Digital Commons Network^™

Advances On Intervention Of Food Polyphenols On Type 2 Diabetes And Metabolic Syndrome, He Zhen, Qin Fang, Chen Jie, He Zhiyong

Food and Machinery

This article reviews the research progress of food polyphenols' intervention on type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in recent years. And it expounds the possible mechanism of food polyphenols on hyperglycemia regulation. It is necessary to excavate more effective ingredient from food materials to provide more theoretical guidance for the development of hypoglycemic health food diabetics.

Research Progress On Bioactive Peptides In Cheese, Chen Senyi, Liu Zhenmin, Jiao Jingkai

Food and Machinery

This study reviewed the production of bioactive peptides in cheese, and summarized the types and research progress of several bioactive peptides commonly found in cheese. The research progress of bioactive peptides in bioavailability and the effects on the intestinal flora was described, and the research prospects of bioactive peptides in cheese were summarized and prospected.

Research Progress Fermented Food And Its Functional Properties Of Mung Bean, Wang Li, Ren Si, Zhou Sumei, Yi Cuiping, Tong Litao, Wang Lili, Zhou Xianrong

Food and Machinery

In this paper, the quality characteristics of mung bean and the types of microbial strains used in fermented mung bean products were summarized. And the types of mung bean fermented food and their functional properties were also introduced. Furthermore, the problems and suggestions were listed in the paper, which was helpful to develop and utilize the mung bean.

Study On The Distribution Characteristics And Traceability Information Of Multi-Elements In Edible Bird's Nest, Ma Xueting, Zhang Jiukai, Chen Ying, Liang Jinzhong, Wang Nan, Ma Xiuli, Guo Boli

Food and Machinery

Forth-eight cup-shaped edible bird's nest (EBN) harvesting from natural cave and man-made house were collected from Malaysia and Indonesia to study the distribution characteristics and traceability of 27 elements in EBN. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was applied for the detection of multi-elements in EBN, and five macro-elements which distributed according to the rule of Na＞Ca＞Mg＞K＞P were found in EBN. Besides, in EBN, some essential trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Mo, Co, Se, Cr), 3 light rare earth elements (LREE) and 2 heavy rare earth elements (HREE) also be detected. All of 27 elements in EBN is …

Research Progress On Grafting Modification Of Protein Glycosylation, Feng Yanying, Mu Daichen, Qi Wenlei, Chen Maolong, Xu Zhou, Cheng Yunhui

Food and Machinery

Glycosylation modification of food proteins with reducing sugars allows covalent attachment of the ε-amino group of the protein to the reducing carbonyl group of the sugar by Maillard reaction, which does not require any chemical catalyst, and is a green and effective chemical modification method. We systematically introduced the reaction mechanism, reaction markers, modification methods and functional properties of protein glycosylation, and discussed the research direction of protein glycosylation.

The Type Of Dietary Fat In An Isocaloric Breakfast Meal Does Not Modify Postprandial Metabolism In Overweight/Obese Pregnant Women, Mary Lesser, Kasuen Mauldin, Lisa Sawrey-Kubicek, Virginia Gildengorin, Janet King

Faculty Publications

Almonds provide a satiating, healthy source of fat and fiber. The postprandial metabolic and satiety response to 2 ounces of nuts or dairy was assessed in 18 overweight/obese women during late pregnancy. Serum glucose, triglycerides, insulin, c-peptide, leptin, ghrelin, and lipoprotein particles were measured prior to and during a 5-h postprandial period following the consumption of an isocaloric breakfast meal with equivalent amounts of fat from either nuts or dairy on two separate mornings. Satiety was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) questionnaires and ad libitum food intake at the end of the study. At 33 weeks gestation, the women …

Perry Fulton, Perry Fulton, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

Perry Fulton of Alabama worked for nearly forty years in multiple areas of child nutrition programs. He spent more than a decade at the district level before moving to the state, where he specialized in troubleshooting financial issues and getting districts back on track. He was also instrumental is creating a statewide purchasing program for the State of Alabama nutrition programs.

Patricia Mouser, Patricia Mouser, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

Patricia Mouser is a retired Child Nutrition Services Director with 36 years of school nutrition service. She began her career in child nutrition working in the Texas Tech University food service, followed by work in the San Antonio schools and then 27 years as the Director of Child Nutrition Services for the Midland Independent School District in west Texas. Patricia received her bachelor’s degree in Foods and Nutrition from Texas Tech University and she continues to be active with the Academy for Nutrition and Dietetics as well as the School Nutrition Association, having served on local, state, and national boards …

Combined Effects Of Calcium Ascorbate Treatment And Modified Atmosphere Packaging To Improve Quality Retention Of Fresh-Cut Cantaloupes, Joongmin Shin, Kevin Mis Solval, Bob Xiang, Youn Suk Lee

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

The impact of passive modified atmosphere packaging technique (MP) and calcium ascorbate (CA) on the extension of freshness and shelf life in fresh-cut cantaloupe was studied at two storage temperatures (4 and 10°C). Fresh cantaloupes were cut into uniform size cubes (25.4 mm x 25.4mm x 25.4mm). Then, half of the fresh cut cubes was dipped into the treatment solution, and the others were not. Clamshell tray with snap-on lid (control) and micro-perforated sealable lid (MP) was used as the fresh cut fruits packaging. Fresh cut cantaloupes in CA and MP combination (CA-MP) observed the highest quality preservation among the …

Global Sustainability That Respects Cultural Diversity & Individual Health Needs, Meriterese Racanelli

Sustainability Seminar Series

The USA Centers for Disease Control and National Institutes of Health have classified excessive sodium consumption, high blood pressure and diabetes as national health epidemics across various ethnic cultures. The United Nations and other countries classify these as Global Epidemics. Interestingly,some ways to help fix this national and global health crisis can be found in the balance of sustainable environmentally-friendly agriculture, green technologies, and cultural competencies. Learn how sustainability studies, research, and jobs can still respect an individual’s ethnic heritage, culture, and nutritional health needs, while improving the community health at large... from local to global. Sustainability can help us …

Optimizing Gastrointestinal Integrity In Poultry: The Role Of Nutrients And Feed Additives, Sunday A. Adedokun, Opeyemi C. Olojede

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Immunomodulation of the immune system by stimulating or suppressing one or both arms, is an emerging concept driven by the understanding of the host defense system. In particular, the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) functions not only as a site for digestion and absorption of nutrients but also acts as a metabolic and immunological organ. This serves as a barrier against abnormal presentation of luminal constituents, caused by dysfunctional intestinal epithelial barrier, to the mucosal immune system. Invasion by pathogens in the case of disease or stress or a massive influx of commensal bacteria overcomes the defensive mechanisms, resulting in the full …

Effects Of Red Raspberry Polyphenols And Metabolites On Biomarkers Of Inflammation And Insulin Resistance In Prediabetes And Type 2 Diabetes, Reynaldo Moreno Ucles

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Berry fruits are rich sources of polyphenolic compounds (PCs), which can promote health benefits. Anthocyanin concentrations of red raspberry (RR)(Rubus idaeus) extracts were determined to be a total of 887.6 ± 262.8 μg/g cyanidin-3-sophoroside (C3S) equivalents with C3S being the most prevalent. Ellagitannin analysis by MALDI-TOF indicated sanguiin H-6 and lambertianin C were the major ellagitannins present in RR. To explore the efficacy of RR in modulating diabetes, seven type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and two pre-diabetic patients were given drinks delivering one RR serving (123 g) per day in a smoothie for two weeks. Blood samples were …

Study On Correlation Between Content Of Protein, Fat, Starch And Hedonic Score Of Ham Sausage And Measurement Based On Microphotography, Zhu Lintao, Wu Wenbiao

Food and Machinery

By using the ham sausages currently sold in Chinese market as studying materials, upright light microscope and photography system were employed in treating the stained slices of ham sausages. Photographs observable by naked eyes were obtained and the pixels occupied by the stained area of proteins, fats and starches were measured respectively while their percentages accounted for the pixels of total observed area were subsequently calculated. Results analysis indicated that the percentage of the pixels which were occupied by the stained area of proteins, fats or starches accounted for the pixels of total observed area was positively correlated with their …

Comparative Analysis Of Volatile Component Of South Stinky Tofu Brine By Spme-Gc-Ms Combined With Chemometrics, Tang Hui, Jiang Liwen, Xie Jing, Li Pao, He Jing, Chen Xiaoyi, Tan Jinping

Food and Machinery

Detected the volatile component by using head space-solid phase micro-extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPME-GC-MS) combined with chemometrics methods of Shannon Entropy, correlation coefficient, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) etc. for evaluating, distinguishing and looking for the common flavor between five south stinky tofu brines in China. Results showed that a total of 161 flavor components were detected, with 76, 37, 29, 74 and 35 of them being present in the stinky tofu brine of STB1, STB2, STB3, STB4 and STB5, respectively. The main flavor compounds in five south stinky tofu brines were acids, phenolics and heterocyclics, such as acetic acid, propionic acid, …

Effect Of Extraction Technology Of Camellia Oil On Its Active Ingredients And The Related Antibacterial Effect, Zhang Meina

Food and Machinery

In order to study the content of non-fat active components and the antibacterial effect of oil-tea camellia oil. The changes of vitamin E, polyphenols, Camellia saponins phytosterols and flavone content in Camellia oil and the effect of its bacteriostasis from 5 different processing technologies, cold pressing, hot pressing, leaching, supercritical CO₂ extraction and water enzyme method were studied.. The content of vitamin E and Camellia saponin extracted by cold pressing technology was the highest, reaching 786.3 mg/kg and 3 789.0 mg/kg respectively; The phytosterol content of hot pressed oil was the highest, reaching 3 962 mg/kg; The content of …

Advances On Application Of Predictive Microbiology In Shelf Life Of Aquatic Products, Shen Yong, Mei Jun, Xie Jing

Food and Machinery

Aquatic products is easily deteriorated，and microorganism is the main factor that leads to the deterioration. Predictive microbiology can predict the growth of spoilage organisms in aquatic products by building mathematical models, which help us predict the shelf-life of aquatic products. This paper briefly describes the meaning of predictive microbiology primary model, secondary model and tertiary model, enumerates the applications of predictive microbiology in shelf-life, and discuss the problems of predictive microbiology in the shelf-life prediction, and its application prospect is also proposed.

Application Of Spectroscopy In Dairy And Dairy Products, Ju Ning, Hu Jie

Food and Machinery

This paper reviewed the applications of the spectral technologies, including the adulteration detection, nutrients detection，antibiotics detection, microbial contamination detection and product types identification in dairy and dairy products. Using Near-infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Hyperspectral imaging technique, the important applications and research advances of the quality detection and safety assessments in dairy and dairy products have been also reviewed. It was pointed out that the joint application of various technologies is the trend of future research.

Studies On Physicochemical And Structural Properties Of Rice Glutelin At Different Ph Values, Li Shuang, Liu Yongle, Yu Jian, Wang Faxiang, Wang Jianhui, Li Xianghong

Food and Machinery

Among cereal proteins, rice proteins are hypoallergenic, rich in essential amino acids and easily digestible etc. While their lower solubilities under neutral conditions limit their applications in food industry. In present study, the physicochemical and structural properties of rice glutelin at different pH values (pH 3.0, 4.0 and 7.0) were characterized to explore the optimum pH value to dissolve rice protein and expand its application range. The results showed that, compared to the neutral condition, the solubility and structural properties of rice glutelin were changed significantly under the acidic conditions. The protein solubility was only (6.24±1.25)% at pH 7.0, for …

Amino Acid Composition Analysis And Nutritional Value Evaluation Of 17 Walnut Kernels In Yunnan, Li Rui, Lu Bin, Liu Yun, Kan Huan, Hao Jiabo, Mao Yunling

Food and Machinery

Detected the protein content and amino acid content of walnut kernels collected from 17 producing areas in Yunnan, and the amino acid model and nutritional value were comprehensively investigated by amino acid classification, amino acid ratio coefficient method and cluster analysis method. The conclusion indicated that the walnuts derived from each of the various regions were all rich in 17 amino acids (tryptophan was not detected), and the total amount of amino acids was 3.35% to 5.14%, the essential amino acid content was 1.13% to 1.76%, the medicinal amino acid content was 67.47% to 68.63% of the total amino acids, …

Reliable Screening Of Rutin In Healthcare Products By Hptlc-Dpph Assay, Wang Tiannan, Zhang Huang, Chen Yisheng, Xu Xueming, Huang Caihong

Food and Machinery

The study combines the reaction of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) with reduce discoloration and high-performance thin layer chromatography to establish a new method for the determination of rutin in healthcare products by HPTLC-DPPH. The effects of DPPH color reaction time, mobile phase, and optical density scanning parameters on chromatographic separation and densitometric results are investigated as well as recovery and precision of the method. The standard addition recovery rate of the method is 82%~97%, and the precision RSD is <10%. It was demonstrated that the method is able to circumvent the interferences from sample matrices with a simplified sample pretreatment. Therefore, the method is suitable for rapid detection of rutin in healthcare products.

Flow Field Analysis On Ultra-Fine Pulping Andpulverizing Cutter Head By Fluent, Zhang Xiong, Dai Ning, Zhu Haiqing, Zhang Yuzhong

Food and Machinery

Two kinds of tooth type pulverizing cutter heads are designed based on the principle of superfine pulverization technology, and two kinds of pulverizing knives are analyzed using Fluent simulation software at the speeds of 6 000 r/min, 9 000 r/min and 12 000 r/min. The variation of pressure and speed inside the head was studied. Then the pulverization effect of the two cutter heads was verified by the material pulverization experiment. At the same time, the energy consumption of the two cutter heads was compared and analyzed. Results: The central structure was a four-blade blade tooth-crushing cutter head. The time …

Effects Of Spray Drying And Vacuum Freeze-Drying On The Quality Of Walnut Meal And Jujube Compound Powder, Fu Luying, Yuan Shuangjin, Chen Hao, Zhang Runguang, Zhang Youlin

Food and Machinery

The compound powder of walnut meal and jujube was prepared by spray drying and vacuum freezing drying with walnut meal and jujube as raw materials. Investigated the powder yield, moisture content, protein content, bulk density, fluidity, solubility, color difference value, microstructure, simulated digestion of protein in vitro and thermal stability. The results showed that the powder yield of vacuum freeze-drying was significantly higher than that of spray drying, but the time was longer, the moisture content and bulk density were higher than spray drying, and the rest angle was lower than spray drying. It shows that vacuum freeze-drying of compound …

Sources And Biological Functions Of Citrus Polymethoxy Flavones, Zhang Mengling, Li Qili, Li Gaoyang, Fu Fuhua, Xiao Yecheng, Shan Yang, Yu Huanling

Food and Machinery

This study reviewed the sources and biological functions of polymethoxy flavones, and discussed the existing problems in the current research.

Effect Of Hot Water Treatment Of In-Shell Pecans On Physicochemical Properties And Consumer Acceptability Of Roasted Pecan Kernels, Karuna Kharel, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Veerachandra K. Yemmireddy, Charles J. Graham, Achyut Adhikari

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The effect of hot water pre-treatment of in-shell pecans on physicochemical properties, consumer acceptance and purchase intent of dehulled and roasted kernels was evaluated. In-shell pecans were first subjected to hot water at 70, 80 and 90 °C for 8.6, 6.6 and 4.6 min respectively and kernels were later dry roasted at 160 °C for 10 min. The physicochemical properties of hot water treated and untreated nuts, before and after roasting were determined. Furthermore, consumer acceptance and purchase intent of the roasted kernels were determined. Hot water treatment, alone and subsequent roasting had minimal effect on pecans’ physicochemical properties. Consumers …

Attachment Strength And On-Farm Die-Off Rate Of Escherichia Coli On Watermelon Surfaces, Vijay Singh Chhetri, Kathryn Fontenot, Ronald Strahan, Veerachandra K. Yemmireddy, Cameron Cason, Karuna Kharel, Achyut Adhikari

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Pre-harvest contamination of produce has been a major food safety focus. Insight into the behavior of enteric pathogens on produce in pre-harvest conditions will aid in developing pre-harvest and post-harvest risk management strategies. In this study, the attachment strength (SR) and die-off rate of E. coli on the surface of watermelon fruits and the efficacy of aqueous chlorine treatment against strongly attached E. coli population were investigated. Watermelon seedlings were transplanted into eighteen plots. Prior to harvesting, a cocktail of generic E. coli (ATCC 23716, 25922 and 11775) was inoculated on the surface of the watermelon fruits …

Climatic Trends Of West Virginia: A Representative Appalachian Microcosm, Evan Kutta, Jason Hubbart

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

During the late 19th and very early 20th centuries widespread deforestation occurred across the Appalachian region, USA. However, since the early 20th century, land cover rapidly changed from predominantly agricultural land use (72%; 1909) to forest. West Virginia (WV) is now the USA’s third most forested state by area (79%; 1989–present). It is well understood that land cover alterations feedback on climate with important implications for ecology, water resources, and watershed management. However, the spatiotemporal distribution of climatic changes during reforestation in WV remains unclear. To fill this knowledge gap, daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and precipitation data were acquired …

Fat Uptake Reduction In Deep-Fried Chicken Breast, Lovie G. Matthews

Theses

Obesity is the deposit of excessive adipose tissue on the body due to the overconsumption of nutritionally inadequate foods. The fat in the deep-fat fried chicken is derived from the oil absorption during frying. High consumption of deep-fat fried foods may lead to cardiovascular diseases and obesity. The main objectives of this experiment were to reduce the fat uptake in deep-fat fried chicken breast by developing an edible coating made of chicken breast protein isolates (CPI) as well as replace the corn starch in batter with sweet potato starch to further examine the quality attributes of the battering systems. In …

Jackrabbit Dairy And Food Review, Vikram V. Mistry

The Jackrabbit Dairy & Food Review

This is the Winter 2017- 2018 Jackrabbit Dairy and Food Review. It contains the following articles and information: Message from the Department Head, 2017 Graduates, David A. Thompson Endowment, New Faculty and Visitors, information on the Dairy Club and Food Science Club, Judging Activities, Student Accomplishments, Professional Activities of Faculty and Staff, Distinguished Alumni, Dairy Facilities, a list of Scholarships and Dairy and Food Science Students, information on Departmental Outreach and Research Highlights.

Biological Variation, Imsa Fusion

An Epidemiological Approach to Addressing Food Insecurity

Objectives:

• Identify different phenotypes of corn (maize) kernels.
• Use ratios and sampling to determine which of two different ears of corn is most likely to have produced a given sample of kernels.
• Use Punnett Squares to determine the genotypes of the “parents” that produced the different kernel samples.
• Compare and contrast traditional selective breeding techniques with genetically engineering a desired trait in corn.
• Model the regulation of gene expression in a hypothetical cell.
• Discuss the potential role that epigentic variation may play in improving corn crops of the future.

Food For Thought, Beenish M. Chaudhry

School of Computing and Informatics

Healthy eating is essential to avoid many health problems, but identifying health-promoting foods and behaviors is difficult for most individuals. Fooducate is a diet tracking app that comes with a variety of tools, features and support mechanisms that claim to simplify the task of eating healthy. Based on our analysis of the user reviews, we identified five benefits that Fooducate users have reported experiencing in relation to achieving good health: improved food choices, increased awareness, weight loss personalized care and “ever-present” human support. Fooducate can align itself more closely with users’ goal of achieving healthy lifestyle by expanding its database, …