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Gaps In Gender-Based Violence Jurisprudence Of International And Hybrid Criminal Courts: Can Human Rights Law Help, Susana Sacouto

Contributions to Books

Great progress has been made over the last two decades in the investigation and prosecution of sexual and gender-based violence, in particular by the ad-hoc International Criminal Tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and Rwanda (ICTR). Yet the practice and jurisprudence of these tribunals makes clear that significant challenges remain, including inconsistency in how to understand – and therefore how to prove and adequately link to higher level perpetrators – crimes of sexual violence committed in the context of conflict, mass violence or repression. This chapter examines these challenges and explores whether human rights law, particularly the requirement that access …

Lessons From The Americas: Guidelines For International Response To Amnesties For Atrocities, Douglass Cassel

Journal Articles

Amnesty guidelines modeled on international law as defined by Latin American tribunals and treaties should be adopted and used by the United Nations, the Organization of American States, and national governments involved in remedying human rights violations. The 10 guidelines are stringent and would rarely result in the granting of amnesty. They may better serve their function than treaties or customary laws be cause they are guidelines and not mandatory.

Report Regarding Implementation Of The American Bar Association's Recommendations And Resolutions Concerning The Death Penalty And Calling For A Moratorium On Executions, Lyn Entzeroth, Randall Coyne

Articles, Chapters in Books and Other Contributions to Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Importing Prison Labor Products From The People's Republic Of China: Re-Examining U.S. Enforcement Of Section 307 Of The Trade And Tariff Act Of 1930, Sarah A. Thornton

Washington International Law Journal

Since 1989, the United States has engaged in a heated debate with the People's Republic of China over products manufactured in Chinese prisons which enter U.S. markets. Human rights advocates argue that conditions in China's prisons violate human rights principles, and therefore, the United States should not extend Most Favored Nation trade status to China. Others argue that human rights conditions will only improve if the United States continues to extend MFN privileges. Forgotten is section 307 of the Trade and Tariff Act of 1930, which prohibits imports of products made from prison labor. To effectively address the prison labor …

Nothing But The Truth? Transitional Regimes Confront The Past, Joan Fitzpatrick

Michigan Journal of International Law

Review of Impunity and Human Rights in International Law and Practice (Naomi Roht-Arriaza ed.)

Legislating Against Hate In New York: Bias Crimes And The Lesbian And Gay Community, Martin S. Zwerling

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

War Crimes And Other Human Rights Abuses In The Former Yugoslavia, Robert T. Mounts, Jeffrey L. Bleich, Douglass Cassell

Journal Articles

Mr. Cassel: Today, the world is witnessing in Europe the first genocide in half a century. Unfortunately, everyone has failed to date to do much about it. Everyone has seen it so often in the papers and on the television in the last two years, that it sounds almost banal at this point to repeat it. History, sociology and the law can get pretty dry. One of the things that the report of the U.N. Commission of Experts on Violations of International Humanitarian Law in the Former Yugoslavia attempted to do was to give all this a human face. This …

Waiting For Credentials: Feminist Theories Of Enforcement Of International Human Rights Law Conference On The Interventional Protection Of Reproductive Rights: Reproduction, Rights, And Reality: How Facts And Law Can Work For Women , Elizabeth K. Spahn

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Israel's Forty-Five Year Emergency: Are There Time Limits To Derogations From Human Rights Obligations?, John Quigley

Michigan Journal of International Law

This article analyzes the permissibility of such a derogation under the Covenant and under general international law. Part I of this article outlines the historical development of Israel's declaration of a continuous state of emergency and its justification for detention without trial. Part II examines international rules on detention and derogation. Part III establishes a standard for declaring a state of emergency and applies this standard to Israel's declaration, with respect both to Israel's own territory and to the Palestinian territories occupied by Israel. Finally, Part IV inquires whether Israel will apply the Covenant as a matter of domestic law.

Section 1983 Litigation In The Ohio Courts: An Introduction For Ohio Lawyers And Judges, Steven H. Steinglass

Law Faculty Articles and Essays

This review of § 1983 litigation in the Ohio courts has three principal goals. First, it provides an introduction to state court § 1983 litigation for Ohio lawyers and judges. Commentators have recognized the importance of state court § 1983 litigation, and the Supreme Court has begun to pay greater attention to state court § 1983 cases. Nonetheless, most § 1983 materials focus on the federal courts. Moreover, the few works addressing litigation of § 1983 claims in state courts either lack an Ohio focus or, where there is such a focus, deal narrowly with specific Ohio issues. This article …

Defender Or Offender: America's Role In The Protection Of International Human Rights?, Kimberly Satterwhite

University of Richmond Law Review

The recent caning of an eighteen year old American student by officials in Singapore sparked much debate over the appropriateness of corporal punishment in criminal cases. Many Americans question the humaneness of criminal penalties imposed in foreign lands. While quick to identify human rights violations around the world, the United States government has been reluctant to concede that abuses occur within the American-criminaljustice system.

Addressing Gross Human Rights Abuses: Punishment And Victim Compensation, Diane Orentlicher

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.

Capital Punishment Of Kids: When Courts Permit Parents To Act On Their Religious Beliefs At The Expense Of Their Children's Lives, Janet J. Anderson

Vanderbilt Law Review

Criminal liability of parents who treat their children's illnesses through spiritual means or prayer alone is the subject of increasing debate. When children die as a result of their parents' religious practices, prosecutions for crimes such as felony child endangerment, manslaughter, and murder may follow. Most states have codified some type of religious accommodation statute which provides a criminal liability exemption for parents who engage in spiritual healing or prayer treatment for their sick children instead of seeking traditional medical assistance. The scope, purpose, and language of these statutes, however, vary." Even when statutes appear to be similar in content, …

Public Law, Private Actors: The Impact Of Human Rights On Business Investors In China, Diane Orentlicher

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.

Public Law, Private Actors: The Impact Of Human Rights On Business Investors In China Symposium: Doing Business In China, Diane F. Orentlicher, Timothy A. Gelatt

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

Should companies invest at all in countries, like China, where severe human rights abuses are pervasive? If they do invest, should they restrict their operations to areas of the country that have a comparatively good human rights record? Are there basic principles that transnational companies should observe to ensure, at a minimum, that they do not become complicit in a host government's abrogation of universally-recognized human rights? Should such principles be enforced by Executive or congressional fiat, or should companies take primary responsibility for policing themselves? How can companies that wish to factor human rights considerations into their business decisions …

Expanding Our Vision Of Legal Services Representation:The Hermanas Unidas Project, Stacy Brustin

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

Transcript: Conference On The 30th Anniversary Of The United States Supreme Court's Decision In Gideon V. Wainwright: Gideon And The Public Service Role Of Lawyers In Advancing Equal Justice , American University Law Review

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.

International Human Rights Law: A Development Overview And Domestic Application Within The U.S. Criminal Justice System, William D. Auman

North Carolina Central Law Review

No abstract provided.

So What's In A Name? A Rhetorical Reading Of Washington's Sexually Violent Predators Act, J. Christopher Rideout

Seattle University Law Review

In this Article, I will examine this socially constitutive function of narratives in the enactment of Washington State's Sexually Violent Predators Act.'0 This Act is a prime recent example of how social narratives-in this case, narratives of violence, pain, and outrage-lie behind the official language of the law. As Winter would point out, narrative was the vehicle that prompted legal change. The question for this Article, however, is what happens once the story has been recast into another form, here that of a statute? How well do the immediacy of the details and the authorial voice of the story lend …

Confronting Violence: In The Act And In The Word, David Boerner

Seattle University Law Review

In this Symposium Article, the author narrates his experience as a member of the Task Force to create Washington’s Sexually Violent Predator Civil Commitment Law.

Limits On The State's Power To Confine "Dangerous" Persons: Constitutional Implications Of Foucha V. Louisiana, James W. Ellis

Seattle University Law Review

This Article does not attempt a complete analysis of all the constitutional implications of Foucha,nor does it attempt to provide a definitive answer to the question of the constitutionality of Washington's sexual predator statute. Rather, because Foucha addressed important due process and equal protection questions relevant to the Washington statute, the Article is an attempt to analyze the case's basic constitutional holdings and discussion on the issue of state deprivation of physical liberty.

The Politics Of Sexual Psychopathy: Washington State's Sexual Predator Legislation, Stuart Scheingold, Toska Olson, Jana Pershing

Seattle University Law Review

What are the principles that guide this return to indeterminacy? Taken at face value, rehabilitation would seem to be the goal of the civil commitment provisions that make avail- able a treatment program to cure and reintegrate sexual offenders. Of course, rehabilitation was unequivocally rejected by determinate sentencing reformers, who considered it both discriminatory and ineffective.6 An alternative interpretation is that the sexual predator provisions lead in an incapacitative direction-that is, they are designed to predict which offenders are so dangerous that they must be more or less permanently institutionalized to protect the society. Either way, the sexual predator legislation …

Editor's Preface: Predators And Politics: The Dichotomies Of Translation In The Washington Sexually Violent Predators Statute, Nancy Watkins Anderson, Kenneth W. Masters

Seattle University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Washington's Sexually Violent Predator Law: A Deliberate Misuse Of The Therapeutic State For Social Control, John Q. La Fond

Seattle University Law Review

This Article will demonstrate that the Washington legislature deliberately chose to abuse the medical model of involuntary commitment for treatment in order to achieve lifetime preventive detention. In so doing, the legislature violated fundamental constitutional principles that underlie our system of social care and control and safeguard individual liberty.

Washington's Sexually Violent Predators Statute: Law Or Lottery? A Response To Professor Brooks, John Q. La Fond

Seattle University Law Review

In this Symposium Article, the author responds to Alexander D. Brooks, The Constitutionality and Morality of Civilly Committing Violent Sexual Predators, article.

Corporate Culpability Under The Federal Sentencing Guidelines, Jennifer Moore

Faculty Scholarship

This Article examines the use of corporate culpability in the Federal Sentencing Guidelines and addresses three major questions: In light of the traditional unimportance of culpability in corporate criminal law, is corporate culpability an appropriate concern of the Guidelines? If so, how is corporate culpability best conceptualized? Finally, how do the Guidelines understand corporate culpability, and how close do they come to embodying this most satisfying theory? Part I of the Article discusses the principal reasons why culpability has been important at the trial and sentencing of individual criminals, and argues that similar reasons justify concern with culpability in the …

The Constitutionality And Morality Of Civilly Committing Violent Sexual Predators, Alexander D. Brooks

Seattle University Law Review

This Article will address four major substantive constitutional and moral challenges to the Washington Sexually Violent Predator statute. The first is that the statute provides for unacceptable preventive detention contrary to American tradition and law. The second is that the terminology used to identify the mental condition of sexually violent predators is vague and meaningless, resulting in inaccurate and unfair applications and lacking in uniformity. The third objection is that the treatment program necessarily relies on a false assumption that efficacious treatment is available and argues that without efficacious treatment the statute must fail. Fourth, the confinement involved, which theoretically …

A Constitutional Right Of Religious Exemption: An Historical Perspective, Philip A. Hamburger

Faculty Scholarship

Did late eighteenth-century Americans understand the Free Exercise Clause of the United States Constitution to provide individuals a right of exemption from civil laws to which they had religious objections? Claims of exemption based on the Free Exercise Clause have prompted some of the Supreme Court's most prominent free exercise decisions, and therefore this historical inquiry about a right of exemption may have implications for our constitutional jurisprudence. Even if the Court does not adopt late eighteenth-century ideas about the free exercise of religion, we may, nonetheless, find that the history of such ideas can contribute to our contemporary analysis. …

The Need For An International Criminal Court In The New International World Order, Christopher L. Blakesley

Scholarly Works

Any inquiry into the merits of an international criminal court must start with resolving three basic issues:

1. Can the tribunal improve international cooperation in law enforcement, add to the capabilities of the various nations in matters of international criminal law, or contribute in any incremental way to the solution of international and transnational criminal law problems by improving the current practice and enhancing the effectiveness of all concerned?

2. Will the recommended system have a better or equal chance of operating as effectively as the best existing systems of national criminal justice?

3. Will the recommended system improve efficiency …

Books Received, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

JAPANESE CRIMINAL JUSTICE

By A. Didrick Castberg

New York, New York: Praeger Publishers, 1990. Pp. 153. $42.95.

THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS

By David P. Forsythe

Lexington, Massachusetts; Lexington Books, 1991. Pp. 209.$34.00.

FEDERAL COURTS AND THE INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS PARADIGM By Kenneth C. Randall

Durham, North Carolina; Duke University Press. 1990. Pp. 295. $45.00.

ROMAN LAW AND COMPARATIVE LAW

By Alan Watson

Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press, 1991. Pp. 328. $50.00

THE U.S. CONSTITUTION AND FOREIGN POLICY

By Victoria Marie Kraft

New York, New York: Greenwood Press, 1990. Pp. 185. $45.00.