the United States Supreme Court decided City of Grants Pass v. Johnson, a case originating in Grants Pass, Oregon. Grants Pass wanted to issue civil and criminal fines to people for sleeping outdoors, even when no alternative shelter was available. The city ultimately …

Guidelines On Access To Justice And Effective Remedies In The Context Of Toxics, Marcos Orellana

PEEL Faculty Scholarship

Guidelines on access to justice and effective remedies in the context of toxics

Report of the Special Rapporteur on the implications for human rights of the environmentally sound management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes, Marcos Orellana.

The Role Of Law In The Making—And Unmaking—Of Housing Policy, Addie Slanger

Montana Law Review

No abstract provided.

Hacking Generative Ai, Ido Kilovaty

Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review

Generative AI platforms, like ChatGPT, hold great promise in enhancing human creativity, productivity, and efficiency. However, generative AI platforms are prone to manipulation. Specifically, they are susceptible to a new type of attack called “prompt injection.” In prompt injection, attackers carefully craft their input prompt to manipulate AI into generating harmful, dangerous, or illegal content as output. Examples of such outputs include instructions on how to build an improvised bomb, how to make meth, how to hotwire a car, and more. Researchers have also been able to make ChatGPT generate malicious code.

This Article asks a basic question: do prompt …

Education Equity For Transgender And Gender-Diverse Persons In India: Insights Into Implementation Hurdles, Dipika Jain, Natasha Aggarwal, Kanmani Ray, Surbhi Karwa, Disha Chaudhari, Rishav Devrani

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

Part I of this article presents international, global, and national approaches to the right to education for transgender and gender-diverse persons. It then describes the Indian approach—the NALSA judgment and the Transgender Persons Act. Finally, it provides anecdotal insight into the lived experiences of transgender and gender-diverse persons and the marginalization they face.

Part II outlines: (i) the rationale of this study, (ii) the research methodology, and (iii) the questions in the right to information requests, which have formed the basis for investigating the landscape of education rights for transgender and gender-diverse students.

Part III provides an overview of the …

Floyd B. Mckissick, Jr. Interview, Floyd B. Mckissick Jr., Gene Nichol

North Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Proactive Management Based Regulation In Assisting Lawyers And Promoting Public Protection, Susan Saab Fortney

Faculty Scholarship

Increasingly, jurisdictions around the world are exploring and implementing proactive, management-based regulation (PMBR) as an alternative to traditional regulatory approaches that discipline attorneys after misconduct occurs. This essay examines the proof and potential of PMBR to empower lawyers and enhance public protection, while transforming the relationship between regulators and practicing lawyers. The essay is based on the Distinguished Lecture the author delivered at the Joseph G. Miller and William C. Becker Center for Professional Responsibility at the University of Akron School of Law.

Masthead & Table Of Contents

Dalhousie Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Making The Margins Visible: Dignity At Work And The Promise Of Puttaswamy—Review Of Gendered Bodies And Worlds Of Labour: Reconceptualizing Dignity After Puttaswamy Vs Union Of India, Shreya Shree

National Law School Journal

This review examines Kalpana Kannabiran and Devi Jagani’s reimagination of dignity as a framework for securing justice in gendered labourscapes. By centering a broad and dynamic understanding of dignity as a right, an inherent characteristic, and an enabling condition for rights-talk, the book advances new ways of articulating rights-claims through an intersectional and interdisciplinary reading of the Indian Constitution. The review highlights the significance of this approach in renewing understandings of the worker, labour, discrimination, and rights, while exploring its possibilities and limits in confronting violence and injustices embedded in gendered labour relations within the domestic sphere and beyond.