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Evaluation Of Nitrite Concentration In Edible Bird’S Nest (White, Yellow, Orange, And Red Blood), Siti Gusti Ningrum, Bagus Uda Palgunad, Rochiman Sasmita

Makara Journal of Science

The color of edible bird’s nest is associated with its nitrite concentration, but this relationship remains inconclusive. This investigation aimed to evaluate the nitrite content in edible bird’s nest of four different colors: white, yellow, orange, and red blood. Fifty-eight edible bird’s nest samples were obtained from five swiftlet farmhouses in Borneo Island, Indonesia and analyzed for nitrite content using Genesys 30 visible spectrophotometer. Results showed that the dark-colored edible bird’s nests (yellow, orange, and red blood) had higher nitrite concentrations of 304, 317, and 309 ppm, respectively, compared with the white-colored one (15 ppm). Therefore, the color of edible …

Physicochemical And Pasting Properties Of Flour And Starch From Two New Cassava Accessions, Raphael Aidoo, Ibok Nsa Oduro, Jacob K. Agbenorhevi, William Otoo Ellis, Nana Baah Pepra-Ameyaw

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Some new cassava accessions have been developed and released because of their high yield, resistance to disease, adaptability to wider ecological environment, and less cost of production. However, their flour and starch properties have not been characterized for potential food applications. In the present study, starch and flour were produced from two new cassava accessions (Sika Bankye and Bankye Hemaa) and evaluated for their physicochemical and pasting properties. The flour samples recorded higher values for the various functional parameters compared to their starch counterparts. Both flour samples had a similar water absorption capacity (WAC) of ~263% but the associated …

A Review On Empirical Approach To Therapeutic Recombinant Protein Production Factories: Applications, Pharmacokinetics And Challenges, Zahra Naz, Ambreen Kanwal, Asima Tayyeb

Journal of Bioresource Management

Major portion of the proteins in a cell refers to their critical roles in metabolism of the living body. Proteins dysfunction results in the severe disorders which need to be treated in time. For this, respective proteins can be extracted by the external sources and be supplied to the human beings. Such medicinal proteins are known as therapeutic proteins (TPs). This review summarizes some of the key areas about these miracle proteins like their types, classification, production factories, routes of administration, pharmacokinetics, and potential applications. Furthermore, challenges and hurdles faced in getting a potential protein drug, its FDA approval and …

Tackling Protein-Calorie Malnutrition During World Crises, Zahra Ali Padhani, Jai K. Das, Saeed Akhtar, Tariq Ismail, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Undernutrition is still highly prevalent in developing countries and leads to a multitude of problems as it weakens the immune system, which leads to increased risk of infections and diet-related diseases. COVID-19 has worsened the existing situation and has resulted in unprecedented health, social, and economic disruptions across the world. Before COVID-19, about 54% children under 5 years were moderately or seriously malnourished, and after the COVID-19 pandemic, early estimates suggest that an additional 2.6 million children were stunted; 9.3 million were wasted, with an addition of 2.1 million maternal anemia cases; 168,000 child deaths; and USD 29.7 billion in …

The Antihyperlipidemic Equivalent Combinatorial Components From Peel Of Citrus Reticulata ‘Chachi’, Ping-Ting Xiao, Yu-Jia Kuang, Shi-Yu Liu, Zhi-Shen Xie, Jin-Hua Hao, E-Hu Liu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Since the combinatorial components responsible for the antihyperlipidemic activity of Citrus reticulata‘Chachi’ (CRC) peels remains unclear, we herein developed a bioactive equivalence oriented feedback screening method to discover the bioactive equivalent combinatorial components (BECCs) from CRC peels. Using palmitic acid (PA)- stimulated hepatocyte model, a combination of five polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) including tangeretin, sinensetin, nobiletin, 5,7,8,4′-tetramethoxyflavone and 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone was identified to be responsible for the antihyperlipidemic effect of CRC peels. Via evaluation of combination effect by combination index (CI), these 5 PMFs were found to take effect via a synergistic mode. Our data indicated that the antihyperlipidemic mechanism of PMF …

Ulva Prolifera Polysaccharide Exerts Anti-Obesity Effects Via Upregulation Of Adiponectin Expression And Gut Microbiota Modulation In High-Fat Diet-Fed C57bl/6 Mice, Hai-Ching Pung, Wei-Sheng Lin, Yi-Chen Lo, Cheng-Chih Hsu, Chi-Tang Ho, Min-Hsiung Pan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Obesity is characterized by metabolic disorder and accompanying an altered and less diverse gut microbiota composition during a fat-enriched diet. Recent studies indicated that sulphated polysaccharide prevents high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity, reduces metabolic disorder, and restores the gut microbiota. However, there are few studies about Ulva prolifera polysaccharide (UPP) may induce anti-obesogenic effects. Therefore, the present study investigates the enzymatic extracted UPP effects in HFD-fed mice. The results showed that UPP considerably slowed down the HFD-induced weight gain and improved metabolic disorders in HFD-fed mice. Notably, the effects were associated with lower body weight gain, reduced adipose tissue hypertrophy, …

Stable Carbon Isotopic Characterization Of Rice Vinegar Protein As An Intrinsic Reference For Discriminating The Authenticity Of Brewed Rice Vinegar, Chun-Jen Fang, Hsin-Cheng You, Zih-Ling Huang, Che-Lun Hsu, Chia-Fen Tsai, Ya-Tze Lin, Ya-Min Kao, Su-Hsiang Tseng, Der-Yuan Wang, Nan-Wei Su

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Rice vinegar plays an important role in daily life. However, some unscrupulous manufacturers may deliberately add synthetic acetic acid in vinegar products to reduce fermentation time and save production costs. To protect the rights and health of consumers, vinegar authenticity must be controlled. The rice vinegar protein was used as an intrinsic reference and its stable carbon isotope ratio (δ¹³C_protein) was analyzed by elemental analyzer-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The stable carbon isotope ratio difference between the acetic acid and the rice vinegar protein (Δδ¹³C_{acetic acid-protein}) was calculated to evaluate vinegar authenticity. Sixteen …

The Next Generation Beneficial Actions Of Novel Probiotics As Potential Therapeutic Targets And Prediction Tool For Metabolic Diseases, Hsin-Lin Cheng, Gow-Chin Yen, Shih-Chien Huang, Shiuan-Chih Chen, Chin-Lin Hsu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The prevalence of metabolic disease has rising and affected over 1,000 million populations globally. Since the metabolic disease and its related complication are board, it has become the major health hazard of modern world. However, Long term medication of metabolic disease may cause serious side effects and risk for adverse health problems. Recently, emerging studies focus on exploring the mechanistic details of metabolic state in disease development and progression. Gut bacteria ecosystem was considered to play a pivotal role in regulating energy homeostasis and great associated with the development of metabolic disease. Accumulated evidences indicated that Akkermansia muciniphila, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, …

Influence Of Fertilizer Rate On Swollen Stem Formation (“Bulbing”) And Vitamin C Content In Different Kohlrabi Cultivars, Mark Iradukunda, Paul E. Read

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea Gongylodes Group) is a vegetable crop found in the Brassicaceae, and it is rich in antioxidants such as vitamin C. Vitamin C helps in oxidative damage repair and strengthens the immune system, so exploring vitamin C sources may contribute to improving human health. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different fertilizer rates on kohlrabi yield, in terms of the swollen stem and the vitamin C content, and if those effects are similar in different kohlrabi cultivars. In this greenhouse study, we fertilized four potted kohlrabi cultivars with a common water-soluble greenhouse fertilizer …

Evaluation Of A Hands-On Cooking Class And Its Effects On Self-Efficacy In Relation To Healthy Eating In Type 2 Diabetics, Codi A. Jenshak-Gorzinski

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Projects

The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes is alarming and poses a great threat to U.S. national health. Chronic diabetes can lead to serious conditions such as heart attack and stroke, and can result in premature mortality (World Health Organization, 2018). Diabetes can be prevented or treated by eating a healthy diet. Cooking classes are a potential way to improve American’s knowledge of nutritional principles and help them become confident that they have the capacity to eat a healthy diet. The purpose of this DNP project was to determine if participation in cooking classes enhanced self-efficacy as it pertains to healthy …

Fungi: Friend Or Foe? A Mycobiome Evaluation In Children With Autism And Gastrointestinal Symptoms, Jane Alookaran, Yuying Liu, Thomas Auchtung, Amirali Tahanan, Manouchehr Hessabi, Parisa Asgarisabet, Mohammad H. Rahbar, Nicole Y. Fatheree, Deborah A. Pearson, Rosleen Mansour, Melissa R. Van Arsdall, Fernando Navarro, J. Marc Rhoads

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms often affect children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and GI symptoms have been associated with an abnormal fecal microbiome. There is limited evidence of Candida species being more prevalent in children with ASD. We enrolled 20 children with ASD and GI symptoms (ASD + GI), 10 children with ASD but no GI symptoms (ASD - GI), and 20 from typically developing (TD) children in this pilot study. Fecal mycobiome taxa were analyzed by Internal Transcribed Spacer sequencing. GI symptoms (GI Severity Index [GSI]), behavioral symptoms (Social Responsiveness Scale -2 [SRS-2]), inflammation and fungal immunity (fecal calprotectin and …

Lytic Bacteriophages And Lactic Acid As Processing Aids Against Salmonella Spp. And Escherichia Coli O157:H7 On Marinated And Tenderized Pork Loins, Sherita Li

Master's Theses

Within the last decade, pork consumption has steadily increased and continues to be the most consumed meat globally. However, pathogenic bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics have also been increasingly found in pig farms, animals, and the environment. Bacterial food poisoning cases due to Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 appear to be linked with a variety of pork products. The meat industry has recognized that research is needed to combat the multi-drug resistance in foodborne pathogens with alternative methods of control. This study evaluated the effects of both E. coli- and Salmonella-specific lytic bacteriophages and …

Body Condition Score Change Throughout Lactation Utilizing An Automated Bcs System: A Descriptive Study, Carissa M. Truman, Magnus R. Campler, Joao H. C. Costa

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Body condition scoring (BCS) is a traditional visual technique often using a five-point scale to non-invasively assess fat reserves in cattle. However, recent studies have highlighted the potential in automating body condition scoring using imaging technology. Therefore, the objective was to implement a commercially available automated body condition scoring (ABCS) camera system to collect data for developing a predictive equation of body condition dynamics throughout the lactation period. Holstein cows (n = 2343, parity = 2.1 ± 1.1, calving BCS = 3.42 ± 0.24), up to 300 days in milk (DIM), were scored daily using two ABCS cameras mounted …

Challenges In Gluten Analysis: A Comparison Of Four Commercial Sandwich Elisa Kits, Plaimein Amnuaycheewa, Lynn Niemann, Richard E. Goodman, Joseph L. Baumert, Steve L. Taylor

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Gluten is composed of prolamin and glutelin proteins from several related grains. Because these proteins are not present in identical ratios in the various grains and because they have some differences in sequence, the ability to accurately quantify the overall amount of gluten in various food matrices to support gluten-free labeling is difficult. Four sandwich ELISAs (the R-Biopharm AG R5 RIDASCREEN®, the Neogen Veratox® R5, the Romer Labs AgraQuant® G12, and the Morinaga Wheat kits) were evaluated for their performance to quantify gluten concentrations in various foods and ingredients. The Morinaga and AgraQuant® G12 tests yielded results comparable to the …

The Online Ordering Behaviors Among Participants In The Oklahoma Women, Infants, And Children Program: A Cross-Sectional Analysis, Qi Zhang, Kayoung Park, Junzhou Zhang, Chuanyi Tang

Department of Marketing Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) is a nutrition assistance program in the United States (U.S.). Participants in the program redeem their prescribed food benefits in WIC-authorized grocery stores. Online ordering is an innovative method being pilot-tested in some stores to facilitate WIC participants’ food benefit redemption, which has become especially important in the COVID-19 pandemic. The present research aimed to examine the online ordering (OO) behaviors among 726 WIC households who adopted WIC OO in a grocery chain, XYZ (anonymous) store, in Oklahoma (OK). These households represented approximately 5% of WIC households who redeemed …

Effect Of Very High Frequency Microwave Light On Bread Properties, Dilrabo Tuychieva, Gulnoza Djakhangirova, Yodgorbek Ismoiljonov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The purpose of the research was to study the effect of microwave on the baking properties of flour obtained from disinfected wheat grain. Trial laboratory baking from grain decontaminated by microwave was carried out. The main physical and chemical indicators of the quality of bakery products are humidity; acidity and porosity. As the object of the study, we used shaped and hearth bread from flour of the 1st grade, made from grain disinfected by microwave. The most acceptable parameters of neutralization were identified, in particular, the duration of exposure to microwave and the amount of power at which the studied …

The Nexus Of Gut Microbiota, Diet, And Health, Sajal Bhattarai, Srinivas Janaswamy

Dairy Science and Food Science Faculty Publications: 2022 to Present

The gut microbiome incorporates the ecological niche specific to the totality of the microorganisms in the human gut. Unique to every individual, the blueprint of the microbiome sets up at birth and functions as a human organ and plays a significant role in digestion, detoxification, fighting pathogens, modulating the immune system, and improving health. The gut microbiota and associated health implications are influenced by factors such as birth and age, diseases, use of antibiotics and food components (e.g., complex carbohydrates and dietary fibers, plant proteins, unsaturated fatty acids, and functional compounds of natural origin such as flavones, flavonoids, polyphenols, and …

Donna Martin - Covid 19 Oral History Project, Donna Martin, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

During 2022 the Child Nutrition Archives conducted multiple interviews investigating how child nutrition professionals dealt with the Covid 19 pandemic and its effects on the operations of school feeding programs. This interview examines the experience of Donna Martin, nutrition director for Burke County (Georgia) Public Schools.

Chris Burkhardt – Covid 19 Oral History Project, Chris Burkhardt, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

During 2022 the Child Nutrition Archives conducted multiple interviews investigating how child nutrition professionals dealt with the Covid 19 pandemic and its effects on the operations of school feeding programs. This interview examines the experiences of Chris Burkhardt, who is the executive director of school nutrition for the Cleveland (Ohio) Metropolitan School District.

Annette Derouin – Covid 19 Oral History Project, Annette Derouin, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

During 2022 the Child Nutrition Archives conducted multiple interviews investigating how child nutrition professionals dealt with the Covid 19 pandemic and its effects on the operations of school feeding programs. This interview examines the experiences of Annette Hendrickx Derouin, who is the Director of Food and Nutrition Services for Willmar, New London-Spicer, Montevideo and Community Christian Schools in Minnesota. These four districts offer the Child Nutrition Programs to the fullest extent possible. Annette has worked in School Nutrition for over 25 years. She is a Registered Dietitian and has her Master’s Degree in Health and Nutrition Administration. She holds the …

Effects Of Antimicrobial Addition On Lipid Oxidation Of Rendered Chicken Fat, Janak Dhakal, Dalton Holt, Charles G. Aldrich, Carl Knueven

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

This study evaluated the effects of antimicrobial acidulant addition on lipid oxidation of rendered chicken fat. Chicken fat was untreated (control) or treated with either sodium bisulfate (SBS) or lactic acid (LA) at 0.5% w/w and incubated for 6 wk at 40 °C. Peroxide value (PV), p-anisidine value (AV), and free fatty acid (FFA) levels were measured at days 0 (D0), 1(D1), 3 (D3), 5 (D5), and 7 (D7), and weeks 2 (W2), 3 (W3), 4 (W4), 5 (W5), and 6 (W6). The FFA level of untreated-control fat was ~7% and remained consistent throughout the incubation until W6 (~8.5%; P …

Gay Anderson – Covid 19 Oral History Project, Gay Anderson, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

During 2022 the Child Nutrition Archives conducted multiple interviews investigating how child nutrition professionals dealt with the Covid 19 pandemic and its effects on the operations of school feeding programs. This interview examines the experiences of Gay Anderson, School Nutrition Director in the Sioux Falls School District in South Dakota. Gay has almost 40 years of experience in food service.

Lonnie Burt - Covid 19 Oral History Project, Lonnie Burt, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

During 2022 the Child Nutrition Archives conducted multiple interviews investigating how child nutrition professionals dealt with the Covid 19 pandemic and its effects on the operations of school feeding programs. This interview examines the experiences of Lonnie Burt, who is presently employed as the Senior Food & Child Nutrition Services Director for the Hartford Public Schools where she oversees the school meal program, including Breakfast, Lunch, Afterschool Snacks, At-Risk Supper, Summer Feeding and the Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program Grant. She has worked in Child Nutrition for the past 33 years and has been in Hartford since 2004. Lonnie also …

Potential Effectiveness Of Registered Dietitian Nutritionists In Healthy Behavior Interventions For Managing Type 2 Diabetes In Older Adults: A Systematic Review, Laurel Dobrow, Isabella Estrada, Nasira Burkholder-Cooley, John Miklavcic

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Purpose: A systematic review was conducted to assess how the involvement of a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) in healthy behavior interventions (HBIs) potentially affects outcomes in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Literature was searched for primary research published between 2016 and 2020 on HBI involving a RDN affecting outcomes in older adults with T2D. Evaluations of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood glucose, blood pressure, cholesterol, anthropometry, body composition, medication usage, healthcare cost, and self-efficacy and/or adherence to healthy behaviors outcomes were selected for inclusion. All the literature included were summarized, evaluated for certainty of evidence criteria, and assessed …

Cultural Sensitivity: A Requirement When Developing Food Safety Interventions, Lillian Nabwiire, Angela M. Shaw, Gail R. Nonnecke, David D. Minner, Ellen Johnsen, Louis E. Petersen Jr

Journal of Extension

Extension materials that are sensitive to changing demographics and culture increase relevance and compliance with food safety practices. Produce safety extension materials were developed for U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI) produce growers to help with compliance with a new food safety rule. We developed employee training materials based on a needs assessment and behavioral change was evaluated six months after dissemination. The original materials were not seen as culturally appropriate but after modifications, improvements in food safety practices and behavior changes were observed. These results suggest that extension educators should seek feedback from target populations about potential interventions before implementation.

Melissa Campbell And John Dupre - Covid 19 Oral History Project, Melissa Campbell, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

During 2022 the Child Nutrition Archives conducted multiple interviews investigating how child nutrition professionals dealt with the Covid 19 pandemic and its effects on the operations of school feeding programs. This interview examines the response of the Louisiana Department of Education Child Nutrition Programs.

Sebasthian Varas – Covid 19 Oral History Project, Sebasthian Varas, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

Since 2009, Sebasthian Varas has worked for Canyons School District in Utah as the director for Nutrition Services. He is responsible for providing leadership and direction in matters pertaining to child nutrition programs for 33,000 students. He manages 43 schools and 275 employees.

Becky Landes - Covid 19 Oral History Project, Becky Landes, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

During 2022 the Child Nutrition Archives conducted multiple interviews investigating how child nutrition professionals dealt with the Covid 19 pandemic and its effects on the operations of school feeding programs. This interview examines the experiences of Becky Landes, who is a current Food Service Director for Manchester Community Schools in Indiana. For over 20 years, Becky has been in Child Nutrition. She holds a Level 4 Certificate from the School Nutrition Association and is pursuing a Bachelor’s degree in Business Administration and Management. Becky is involved in Farm to School in Indiana. She has collaborated with the Indiana Department of …

Shelly Mohr - Covid 19 Oral History Project, Shelly Mohr, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

During 2022 the Child Nutrition Archives conducted multiple interviews investigating how child nutrition professionals dealt with the Covid 19 pandemic and its effects on the operations of school feeding programs. This interview examines the experiences of Shelly Mohr. Mohr is in her 23rd year as a Food Service Director in a K-12 School District.

Effects Of Thickness Fraction Process On Physicochemical Properties, Cooking Qualities, And Sensory Characteristics Of Long-Grain Rice Samples, Sara E. Jarma Arroyo, Terry J. Siebenmorgen, Han-Seok Seo

Food Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

A process of removing thinner kernels of rough rice, i.e., thickness fraction process, has been suggested as a method for increasing milling yields in the rice industry. This study aimed at determining whether physicochemical properties, cooking qualities, and sensory characteristics of rice samples could be changed by the addition of a thickness fraction into the rice process stream. Each of four long-grain rice cultivar lots was assigned into two groups: unfractionated and thickness-fractionated. For the thickness-fractionated group, thin rice kernels (