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The Peace And Security Council Of The African Union: The Known Unknowns, Jeremy I. Levitt

Journal Publications

The protocol establishing the Peace and Security Council of the African Union (AUPSC Protocol) will likely come into force in 2004 and will serve as the continent's first continent-wide, regional, collective security system. This article examines how African states chose to evolve the African Union regional collective security system. Particular attention is devoted to the concept of conflict management through military intervention in the AUPSC Protocol and relevant constitutive acts of African regional organizations. The first section analyzes key provisions of the Protocol. The second section contemplates the impact of the Protocol once it enters into force and the main …

Questioning The Universality Of Human Rights, Paul J. Magnarella

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

Universal Human Rights? edited by Robert G. Patman. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2000. 244pp.

and

Dealing with Human Rights: Asian and Western Views on the Value of Human Rights edited by Martha Meijer. Bloomfield, CT: Kumarian Press, 2001. 183pp.

and

The Philosophy of Human Rights by Patrick Hayden. St. Paul: Paragon House, 2001. 686pp.

A Task Process Pre-Experimental Model, Holly A. H. Handley, Alexander H. Lewis

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

The Adaptive Architectures for Command and Control (A2C2) program is a multidisciplinary program that employs a scientific basis for designing and analyzing adaptive and reconfigurable organizational structures at the Joint Task Force level. As part of its unique model-driven experimentation method, a pre-experimental model is created to support the formulation of hypotheses, the determination of key variables and parameter values, and the prediction of organizational performance. The pre-experimental model is used to explore the parameters of the experimental design in order to determine the appropriate region to conduct officer-in-the-loop experiments at the Naval Postgraduate School. A pre-experimental model based on …

The Application Of Jus Ad Bellum And Jus In Bello To The Conflict In Afghanistan, Maha Wagdi Sayed Eid

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Clinton's Foreign Policy And The Politics Of Intervention: Cases Of Ethnic Cleansing And Democratic Governance, Daneta G. Billau

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation examines the sources of U.S. President Bill Clinton's foreign policy, with special attention to understudied political elements of intervention. The basis of this study is the Clinton Doctrine, in which Clinton opposed ethnic cleansing, and supported democratic governance worldwide. The primary research question asks to what extent and why was there a variation in Clinton's application of his own doctrine in the specific cases of Rwanda in 1994, Haiti in 1994, and East Timor in 1999. To address this question, the following five hypotheses are posited:

H1: The more vital interests are at stake, and the closer the …

Commentary On Psychological Warfare In The 21st Century, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article provides commentary on 21st century challenges--threats and opportunities--to the practice of psychological warfare.

Psychological Profiles And The Intifada: Commentary On Sarhan And Al Khatib, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article critiques a psychological profile that was developed to help explain the ongoing Palestinian Intifada and that was written by two physicians working at a Jordanian psychiatric hospital.

Biological Warfare: Commentary On Chyba's Analysis, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article provides commentary on Christopher Chyba's comparative analysis of biological and nuclear warfare.

Making Life And Taking Life: The Psychology Of Assassination In The Mideast, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article explores the variants of assassination through linguistic analysis of political conflict within and between Israel, the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and a global context of nation-states and non-state political actors.

The Politicization Of Ethnicity As A Prelude To Ethnopolitical Conflict: Croatia And Serbia In Former Yugoslavia, Agneza Bozic-Roberson

Dissertations

This interdisciplinary research develops a framework or a model for the study of the politicization of ethnicity, a process that transforms peaceful ethnic conflict into violent inter-ethnic conflict. The hypothesis investigated in this study is that the ethnopolitical conflict that led to the break up of former Yugoslavia was the result of deliberate politicization of ethnicity. The model consists o f three variables— ethnic entrepreneurs as actors, and mass media and political rhetoric as their tools for politicization of ethnicity. Ethnic entrepreneurs, with a conscious interest in mobilizing ethnicity, are given this opportunity in transitional societies in which politicized ethnicity …

Terrorism As Defense, Defense As Terrorism, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes some definitional complexities of the construct terrorism.

Falling Dominoes In 2001: Nuclear Weapons And Weapons Of Mass Destruction, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes psychologies of inevitability and their foundations pertaining to nuclear weapons and weapons of mass destruction.

Trends. Psychology And Sanctions: Why Saddam Won, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the psychology of sanctions and the effect sanctions have had on the Iraqi people.

Federalism And Foreign Affairs: Congress's Power To "Define And Punish...Offenses Against The Law Of Nations", Beth Stephens

William & Mary Law Review

No abstract provided.

Identity, Conflict And Cooperation In International River Basins, Jack V. Kalpakian

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation tests the hypothesis that water disputes cause serious conflict within and between states. It uses a structured case study approach to see whether there is a link between the independent and dependent variables. It also considers the effect of other variables on serious conflict. Specifically it addresses the effects of national identity and the othering process on conflict. The three case studies are built around rivers in the drier parts of the world. This biases the dissertation towards affirming the established mainstream hypothesis which states that water disputes cause serious conflict. In all three cases, historical animosities and …

A Story For All Americans: Vietnam, Victims, And Veterans, Frank L. Grzyb, John F. Kerry

Purdue University Press Books

Story for All Americans: Vietnam, Victims, and Veterans (formerly titled, Touched by the Dragon) details wartime accounts of average servicemen and women-some heroic, some frightening, some amusing, some nearly unbelievable. The work is a historical compendium of fascinating and compelling stories woven together in a theme format. What makes this book truly unique, however, is its absence of literary pretentiousness. Relating oral accounts, the veterans speak in a no-nonsense, matter-of-fact way. As seen through the eyes of the veterans, the stories include first-person experiences of infantry soldiers, a flight officer, a medic, a nurse, a combat engineer, an intelligence soldier, …

Kosovo And The Current Myth Of Information Superiority, Timothy L. Thomas

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

Moral Foundations Of Military Service, Martin L. Cook

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

The Qdr: Improve The Process To Improve The Product, David E. Snodgrass

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

Ethiopia And Eritrea: Border War, Sandra F. Joireman

Political Science Faculty Publications

The war between Ethiopia and Eritrea—two of the poorest countries in the world—began in 1998. Eritrea was once part of the Ethiopian empire, but it was colonized by Italy from 1869 to 1941. Following Italy's defeat in World War II, the United Nations determined that Eritrea would become part of Ethiopia, though Eritrea would maintain a great deal of autonomy. In 1961 Ethiopia removed Eritrea's independence, and Eritrea became just another Ethiopian province. In 1991 following a revolution in Ethiopia, Eritrea gained its independence. However, the borders between Ethiopia and Eritrea had never been clearly marked. Following arguments and skirmishes, …

Is Anybody Still A Realist?, Jeffrey W. Legro, Andrew Moravcsik

Political Science Faculty Publications

Realism, the oldest and most prominent theoretical paradigm in international relations, is in trouble. The problem is not lack of interest. Realism remains the primary or alternative theory in virtually every major book and article addressing general theories of world politics, particularly in security affairs. Controversies between neorealism and its critics continue to dominate international relations theory debates. Nor is the problem realism’s purported inability to make point predictions. Many specific realist theories are testable, and there remains much global conflict about which realism offers powerful insights. Nor is the problem the lack of empirical support for simple realist predictions, …

The Middle East In World Affairs Understanding Iran's Changing Transnational And International Role, Marla Renfro

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

In 1979, the Islamic Republic of Iran emerged on the international stage and began to establish itself as a participant in global terrorism. Throughout the period 1979-96, officials linked numerous terrorist actions and operations to Iran; this link could have involve Iran's direct sponsorship or indirect involvement, such as by providing monetary support to operatives. In order to develop strategies to prevent or minimize the threat of terrorist attack, Iran's role in global terrorism must be assessed.

The purpose of this work is threefold: to demonstrate the role taken by Iran in global terrorism from 1979 to 1996, to explain …

Letter To Anna: An American Perspective On Why The Us Hasn't Acted Decisively In Kosovo, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article--slightly edited by IBPP--was submitted by Mr. Andrew Chittim, a freelance writer and marketing specialist. The article arrived on May 25th--well before the end of the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia. In retrospect, however, Mr. Chittim's analysis highlights a number of Issues that are still not resolved.

Trends. Pinning The Tail On The Donkey: A Legacy Of The Legacy Codes, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses a Taiwanese-born U.S. citizen that was alleged to have spied against the US and for the People's Republic of China.

The Eritrea-Ethiopia War: How Helpful Are Psychological Theories Of Warfare?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article considers common psychological theories of warfare in light of the current Eritrea- Ethiopia war.

Trends. Dubious Editorial On "Dubious Decisions On The Sudan": A Counterterrorist And Intelligence Concern, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses an editorial in the September 23, 1998 Issue of The New York Times that describes the possible analytic fallacies in the United States Government's (USG) decision to target a pharmaceutical plant in the Sudan.

Rationales And Rationalizations: United States Government Policy Towards Iraqi Noncompliance With United Nations-Mandated Inspections And Monitoring, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article identifies apparent inconsistencies in United States Government explanations for its current policy towards Iraqi noncompliance with the inspection and monitoring requirements of the United Nations. The article then posits an explanation for these inconsistencies in explanation.

Trends. Campaign Funds, Satellite And Missile Technology, And The People's Republic Of China: The Real National Security Problem, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses a potential national security problem concerning a myriad of stories about (1) Chinese military intelligence funneling funds to the Democratic National and (2) antecedent, concurrent, and/or subsequent decisions to facilitate Chinese launching of US commercial satellites; and (3) the consequences of (1) and (2).

Blowing Smoke: Tobacco Companies, Anti-Tobacco Tax Policies, And International Security, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article illustrates how governmental tax policymakers are an insignificant threat to tobacco companies. Security implications are alluded to--viz., company relationships with illicit trafficking organizations, the health of populations, and tax policies towards illegal drugs if the last were to become legal.

Trends. Anthrax Vaccinations: Saddam Wins Again, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author analyzes the human, financial, and strategic costs borne by the USG through its deployed personnel and materiel increment reactive to the recent inspection crisis in Iraq.