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Impacts Of Early Sexual Experience And Associated Risk Of Sexually Transmitted Infection (Sti) Among Teens And Adults In The United States, Ginny Garcia-Alexander

Sociology Faculty Publications and Presentations

This analysis explores incidence rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among minority group teenagers (aged 15-19) and adults aged 20-34 in the United States. The primary research question is aimed at whether or not the early onset of sexual activity is directly related to the incidence of STI transmission among Americans. Discussion is given to the current literature with respect to the most recent trends in STIs as well as some historical background on classifications. Also examined are the differing impacts observed for those who are affected by bacterial infections (young minorities) and those who are affected by viral infections …

Reconciling The Differences Between The “Gender-Responsive” And The “What Works” Literatures To Improve Services For Girls, Dana Jones Hubbard, Betsy Mattews

Sociology & Criminology Faculty Publications

Recent increases in the delinquency and incarceration of girls have prompted juvenile justice professionals to search for effective, gender-specific prevention and treatment strategies. Given the dearth of research on girls' programming, these professionals are often left to sort out discrepancies between two major bodies of literature that address the needs of delinquent girls—the “what works” literature and the “gender-responsive” literature. This article culls the best of what is available within both these bodies of literature and suggests programmatic elements deemed essential for working effectively with girls.

This Journey Is Not For The Faint Of Heart: An Investigation Of Challenges Facing Transgender Individuals And Their Significant Others, Emily Lenning

Dissertations

This study investigates the challenges imposed on transgender individuals and their significant others as a result of the deviant labels that have been used to stigmatize non-traditional expressions of gender. Using webbased surveys and an on-line focus group, the themes of language and its limitations, psychological trauma, and social challenges are explored and analyzed using discourse analysis. With a total of 311 subjects, 254 transgender individuals and 57 significant others, this research challenges the utility of gendered language as it is currently constituted, addresses the importance of significant others in understanding the transgender experience, and identifies the various social, psychological …

Too Little, Too Late: The Current Generation Of College Women And Sexual Health Education, Nicole C. Schumaker

Masters Theses

This research was conceived when I acknowledged the ways in which women of my generation have been educated about their bodies and about their sexuality. In a review of the literature on adolescent female sexuality, there is substantial evidence to suggest that in regards to early female sex education, adolescent sexuality is linked with danger, victimization, and passivity. Accordingly, it is asserted that these understandings of female sexuality disallow young girls to see themselves as initiators and decision-makers thus compromising their development of sexual subjectivity and responsibility in adulthood.

Data for this project were collected through ten semi-structured interviews with …

Predicting Attitude Toward Sex Education In Public Schools, Sarah A. Gibson

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

According to the National Center for Health Statistics, the teen pregnancy rate rose by 3% between 2005 and 2006, presenting the first increase since 1991. These findings are troubling in light of the consequences of teen pregnancy to teen mothers, their children, and society in general. Many commentators suggest that one method of reducing the rate of teen pregnancies is through sex education programs, particularly in the public school system. However, despite the fact that discussions of sex education in public school have been present since the 1920s, polls indicate that there is still a portion of the public that …

Supervivencia Cotidiana: Un Análisis De Las Estrategias De Vida De Las Mujeres Del Comedor Infantil Virgen Del Valle, Salta, Argentina, Kate Ono Rahel

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

In the Comedor Infantil Virgen del Valle of Salta, Argentina, a group of mothers have united their time and consolidated their scarce material resources to form a communal dining hall in which they serve lunch to the children of the community, many of whom receive their only meal of the day there. The comedor is located in the marginal settlement of Juan Manuel de Rosas and in addition to the scarcity of healthy, affordable food, the inhabitants of this neighborhood daily encounter monetary difficulties, the threat of eviction from their homes and the various hazards posed by the easy access …

Fortaleza’S Feminisms: Searching For Feminist Theory In The Centro De Referência Da Mulher And The Delegacia De Defesa Da Mulher, Paige Sweet

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This study attempts to focus on the issue of how violence against women is combated in Brazil through interviewing the women who work at the Delegacia de Defesa da Mulher and the Centro de Referência da Mulher. I attempt to compare and contrast the policies and procedures of these two institutions, as well as the opinions of the women who work there, to understand how they reflect and/or resist feminist theory values. As the basis of this analysis, I am using feminist domestic violence theory, which states that the cause of domestic violence is rooted in sexism and patriarchal power …

Growing Up Gay In A “Tolerant” Society, John Frank

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This study attempts to understand the lives of young homosexuals living in the Netherlands. Eight homosexual adolescents were interviewed and their responses were analyzed to find out more about growing up in a society known for its tolerant and progressive legislation. The research found that although it is better than most countries, there are still some problems for gays in the Netherlands. It is not uncommon for gay Dutch adolescents to face discrimination and harassment. These young people were quite nervous about coming out and their experiences doing so were not always positive. Parents in the Netherlands were not always …

Pauli Murray's Campaign Against Harvard Law School's "Jane Crow" Admissions Policy, Mary Elizabeth Basile

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.

Agenda- A Publication Of The Jacksonville Alumnae Panhellenic Association March 2008, Jacksonville Alumnae Panhellenic Association

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

Dr. Saffy, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings Scholar was featured in the March 2008 issue of the newsletter. On March 11, 1988 she spoke at the regular meeting.

Women, Re-Entry And Everyday Life: Time To Work?, Dina R. Rose, Venezia Michalsen, Dawn R. Wiest, Anupa Fabian

Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

This study focuses on women at various stages of re-entry into the community after involvement with the criminal justice system. In particular, it takes a close look at how the participants in the study manage their time in the face of the types of competing demands that are all too common to most people.

Thirteenth Annual Women's And Gender Studies Symposium Program, 2008, Illinois State University, Women's And Gender Studies Program

WGSS Student Research Symposium

Program from the Women's and Gender Studies Symposium

Torch (February/March 2008), Amy Homans, Civil Rights Team Project

Torch: The Civil Rights Team Project Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Torch (January 2008), Amy Homans, Civil Rights Team Project

Torch: The Civil Rights Team Project Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Review Essay: Janet Halley, Split Decisions: How And Why To Take A Break From Feminism, Ann Bartow

Law Faculty Scholarship

[Excerpt] “My overarching reaction to Janet Halley's recent book, Split Decisions: How and Why to Take a Break from Feminism, can be summarized with a one sentence cliché: The perfect is the enemy of the good.' She holds feminism to a standard of perfection no human endeavor could possibly meet, and then heartily criticizes it for falling short. Though Halley's myriad observations about feminism occasionally resonated with my own views and experiences, ultimately I remain unconvinced that taking a break from feminism would, for me, be either justified or productive. But I did (mostly) enjoy reading it. Halley is well …

Lgb Students And The School Environment, Molly C. Juhl

Graduate Research Papers

Lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) students often face negative school environments. This literature review examines the current school environments encountered by LGB students and the risk factors associated with these experiences. These risk factors include suicide, substance abuse, academic issues, and struggles with identity development. After examining these risk factors, recommendations for improving the school environment are explored. Further recommendations for school counselors working with LGB students are then discussed. This literature review examines the use of client-centered therapy, bibliotherapy, group counseling, and Solution-Focused Brief Therapy as approaches to working with LGB youth.

The Harm In Being A Man: Gender Self-Stereotyping Moderates The Relation Between The Motivation To Achieve And Performance, John Joseph Haller

Theses Digitization Project

In this thesis, it is proposed that when indivduals apply cultural stereotypes about their social group to their self-concept, a phenomenon known as self-stereotyping happens. It can moderate the relation between achievement motivation and performance outcomes particularly in situations that have implications for gender.

Rethinking Empowerment: Collective Action As Intervention With Women, Melissa Liberty Darnell

Theses Digitization Project

This study explores women's feelings of empowerment that result from participating in collective action events. The study contributes to the growing body of social work scholarship on empowerment practice by identifying and describing the specific variables that may contribute to or enhance empowerment feelings in women as a result of collective action participation.

The Role Of Childhood Sexual Abuse, Social Support, And Optimism In The Development Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Ryan Lorraine Monahan

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study was to examine the role childhood sexual abuse (CSA), social support and a person's worldview (i.e., optimistic or pessimistic attitudes) had on Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

Attitudes And Views Of Older Gays And Lesbians, Neil Mikel Lomeli

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study is to understand the views and attitudes of aging gay men and lesbian women 60 years old and greater toward receving services from social welfare agencies. The hope is to give social and welfare agencies in San Bernardino and Riverside Counties a better understanding and awareness in the needs of older gay men and lesbian women that could result in better programs for them.

Is There A Male Victim?: Discursive Subjection In Representations Of Female-On-Male Childhood Sexual Abuse, James Ireland Ducat

Theses Digitization Project

This thesis investigates established theoretical and embodied accounts of identities excluded within Western heteronormative society in order to seek out how those embodiments and theories may parallel what is contended that another impossible subject position -- the child male victim of adult female sexual violence.

The Empowerment Of Women: Rights And Entitlements In Arab Worlds, Hania Sholkamy

Faculty Book Chapters

Since the late 1990s rights-based approaches (RBAs) in development have been advanced by the major institutional development actors such as the UN, multilateral and bilateral agencies, and international NGOs. A number of critiques of RBAs have emerged that question whether the emancipatory potential of rights discourse and practice will be realized within development. These critiques, however, have not sufficiently questioned the implication of rights discourse and practice for advancing a gender equality agenda and women 's autonomy. This is an area that needs considerable research, and this publication explores some of the key issues at stake. The publication, based on …

Human Rights Commissions And Public Policy: The Role Of The Canadian Human Rights Commission In Advancing Sexual Orientation Equality Rights In Canada, Annette Nierobisz, Mark Searl, Charles Theroux

Sociology and Anthropology Faculty Work

No abstract provided.

Assessment Of Risk Factors For Hiv Infection Among Men Who Have Sex With Men In The Metropolitan Area Of Campinas City, Brazil, Using Respondent-Driven Sampling, Maeve De Mello, Adriana De Araujo Pinho, Magda Chinaglia, Waimar Tun, Aristides Barbosa Junior, Maria Cristina, F.J. Ilario, Paulo Reis, Regina C.S. Salles, Suzanne Westman, Juan Diaz

HIV and AIDS

The Population Council, in collaboration with the Brazil Ministry of Health, the Municipal Program of STD/AIDS of Campinas, and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Global AIDS Program/Brazil, conducted a study to characterize the sociodemographic, behavioral, and environmental factors associated with subgroups of MSM who are most at risk for HIV infection. This research is the first Brazilian study to provide population-based estimates for HIV, syphilis, and HIV-related risk behaviors using an innovative sampling technique to reach members of the target population. Our data suggest the importance for HIV prevention programs to address not only sexual risk reduction, but …

Assessment Of Risk Factors For Hiv Infection In Female Sex Workers And Men Who Have Sex With Men In Ciudad Del Este, Paraguay, Magda Chinaglia, Waimar Tun, Maeve Mello, Magdalena Insfran, Juan Diaz

HIV and AIDS

Research conducted by the Population Council/Brazil, supported by the USAID-funded Horizons Project, documents findings from a study in Paraguay among men who have sex with men and female sex workers to estimate HIV and syphilis prevalence; examine knowledge, attitudes, and risk behaviors related to HIV and STIs; and describe the contextual and behavioral factors influencing HIV and STI transmission. Findings provide guidance to the development of HIV and STI prevention and care interventions and further operations research to test strategies and interventions to reduce the spread of HIV and STIs in these groups.

Training Youth Caregivers To Provide Hiv Education And Support To Orphans And Vulnerable Children In South Africa, Tobey C. Nelson, Eka Esu-Williams, Lungile Mchunu, Pinkie Nyamakazi, S'Fiso Mnguni, Katie D. Schenk, Catherine Searle, Jennifer Redner

HIV and AIDS

In KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, in Durban’s peri-urban community of Valley of 1000 Hills, Horizons partnered with Valley Trust to implement and evaluate a program to provide education and support to orphans and vulnerable children. The study utilized a pre-post test design to assess the feasibility and impact of building the capacity of youth aged 18–24 years to provide HIV education and support to in-school orphans and vulnerable children in their communities. The Valley Trust Youth Caregiver Program trained older youth to provide HIV education, homework assistance, and psychosocial support to orphans and vulnerable children aged 11–15 years. The program …

Engaging Communities In Supporting Hiv Prevention And Adherence To Antiretroviral Therapy In Zambia, Fiona Samuels, Joseph Simbaya, Avina Sarna, Scott Geibel, Phillimon Ndubani, Jolly Kamwanga

HIV and AIDS

In Zambia, the prevalence of HIV is estimated at 16 percent among 15–49-year-olds. This brief presents findings from an operations research study to access the outcomes of the Antiretroviral Community Education and Referral (ACER) project in two urban areas in Zambia—Lusaka and Ndola. The ACER project was implemented by the International HIV/AIDS Alliance, based in England, and the Alliance’s Zambia office, in conjunction with local Zambian partners. Launched in mid-2004, the two-year project built on previous formative research that examined knowledge and attitudes about prevention and treatment. The research was conducted by the Institute of Eco­nomic and Social Research in …

Helping Youth Prevent Hiv: An Evaluation Of The Straight Talk Program In Uganda, Susan E. Adamchak, Karusa Kiragu, Cathy Watson, Medard Muhwezi, Tobey Nelson Sapiano, Ann Akia-Fiedler, Richard Kibombo, Milka Juma

HIV and AIDS

Mass media initiatives are being implemented globally to provide information and foster HIV preventive behavior, however there has been limited evaluation of these efforts in sub-Saharan Africa. The Straight Talk (ST) program in Uganda has targeted youth with HIV and reproductive health (RH) information for over a decade. Evaluation results show positive associations between exposure to ST media and a number of key outcomes among youth, including sexual behavior, knowledge, and attitudes. In 2005–06, the Horizons Program conducted the first impact evaluation of the ST program in Uganda to document its effects on young people. This brief focuses on the …

'Dare To Be Different': Enhancing Life Skills Education For Hiv Prevention In South African Schools, Tobey Nelson Sapiano, Nathi Sohaba, Eka Esu-Williams

HIV and AIDS

In South Africa, approximately 5.5 million people are living with HIV. One of the main strategies the South African Government has used to build HIV prevention awareness and promote behavior change among young people is school-based life skills education. Since 2000, the Horizons Program has conducted research exploring the impact of life skills education and other school-based HIV prevention activities on young South Africans. In contrast to the high HIV prevalence among youth ages 15–24, estimated to be over 10 percent, prevalence for youth ages 10–14 is estimated at just over 1 percent. People aged 10–14 are particularly receptive to …

Food On The Table: The Role Of Livelihood Strategies In Maintaining Nutritional Status Among Art Patients In Kenya And Zambia, Fiona Samuels, Naomi Rutenberg, Joseph Simbaya, Jerry Okal, Nicodemus Kisengese, Stanley Luchters, Susan Kaai, Scott Geibel

HIV and AIDS

As understanding of the multidimensional nature of HIV epidemics improves, it is increasingly recognized that policy and program interventions, whether focusing on prevention, treatment and care, or impact mitigation, must take into account the integral role of food and nutrition security. More broadly, interventions need to consider how people’s livelihoods evolve and adapt to deal with the multifaceted nature of HIV. In eastern and southern Africa, evidence pointing to a vicious cycle between HIV and food and nutrition insecurity is mounting. Programs are now being implemented that link HIV to food and nutritional security, as well as to livelihoods. However, …