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Gastro-Intestinal And Abdominal Helminths Of White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) From Carroll And Jo Daviess Counties In Northern Illinois, Jeffrey Joseph Hodge

Masters Theses

Forty-four white-tailed deer shot by hunters in November and December, 1971, in Carroll and Jo Daviess counties in northwestern Illinois were necropsied for gastro-intestinal and abdominal helminths. Five species of gastro-intestinal nematodes were found: Gongylonema pulchrum, Ostertagia odocoilei, Haemonchus contortus, Trichuris ovis and Nematodirus sp. Setaria yehi, a filiariad nematode, was found in the abdominal cavity. Moniezia benedeni was the only cestode found. No trematodes were recovered. Differences in numbers and kinds of parasites found in northern Illinois and southern Illinois are discussed. Prevalence increased with host age for certain species of parasites and decreased or …

New Laboratory For Virus Disease Studies, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Exotic diseases continually pose a threat to Australia's animal industries and the consequences of major outbreak could be disastrous.

If an outbreak should occur, it is essential that clinical diagnosis is confirmed without delay for control measures to be effective.

The completion of the new Virology Laboratory provides a building in which most exotic viral diseases could be handled with safety for diagnostic purposes in the event of an outbreak.

Lice Of Public Health Importance And Their Control, Harry D. Pratt, Kent S. Littig

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Lice have been intimately associated with man for centuries. Infestations with lice occur today in the United States and many other countries despite great efforts to maintain high standards of public health. Public health agencies are often called upon if infestations include or expose large groups of people, particularly those in public institutions such as schools, jails, hospitals, or homes for the aged.

The three sucking lice that infest humans are: the body louse (Pedlculus humanus humanus), the head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis), and the crab louse (Pthirus pubis). The body louse is the …

Anthelmintics For Nematode Parasites Of Fish: I. Control Of Sterliadochona Pedispicula In Salmo Gairdnerii By Diethyl 2-Chlorovinyl Phosphate And 2,2 Dichlorovinyl Dimethyl Phosphate Pellets, A. R. Maggenti

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Tests indicate that the oral administration of diethyl 2-chlorovinyl phosphate (SD1836) and 2,2 dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate (DDVP) plastic-incorporated pellets significantly reduces the intestinal nematode parasite Sterliadochona pedispicula in wild rainbow trout. No evidence of fish toxicity was noted with the treatments and dosages tested.

Anthelmintics For Nematode Parasites Of Fish: Ii. Aqueous Anthelmintic Bath Treatments Using Diethyl 2-Chlorovinyl Phosphate And 2,2 Dichlorovinyl Dimethyl Phosphate For Control Of Sterliadochona Pedispicula In Salmo Gairdnerii, A. R. Maggenti

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The toxicity of diethyl 2-chlorovinyl phosphate (SD1836) and 2,2 dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate (DDVP) was tested as an "in-water" treatment of rainbow trout and in vitro against the internal nematode parasite of fish, Sterliadochona peclispicula. As an "in-water" anthelmintic treatment SD1836 was 100% effective at concentrations of 25 fL liters/liter for 24 hr and 5 μ liters/liter for 72 hr; no toxic effects to rainbow trout were noted with these treatments.

Acanthobothrium Urolophi Sp. N., A Tetraphyllidean Cestode (Oncobothriidae) From An Australian Stingaree, Gerald D. Schmidt

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Acanthobothrium urolophi sp. n. is described from a common stingaree, Urolophus testaceus, from South Australia. It differs from all other species in being apolytic and acraspedote, in having hooks 105-115 μ- long, one accessory sucker 80-90 wide on each bothridinm, and 40-72 testes in two longitudinal rows.

Parasites Of Some Penaeid Shrimps With Emphasis On Reared Hosts, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Information is presented about parasites and commensals of penaeid shrimps, allowing those who rear shrimps and those who are interested in associated organisms of shrimp to have a better knowledge of the organisms that are or may be associated with brown, white, and pink shrimps. It covers common and rare organisms and diseases, primarily in the northern Gulf of Mexico, listing several previously unreported species including an undescribed gregarine, a larval nematode (Spirocarnallanus pereirai), a commensal nematode (Leptolaimus sp.), a leech (Myzobdella lugubris), a blue-green alga (Schizothrix calcicola), a hydroid (Obelia bicuspidata …

Plagioporus Hypentelii Sp. N. (Trematoda: Opecoelidae) From The Hogsucker, Hypentelium Nigricans (Lesueur) (Osteichthys: Catostomidae), Sherman S. Hendrix

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Plagioporus hypentelii sp. n. (Trematoda: Opecoelidae) is described from the intestine of the hogsucker, Hypentelium nigricans (LeSueur), in streams of Adams County, Pennsylvania. It most closely resembles P. serotinus Stafford, 1904, but differs from it chiefly in its less elongate shape, smaller size, smaller testes, ovary, and eggs, straight cirrus sac, in hosts and geographic location of the hosts.

Morphometric Variation In Aphelenchus Avenae Bastian, 1865 With Varied Nutrition And Time, John P. Kline

Masters Theses

The effect of varied time, nutritional media, and species of fungus on taxonomic characters (L, a, b₁, c, and V) of Aphelenchus avenae was investigated. The effect of these ecological conditions on morphometrics was variable; however, these characters varied significantly with increased time, decreased nutritional media, and species of fungus. The greatest number of morphometric changes occurred with increased time, and the fewest with species of fungus. With changing environmental conditions, “V” values were the most stable character.

Parasites From Gizzard Shad, Dorosoma Cepedianum, In Lake Charleston, Illinois, Francis M. Yabai Kaikumba

Masters Theses

Eighty gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) from Lake Charleston, Charleston, Illinois were examined for parasites. Eight fish were parasitized. Three fish contained the acanthocephalan Tanaorhamphus longirostris, three fish harbored cestodes of the genus Glaridacris and two fish had the nematode Camallanus oxycephalus. The latter is here reported for the first time from gizzard shad. Twenty fish were infected with the fungus Saprolegnia sp. The numbers of helminth parasites harbored by shad are less than reported for other forage fish. However, the incident of parasitism reported in this study is greater than that reported by previous workers.

Digenetic Trematodes Of The Chesapeake Bay, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

It is safe to say that the taxonomy of Digenea from fishes and invertebrates from Chesapeake Bay is in need of considerable attention. First, the knowledge of what flukes are present is lacking, with the exception of a few scattered papers dealing with a limited number of species. A few such papers about adult Digenea from fishes are by Hopkins (1) and Anderson (2) and about larval forms from second intermediate hosts are by Stunkard and Uzmann (3), Dillon (4), and Perkins (5). A list of the Digenea from Chesapeake Bay compiled by D. E. Zwerner and A. R. Lawler …

Observations On Chromosomes Of Dicrostonyx Torquatus Stevensoni Nelson And Chromosomal Diversity In Varying Lemmings = Untersuchungen An Den Chromosomen Von Dicrostonyx Torquatus Stevensoni Nelson Und Chromosomale Unterschiede Bei Halsbandlemmingen, Virginia R. Rausch, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

English abstract: The cytogenetic characteristics of the varying lemming, Dicrostonyx torquatus stevensoni, (2n = 34), were investigated, and diploid chromosomal numbers were reported for four other nominal subspecies (exsul, nelsoni, richardsoni, and rubricatus) of the torquatus-group in North America. The diploid complements ranged from 30 to 44 chromosomes, and the fundamental number from 50 to 55. Chromosomal polymorphism was observed in all forms. In cross-breeding experiments, the mating of F₁ progeny was not productive. The findings support the zoogeographic concept that populations of Dicrostonyx became fragmented or displaced southward during Würm time, with …

Herpetomonas Megaseliae Sp. N. (Protozoa: Trypanosomatidae) From Megaselia Scalaris (Loew, 1866) Schmitz, 1929 (Diptera: Phoridae), Pierre M. Daggett, John J. Janovy Jr., Norman R. Dollahon

John J. Janovy, Jr. Publications

A new intestinal trypanosomatid was found parasitizing Megaselia scalaris. Forms with posterior kinetoplasts occurred in both natural infections and cloned cultures, but not in experimental infections. Average size and morphological variation were reduced in experimental infections with cloned stocks, compared to natural infections. A growth comparison was made between Herpetomonas muscarum and H. megaseliae. Differences in day of peak population, maximum numbers, and total time of survival were observed in culture. Attempts to infect Drosophila melanogaster with H. megaseliae were unsuccessful.

Observations On Some Natural-Focal Zoonoses In Alaska, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

In Alaska, as in arctic and subarctic Eurasia, important natural-focal zoonoses are rabies, brucellosis, tularemia, trichinosis, alveolar hydatid disease, cystic hydatid disease, and diphyllobothriasis. Most frequently affected are aboriginal peoples in villages within biocenoses that include the natural parasite-host assemblages. Pathogens are transmitted to man from wild animals and from dogs, which are important as synanthropic hosts. The prevalence and rate of transmission of certain pathogens in natural foci are related to the numerical density of small mammals, especially rodents, which may themselves be involved as hosts, and on which the numbers of their predators ultimately depend, such as is …

Contribution À L'Étude Des Microphallidae Travassos, 1920 (Trematoda). Xxvi. -De Quelques Espèces D'Alaska, Stéphane Deblock, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

French abstract: La faune des Trématodes Microphallidés d'Alaska étudiée comporte neuf espèces différentes, distribuées en quatre genres: 1° Microphallus oblonga Ching, 1965, M. pygmaeum (Levinsen, 1881) et M. similis (Jaegerskioeld, 1900). 2° Levinseniella (Lev.) propinqua Jaegerskioeld, 1907. 3° Maritrema acadiae (Swales, 1933). M. afanassjewi Belopolskaia, 1952. M. gratiosum Nicoll, 1907. M. megametrios Deblock et Rausch, 1968 et enfin, 4° Pseudospelotrema sp. n° 1.

Les caractéristiques morphologiques essentielles de ces Trématodes sont décrites, sauf celles de la dernière espèce citée qui a déjà fait l'objet d'une étude antérieure.

English abstract: Microphallid trematodes of nine species, representing four genera, have …

The Effects Of Different Gases On Excystation Of Coccidian Oocysts, James B. Jensen

Theses and Dissertations

Excystation of coccidian oocysts is a diphasic process where CO2 and suitable reducing agents cause changes in oocyst wall permeability (phase I) allowing the entrance of trypsin and bile which activate the sporozoites (phase II). This project was an indirect study of the mechanism of CO2 action by the substitution of NO, NO2, N2O, H2S, SO2 , CH4, NH3 and 8M urea in place of CO2. Changes in oocyst wall permeability of Eimeria stiedae, E. bovis and E. tenella were determined by incubation with the reagents and cysteine HCl followed by treatment with trypsin and bile to initiate activation of …

Two Species Of Acanthocephala From Australian Fishes With Description Of Arhythmacanthus Paraplagusiarum Sp. N., Brent B. Nickol

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Two South Australian garfish, Hemirhamphus melanochir, collected near Adelaide, South Australia, harbored 14 and 15 specimens of Micracanthorhynchina hemirhamphi. Arhythmacanthus paraplagusiarum sp. n. is described from 10 specimens collected from Paraplagusia guttata taken from Moreton Bay, Brisbane, Queensland. A. paraplagusiarum differs from other species of the genus in length of the enlarged subapical proboscis hooks. These hooks are 120 to 132 μm long in females and 113 to 120 μm long in males of A. paraplagusiarum, 188 to 210 μm long in A. fusiformis, and 60 μm long in A. septacanthus. Males of A. paraplagusiarum …

The Effects Of Temperatures And Chemicals On The Oocysts Of Eimeria Stiedae, Charles Larry Keehner

Theses and Dissertations

A study was made of the effects of temperatures and chemicals on the unsporulated and sporulated oocysts of Eimeria stiedae. In general, oocysts were affected by temperatures lower than -10 C and above +39 C, while normal development occurred between these temperatures. Unsporulated oocysts were more tolerant to temperature extremes, as they survived up to 8 days at 39 C and 12 days at -28 C. Sporulated oocysts were killed after 24 hours storage at 39 C and 4 days at -28 C. Oocyst resistance to low temperatures was not improved if unsporulated and sporulated oocysts were conditioned before and …

A New Microphallid Trematode From The Blue Crab In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Robin M. Overstreet, Harriet M. Perry

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Levinseniella (Monarrhenos) capitanea n. sp. is described from metacercariae on the hepatopancreas and gonads of Callinectes sapidus Rathbun from Louisiana and Mississippi. It can be distinguished from all other members of the genus by possessing 11–21 atrial pockets and an acetabulum larger than the oral sucker, not possessing a pharynx nor well-developed ceca, and being 1.9–3.6 mm in length. Heardlevinseniella Yamaguti, 1971 is considered a synonym of Levinseniella Stiles & Hassal, 1901.

Review Of: Infectious Diseases Of Wild Mammals; Parasitic Diseases Of Wild Mammals; And Infectious And Parasitic Diseases Of Wild Birds, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Review of: Infectious Diseases of Wild Mammals, edited by John W. Davis, Lars H. Karstad and Daniel O. Trainer; Iowa State University Press, 1970. 421 p. Parasitic Diseases of Wild Mammals, edited by John W. Davis and Roy C. Anderson; Iowa State University Press, 1971. 364 p. Infectious and Parasitic Diseases of Wild Birds, edited by John W. Davis, Roy C. Anderson. Lars Karstad and Daniel O. Trainer; Iowa State University Press, 1971. 344 p.

The Comparative Histochemistry Of The Infective Oncospheres Of Oochoristica Osheroffi Meggitt, 1934, And Oochoristica Scelopori Voge And Fox, 1950, (Cyclophyllidea: Linstowiidae) With Notes On The Origins Of The Egg Membranes, Gary R. Coulter

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Infective oncospheres of Oochorlstica osheroffi and Oochoristica scelopori were compared using fifteen histochemical tests. Vital stains were also used.

Carnoy’s-fixed gravid proglottids were vacuum-embedded in a paraffin-piccolyte mixture and cut transversely at 6 microns. Sections were tested for the presence of phosphatases, proteins, sclerotin precursors, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and acid mucopolysaccharides.

Oncospheres were histochemlcally very similar. Heavy concentrations of mucoproteins and glycoproteins were detected in the oncospheral coat of O. scelopori. Acid phosphatase was found in the embryophore of O. osheroffi, but could not be demonstrated in O. scelopori. No evidence of a sclerotized egg capsule was …

Studies On The Regulation Of Cell Growth And Contact Inhibition Using Concanavalin A And Dibutyryl Adenosine Cyclic Monophosphate, Robert W. Teel

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Both dibutyryl cyclic AMP and trypsinized concanavalin A have been shown to inhibit growth in certain cell lines but little testing of these substances has been done using human tumor cell lines. Further, there are at this time no published experimental attempts to correlate the effects on growth with a particular phase of the cell cycle in any cell line.

My experimental data show that the human tumor cell lines HeLa, HEp 2 and KB exhibit pronounced inhibition of growth when treated with trypsinized concanavalin A and reach a contact-inhibited state at a density far below that to which these …

The Life Cycle Of Lissorchis Heterorchis, Macy And Krygier (1969), Brendan P. H. Onyejekwe

Dissertations and Theses

Many Flumenicola virens (Lea) collected from Crystal Springs Creek and Tualatin River, Portland, Oregon, were found to shed large numbers of a species of microcercous cercariae containing refractile granules. They resembled the cercariae of Triganodistomum mutabile (=Lissorchis mutabile Cort, 1918 as described by Wallace (1939), and subsequent experiments proved that they were the larval stages of what was described by Macy and Krygier (1969), as Lissorchis heterorchis. Encystment of these cercariae was induced experimentally in uninfected adult brown planarians collected partly from Crystal Springs Creek and partly from Carolina Biological Research Station in Gladstone, Portland, Oregon. Adult flukes …

The Reproductive Biology Of The Leech Helobdella Stagnalis (Linnaeus) In Utah Lake, David L. Tillman

Theses and Dissertations

The reproductive biology of the brooding leech Helobdella stagnalis (Linnaeus) in Utah Lake was studied for an 18 month period from June 1970 to December 1971. In determining the annual reproductive cycle, the number of adult leeches carrying eggs or young were counted at weekly intervals during the reproductive season and monthly during the rest of the year. Gonadal staging data from histological sections were correlated with the field collection data. It was found that two broods of young were produced by the adult animals during the reproductive season. Continuous water temperatures were recorded at the study site throughout the …

Fessisentis, A Genus Of Acanthocephalans Parasitic In North American Poikilotherms, Brent B. Nickol

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Thirteen of 16 Siren intermedia collected in Union County, Illinois, were infected with from two to 49 specimens of Fessisentis fessus Van Cleave, 1931. There are no previous reports of identified specimens of Acanthocephala from Siren. This is also the first report of F. fessus since the original description and represents new host and locality records. Old siren harbor more and larger specimens than do young siren. Intensity of infection and host age do not, however, relate to variability of other morphological features. Two paratypes, the original description, and specimens from siren form the basis for redescription of Fessisentis fessus …

Echinococcus Vogeli Sp. N. (Cestoda: Taeniidae) From The Bush Dog, Speothos Venaticus (Lund), Robert L. Rausch, J. J. Bernstein

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Echinococcus vogeli sp. n., from a bush dog, Speothos venaticus (Lund), captured in the Province of Esmeraldas, Ecuador, differs morphologically from the three species of Echinococcus recognized as valid. E. vogeli sp. n. is distinguished from E. granulosus (Batsch 1786) by its larger rostellar hooks, different proportions of the strobila, tubular, sac-like gravid uterus, and different arrangement of the female genital ducts. from E. multilocularis Leuckart 1863 by its larger rostellar hooks, different proportions of the strobila, position of genital pore, and greater number of testes; from E. oligarthrus (Diesing 1863) by different proportions of the strobila, position of genital …

Gastro-Intestinal And Abdominal Helminths Of White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) In Southern Illinois, Thomas W. Cook

Masters Theses

In November and December 1971, forty deer from five southern Illinois counties were examined by necropsy for gastro-intestinal and abdominal helminths. Eight species of gastro-intestinal nematodes were found: Gongylonema pulchrum, Spiculopteroides odocoilei, Ostertagia mossi, Haemonchus contortus, Cooperia sp., Capillaria sp., Trichuris ovis and Oesophagostomum venulosum. Setaria yehi, a filiariad nematode, was found in the abdominal cavity. Moniezia benedeni was the only cestode found. No trematodes were recovered.

Gastro-Intestinal Helminths Of Illinois Bobwhites, Michael Eugene Gordon

Masters Theses

The viscera of 103 bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus), from east central Illinois counties, were collected during November and December of 1971 and examined for helminth parasites. Two nematodes were identified: Dispharynx nasuta (9.7%) and Ascaridia sp. (7.8%). The rate of infection varied significantly between counties but there was no difference in parasitism of males and females.

Parasites Of Nebraska Pheasants, Ellis C. Greiner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Parasite prevalence, intensity, and diversity in Nebraska pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) were studied during the fall of 1971. Fifty-four of 63 (86%) pheasants examined for helminths harbored at least one parasite species. Heterakis gallinarum (65% of the pheasants), Choanotaenia infundibulum (48% ). Echinoparyphiuin recurcatum (1 .6% ), and Zygocotyle lunata (1 .6% ) were recovered. Two of 15 (13% birds examined for coccidia possessed Eimeria phasiani. None of 35 pheasants examined for hematozoa had patent infections.

Some Adult Digenetic Trematodes In Striped Mullet From The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Morphological information is given on the adults of four trematodes from Mugil cephalus from estuarine waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico with complementary information from specimens from Georgia. Lasiotocus glebulentus sp. n., from the Gulf, possesses a submedian genital pore and apparently differs from all known species by containing several large concretions in the excretory vesicle. Data are presented for Hymenocotta manteri Overstreet, 1969, Saccocoelioides beauforti (Hunter and Thomas, 1961) comb. n., and Dicrogaster fastigatus Thatcher and Sparks, 1958. These three species are now known from both the Gulf of Mexico and the western Atlantic coast. Carassotrema mugilicola Shireman, …