Digital Commons Network^™

Gravitational Property Theory, Monika U. Ehrman

Georgia Law Review

Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein defined and redefined the field of physics. Their theoretical work on gravity is still considered a monumental discovery of their respective times. Although born centuries apart, the theory of gravity each advanced is still essential. Newton’s theory is applied on Earth and throughout much of the solar system, while Einstein’s theory is used in special environments, such as near black holes. Neither theory is discarded, but instead used where appropriate. Likewise, gravitational property theory proposes that simple property theory—the ad coelum doctrine—is still appropriate for simple property, like stationary or vertical objects. And complex property …

Modular Construction And The Building Blocks Of Litigation: Navigating The Legal Framework Between The Ucc And Common Law, Rilee White

Georgia Law Review

The development of modular construction has re-raised a question central to construction litigation: whether contracts are governed by Article 2 of the UCC, which controls transactions in goods, or the common law, which controls other transactions, including those for services. Because the modular construction process involves fabrication of units off-site, it complicates the distinction between goods and services—while the final product is the service of constructing a building, the individual modules could arguably be classified as goods.

Although courts have historically treated processes involving prefabrication as the sale of goods, modern modular projects are increasingly becoming more customizable and service-driven. …

Achieving Judicial Consistency Through The Establishment Of Civil And Criminal Chambers In Indonesia's District And High Courts, Dwi Bintang Satrio, Efa Laela Fakhriah, Artaji Artaji

Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)

The Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia has implemented the chamber system to achieve judicial consistency and fulfil the fundamental objectives of law, namely legal certainty, justice, and expediency. However, despite this effort, inconsistencies in judicial decisions remain prevalent, particularly in civil and criminal cases at the district and high court levels. This study employed a normative juridical approach supported by case analysis to examine the effectiveness of the current chamber system in achieving judicial consistency and to identify structural weaknesses that hinder its optimal implementation. The results reveal that judicial inconsistencies are found in several court decisions, such …

Seven County Infrastructure Coalition V. Eagle County, Craig A. Rigdon

Public Land & Resources Law Review

The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 is a landmark in United States environmental law. For more than half a century, under its authority, all federal agencies contemplating proposed actions that pose significant environmental impacts have incorporated an analysis of those impacts into their decisions. These analyses provided an avenue for opponents to challenge an agency’s final decision in federal court. Earlier this year, the Supreme Court issued a “course correction” to rein in the disparate approaches that the lower courts had applied to cases challenging federal agency decisions on NEPA grounds. The unambiguous guidance the Court lays out for …

Fletcher's Uncertainty Principle, Matthew L.M. Fletcher

Tulsa Law Review

No abstract provided.

The New Existentialism In Indian Law, M. Alexander Pearl

Tulsa Law Review

No abstract provided.

Virtual Influencers, Real Liability: Strategies For Companies To Ensure Consumer Protection When Using Ai Influencers, Sherri Hufstedler

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

No abstract provided.

How Slow Legislative Reform Allows For Fake News, The Remedies And Solutions To Modernize The Law, Christopher Kidwell

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

No abstract provided.

Journal Of Roleplaying Studies And Steam (Jrpssteam) Vol. 4 [2025], Número 2 (Issue 2), Cristo Leon, Romano Ponce-Díaz Phd, Ivan Avila Gonzalez Phd, James Lipuma Dr., Bruce G. Bukiet, Ricardo Victoria-Uribe, Nazario Robles-Bastida, Chris Birmingham, Ximena Diaz Santillan, Edgar Francisco Vázquez Martínez He, Jorge Prieto Terrones, Juan Carlos C. González Vidal S, Edgar Meritano, Laura Magela Garcés Ramírez

Journal of Roleplaying Studies and STEAM

En una sesión de juego por medio del registro lingüístico se organiza la escena, se orienta la manera de nombrar las tareas, se distribuyen los roles actanciales, se establecen la expectativas; por lo tanto, se establece una puesta en escena. De tal forma, las prácticas lúdicas y ficcionales se configuran a partir de nuestra mirada del mundo e irremediablemente también reconfiguran esa misma mirada. El ser y el estar en un espacio es la especificidad mediática fundamental de los juegos de rol; dicho de otra manera, en los sistemas de juego de rol dentro de sus universos narrativos, en su …

Polygamy Permit: Perspective Of Mashlahah Mursalah On Wahbah Al-Zuhaili Thought, Mohammad Rifki Haekal, Mulawarman Hannase

Journal of Middle East and Islamic Studies

Polygamy in Islamic tenets is a difficult thing to do. It is required to be able to act fairly in fulfilling all the rights of his wives. Meanwhile, polygamy, which is allowed by Islam, is also limited to a maximum of four wives at a time. Therefore, many countries then provide a regulation in the form of a polygamy permit to create mashlahah in society, especially in the household. The regulation states that a husband who wants to have polygamy must obtain permission from the Court. In the scientific treasures of fiqh, creating benefit is the goal of the existence …

Diskursus Kriminalisasi Pemidanaan Terhadap Pemberi Gratifikasi, Muhammad Fatahillah Akbar

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

This article aims to examine the legal basis to prosecute gratifiers in Indonesian Corruption Justice System. Samin Tan as the giver of gratification to Eni Maulani Saragih had been acquitted by the Corruption Court of Jakarta Decision Number 37/Pid.Sus-TPK/2021/PN.Jkt.Pst on 30^th August 2021. Then, the Cassation to Supreme Court had also been rejected by Supreme Court Decision Number 2205 K/Pid.sus/2022 on 9^th June, 2022. Hence, Samin Tan stays acquitted. The decision majorly focuses on the “absence” of law which criminalizes gratifiers or gratification givers. Therefore, this article elaborates how similar cases shall be handled in the future. In …

El Cortez Reno Holdings, Llc V. Pfpco.’S Noble Pie Parlor, 141 Nev. Adv. Op. 68 (Dec. 23, 2025), Anastasia Vinson

Nevada Supreme Court Summaries

"Professional courtesy" cannot be relied on to excuse procedural failures, as unopposed motions may be treated as concessions under DCR 13(3).

Rightly Dividing Jus Ad Bellum And Jus In Bello In The Israel/Hamas War, Jeffrey F. Addicott

Pace International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Memories Of Dr. Eric Bergsten From The 2004 International Program, Christopher Boies

Pace International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Innocent Until Proven Guilty, Disenfranchised All The Same: Hidden Voter Suppression Within American Jails, Kennedy Hill

Arkansas Law Review

Jails throughout the United States hold thousands of legally eligible voters who have not been convicted of a crime While those convicted of felonies are often statutorily disenfranchised, pretrial detainees retain their civil rights—including the right to vote. In theory, this should guarantee them a voice. In practice, pretrial detention operates like a legal disqualification. Without meaningful enforcement mechanisms, the right to vote becomes hollow.

This Comment argues that implementing a national standard based on the proactive policies of Massachusetts and Nevada will ensure accessible voting for pretrial detainees. To build that argument, this Comment first explores the low level …

The Illusory Privilege Against Self-Incrimination, Kelsey Rohr

Arkansas Law Review

This Note addresses the insufficiency of the current system in protecting criminal defendants’ privilege against self-incrimination. Part II will outline the background legal principles of the issue, including the privilege against self-incrimination, the presumption of innocence, and the no-impeachment rule. This part will also address the Supreme Court’s sole judicial exception to the no-impeachment rule as laid out in Peña-Rodriguez v. Colorado. Part III will address the statistical significance of juror bias against criminal defendants who invoke the privilege, highlight the widespread nature of the bias, and argue that the procedural safeguards currently in place are insufficient to protect.

Workplace Retaliation And The Intersection Of Protected Conduct And Job Performance, Chris M. Schmidt

Arkansas Law Review

A host of statutory schemes seek to ensure equal employment opportunities in the United States by eradicating workplace discrimination (“EEO laws”). Consider two foundational pillars necessary for these EEO laws to strike the desired balance between individual rights and workplace efficiency. First, employees require robust protection from retaliation if they engage in protected conduct—for example, by reporting perceived discrimination. Second, employers can—and ideally, should—make employment decisions based on how an employee performs the job.

The interests in robust protection and performance-based decision-making serve the purposes of our EEO laws and are well-established. Rarely do they conflict (to the contrary, they …

Catholic Institutions And The Religion Clauses: Faith In A Liberal Democracy, Angela C. Carmella

Chicago-Kent Law Review

No abstract provided.

Dancing Around Bankruptcy: Using Texas Two-Steps To Efficiently Handle Mass Tort Liability, John Debbie

Chicago-Kent Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Ten Commandments In Louisiana Public Schools: A Study In The Survival Of Establishment Norms, Ira C. Lupu, Robert W. Tuttle

Chicago-Kent Law Review

No abstract provided.

History, Tradition, And Finding Common Ground: The Establishment Clause And Religious Expression By The State, Kathleen A. Brady

Chicago-Kent Law Review

No abstract provided.

Jurisdictional Diversity, Tradition, And The Religion Clauses, Steven D. Smith

Chicago-Kent Law Review

No abstract provided.

Attempting To Protect The Liberty And Equality Of Minority Faiths And Nonreligious Individuals When The Surpreme Court Will Not Do So, Alan Brownstein

Chicago-Kent Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Supreme Court's Gay Rights-Religious Liberty Contortions, Andrew Koppelman

Chicago-Kent Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Rejection And Reemergence Of The 1825 Louisiana Civil Code In California, Peter Reich

Journal of Civil Law Studies

No abstract provided.

The Dynamics Of The Louisiana Civil Codes, Olivier Moréteau

Journal of Civil Law Studies

This article presents a historical survey of the codification of Louisiana civil law from a dynamic perspective, aiming to identify why a digest was preferred over a code, only to be replaced by a code intended to be a better digest. Although attempts to codify Louisiana civil law reconnected it with French sources and methodology after the Spanish period and the United States' purchase, the local legal community resisted the force of codification. The abrogation of the ancient laws, a multilingual ius commune with which judges and lawyers were familiar, generated anxiety in a conservative and educated community. Additionally, a …

Printing The Civil Code Of 1825: A Bibliographic Essay, Warren Billings

Journal of Civil Law Studies

No abstract provided.

Liability Rules In Medical Artificial Intelligence, Alfio Guido Grasso

Journal of Civil Law Studies

No abstract provided.

A Bicentennial Approach To An Exegetical School Of Private Law In Louisiana, Agustín Parise

Journal of Civil Law Studies

This paper is an expansion of the 44th Tucker Lecture on Civil Law. It deals with sources of law, codification, and the place of the civil code in the State of Louisiana. It explores to what extent it is possible to speak of the presence of an exegetical school of private law in Louisiana throughout the life of the Louisiana Civil Code. This paper is divided into five parts. First, it deals with foundational aspects of codification and of the Louisiana Civil Code. Second, it offers a conceptualization of exegesis. Third, it presents a periodization to help analyze the degree …

The Myths And Legal Implications Of Cancel Culture, Yekun Zhou

Loyola of Los Angeles Entertainment Law Review

No abstract provided.