Digital Commons Network^™

Land Management Manual. Merredin Advisory District, F. Frost, M Howell

Natural resources published reports

Farming by soil type recognizes that each major soil unit has specific land use capabilities. 'When developing a farm management programme, understanding and appreciating the productive potential and degradation hazard of each soil unit ensures that production systems can be developed which are 'sustainable. The aim of this land management manual is to describe the climatic and geological features of the district and provide definitions of each of the major soil units and 'current management recommendations. The material is designed to be used as an information base for farm planners.

Thes oil units described are for the Merredin advisory district …

Geochemical Evolution Of Ferruginous Bauxite Deposits In Northwestern Oregon And Southwestern Washington, Joseph Michael Fassio

Dissertations and Theses

Ferruginous bauxite deposits developed from flows of the Columbia River Basalt Group in northwestern Oregon and southwestern Washington. Samples of the iron pisolite and the gibbsite nodular zones from the upper portion of the weathering profile of drill core from Columbia County, Oregon and Cowlitz County, Washington, were analyzed by instrumental neutron activation. The mineralogy was determined using Xray diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy.

The gibbsite nodular zone is above the clay-rich saprolite or relic basalt zone. The nodules contain relic vesicles and well preserved relic plagioclase microlites. Gibbsite occurs with poorly crystalline goethite and hematite in the gibbsite nodular zone. …

Geology And Economic Potential Of The Muddy Ranch Inlier, North-Central Oregon, Mustafa Kamal

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

There has been confusion for many years regarding the lithology and age of the rocks exposed in the Muddy Ranch Inlier in north-central Oregon. Taylor (1960) referred to these rocks as metasediments and informally named them the "Muddy Ranch phyllite". My studies indicate the inlier consists of weakly metamorphosed siltstone, mudstone, and less abundant sandstone.

Due to the absence of fossil evidence, it was not possible to determine the age of these rocks. However, from the stratigraphic setting and correlation with similar rocks exposed along structural trend to both the northeast and southwest, rocks of the Muddy Ranch Inlier may …

Tomlinsonia Stichkania Sp. Nov., A Permineralized Grass From The Pliocene To (?)Pleistocene China Ranch Beds In Sperry Wash, California, William D. Tidwell, E. M. V. Nambudiri

Faculty Publications

Permineralized specimens of grasses assignable to Tomlinsonia as a new species Tomlinsonia stichkania occur in the China Ranch beds of Pliocene to possible Pleistocene age in Sperry Wash in the Alexander Hills of southeastern California. The round culm of these grasses is generally solid or occasionally hollow with collateral vascular bundles in the distinct outer and indistinct inner rings. Two-ranked leaf sheaths alternately encircle and overlap the culm. Ridges and furrows occur in the abaxial surfaces of the sheaths. The epidermis of the leaf sheaths is similar to that of the culm. The leaf lamina consists of a three-layered mesophyll. …

Simulation Of Bromide Transport In A Layered Aquifer Using Two-Dimensional And Three-Dimensional Computer Models, Kathleen Michelle Hewitt

Masters Theses

Simulation of a two-well tracer test at a site near Mobile, Alabama was performed and compared with the experimental breakthrough curve. The models used to simulate the test results were the three-dimensional USGS code HST3D and the two-dimensional USGS code MOC. The results of the three-dimensional model were also compared with the results of the two-dimensional model.

The three-dimensional model HST3D predicted the measured breakthrough curve accurately with the exception of early arrival times of the tracer in the withdrawal well. The two-dimensional model MOC did not accurately predict the bromide concentration in the withdrawal well during the two-well test. …

Geology Of The Butler Basin, Grant And Wheeler Counties, Central Oregon, Martin R. Aguirre

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The Butler Basin lies along the John Day River in Central Oregon, astraddle the boundary of Wheeler and Grant counties. Strata exposed in this geomorphic basin, formed by an erosionally breached anticline, range in age from Permo-Triassic to Neogene. The basement rocks of the basin are poorly exposed but lithologically similar to the Permo-Triassic Blue Mountains island-arc rocks which crop out to the south and southeast of the basin in the John Day Inlier. Overlying the basement rocks are Early Cretaceous conglomerates with lenses of sandstone and siltstone informally named the "Goose Rock Conglomerate." Pebble and cobble lithologies present in …

Paleoenvironmental Analysis Of A Late-Holocene Subfossil Coleopteran Fauna From Starks, Maine, Heather A. Hall

Senior Scholar Papers

The Sandy River in central Maine Is flanked along much of its length by low terraces. Approximately 100 kg of sediment from one terrace in Starks, Somerset County, Maine was wet-sieved in the field. Over 1100 subfossil Coleoptera were recovered representing 53 individual species of a total of 99 taxa. Wood associated with the fauna is 2000 +/-80 14C Yr in age (1-16,038). The fauna is dominated by species characteristic of habitats apparent in modern central Maine. The subfossil assemblage is indicative of a wide vartety of environments including open ground (e.g., Harpalus pensylvanicus), dense forest (e.g., pterostichus honestus), aquatic …

Laramide Deformation In Precambrian Granitic Rocks, Northeastern Wind River Range, Wyoming, Mark A. Dubois

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Fractures and faults in the Jakey's Fork area, northeastern Wind River Range, Wyoming, caused by brittle Laramide deformation in the Precambrian granitic basement have been studied in detail at airphoto, outcrop, and thin-section scales. The study area is bounded on the south by the approximately east-west and vertical Jakey's Fork Fault and on the east by the approximately northwest-southeast and vertical Ross Lakes Fault. Both were active during Laramide deformation. Four distinct structural domains, defined by fracture pat terns and proximity to the two major faults nave emerged in this study. The areas are: 1) Along Ross Lakes Fault granite …

Geology, Volcanology, And Petrology Of Cerro Bravo, A Young, Dactic, Stratovolcano In West-Central Colombia, David Tondl Lescinsky

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The northernmost active Andean volcano, Cerro Bravo is a small, young, and very explosive stratovolcano. Cerro Bravo has produced voluminous tephra deposits, that are found> 30 km away, as well as, pumice flow deposits, block and ash flow deposits, and high-aspect lava flows, which are found proximally to the volcano. There have been eight episodes of activity during the past 6250±110 years (Herd, 1982), with the most recent <200 years ago and the present being a period of quiescence with no visible activity or thermal manifestations. Stratigraphic relationships suggest the occurrence of an initial explosive phase and a concluding effusive phase of activity during individual episodes. The products of volcanic activity at Cerro Bravo are a chemically and mineralogically monotonous suite of medium-K dacite and high-silica andesite (59.2- 67.5% SiO₂ pumices and lavas. The dominant phenocrysts present are plagioclase and hornblende (oxyhomblende in lavas) with lesser quantities of orthopyroxene, titanomagnetite, and rare augite and biotite also present. Petrology and eruption dynamics …

A “Drastic” Evaluation Of The Ground-Water Pollution Potential Of Karst Terrain: Lost River Ground-Water Basin, Warren County, Kentucky, David Baize

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Karst terrains, such as the Lost River Karst Ground-Water Basin, are extremely vulnerable to ground-water contamination. Seven physical factors: depth to water, recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, impact of the vadose zone, and hydraulic conductivity, are evaluated using the DRASTIC system to determine the ground-water pollution potential of the study area. A numerical value is calculated for each of the seven factors, and a map layer for each factor is produced. These layers are then “added” together to produce a DRASTIC ground-water pollution potential map. The effectiveness of each factor in evaluating the pollution potential of karst terrain is …

Stromatolites Of The Lower Cambrian Deep Spring Formation; Mount Dunfee, Esmeralda County, Nevada, Lynn Oliver

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The Middle Member of the Lower Cambrian Deep Spring Formation at Mount Dunfee, Nevada contains a diverse assemblage of stromatolites that formed on a tide- and storm-dominated, siliciclastic-influenced, carbonate shelf. The stromatolites formed in a shallow subtidal environment within and near active oolite shoals under strongly focused currents. The stromatolites occur in four different lithofacies: (1) bioherms of digitate stromatolites, (2) bioherms and biostromes of inclined stromatolites, (3) isolated forms of massive and hemispheroidal stromatolites, and (4) a biostrome of cryptomicrobial boundstones. The first three lithofacies are interpreted as microbial reefs. They had topographic relief, formed in active agitated waters, …

Bazile Triangle Groundwater Quality Study, David C. Gosselin

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Annual Installation Of Irrigation Wells In Nebraska Through 1989, Conservation Survey Division

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Richardson County Test Hole Logs, Raymond R. Burchett, Frank A. Smith

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Constraints On The Emplacement And Uplift History Of The Pine Mountain Thrust Sheet, Eastern Kentucky: Evidence From Coal Rank Trends, Kieran D. O'Hara, James C. Hower, Susan M. Rimmer

Earth and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications

In this paper coal rank trends on both sides of the Pine Mountain thrust in eastern Kentucky are used to place constraints on thrust evolution. Vitrinite reflectance () measurements on a single Pennsylvanian coal horizon (Fire Clay coal) in eastern Kentucky increase from 0.5% in the north to about 1.0% toward the SE in front of the Pine Mountain thrust. The same horizon in the hangingwall of the thrust displays lower R_max values (0.8-0.85%). The reflectance isograds are subparallel to the thrust within approximately 10 km of the trace of the fault. We attribute thermal maturation to (1) pre-orogenic …

Biological Markers In Lower Jurassic Synrift Lacustrine Black Shales, Hartford Basin, Connecticut, U.S.A., Michael A. Kruge, John F. Hubert, Jay F. Akes, Paul E. Meriney

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The East Berlin Formation (Lower Jurassic, Hartford basin, Connecticut, U.S.A.) is distinctive for its six cyclic units of lacustrine black shale and gray mudstone. separated by playa and fluvial redbeds. The black shales arc each about a meter thick and were deposited in subtropical, thermally stratified, oligomictic lakes, the youngest of which (lakes 3 through 6) were large enough to flood most of the basin and attained depths of several tens of meters.

The saturate fractions of solvent extracts of organic-rich black shales from each of the six lakes, collected at fresh roadcuts near East Berlin, arc dominated by extended …

Organic Geochemistry Of A Lower Jurassic Synrift Lacustrine Sequence, Hartford Basin, Connecticut, U.S.A., Michael A. Kruge, John F. Hubert, David F. Bensley, John C. Crelling, R Jay Akes, Paul E. Meriney

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Synrift terrestrial strata of the Lower Jurassic East Berlin Formation (Hartford basin, Connecticut, U.S.A.) record cyclical expansion and contraction of major lakes, six of which were deep enough to develop anoxic bottom waters. We have studied one representative lacustrine sequence in detail, sampling a new roadcut near the village of East Berlin. The section examined is 4 m thick, with a gray siltstone at the base, deposited in shallow water, overlain by an organic-rich black shale (deep water), succeeded in turn by another gray siltstone, deposited as the lake waters gradually receded. The upper gray siltstone is chemically distinct from …

Mining In Maine : Past, Present, And Future, Carolyn A. Lepage

Maine Collection

Mining in Maine : Past, Present, and Future

by Carolyn A. Lepage, Michael E. Foley, and Woodrow B. Thompson

Maine Geological Survey, Department of Conservation, Augusta, Me., 1990.

Contents: Introduction / The Early Years: Pre-Civil War / The Civil War to World War II / The War Years of the 1940's / The Postwar Years: 1940's to 1960 / The 1960's / The 1970's / Maine Mineral Resources Association / The 1980's / Current Mining and Exploration / Future Potential / Acknowledgments / References

Earthquakes In Nebraska, Second Edition (Expanded), R. R. Burchett

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

An earthquake is the result of an adjustment of the surface of the earth caused by a release of energy in the earth's crust. Faulting is one of many causes of earthquakes.

Annual Departures From Average Annual Precipitation In Nebraska, 1850-1989, Conservation And Survey Division

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Location Of Registered Irrigation Wells In Nebraska As Of 1990.

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

High-Volume Oil Discovery In Clinton County, Kentucky, Terence Hamilton-Smith, Brandon C. Nuttall, Patrick J. Gooding, Dan Walker, James A. Drahovzal

Information Circular--KGS

The Syndicated Options Limited of Austria No. 9372 Ferguson Brothers well, located in southern Clinton County, Kentucky, has recently produced oil at reported initial rates of 400 to 130 barrels per hour. Cumulative production for the first 8 weeks of flow following discovery on September 25, 1990, is reported to be nearly 150,000 barrels. The well is the result of deepening a previously abandoned well. Production is from the Middle Ordovician High Bridge Group (equivalent to the Stones River Group of Tennessee) at a depth of 1,008 feet. The reservoir is apparently a fractured carbonate rock, and the fracturing is …

Volcanic Ash Deposits In Nebraska, R. R. Burchett

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Origin, Sedimentary Geochemistry, And Correlation Of Middle And Late Ordovician K-Bentonites: Constraints From Melt Inclusions And Zircon Morphology, Carsten Schirnick

Geology Theses and Dissertations

The present study of Paleozoic K-bentonites demonstrates that the geochemistry of melt inclusions and the morphology of zircons can be studied by inexpensive and simple-to-use methods, which rely on phenocrysts. Constraints are obtained that lead to (a) the origin of these altered volcanic ashes, (b) the geochemistry of ash-to-K-bentonite-alteration, and (c) the reliable correlation of extensively altered volcanic ashes (i.e. K-bentonites).
Silicic melt inclusions (i.e. non-devitrified) have been found in quartz and zircon phenocrysts contained within Ordovician and Devonian K-bentonites from New York State, the Upper Mississippi Valley, and Pennsylvania. Origin, source, and tectonic setting of the volcanism that produced …

Geology And Structure Of The Rocks Associated With The Basal (Madstone) Thrust Of The Josephine Ophiolite In Southwestern Oregon: Evidence For A Metamorphic Sole, Kristin A. Grady

Geology Theses and Dissertations

Many ophiolites have amphibolite at their base which contains a sharp inverted grade of metamorphism. These metamorphic soles are thought to have formed during the detachment and emplacement of the ophiolite. In addition to the sharp inverted grade of metamorphism, other characteristics of metamorphic soles include 1). a highly strained peridotite unit of the hanging wall which has concordant structures with underlying amphibolite and 2). an underlying melange sequence and continental rocks.
The Madstone thrust displaces the Josephine peridotite (Josephine ophiolite-162 Ma) onto amphibolites and underlying deformed gabbros of the Chetco Intrusive Complex. The rocks associated with the Madstone thrust …

Application Of A Trace Element Fractionation Model To Cumulate Gabbroic Xenoliths Of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, Ulrike Eberle

Geology Theses and Dissertations

A trace element fractionation model originally designed to relate plutonic rocks containing a trapped glass component to a complementary volcanic rock suite was applied to olivine and opaque-oxide gabbroic xenoliths from the summit cone of Mauna Kea, Hawaii.
The mathematical model which is based on the Rayleigh Fractionation Law was extended to include the various phases present in these two groups of gabbros and was generalized to treat multiple trace elements, in this case four. These results were incorporated in a new FORTRAN program using the interval-bisection method to greatly improve the convergence time in the numerical solutions.
Calculated results …

The Geology Of Taconic Thrust Sheets And Surrounding Carbonates Of The West Central Vermont Marble Belt, North Of Rutland, Vermont, Kay Bierbrauer

Geology Theses and Dissertations

The carbonates of the Vermont Valley and the overlying rocks of the Taconic sequence have been generally believed to lie on the east limb of a major unfaulted syncline (Middlebury Synclinorium). In this view a westward dipping, north-south trending basal Taconic overthrust must be exposed somewhere along the eastern margin of the Taconic Range.
In contrast, this study based on detailed mapping at the north end of the Taconic Allochthon suggests that a folded overthrust surface is only locally seen in fensters; more commonly the basal obduction surface of the Taconic Allochthon has been truncated by later cross-cutting thrust faults. …

Petrology And Major Element Geochemistry Of Basaltic Glasses From The Blanco Trough, Northeast Pacific, Glenn A. Gaetani

Geology Theses and Dissertations

The original electron microprobe analyses of suite of basaltic glasses recovered in 1968 by W.G. Melson and co-workers from the Blanco Trough have extremely unusual characteristics. Their compositions plot in a region of the normative Ol-Di-Pl-SiO2 tetrahedron which suggests that they represent liquids in equilibrium with an upper mantle assemblage of olivine + orthopyroxene at 10-15 kb. Given the present state of controversy surrounding the composition and depth of origin of primary MORB, natural examples of such liquids would be very important. The major element variations observed in the suite imply that the dominant phases are olivine and an iron-aluminum …

Geochemistry Of Garnet Xenocrysts And Garnet-Bearing Xenoliths In Ordovician Bentonites, Barbara Bock

Geology Theses and Dissertations

Within outcrops of the black Utica shales south of the Mohawk Valley narrow re-entrants parallel with stratification are visible, often accompanied -by a marked orange-staining of the underlying strata. These rentrant features indicate the presence of bentonites weathered back faster then the enclosing shales. These bentonites are presumably magmatic ashes related to extensive volcanism when an island arc collided with the North American continent in the late Ordovician about 450 million years ago (Taconic orogeny).
Bentonites are good stratigraphic markers because of the short time-interval they represent and the large area they cover. Therefore they are commonly used as correlation …

Use Of Limestone, Lime, And Dolomite For So2 Emission Control In Kentucky, Garland R. Dever Jr.

Information Circular--KGS

Flue-gas desulfurization and atmospheric fluidized-bed combustion systems for sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emission control have been installed at 13 coal- and gas-fired plants and one research laboratory in Kentucky. Limestone, lime, and dolomite are the principal SO₂ sorbents used in these systems.

Nine coal-fired, electricity-generating plants in the State have installed wet-scrubbing systems for flue-gas desulfurization. Lime-based scrubbers are using Thiosorbic® lime, produced from the Camp Nelson Limestone (Ordovician) of north-central Kentucky, and carbide lime, a byproduct from the manufacture of acetylene in Louisville. Limestone-based scrubbing systems at three of the plants have used stone from the Warsaw, …