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Articles 601 - 630 of 22863
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
A Tragedy Of Incommensurability: Indigenous Rights And The Limits Of Human Rights Law, Zeina Ali
A Tragedy Of Incommensurability: Indigenous Rights And The Limits Of Human Rights Law, Zeina Ali
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis explores the tragedy of incommensurability between indigenous rights and international human rights law. Despite the emergence of frameworks like the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), indigenous calls for sovereignty remain fundamentally unintelligible within a liberal order structured to preserve settler-state legitimacy. Tracing the historical and theoretical evolution of indigenous advocacy, this study critiques the strategic shift from demands for self-determination to claims of cultural rights. It argues that this shift offers no real alternative: self-determination and cultural rights are functionally equivalent, as both are ultimately filtered through legal and political frameworks that cannot …
Sex Offender Prison Treatment Programs: Outdated Science Masquerading As A Legitimate Penological Objective, Shelby Jones
Sex Offender Prison Treatment Programs: Outdated Science Masquerading As A Legitimate Penological Objective, Shelby Jones
Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)
No abstract provided.
Minding The Gap: The Berne Convention’S Silence On Available Copyright Infringement Damages, Kylie Johnston
Minding The Gap: The Berne Convention’S Silence On Available Copyright Infringement Damages, Kylie Johnston
Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)
No abstract provided.
Sovereignty Vs. Humanity: The Evolution Of International Law In Civil And Colonial Wars And Modern Implications, Dr. Noam Zamir
Sovereignty Vs. Humanity: The Evolution Of International Law In Civil And Colonial Wars And Modern Implications, Dr. Noam Zamir
Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)
No abstract provided.
Tax Treaties In The Wind, Doron Narotzki
Tax Treaties In The Wind, Doron Narotzki
Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)
No abstract provided.
Cuba And The Constitution Of A Stable State Of Misery: Ideology, Economic Policy, And Popular Discipline, Larry Catá Backer
Cuba And The Constitution Of A Stable State Of Misery: Ideology, Economic Policy, And Popular Discipline, Larry Catá Backer
Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)
No abstract provided.
Table Of Contents
Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)
No abstract provided.
Exploiting Vulnerability: Human Trafficking As A Tool Of Genocide, Madison Bryant
Exploiting Vulnerability: Human Trafficking As A Tool Of Genocide, Madison Bryant
Undergraduate Theses, Capstones, and Recitals
This thesis examines the relationship between human trafficking and genocide, arguing that when trafficking is used with the intent to destroy a targeted group, it should be understood and prosecuted as an act of genocide. While international law traditionally treats genocide and human trafficking as distinct crimes, historical and contemporary evidence reveals significant overlap in their mechanisms, motivations, and outcomes. Through a thematic analysis of three case studies, this research demonstrates how trafficking has been systematically employed to further genocidal objectives, including displacement, exploitation, cultural erasure, and the destruction of communities. The case studies are the genocide of Indigenous peoples …
Climate Change And Digital Nations: Harnessing The Metaverse To Perpetuate Small Island Statehood, Nicole Bessette
Climate Change And Digital Nations: Harnessing The Metaverse To Perpetuate Small Island Statehood, Nicole Bessette
Villanova Environmental Law Journal (1991 - )
No abstract provided.
Symbiotic International Law: Combatting Uyghur Forced Labor, Preston Jordan Lim
Symbiotic International Law: Combatting Uyghur Forced Labor, Preston Jordan Lim
Faculty Publications
Since 2017, the Chinese government has launched a campaign of repression against the Muslim Turkic minorities of Xinjiang, a region located in China’s Northwest. While most scholars have focused on the mass internment of Uyghurs and other minorities, this Article highlights an under-discussed aspect of China’s campaign: the construction of a sophisticated forced labor system. Minority forced labor supplies key sectors of the global economy—from the automotive to the energy sectors—and allows Chinese companies to outcompete foreign firms. The unprecedented scope and sophistication of what I term the “modern Xinjiang forced labor system” imperils the very future of the international …
Humans In Nature: Creating Our New Reality Through Ecological, Cultural, Global, Ethical, And Legal Reform, John Head
UMKC Law Review
No abstract provided.
Whose Truth Commission, Lehlohonolo January
Whose Truth Commission, Lehlohonolo January
Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law
It is often said that the victor always dictates the narrative and thus dictates how history is represented. The end of Apartheid in South Africa wasn’t a result of an outright victorious defeat of the Apartheid State together with its institutions of coercion but rather came about as a result of a culmination of a series of events. If this adage holds true, then why is it that the narrative seems to paint a picture of a victor’s perspective? This assertion is not made lightly but is no less reflective of how the facts seem to portray themselves in that …
Legitimacy Throughlines In The Structural Design Of International & "Internationalized" Criminal Tribunals, Michael J. Kelly
Legitimacy Throughlines In The Structural Design Of International & "Internationalized" Criminal Tribunals, Michael J. Kelly
Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law
Today, the rather surprising and sudden surfeit of prosecutions for international crimes by states utilizing universal jurisdiction as we open the second decade of the 21st Century may represent a preference for domestic over international criminal prosecution altogether. Yet, the legitimacy quotient remains a key part of the discussion. For example, as discussed in section V below, with respect to the crime of Russian aggression against Ukraine, opinion is divided as to whether prosecution for this crime should proceed from a newly created international tribunal or from an “internationalized” court within the Ukrainian judicial system.[1] Ukraine backs the …
Sustainability-Competent Lawyering In The International Context, Amy L. Edwards, John C. Dernbach
Sustainability-Competent Lawyering In The International Context, Amy L. Edwards, John C. Dernbach
UMKC Law Review
No abstract provided.
Arctic Law: Even More Sustainable? Roles Of The Us And Eu, Joseph F.C. Dimento, Jessica L. Pierucci
Arctic Law: Even More Sustainable? Roles Of The Us And Eu, Joseph F.C. Dimento, Jessica L. Pierucci
UMKC Law Review
No abstract provided.
Thailand V. Katanyu Muenkhamruang “Pan”, Andrew Khoo, Human Rights Institute
Thailand V. Katanyu Muenkhamruang “Pan”, Andrew Khoo, Human Rights Institute
Human Rights Institute
The criminal proceedings against Ms. Katanyu Muenkhamruang (“Pan”), a 27-year-old Thai student and pro-democracy activist, violated international fair trial standards and Thailand’s human rights obligations under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). Pan was convicted under Thailand’s sedition law and the Computer-Related Crimes Act for Facebook posts promoting peaceful anti-government protests in 2021. The trial revealed numerous due process violations, including violation of the presumption of innocence, reliance on unsubstantiated claims, and a lack of reasoned judgment. Despite the absence of direct evidence linking Pan to the alleged posts, the court inferred guilt, and arbitrarily disregarded exculpatory …
The Role Of Advisory Opinions In International Law In The Context Of The Climate Crisis, Maria Antonia Tigre, Armando Rocha
The Role Of Advisory Opinions In International Law In The Context Of The Climate Crisis, Maria Antonia Tigre, Armando Rocha
Sabin Center for Climate Change Law
Between December 2022 and March 2023, three requests for an advisory opinion were submitted to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS), the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR), and the International Court of Justice (ICJ). Furthermore, a request for an advisory opinion from the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights (AfCtHPR) is being prepared. As such, 2024–2025 marks an unprecedented moment in global climate litigation: as of November 2024, we are on the verge of having four of the world’s most important international and regional courts and tribunals answering crucial legal questions on the (ex …
Nato Self-Defense – Is Article 5 The Right Framework For Responding To Sub-Kinetic Cyber Aggression?, Shreyas Kumar, Gary D. Brown, Srividhya Ragavan, Maddalena Cerrato, Gourav Nagar
Nato Self-Defense – Is Article 5 The Right Framework For Responding To Sub-Kinetic Cyber Aggression?, Shreyas Kumar, Gary D. Brown, Srividhya Ragavan, Maddalena Cerrato, Gourav Nagar
Faculty Scholarship
Cyber aggression presents a significant challenge to traditional frameworks of collective defense, particularly under Article 5 of the NATO Washington Treaty, which obligates member states to respond collectively to an "armed attack." While NATO has acknowledged that cyber incidents may trigger Article 5, ambiguity persists over what constitutes a cyber "armed attack," especially in the absence of kinetic effects. This uncertainty complicates NATO’s ability to address increasingly prevalent sub-kinetic cyber threats, such as economic disruption, data manipulation, and interference in democratic processes. Unlike conventional military threats, cyber operations often fall below the traditional threshold of armed conflict while still exerting …
How Domestic Institutions Shape The Global Tech War, Anu Bradford, Eileen Li, Matthew C. Waxman
How Domestic Institutions Shape The Global Tech War, Anu Bradford, Eileen Li, Matthew C. Waxman
Faculty Scholarship
The United States (U.S.), China, and the European Union (EU) are engaged in a national security-driven economic competition over advanced technology. Many scholars and commentators focus on the external dimension of this geopolitical contest; that is, they describe the strategic choices by each actor in terms of geopolitical realities, threat perceptions, and relative power. However, this Article brings to the fore the internal dimension of the global tech war. We argue that each player’s strategy in the tech war is a function of its internal features, including basic constitutional powers, domestic legal institutions, and the relationships between the government and …
Sails Symposium Launch On International Law Scholarship: What We Write, Where We Publish, And Why It Matters, Kathleen Claussen, Melissa J. Durkee, Rebecca Ingber, Steven Arrigg Koh
Sails Symposium Launch On International Law Scholarship: What We Write, Where We Publish, And Why It Matters, Kathleen Claussen, Melissa J. Durkee, Rebecca Ingber, Steven Arrigg Koh
Faculty Scholarship
Despite the centrality of international law scholarship in international law, little work has been done to understand the contours and forces at work in what international law scholars write, where they publish that work, who reads international law scholarship, and scholarship's relationship to the policy world. For international lawyers, identifying answers to these questions and appreciating the impact of our collective work is essential, particularly at a moment of profound political struggle in communities around the world. We have remarkably few data as to what topics, methodologies, and perspectives of international law scholarship journals and publishers print, by whom, in …
International Abolitionist Advocacy: The Rise Of Global Networks To Advance Human Rights And The Promise Of The Worldwide Campaign To Abolish Capital Punishment, John D. Bessler
All Faculty Scholarship
The modern international human rights movement began with the U.N. Charter and the U.N. General Assembly's adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Although the movement to abolish the death penalty is rooted in the Enlightenment, global advocacy to halt executions and to abolish capital punishment has accelerated exponentially in recent decades. This Article discusses the origins of global networks to advance human rights and highlights the growing international advocacy, including by nation-states and nongovernmental organizations ("NGOs"), for a worldwide moratorium on executions and to abolish capital punishment altogether. The total number of countries conducting executions in the past …
Building Open Finance, Douglas W. Arner, Ross P. Buckley, Christine M. Wang, Dirk A. Zetzsche
Building Open Finance, Douglas W. Arner, Ross P. Buckley, Christine M. Wang, Dirk A. Zetzsche
Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law
As one of the most digitalized sectors of the economy, finance is increasingly dependent on data. Over the past decade, the implementation of Open Banking and Open Finance in an increasing number of major jurisdictions around the world, including the European Union (EU), the United Kingdom (UK), Australia, Brazil, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), seeks to break down data silos, empower consumers, and increase competition among financial service providers, aiming to maximize the value of financial data for innovation, growth, and competitiveness. In addition to mandatory requirements, other governance approaches to Open Finance, including collaborative arrangements and voluntary initiatives, …
Techno-Geopolitics And Semi-Conductor Chokepoints: Beyond The Us-China Wto Dispute, Han-Wei Liu, Ching-Fu Lin
Techno-Geopolitics And Semi-Conductor Chokepoints: Beyond The Us-China Wto Dispute, Han-Wei Liu, Ching-Fu Lin
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
Much ink has been spilled on the US-China tech and trade war, particularly the role of US export controls in containing China and preserving America’s tech dominance. Less attention, however, has been paid to other critical nodes in the global semiconductor supply chain – Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and the Netherlands – which we coin as ‘chokepoint economies’. Taiwan alone produces over 90% of the world’s most advanced chips, vital to the digital age and the future of AI in the Indo-Pacific and beyond. Using Taiwan as a case study, this paper shows how chokepoint economies navigate competing pressures amid …
The Complex Interplay Between Intellectual Property And The Right To Science, Peter K. Yu
The Complex Interplay Between Intellectual Property And The Right To Science, Peter K. Yu
Faculty Scholarship
In April 2020, the U.N. Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights released General Comment No. 25, which provides an authoritative interpretation of the right to science—a right that has hitherto not received much attention. In light of this publication and the recent celebration of the 75th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, this article examines the complex interplay between intellectual property and the right to science, with a view toward the human rights challenges brought about by both the COVID-19 pandemic and the arrival of generative AI.
The article begins by documenting the historical evolution of the …
Rethinking Attribution Standards For State Responsibility Concerning Mass Atrocities, Juan Pablo Perez-Leon-Acevedo
Rethinking Attribution Standards For State Responsibility Concerning Mass Atrocities, Juan Pablo Perez-Leon-Acevedo
San Diego International Law Journal
Attribution of mass atrocities to states remains a central and contested issue in international law, particularly when such acts are carried out by non-state actors or through proxy forces. This Article analyzes how states may incur responsibility for mass atrocities by examining the legal standards developed in the Articles on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (ARSIWA) and the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice (I.C.J.). Special attention is given to developments following the adoption of ARSIWA, including the evolving relationship between Russia and the Wagner Group, to assess how legal principles apply in modern conflict settings. …
Besieging International Law? The Gaza Conflict And The Future Of Siege Warfare, Avraham Russell Shalev
Besieging International Law? The Gaza Conflict And The Future Of Siege Warfare, Avraham Russell Shalev
San Diego International Law Journal
The legal boundaries of siege warfare are under renewed scrutiny following Israel’s siege of Gaza after the October 7, 2023 Hamas attacks. This analysis explores the intersection of military necessity and humanitarian obligations, assessing whether Israel’s tactics conform to established international law or signal a shift toward stricter legal interpretations. Key legal frameworks—including the Geneva Conventions, Hague Regulations, and customary international law—are examined alongside debates on civilian protection, humanitarian aid access, and the prohibition of starvation as a method of warfare. A comparative evaluation of sieges in Gaza and Syria reveals inconsistencies in how international humanitarian law is applied, raising …
Labor Rights Under The Usmca: Progress, Shortcomings, And The Road Ahead, Ruby Carlon
Labor Rights Under The Usmca: Progress, Shortcomings, And The Road Ahead, Ruby Carlon
San Diego International Law Journal
The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) introduced the Rapid Response Labor Mechanism (RRLM) to strengthen labor rights enforcement in North American trade. While the mechanism marks a significant departure from NAFTA’s weaker labor provisions, its implementation has revealed systemic shortcomings. The RRLM relies on voluntary compliance, lacks binding remediation requirements, and has an underutilized panel review process, limiting its effectiveness. Economic asymmetry between the United States and Mexico further complicates enforcement, as Mexico bears a disproportionate burden despite having fewer resources to uphold labor standards. Additionally, corporate accountability remains elusive, with companies facing no direct obligations to integrate USMCA labor commitments …
Ai Regulation Across Borders: Legal Challenges And Prospects For International Cooperation, Alex Whaples
Ai Regulation Across Borders: Legal Challenges And Prospects For International Cooperation, Alex Whaples
San Diego International Law Journal
The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has fueled international calls for a comprehensive regulatory framework to balance innovation with the protection of fundamental rights. This analysis examines the diverse AI governance strategies of four key jurisdictions—the European Union (EU), the United Kingdom, the United States, and China—highlighting their strengths, limitations, and ideological differences. It explores the complexities of crafting an international AI treaty, including challenges related to enforcement mechanisms, regulatory burdens on developers, and ideological divides between Western democracies and China. To navigate these challenges, fostering global cooperation and ensuring accountability without stifling innovation is essential. By leveraging existing …
Navigating Sovereignty And Human Rights: A Legal Analysis Of Palestinian Detention Under Israeli Jurisdiction In Comparison To International Law, Amani Nidal Odeh
Navigating Sovereignty And Human Rights: A Legal Analysis Of Palestinian Detention Under Israeli Jurisdiction In Comparison To International Law, Amani Nidal Odeh
Dissertations and Theses
This thesis examines whether Israeli detention practices of Palestinians conform to or contravene Israeli domestic legislation and international legal standards using a doctrinal legal analysis. This thesis evaluates six key areas through four hypotheses: the detention of minors, geographic disparities (particularly Gaza), administrative detention procedures, the use of military courts, due process violations, and detention conditions. While Israeli domestic law formally authorizes these practices, the analysis finds they routinely violate crucial international legal norms, including the ICCPR, CRC, CAT, and the Fourth Geneva Convention. The use of secret evidence, prolonged administrative detention without trial, and discriminatory legal frameworks undermines the …
Irreparable Harm: How The United States Fails To Remedy Unjust Deportations, Joe Colley
Irreparable Harm: How The United States Fails To Remedy Unjust Deportations, Joe Colley
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
When the United States wrongfully deports individuals, the harm is often irreversible. This piece explores the systemic gaps that leave those unjustly deported without meaningful remedies or recourse.