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Articles 91 - 120 of 2139
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Reconciling Faith And Modernity: The Sociocultural Dynamics Of Jadidism As An Islamic Reformist Movement In The Russian Empire, Meltem Akıncı, Zhanerke Nyshanbay
Reconciling Faith And Modernity: The Sociocultural Dynamics Of Jadidism As An Islamic Reformist Movement In The Russian Empire, Meltem Akıncı, Zhanerke Nyshanbay
Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe
This study examines the Jadidist movement as a fundamental sociocultural and religious- reformist phenomenon that redefined the intellectual, spiritual, and educational landscape of the Turkic-Muslim populations within the Russian Empire and Central Asia. Moving beyond traditional historical narratives, this article analyzes Jadidism through the lens of sociological theories of modernization, cultural identity, and transnational intellectual exchange, placing special emphasis on its Islamic reformist core. By integrating Western secular pedagogical models with indigenous Islamic renewal discourse, Jadidists attempted to navigate the delicate tension between religious tradition and modern demands. The research investigates the institutional development of "Usul-i Jadid" schools, the role …
Theological Foundations And Regional Adaptation Of Jihadist Ideology In Russia: Case Of The North Caucasus, Tilekkabyl Amangeldi, Gulzhan Rasheva
Theological Foundations And Regional Adaptation Of Jihadist Ideology In Russia: Case Of The North Caucasus, Tilekkabyl Amangeldi, Gulzhan Rasheva
Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe
The growth of jihadist movements in the post-Soviet space has generated significant scholarly interest in the ideological and theological mechanisms that sustain militant mobilization. Russia, particularly the North Caucasus, represents an important regional context where global jihadist doctrines intersect with local political conflicts and historical narratives of resistance. This article examines the theological foundations of Russian jihadist movements in order to understand how militant actors reinterpret Islamic doctrines to legitimize violence and construct ideological authority. The study aims to analyze the key theological concepts that shape jihadist discourse in Russia and to explore how global Salafi-jihadist ideology has been adapted …
Daily Religious Life Of Muslims In Kazakhstan And Central Asia During The Soviet Period: Controlled Institutions, Unofficial Islam, And Atheist Policy, Adiyet Kairken, Kuralay Aubakirova
Daily Religious Life Of Muslims In Kazakhstan And Central Asia During The Soviet Period: Controlled Institutions, Unofficial Islam, And Atheist Policy, Adiyet Kairken, Kuralay Aubakirova
Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe
The core focus of this study is the dialectic between the anti-religious policies enforced by the Soviet totalitarian regime in Central Asia and Kazakhstan and the resilience of Muslim communities in preserving their spiritual and cultural identity. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the daily religious lives of Muslims under Soviet rule, examining the constraints placed on religious obligations and the functions of state-controlled religious institutions. The research investigates the mechanisms of the state apparatus, including atheist propaganda techniques, educational campaigns targeting the youth, and the role of official religious directorates. Furthermore, the study identifies the significance of underground …
Characteristics Of Women Who Fast During Pregnancy: Findings From The Kuwait Birth Cohort Study, Abdullah Al-Taiar, Ali H. Ziyab, Reem Al Sabah, Ahmed N. Albatineh, James Blando, Majeda S. Hammoud
Characteristics Of Women Who Fast During Pregnancy: Findings From The Kuwait Birth Cohort Study, Abdullah Al-Taiar, Ali H. Ziyab, Reem Al Sabah, Ahmed N. Albatineh, James Blando, Majeda S. Hammoud
Epidemiology, Biostatistics, & Environmental Health Faculty Publications
Fasting during pregnancy is a widespread practice in Muslim communities, yet its health implications remain poorly understood. A lack of conceptual frameworks and limited understanding of the characteristics of women who fast during pregnancy have hindered research in this area. This study examines the differences in several nutritional biomarkers between women who fasted and those who did not and identifies factors associated with fasting behaviour. We analysed data from the Kuwait Birth Cohort in which information on fasting, sociodemographic characteristics and health behaviours was collected via structured interviews between 2017 and 2021. Clinical and laboratory data were extracted from medical …
Faik Tagirov And Tatar Constructivism: The Making Of A New Tatar Book, Miriam Akhmetshin
Faik Tagirov And Tatar Constructivism: The Making Of A New Tatar Book, Miriam Akhmetshin
Scripps Senior Theses
Working in the style of constructivism, Faik Tagirov primarily designed book covers for Tatar agitational literature in the 1920s. Studying at VKhUTEMAS and working for numerous publishing houses, Tagirov participated in several domestic and international exhibitions with well-known artists like Aleksandr Rodchenko and El Lissitzky. Tagirov utilized photomontage, geometricism, and unique typographical designs to create potent materials for a Tatar population. Current scholarship fails to adequately acknowledge the diverse influences impacting the work of non-Russian artists such as Tagirov. Using visual and iconographic analysis, I argue for an approach that recognizes Tagirov's work as syncretic in nature, utilizing both indigenous …
Introduction: Intersections Of Gender And Genres In Medieval Judaism, Christianity, And Islam, Linda G. Jones
Introduction: Intersections Of Gender And Genres In Medieval Judaism, Christianity, And Islam, Linda G. Jones
Medieval Feminist Forum: A Journal of Gender and Sexuality
The introductory essay describes the aims of this special volume, which are to analyze the intersections between religion and gender in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic cultures, as reflected in diverse pre- and early modern textual genres, and to explore the relationships between gender and genres. Toward these ends the authors interrogate how a given textual genre, as well as the gender of the author/compiler and the intended audience, might influence the representations of gender. The introductory essay summarizes the seven articles constituting the volume, highlights the points of contact and differences among them, and reflects upon their broader significance to …
The Masculinization Of Grief In Arabic Adab Literature: Ibn ‘Abd Al-Rabbih’S Al-‘Iqd Al-Farīd, Linda G. Jones
The Masculinization Of Grief In Arabic Adab Literature: Ibn ‘Abd Al-Rabbih’S Al-‘Iqd Al-Farīd, Linda G. Jones
Medieval Feminist Forum: A Journal of Gender and Sexuality
This article explores the relationship between masculinity and literary expressions of grief in premodern Islamic cultures based on “The Book on Women Mourners, Condolences, and Elegies,” from the adab anthology, al- ‘Iqd al-farīd (The Unique Necklace), compiled by the Cordovan belletrist Ibn ‘Abd Rabbih (d. 940). While Ibn ‘Abd Rabbih’s selection of literary specimens by female authors has been studied in depth, the far more numerous examples of male-authored bereavement literature have not been analyzed in detail. Hence this article has two aims. First, it will examine the relatively neglected genres of Arab-Islamic bereavement literature featuring grieving …
Gender And Genres In The Ādāb-I Menāzil, Özgen Felek
Gender And Genres In The Ādāb-I Menāzil, Özgen Felek
Medieval Feminist Forum: A Journal of Gender and Sexuality
Gender and gender roles routinely appear across different genres of Islamic literature. Since each genre’s handling of the subject of gender is evaluated within the borders of that genre, studies in the field have been based on specific texts or genres. The Ādāb-ı menāzil (“Manners of the Household”), written by ʿAbdü’l-Laṭīf ibn-i Ṭurmış Ḳaramānī (d. 1516), is a unique Ottoman Turkish text that brings together the perspectives of different genres. It is a book of morals, advice, and religious knowledge written for women, as Ḳaramānī explicitly declares in the preface. The work includes Qur’anic verses, hadiths, stories, and legends …
Ottoman Wikālas In Cairo: Islamic Architecture Beyond The Mosque, Yumna Moussa
Ottoman Wikālas In Cairo: Islamic Architecture Beyond The Mosque, Yumna Moussa
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis traces one of the largest architectural typologies in Cairo: the wikāla, a type of urban caravanserai unique to Egypt. Estimated to have reached more than five hundred buildings by the 18th century, the wikāla was the building of choice for most patrons in Ottoman Cairo. This study initially investigates the evolution of commercial architecture within the Islamic city. It then explores the defining architectural features of Cairene wikālas built between the 16th and 18th centuries—their plans, decorative/iconographic programs, and urban distribution—based on waqfiyyas, chronicles, travelers’ accounts, and photographic archives. Since many of …
The Transformation Of Traditional And Islamic Values Of Kazakhstani Youth In The Context Of Globalization, Nurgul Kabylbayeva, Kalimash Begalinova, Mohd Roslan Bin Mohd Nor
The Transformation Of Traditional And Islamic Values Of Kazakhstani Youth In The Context Of Globalization, Nurgul Kabylbayeva, Kalimash Begalinova, Mohd Roslan Bin Mohd Nor
Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of globalization processes on the transformation of traditional and Islamic values among Kazakhstani youth. In the context of contemporary globalization, the expansion of the information space, intensified cultural interaction, and the spread of Western lifestyles significantly influence young people’s worldview and value orientations. The study examines how traditional values inherent in Kazakhstani society and the spiritual and cultural foundations of Islam are being transformed in the consciousness of youth. Particular attention is paid to the emergence of new value models under the influence of globalization and their impact on national identity …
Reassessing Islamization In South Kazakhstan Through Written, Genealogical, And Archaeological Sources, Mukhtar Kozha, Asset Kuranbek
Reassessing Islamization In South Kazakhstan Through Written, Genealogical, And Archaeological Sources, Mukhtar Kozha, Asset Kuranbek
Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe
This article re-examines the early spread of Islam in South Kazakhstan through a comparative analysis of Arabic-Persian frontier narratives, nasab- nama (genealogical charter) traditions, and archaeological evidence from the Syrdarya, Otrar, Turkestan, and Sayram regions. It argues that Islamization in South Kazakhstan did not begin as a single act of conquest or mass conversion, but as a gradual frontier process shaped by military expansion, political realignment, migration, sacred-lineage formation, and urban transformation during the Umayyad (661–750 CE) and early Abbasid (from 750 CE) periods. The study applies a triangulatory method, distinguishing between contemporaneous frontier narratives, retrospective sacred genealogies, and archaeological …
Religious Radicalism And Terrorism In Central Asia After The Collapse Of The Soviet Union: Historical Roots, Geopolitical Factors, And Security Dynamics, Meltem Akıncı Phd
Religious Radicalism And Terrorism In Central Asia After The Collapse Of The Soviet Union: Historical Roots, Geopolitical Factors, And Security Dynamics, Meltem Akıncı Phd
Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe
This article provides a comprehensive academic analysis of the historical origins, ideological foundations, and systemic impacts of religious radicalism and international terrorism on the geopolitical landscape of Central Asia in the post-Cold War era. The study closely examines how the ideological vacuum created by the collapse of the Soviet legacy, complex socioeconomic transformations during the transitional period, and external geopolitical influences from the Middle East and South Asia facilitated the latent and overt expansion of destructive radical religious movements in the region. Special emphasis is placed on the dual nature of the Islamic factor in the nation-building processes of Central …
Religious Security In The Post-Soviet Space: The Evolution And Socio-Political And Legal Consequences Of Religious Extremism In Kazakhstan, Zharas Akhan Phd
Religious Security In The Post-Soviet Space: The Evolution And Socio-Political And Legal Consequences Of Religious Extremism In Kazakhstan, Zharas Akhan Phd
Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe
Examination of the processes of emergence, institutionalization, and development of religious extremism in post-Soviet Kazakhstan. Utilizing historical-comparative and institutional methodologies, the study analyzes the socio-political and economic factors that have contributed to the spread of radical religious ideologies from the 1990s to the present. The development of religious extremism in Kazakhstan is categorized into three chronological stages: the latent formative period (1991–1998), the stage of institutional adaptation and prevention (1999–2010), and the phase of transition to terrorist methods (2011–present). The research findings demonstrate that religious extremism in Kazakhstan has evolved from a perceived external threat into a complex internal security …
Russian-Speaking Muslim Female Bloggers And The Rise Of Gender-Justice Religious Narratives, Kymbat Karatyshkanova, Kudaiberdi Bagasharov
Russian-Speaking Muslim Female Bloggers And The Rise Of Gender-Justice Religious Narratives, Kymbat Karatyshkanova, Kudaiberdi Bagasharov
Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe
This article examines how Russian-speaking Muslim female bloggers use social media to construct gender-justice narratives and contest religious interpretations they perceive as patriarchal. Drawing on qualitative thematic discourse analysis of publicly available content on YouTube, Instagram, Telegram, and TikTok, the study conceptualizes these practices as digital counter-preaching: the public contestation and reframing of existing religious messages through alternative Islamic arguments. The findings identify several strategies, including framing women’s rights as divinely grounded entitlements, distinguishing Islam from patriarchal cultural practices, promoting economic resilience, challenging selective gendered accountability, and emphasizing reciprocity in marital relations. Digital counter-preaching emerges from perceived interpretive injustice, women’s …
Postsecular Coping Mode (Pscm): The Mechanism Of Sacred Meaning Reactivation Under Secular Pressure In Post-Soviet Societies, Aruzhan Akhmetova Aru, Mukhan Issakhan
Postsecular Coping Mode (Pscm): The Mechanism Of Sacred Meaning Reactivation Under Secular Pressure In Post-Soviet Societies, Aruzhan Akhmetova Aru, Mukhan Issakhan
Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe
This article introduces the concept of Postsecular Coping Mode (PSCM) to explain the changing psychological dynamics of religiosity in post-Soviet societies. Classical studies of religious coping typically conceptualize religion as a relatively stable strategy or behavioral response. However, under postsecular conditions, religious experience increasingly appears as a context-sensitive, episodically activated meaning-regulation mode. In response, the notion of coping mode is conceptualized as a distinct psychological category analytically differentiated from conventional coping frameworks. The proposed PSCM model describes the selective reactivation of sacred meaning resources under conditions of perceived secular pressure. Its processual architecture unfolds through four stages: (1) the trigger …
Bridging Machine Learning And Islamic Scholarship: A Study In Hadith Translation And Similarity Analysis, Asiyah R. Speight
Bridging Machine Learning And Islamic Scholarship: A Study In Hadith Translation And Similarity Analysis, Asiyah R. Speight
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
Translation of Islamic religious texts poses unique challenges requiring both linguistic and theological expertise. This study explores the application of neural machine translation (NMT) models to Arabic-English hadith translation while analyzing semantic similarity patterns across different human translations. Using the complete Sahih Bukhari corpus (7,550 hadiths) as the primary dataset, we adopt a dual approach combining transfer learning and comprehensive neural network analysis to demonstrate the critical impact of corpus size on model performance.
First, we fine-tune a pre-trained MarianMT Arabic-English translation model on the full Sahih Bukhari corpus, comparing models trained on 40 hadiths versus 7,550 hadiths. Performance is …
The Role Of Religion In Ensuring National Security In Kazakhstan, Nurzhan Arystanbekuly Tursin Nur, Mukhan Issakhan, Shamshadin Kerim, Kovalev Dmitriy, Kalimash Begalinova
The Role Of Religion In Ensuring National Security In Kazakhstan, Nurzhan Arystanbekuly Tursin Nur, Mukhan Issakhan, Shamshadin Kerim, Kovalev Dmitriy, Kalimash Begalinova
Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe
This article explores the foundations of state policy aimed at ensuring religious stability in Kazakhstan. It analyzes the scientific basis of religious studies, principles of tolerance toward the country’s traditional religions, and the role of religion in maintaining national security. The methodology, goals, and objectives of the study are shaped by the interdisciplinary nature of the subject. The research examines state and interfaith relations, the development of freedom of religion, its integration into domestic and international law, and ways of resolving legal contradictions, traditions, and stereotypes. The theoretical framework relies on the works of domestic and foreign scholars devoted to …
The Mālikī School In The United Arab Emirates: Historical Roots, Methodological Specificities, And Contemporary Prospects., Dr. Hafiz Abdel Rahman Mohamed
The Mālikī School In The United Arab Emirates: Historical Roots, Methodological Specificities, And Contemporary Prospects., Dr. Hafiz Abdel Rahman Mohamed
Faculty Peer-Reviewed Papers | بحوث هيئة التدريس المحكمة
No abstract provided.
Islamic Political Anti-Theology: A Discursive Practice Of Contingency Beyond Sovereign Politics, Jason Andrus
Islamic Political Anti-Theology: A Discursive Practice Of Contingency Beyond Sovereign Politics, Jason Andrus
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Contributing to the field of political theology from outside the European Christian tradition, this dissertation develops a description of the distinct logics that Islamic theology generates from its metaphysical assumptions. These logics in turn make possible a discourse of political anti-theology where politics operates through contingency rather than sovereignty. Political theology scholarship has excavated how modern politics derives from secularized Christian theological concepts—particularly transcendent sovereignty. This study demonstrates that Islamic theology's absolute insistence on divine transcendence (tawhid) produces something fundamentally different: a politics that renders sovereign authority conceptually impossible. I identify this discursive practice of political anti-theology through …
Cv: Elizabeth Sartell (Theology, Islamic Studies), Elizabeth Sartell
Cv: Elizabeth Sartell (Theology, Islamic Studies), Elizabeth Sartell
Theology Department Faculty Curricula Vitae
No abstract provided.
Investigating The Relationship Between Noun Classes And Plant Folk Taxonomy In Chasu Language Of Kilimanjaro Region In Tanzania, Peter Rabson Mziray
Investigating The Relationship Between Noun Classes And Plant Folk Taxonomy In Chasu Language Of Kilimanjaro Region In Tanzania, Peter Rabson Mziray
Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
The current study investigates the relationship between noun classes and plant folk taxonomy in Chasu (G 22). The study focuses on two objectives: the first objective is to describe the plant folk taxonomy in Chasu and the second objective is to determine the relationship between noun classes and plant folk taxonomy in Chasu. Data were collected from rural villages in Same and Mwanga districts by using free listing, field interviews (jungle-walk-and-identify), and written texts containing Chasu plant names. The findings reveal that Chasu folk taxonomy reflects different ethnobotanical categories; including a unique beginner which is mmea/mimea ‘plant(s)’, and three life …
Environmental Sustainability In The Prophetic Sunnah: A Foresight Perspective, Usama Abdul Majid Alani
Environmental Sustainability In The Prophetic Sunnah: A Foresight Perspective, Usama Abdul Majid Alani
Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics
This research investigates the role of the Prophetic Sunnah in advancing environmental sustainability by analyzing the teachings and practices of the Prophet Muhammad that advocate for the conservation of natural resources and the protection of the rights of future generations. The study focuses on three key dimensions: the conceptual foundations of sustainability within the Sunnah, practical Prophetic directives such as tree planting and water management, and the potential of these teachings to inform contemporary environmental policies. The findings indicate that the Sunnah presented a forward-thinking model of sustainability, emphasizing resource preservation and responsible consumption. This is evidenced by concrete measures, …
Decision Under Risk And Uncertainty In Fiqh And Economics, Muhammad Anas Bin Mustafa Al- Zarqa, Mohammed Bin Ibrahim Al-Suhaibani
Decision Under Risk And Uncertainty In Fiqh And Economics, Muhammad Anas Bin Mustafa Al- Zarqa, Mohammed Bin Ibrahim Al-Suhaibani
Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics
This paper examines the concept of acting upon conjecture (ẓann) through an interdisciplinary lens, integrating Islamic jurisprudence and modern economic theory. It focuses on decision-making under conditions of risk and uncertainty, distinguishing between risk—which is quantifiable—and uncertainty, which relies on subjective judgment. The study explores behavioral attitudes toward risk (aversion, neutrality, and preference) and their implications for strategic decision-making. From a jurisprudential standpoint, the paper highlights the epistemic limitations of human knowledge, particularly regarding the unseen (ghayb), and the consequent reliance on probabilistic reasoning in Islamic legal thought. It compares classical epistemic categories (yaqīn, ẓann, shakk, wahm, and muḥāl) with …
Takaful Insurance In The Palestinian Territories: Reality And Development Mechanisms, Ismaeil Mohammad Shindi Amayreh, Kifah Abdul Qader Al Ssuwari
Takaful Insurance In The Palestinian Territories: Reality And Development Mechanisms, Ismaeil Mohammad Shindi Amayreh, Kifah Abdul Qader Al Ssuwari
Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics
This study aims to investigate Takaful insurance in the Palestinian territories, as one of the most important financial cases that has gained prominence on the Palestinian economic landscape following the establishment of Islamic banking. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of Takaful insurance, identifying obstacles and challenges that hinder its growth in Palestine. Given the distinct socio-economic and political circumstances in Palestine, and in an attempt to create practical mechanisms for the development of Takaful insurance in this region, the study aims to promote the role of Takaful insurance in fostering public confidence. Takaful offers insurance …
Observance Of Economic Values In Andalusian Nawazil Heritage And Its Impact On Rationalizing Commercial Conduct: Deriving General Foundations And Their Applications In Branches And Specific Cases, Ahmed El Kadaoui
Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics
This research falls within the context of establishing a value system that governs and directs commercial behavior in an era where economic actions are driven by the hegemony of profit and wealth, and are detached from ethical oversight, leading to the spread of negative values in the markets that were previously uncommon to the public. The research aims to shed light on economic values from an Islamic perspective and their ability to guide commercial behavior. The research also seeks to bridge the gap between the operational environment of commercial behavior and the theoretical framework of these values from the perspective …
Drop Shipping From The Perspective Of Financial Transactions: A Fiqh Study On Its Concept And Characterization, Sara Ali Ahmad Al-Hiary
Drop Shipping From The Perspective Of Financial Transactions: A Fiqh Study On Its Concept And Characterization, Sara Ali Ahmad Al-Hiary
Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics
Electronic selling has become a fundamental aspect of contemporary life. The flexibility of Islam accommodates this practice as long as it serves the interests of the people, facilitates their lives, and does not involve anything forbidden by a definitive text or general rule. This research aims to shed light on drop shipping sales, a new type of sale that is similar to Murabaha sale which Islamic jurists have deemed lawful as they fall under the general permissibility of selling and trading to fulfill people’s needs, provided that there is no gharar, darar, or Riba involved and that regulations and laws …
Singing A Wide Heart: Timbre And Sung Prayer In Senegal’S Layène Community, Margaret L. Rowley
Singing A Wide Heart: Timbre And Sung Prayer In Senegal’S Layène Community, Margaret L. Rowley
Yale Journal of Music & Religion
Layène sung prayer (called sikkar) is embedded within the religious practices of the Layène community, a minority Sufi order in Dakar, Senegal. This article explores the functions of Layène sung prayer, focusing especially on its loud, vibrational timbre. Both men and women vocalists in call-and-response sing loudly, using wide vibrato and electronic amplification to ensure that the sikkar reaches the inhabitants—both human and non-human—in the surrounding community. This article demonstrates that the distinctive timbre of Layène sung prayer serves the spiritual functions of binding the community together in spiritual and social cohesion, increasing individual and collective generosity, and demarcating …
Transmodern Cinema And Decolonial Film Theory: A Study Of Youssef Chahine’S Al Maṣīr, Joshua Polanski
Transmodern Cinema And Decolonial Film Theory: A Study Of Youssef Chahine’S Al Maṣīr, Joshua Polanski
Journal of Religion & Film
This is a book review of Robert K. Beshara, Transmodern Cinema and Decolonial Film Theory: A Study of Youssef Chahine’s Al Maṣīr (Bloomsbury, 2024).
Iranian Culture In Bahram Beyzaie’S Cinema And Theatre: Paradigms Of Being And Belonging (1959-79), Hessam Abedini
Iranian Culture In Bahram Beyzaie’S Cinema And Theatre: Paradigms Of Being And Belonging (1959-79), Hessam Abedini
Journal of Religion & Film
This is a book review of Saeed Talajooy, Iranian Culture in Bahram Beyzaie’s Cinema and Theatre: Paradigms of Being and Belonging (1959-79) (London: I.B. Tauris, 2023)
Mapping Muslimness In Hindi Cinema, Syed Haider
Mapping Muslimness In Hindi Cinema, Syed Haider
Journal of Religion & Film
This essay reviews two books: Nadira Khatun, Postcolonial Bollywood and Muslim Identity: Production, Representation, and Reception (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2024), and Mohammed Asim Siddiqui, Muslim Identity in Hindi Cinema (New York: Routledge, 2025).