Digital Commons Network^™

Breaking Apartheid With Interractial Friendships, Izzy Maire

The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing

In August 1956, thousands of South African women marched in front of the Union Building in Pretoria, South Africa. In their arms they carried petitions that demanded the abolishment of apartheid era pass laws, which required non-white South Africans to carry passbooks. The photo above depicted four women that lead this united legion of women. The white woman in this picture, Helen Joseph, commented on the racial identity of these leaders. She wrote, “Four women had been chosen as leaders for the day, Lillian Ngoyi, the African, Rahima Moosa, the Indian, Sophie Williams, the Coloured and I, the white.”1 As …

The Civil War And The Apocalypse Insights From The Millennial Sta, Megan Mcconnell

The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing

An editorial published in the Millennial Star on May 11, 1861, almost exactly one month after the start of the American Civil War, declared that the war that had broken out on the American continent was part of the “signs of the times” and that it “should be an incentive to diligence and faithfulness” to the European members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The war would be a calamity to a degree that had never before been seen on the Earth and one which the “nations of Europe cannot escape from.”1 The editor pronounced that the …

Remembering The Lady Representations Of Abigail Adams In The Women’S Rights Movement, Allison Haack

The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing

In November 1975, Redbook, a women’s magazine, included a “call to action” issued to women of the United States. This call was set forth both in response to the bicentennial celebration of the Declaration of Independence as well the UN National Women’s Year. In it, over fifty organizations came together to lay out an eleven-step plan to achieve greater political equality between the sexes—namely, the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment. To introduce this call to action, Bess Myers, the author, shared several anecdotes about Abigail Adams, including Adams’ charge that her husband “remember the ladies” when he went off …

“To Inherit God Himself?” The Metaphysical Transformation Of Man As Theorized In Cotton Mather’S Biblia Americana, Michael Green

The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing

The tumult of the Enlightenment was enormous, not least in its impact on theologians of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. Biblical exegesis (explanation of a scriptural text based on its own historical and cultural circumstances) of the Reformation that idealized interpretations grounded in unerring prophetic figures were suddenly and forcefully subjected to the tide of historical literalism propagated by major intellectual figures such as Hugo Grotius and Baruch Spinoza. They and their cohort believed that the Bible should be treated as a historical source and its merits scrutinized based on its literal accuracy

The Incomplete Conquest Of Spanish Guinea 1471-1910, Pual Guajardo

The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing

Mary Henrietta Kingsley, the famous early female explorer of Africa, once remarked that an appointment to the Equatoguinean island of Fernando Po was “equivalent to execution, only more uncomfortable.”1 Similarly, historian Randall Fegley remarked that Port Clarence, which became the capital of Equatorial Guinea, was known as “death’s waiting room.”2 When we think of the Spanish Empire, we usually envision the empire that decimated the Aztecs and the Incas, not a regime that failed to conquer and colonize an island one-fifth the size of Hawaii. Yet, for more than 400 years, the small indigenous community of Fernando Po quietly defied …

Editor's Note, Cope Makechnie-Hardy

The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing

The medieval historian William of Malmesbury wrote that the legendary King Arthur was “worthily deserving to be celebrated, not by idle fictions, but by authentic history.”1

Front Matter

The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing

No abstract provided.

Relational Pedagogy For Teaching The History Of American Religion In Collegiate Classrooms, Pearl Young

The Journal of Faith, Education, and Community

There is something odd about teaching religious history in collegiate classrooms. Most academic historians agree that religion is central to the history of any society, yet discussions of religious history or even religious culture are strikingly peripheral to historical narratives taught in college classrooms. Instructors frequently sidestep religion, deeming it too personal and divisive for an objective, scientific study so frequently associated with the academic field of history.

I argue that a more deliberate approach, one of relational pedagogy, overcomes these obstacles while recognizing the legitimacy of such concerns. This approach serves students well and can cover a breadth of …

The Impact Of Lobbying On Us And Uk Foreign Policy, Alexandra D. Smith

Faculty Curated Undergraduate Works

This paper seeks to understand the relationship between lobbying and the development and implementation of foreign policy by the United States and the United Kingdom. By examining legislation, various websites, articles, and insights gained from my personal internship experience this paper will explore how lobbying contributes to the development of policy and legislation. Additionally, case studies on foreign economic policy and foreign lobbying are used to examine the impact of lobbying. Given the central role of lobbying in policy development, it is important to understand not only what lobbying is but also how it works and what its implications are. …

Mrs. Yolonda Denmark

African American Funeral Programs

Mrs_Yolonda_Denmark.pdf - Funeral program for Yolanda Denmark

A Likely Story: The Differing Narratives Between The Anglican And Catholic Presentation Of The Reformation, Cecilia Broxon

Scholars Week

The story of the Anglican reformation is often simplified to the result of King Henry VIII's desire for a divorce; however, this paper argues that it was a complex and prolonged process marked by differing Anglican and Catholic narratives. By exploring primary sources, including letters and interviews, as well as secondary analyses, this paper discusses misconceptions surrounding the Reformation, such as its speed and primary motivations. It further examines the formation of early Anglican doctrine and the contrasting presentations of the Reformation, revealing instances of resistance, the destruction of Catholic art, and the mistreatment of churches, which are frequently downplayed …

The Chanticleer, 2025-04-10, Coastal Carolina University

The Chanticleer Student Newspaper

The editorially independent student produced weekly newspaper of Coastal Carolina University.

Holocaust Resistance Activity: Storymaps And Museum Exhibition, Museum Of History And Holocaust Education

Museum of History and Holocaust Education Teacher's Guides

The Museum of History and Holocaust Education created this classroom activity and teacher guide to supplement our free educational videos and digital content about resistance to the Holocaust. To access the free resources needed for this activity, visit our StoryMaps webpage. We recommend that teachers preview the video content before showing it to students. The worksheets on pages 11–18 and copies of our Holocaust Resistance Image Gallery PDF can be printed out for classroom purposes.

Poverty In Conflict: How Poverty Has Been Affected By The Russia-Ukraine War, Madeline A. Matthews

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

In researching the effects of the Russia-Ukraine war on poverty, I sought to understand the effects on the war on the already impoverished and if the war itself increased the rate of poverty particularly in Ukraine. Conflict not only exacerbates already existing poverty (because the poor have less accessibility to shelters, aid, hospitals, religious sites, etc.), but it also increases the number of people who become impoverished. This is true of the current Ukraine-Russia conflict. This war in particular has had more drastic effects on inflicting poverty as Urban warfare has been used by Russian forces. This creates situations where …

The Emotional World Of Ex-Confederate Expatriates In Latin America, 1865–1870, Chase H. Mccarter

History ETDs

From 1865 to 1870, tens of thousands of ex-Confederate soldiers, officials, and citizens fled the South for destinations in Latin America. They did so because their defeat in the U.S. Civil War instigated an emotional and identity crisis. Ex-Confederates felt that they could no longer live in the South given the changes wrought by Reconstruction. Rather than remain in the region, many looked toward Latin American states, such as Brazil, Mexico, Venezuela, and British Honduras (Belize), where they believed they could create a way of life like that experienced in the Old South. To do so, ex-Confederates sought settlement in …

Navigating Modernity: Political And Economic Shifts In The Nineteenth Cenutry, Austin Delsontro, Andrew Cox

Chronicles: Journal Of History

No abstract provided.

New Zealand Security Agencies’ Secrecy, Accountability, And Transparency In The Modern Era, Ben Amata

Secrecy and Society

New Zealand’s security agencies need to balance conflicting missions of secrecy, accountability, and transparency in conducting national security government operations. Citizens expect protection without violating their liberties and for security agencies to act effectively and legally. From public revelations about the agencies and government reform efforts, the agencies evolved from almost total secrecy to greater accountability and transparency since World War II. This study employs a historical methodology, which examines primary source documents to reveal the history of secret behavior and to reform the New Zealand Security Intelligence Service and the Government Communications Security Bureau.

Memory, Music, Manuscripts: The Ritual Dynamics Of Kōshiki In Japanese Sōtō Zen, Junko Oba

Yale Journal of Music & Religion

A book review is presented for Memory, Music, Manuscripts: The Ritual Dynamics of Kōshiki in Japanese Sōtō Zen, authored by Michaela Mross, by Junko Oba.

Thomas Pereira’S 'Lülü Zuanyao' 律呂纂要 (Ca. 1685): A Jesuit Music Theory Textbook For The Chinese Emperor, Qingfan Jiang

Yale Journal of Music & Religion

Thomas Pereira (1646–1708), a Portuguese Jesuit missionary, arrived in Beijing in 1672 and was appointed by the Kangxi Emperor (1654–1722) as his music tutor. For the emperor's music lessons, Pereira authored Lülü Zuanyao 律呂纂要 [Elements of Music] (ca. 1685), the first known Western music theory treatise written in Chinese. My translation includes the first half of Zuanyao that focuses on Western music notation, solmization, and the hexachordal system. As a product of the global circulation of musical knowledge in the early modern period, Zuanyao is significant in three ways. First, it illustrates the direct influence of the music education Pereira …

Ai Beliefs And Practices In Community College Classrooms, Julie Eng, Heather Umphlett, Jocelyn Gilchrist, Alicia Howell, Mary Ann Howell, Wendy Miller-Edwards, Laurel Pope

Inquiry: The Journal of the Virginia Community Colleges

The country, the Commonwealth of Virginia, and Virginia Community College System initiatives all promote generative AI within education. It is a topic of great concern and interest for higher education instructors, yet at the same time many faculty members feel uncertain about effectively integrating it into class material. To further add pressure to the AI explosion, community colleges particularly face a responsibility to prepare their students for success in this new AI-focused environment. In this article, seven faculty members from Camp Community College discuss the implications of generative AI programs, including subscriptions and chatbots, within their particular courses and how …

Ada News - 04/07/2025, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Student Senate Meeting Minutes April 7, 2025, Student Senate-Winona State University

Student Senate Meeting Minutes

This document is the official Winona State University Student Senate Minutes for April 7, 2025.

Mrs. Marie Lee West

African American Funeral Programs

No abstract provided.

Cedrick Leonard Torrence Little

African American Funeral Programs

Cedrick Leonard Torrence Little

Sherrie Mae Evans

African American Funeral Programs

No abstract provided.

Sheila Grace Adams

African American Funeral Programs

No abstract provided.

Rodney Clements

African American Funeral Programs

Rodney Clements

Solomon Jones Sr.

African American Funeral Programs

Solomon_Jones_Sr.pdf - Document for Solomon Jones

Calvin Elliott Oglesbee

African American Funeral Programs

Calvin_Elliott_Oglesbee.pdf - Document for Calvin Oglesbee

What’S Behind A Number? An Analysis Of Maternal Healthcare In Cuba And The Impact Of Policy On Women’S Autonomy, Brynn Urban '25

Honor Scholar Theses

The primary aim of this research is to contrast personal testimonies from birthing women in Cuba with the frequently boasted Cuban health statistics in order to illuminate important discrepancies existing between what is reported by the state versus the reality of individual experiences. Investigation into women’s personal testimonies of mistreatment within maternity homes and hospitals in Cuba will reveal significant disparities that exist within the socialist healthcare system that have otherwise gone unconsidered. In order to contextualize these lived experiences as products of problematic post-revolutionary ideologies, the political, economic, and social stakeholders in the Cuban healthcare system will be outlined. …