Digital Commons Network^™

4. Social Darwinism, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold L. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section XV: Biology and the Rise of the Social Sciences

The singular impact of Darwin in fields other than biology can be attributed largely to one man, Herbert Spencer (1820- 1903). It was Spencer, not Darwin, who coined the expression "survival of the fittest." Although neglected today except by historians of the nineteenth century thought, Spencer's influence on his own time was so great that Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes was able to wonder if "any writer of English except Darwin has done so much to affect our whole way of thinking about the universe." Herbert Spencer was born into a traditionally nonconformist English family of modest means. He refused a …

1. International Anarchy (1900-1918), Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold L. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section XVIII: The Western World in the Twentieth Century: The Historical Setting

It is probable that most people, if asked to list the characteristics of the Western World in this century, would place at or near the top of their list something about international rivalries. Curiously enough, a similar poll conducted in Europe and North America in 1900 would likely have given equal prominence to the idea that the world had entered a period of increasing international amity. [excerpt]

7. Modern Totalitarianism: Russian Communism, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold L. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section XVIII: The Western World in the Twentieth Century: The Historical Setting

Some political analysts place fascism at the extreme right of the political spectrum, Communism at or near the extreme left. This classification has been much favored by Marxist writers who believe that fascism is the last desperate effort of embattled capitalism to stave off the proletarian victory. Doubtless, Communist writers are aware of the value in some circles of the leftist label with its overtones of progress, freedom, and the general welfare. We have already noted the origin of the terms "Left" and "Right" in the French Revolution when they were used to distinguish between the advocates of change and …

3. The Church's Bid For Worldwide Leadership, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold A. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section III: The Medieval Church

The Church in the West had made the claim that it could and would bring all men into subjection to godliness, and that in so doing it would create a universal Christian society. Because of the great influence wielded in medieval society by the feudal nobles, the Church was particularly interested in directing their activities to what it considered to be useful ends. Accordingly, as we have already seen, it gave a religious coloration to knighthood and preached that knights should fight only in such just causes as defending the helpless and protecting the innocent. About the year 1000, synods …

5. The Rise Of National Feeling, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold A. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section V: The Rise of Capitalism and the National State to 1500

In the centuries under review in this chapter the self-sufficient manor, the feudal aristocracy, and the cultural isolation of Europe fell before the forces of economic change. In much the same way and for many of the same reasons the political institutions and practices of feudalism succumbed to the joint attacks or monarchs and the middle class. Even in its day of glory feudalism had within itself certain weaknesses. It had never been able to maintain more than a modicum of order, and indeed under the chivalric code the proper occupation of the knight was warfare. To the interminable civil …

10. The Political Thought Of Machiavelli, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold A. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section V: The Rise of Capitalism and the National State to 1500

The national state in Western Europe was a new institution, without precedent in the European World. Its rise and almost immediate conflict with the Church challenged political theorists to reexamine the assumptions of a universal church in a universal empire upon which the theory of the two swords was based. These assumptions were so generally accepted that they were not easily abandoned. In the fourteenth century Marsiglia of Padua, for all his disinterest in the two swords, had arrived at his conclusions without denying either the existence of a universal church or the validity of the traditional morality. Other writers …

2. The Renaissance Of Northern Europe, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold A. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section VI: Renaissance Humanism

The Renaissance north of the Alps was akin to the Italian Renaissance, but it appeared later and developed distinctive features of its own. It had a dual origin in infection and invention. Infection was the result of the brisk traffic of merchants, scholars, princes, soldiers, Churchmen, and artists which passed between Italy and the North, carrying tidings of the new developments in Rome, Florence, Venice, and Milan. In addition, northern Europeans hit on ideas of their own. Since they, like the Italians, were experiencing the growth of trade, urban life, and the centralized state, their response to these events was …

1. The Absolute Dynastic State, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold L. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section IX: Early Modern Europe, 1500-1789

One of the most significant developments of the early modern period was the evolution of the national state from its beginnings in the feudal monarchy of the High and Late Middle Ages. The ghost of a universal state coincident with a universal church, which had lingered to the end of the Middle Ages, was finally laid to rest with the successful disruption of Christendom and recognition of the sovereignty of the national state. In its place there was a frank acceptance of the political fragmentation of Europe along the geographical lines which were already clearly discernible, at least in western …

4. Mercantilism, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold L. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section IX: Early Modern Europe, 1500-1789

The rise of the national state and the expansion of Europe, which have just been described, were accompanied by the further development of commercial capitalism along lines already laid down in the later Middle Ages. The most notable fact about capitalism between 1500 and 1789 was its overall growth, not so much in the development of new techniques (at least not until the very end of the period) as in the wider use and elaboration of old ones. The New Monarchy and its successors afforded protection to businessmen and something resembling a national market. In addition, the government with its …

6. Rome: The Barbarians, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold A. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section I: Athens, Rome, and Jerusalem: Background of Western Civilization

North of the Rhine and Danube Rivers there lived people known to the Romans as Germans, and often called the barbarians. One of the meanings of the word "barbarian" refers to people who are uncivilized in the sense that they are primarily pastoral and semi-nomadic; they lack a written language; and they possess little in the way of government except in time of war, which may be frequent, since warfare and hunting are usually the chief preoccupation of the males. What agriculture barbarians have generally is carried on by women and slaves. This description fits their northern neighbors at the …

4. Nationalism As An Idea, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold L. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section XIII: Political Liberalism and Nationalism, 1815-1871

Nationalism may be described as a state of mind which gives priority to the idea of nationality. Nationality in turn refers to a group of people who pride themselves on their common descent, customs, or traditions. As a rule these people inhabit a well-defined geographic area and are united by a common language. Often they tend to exhibit a collective egoism, convinced that their particular culture and ethnic stock are superior to all others. Some notable exceptions to these generalizations exist, yet even these exceptions are also characterized by what has been called "a living and active corporate will" as …

7. The Making Of France As A National State, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold A. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section V: The Rise of Capitalism and the National State to 1500

The west Frankish kingdom of Charles the Bald, which he had received in 843 as his portion of his grandfather's great empire, is geographically the genesis of modern France. In the century of disorder and confusion following the partition of Charlemagne's realm into three kingdoms, government fell into the hands of powerful vassals. From the first, therefore, great lords in France exercised the functions of independent rulers. In 987 they chose one of the weaker of their number, Hugh Capet (987-996), to be king. He and his successors faced two great problems in establishing nationhood in France: how to recover …

3. The Economic Scene (1919-1939), Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold L. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section XVIII: The Western World in the Twentieth Century: The Historical Setting

Control over the processes of production was made more efficient by the application of the new techniques of scientific management, a concept which first achieved prominence in America. Uneconomic producers were closed down in what was called rationalization of production. In Britain, unprofitable coal mines were abandoned through cooperation between government and business. In some cases, plant efficiency was increased by better layout and labor-saving machines. American coal mining was revolutionized by the conveyor belt and mechanical cutting equipment. Material-saving devices were introduced, such as those which reduced the amount of coal necessary to generate a kilowatt of electricity. Standardization …

Unionism: Fraudulent Or Genuine?, Nathan Karp

Van Sickle Leftist Pamphlet Collection, 1900-1993

No abstract provided.

The Wars Of The Sioux, Dorothy Holland Adderhold

Theses

This paper examines the wars fought by Plains Indians for over forty years following the Civil War as they attempted to preserve their homeland and ancestral way of life.

3. The Emergence Of Socialist Parties, 1848-1914, Robert L. Bloom, Basil L. Crapster, Harold L. Dunkelberger, Charles H. Glatfelter, Richard T. Mara, Norman E. Richardson, W. Richard Schubart

Section XVI: Developments in Socialism, 1848-1914

The emergence of socialist parties frequently is treated by Marxians and non-Marxians alike, as an inevitable development. From this viewpoint, the Industrial Revolution completed the breakdown of an essentially land-based social structure, economy, and political system. New classes were creates; new interests required political expression. Working people, united by the often miserable conditions under which they lived and labored, ultimately turned to socialism. [excerpt]

A History Of Morocco In Anglo-American Literature 1892-1957, Robert G. Wagner

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Although several studies exist in French on the French and English literature of Morocco up to the twentieth century, nothing of a similar nature is extant for books on the country in English. Moreover, no previous study included twentieth century English and American books. A survey of the serious works on Morocco reveals that that country has been generally neglected by American and English scholars as an area for Investigation.

Five Years Of "Philippine Studies", Editorial In Volume 4 Number 4

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

The Independent And Montgomery Transcript, V. 80, Thursday, November 28, 1957, [Number: 26], The Independent, Paul W. Levengood

The Independent and Montgomery Transcript Newspaper, 1952-1984

[8] p. Newspaper published in Collegeville, Pa. Weekly. Contains local, county, state and national news, editorials, letters, classified and local business advertisements.

The Octofoil, October 1957, Ninth Infantry Division Association

The Octofoil

The Octofoil is the offical publication of the Ninth Infantry Division Association, Inc., an organization formed by the officers and men of the 9th Infantry Division in order to perpetuate the memory of fallen comrades, preserve the esprit de corps of the Division, promote peace and serve as an information bureau about the 9th Infantry Division. The Association is made up of 9th Infantry veterans from WWII and Vietnam, spouses, widows and lineal descendants.

Populist Fusion Movements As An Instrument Of Political Reform, 1890-1900, Lee A. Dew

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

The importance of the People's Party of the 1890's is not to be found in the record of the party itself, but the effect which the existence of the party had on the two major political organizations, and the significant contributions made by ex-Populists who returned to the old parties after obtaining a liberal education in Populism. Beginning with the election of 1890, and continuing through the election of 1896, the Populist party became progressively more important in American politics as the agent of the dissatisfied American farmer unwilling to realize and unable to adjust to the new conditions of …

The Ursinus Weekly, April 15, 1957, Walter W. Montgomery, Lawrence C. Foard

Ursinus Weekly Newspaper, 1902-1978

YWCA, WSGA, WAA vote to be held Tuesday April 16 • Circulate petitions for rep. to MSGA; Council meets • Chi Alpha elects officers; Dr. Jones speaks to society • Dr. Pancoast honored; Will attend conference • Dr. Miller to visit Hawaii; Will teach at university • Senate receives women's petition for rules revision • H. Lloyd Jones appointed assistant admissions director • Inter-frat council plans dance and picnic Apr. 26, 27 • Dr. Obold gives lectures on Middle East problems • "Sabrina fair" now in rehearsal; Will be presented May 10 and 11 • Val Spencer junior prom queen; …

1957-03-07 Rowan County News, Rowan County News (Morehead, Ky.)

Rowan County News Archive

Rowan County News published on March 7, 1957.

A Study Of Imagery In The Poetry Of Edward Taylor, Cynthia Nash Wolfe

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Crisis In U.S. Defense, Klaus Eugen Knorr

Van Sickle Leftist Pamphlet Collection, 1900-1993

No abstract provided.

An Historical Comparison Of The Federal Constitutions Of The Achaean League And The United States Of America , William Henry Hogan

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

The Ursinus Weekly, December 10, 1956, Lawrence C. Foard, Ismar Schorsch, Arthur King, Thomas M. Mccabe, Ann Leger, Bruce Macgregor, Richard Blood, Warren Rybak

Ursinus Weekly Newspaper, 1902-1978

Christmas parties for children given by three groups • Holy Communion to be held Dec. 13 • Class of 1959 sponsors "Dogpatch drag" Dec. 8 • "Morning watch" to be held by SWC • "Weekly" staffs have Christmas dinner, Dec. 4 • APO offers "share-the-ride" plan to students • Nineteenth annual "Messiah" presented Thursday, Dec. 6 • MSGA council issues warnings on speeding, parking • "Y" groups hear two speakers Wed. • SRC presents "Coffee klatch" on Fridays • Graduation programs on sale during this week • Annual Christmas ball to take place Wednesday night • UC "Help Hungary" drive …

Hollins Columns (1956 Nov 1), Hollins College

Hollins Student Newspapers

Table of Contents:

• Rev. Gresham to Speak in Chapel on Sunday Night
• New Members in Swimming Club
• Psychology Movie to Be Shown November 8
• Election Night Party to be Held
• Babb, Barker Join Ye Merrie Maskers
• Plans Are Started For the Freshmen Follies of 1960
• Student Vote Favors Eisenhower, 353, To 79 For Stevenson
• Thompson Art Works On Exhibit
• Hockey Squad In Blue Ridge Tourney
• Campus Activities Committee Sponsors V.M.I. Cadets Dance
• "Defenders of the Proletariat"
• Let's Keep Extracurricular Activities Extracurricular
• An Independent's Approach to the Election
• Freshman Related Wreck of Andrea Doria
• Hollins Weather
• Tinker, Anyone?
• Have You Seen …

The Settlement Of Cache Valley, Joel E. Ricks

Joel Ricks Collection

The settlement of Cache Valley played a significant part in the tremendous efforts of Brigham Young to occupy and develop an extensive commonwealth in the Far West. As he led his tired but hopeful pioneers into the valley of the Great Salt Lake in 1847, it did not seem likely that one of America's greatest colonial enterprises was in the making.

1956-08-23 Rowan County News, Rowan County News (Morehead, Ky.)

Rowan County News Archive

Rowan County News published on August 23, 1956.