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The Certified Strains Of Subterranean Clover : Their Origin, Potential Use And Identification, B J. Quinlivan, C. M. Francis, M. L. Poole

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

SUBTERRANEAN CLOVER originated in the countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea and in parts of Western Europe.

Therefore it is not surprising that it grows well in the agricultural districts of Western Australia, for these regions have a typically Mediterranean climate with cool wet winters and hot dry summers.

Economic Analysis Of Flood Detention Storage By Digital Computer, James Ray Villines, L. Douglas James

KWRRI Research Reports

The objective of this study was to develop a digital computer procedure for preliminary analysis of the economic justification of reservoir detention storage for flood control and to present a sample study illustrating its application. A computer program called the University of Kentucky Flood Control Planning Program III was developed and tested on the flood plain of the South Fork of the Licking River in northeastern Kentucky.

Given a specified reservoir site and a downstream flood plain divided into planning units, Program III selects the economically efficient combination of reservoir detention storage and the associated combination of channel improvement, flood …

Wheat In Development Programmes For New Esperance Farmers, R J. Doyle, G. D. Oliver

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

IN the December, 1967, issue of the Journal of Agriculture, we reported on five development budgets for the Esperance region.

The aim of the exercise was to find out if a new settler concentrating on sheep, with $20,000 available for development after acquisition of land, could make a reasonable living for himself and his family while developing his farm.

West Midlands Development : Erosion Prevention And Control, G W. Spencer

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE prevention of soil erosion is essentially a matter of using each soil according to its potential, and treating it according to its needs.

Good land use and sound management practices are the best preventive measures.

West Midlands Development : Development Techniques, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Most clearing in the West Midlands is carried out by chaining, though the method chosen will depend on the country being cleared and on the resources of the farmer.

West Midlands Development : Water Supplies In The West Midlands, I A F Laing

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

IF it is practical and economic to develop both surface and underground supplies, the aim on each farm should be to provide half the farm water requirement from dams, and the other half from bores.

The Ord River Regeneration Project. 2. Dealing With The Problem, K Fitzgerald

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE PROGRAMME of protective and remedial work being undertaken in the Ord River catchment area had as its major objective the re-establishment of perennial vegetation, as a means of controlling erosion and reducing the silt load of the rivers. It is now in its seventh year of operation.

Entering The Egg Industry With Laying Cages, W Ward

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

DEPARTMENT of Agriculture Bulletin 3579, "Entering the Egg Industry with Laying Cages", by W. Ward, examines various aspects of the cage system of housing laying hens.

This system is by far the most popular method of housing layers, with 90 per cent, of new farms using cages and many daep litter farms now converting to cages.

Space Requirements For Pullets And Layers On Litter, A H. Lean

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

UNEVEN growth, cannibalism, weakened resistance to disease, unsanitary conditions and poor production commonly arise from failure to provide sufficient floor, feed and watering space for pullets and layers.

The Ord River Regeneration Project. 3. Eight Years Of Progress, K Fitzgerald

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

REGENERATION of degraded areas in regions of marginal rainfall is a slow process under the best of conditions, but on the Ord River Catchment, where much top-soil had been removed, the problem was unusually severe.

In many areas top-soil will have to be rebuilt before vegetation can be re-established.

This will be a long, slow process and regeneration will proceed through gradual plant succession from the "pioneer" annual species through to the permanent and more productive perennial species needed for a stable catchment area.

Planning Flood Control Measures By Digital Computer, James Norris Cline, L. Douglas James

KWRRI Research Reports

The purpose of this study was to develop adequate guidelines whereby those interested in flood control planning would be able to apply a pair of digital computer programs known as the University of Kentucky Flood Control Planning Programs to ease the computational burden of evaluating specific flood control situations. Program II determines the economically optimum combination of channel improvement, land use restriction, and flood proofing for flood damage abatement. Program III also incorporates reservoir storage into the planning process. The Programs are not intended to provide a finished design but rather to select the optimum combination of flood control measures …

Ecological Study Of The Effects Of Strip Mining On The Microbiology Of Streams, Ralph H. Weaver, Harry D. Nash

KWRRI Research Reports

The microflora of Cane Branch of Beaver Creek in McCreary County, Kentucky, which drains an area that was strip-mined between 1955 and 1959, was studied and compared with that of Helton Branch which drains a comparable area where there has been no mining. Differences include: the establishment of Ferrcbacillus ferrooxidans, for which procedures were developed for direct colony isolation from the stream; fewer saprophytic bacteria; more numerous and more diversified filamentous and unicellular fungi; and characteristic differences in algal flora. Representatives of 42 genera of filamentous fungi were identified. Of these, 21 were isolated only from Cane Branch. Representatives of …

Bulletin No 3547 - Kimberley Research Station - Progress Report 1968, Western Australian Department Of Agriculture

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

Rivers flowing to the Gulf of Carpentaria and the Timor Sea have been estimated by hydrologists to carry about three times the water transported annually over the Murray drainage system and the South Eastern slopes which, together, comprise the highly settled agricultural areas of South Eastern Australia.

In 1945, the North Australian Development Committee recommended research in the Ord-Victoria rivers region as a first step toward ultimate agricultural development of this Northern potential and, in 1946, the Kim- berley Research Station commenced operations under the joint control of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization and the Western Australian Department …

Effects Of Dieldrin On Reproduction Of Penned Hen Pheasants In The Second Generation, William Lyman Baxter

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Effects of dieldrin on penned hen pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) which were the offspring of hens receiving encapsulated dieldrin the previous year were measured. Hens produced by the previous year's control group received 0, 6, 8, or 12 mg of dieldrin per week for 14 weeks. Hens from treated groups received 0 or 6 mg per week. Effects of dieldrin were evaluated by influences upon reproductive success. Mortality occurred in all groups receiving dieldrin, and appeared to be correlated with a reduction in egg production. Dieldrin lowered egg production by reducing food consumption in the 12 mg group and two groups …

The Fish Population Of Lake Poinsett, South Dakota, As Indicated By The Catch, James C. Congdon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Gill nets, trap nets, an otter trawl, and a boom-type electric shocker were utilized to obtain samples of the fish population of Lake Poinsett, South Dakota. The species and size composition of the samples differed significantly with time of season, time of day, location on the lake, and type of gear. Decreased activity following spawning was the apparent cause of a midsummer decline in gill net and trap net catches of black bullhead, black crappie, and white crappie. A late summer increase in the catch of yearling black bullheads, crappies, white bass, carp and bigmouth buffalo was attributed to an …

Snapping Turtle Life History On Lacreek Refuge, South Dakota, Donald Arthur Hammer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Investigations of the snapping turtle population on Lacreek National Wildlife Refuge in south-central South Dakota were conducted during 1965-67. Turtles captured by trapping, “hooking”, boxing nests and catching nesting females were measured, marked and released. Turtles were marked by toe-clipping, routing, flagging, and tagging. Attaching a metal tag with a “pop-rivet gun” was the most successful marking technique. Molluscs (95 percent frequency) and vegetation (91 percent frequency) were the most important food items of 22 turtles captured on Valentine Refuge in north-central Nebraska. Bird remains were found in 23 percent of the stomachs. Recapture of marked turtles indicated that individual …

Evaluations Of Techniques For Estimating Fall Age Ratios Of Canada And Snow Geese, Kenneth Frederick Higgins

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Validity of flock counts, average group-size counts, cannot-net catches, and hunter-bag checks for estimating productivity of lesser snow geese (Anser caerulescens caerulescens) and small Canada geese (Branta cnadensis hutchinsii-parvipes complex) was studied at Sand Lake and Tewaukon National Wildlife Refuges during fall, 1965 and 1966. Age-ratios obtained from flock counts vaired with the number of flocks sampled, wind velocity and amount of sky cover. If adequate sampling sites are selected and weather conditions are standardized, age ratio data from flock counts are of value for assessing productivity. Variation in group composition and number contributed to the bias in average group-size …

Life History And Ecology Of The Black-Footed Ferret In The Wild, Conrad N. Hillman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Twenty-one black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) were observed at six different locations in southwest South Dakota between April 1966, and September 1967. All observations were made on black-tailed prairie-dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) towns from 15 to 100 acres in size. Because of the proximity of towns inhabited by ferrets, it was possible that individual animals were observed in more than one location. Three litters of ferrets were studied. Young ferrets were most active during early morning and late evening hours. Ferrets remained as a group until early fall when dispersal evidently occurred. Young ferrets accepted live-tethered and dead prairie dogs, mice, cottontails …

Food Habits And Energy Utilization Of Badgers, Grant K. Jense

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A study was initiated in 1966 to determine food habits and energy utilization of badgers. Digestive tracts were collected in eastern South Dakota from November 1966 to November 1967. A male and a female badger were used for two energy-balance and three digestion trials. Ground squirrels, mice and rabbits were found to be the most important mammal foods eaten. Birds and eggs were only eaten during spring and summer. Toads and grains were important fall foods. Insects were eaten throughout the year but usually only in trace amounts. However, when available, badgers ate large quantities of beetles and ground-nesting bees. …

A Survey Of Pollution On Selected Streams In The Black Hills Of South Dakota, Thomas J. Jurgens

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Seven Streams in the Black Hill of South Dakota were surveyed to determine the influence of suspected sources of pollution on these streams. The sources of pollution included both sewage treatment plant effluents and mining wastes. A comparison of the benthic fauna community below a pollution source to that above it was the primary basis for evaluating the effect of the pollution source on the stream. The results of the benthic fauna samples indicated that the streams surveyed were being polluted. The degree of pollution of each stream was also indicated by these results. Chemical analysis were sued to verify …

Limnology Of Selected South Dakota Lakes, Artwin E. Schmidt

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Physical, chemical, and biological aspects of 45 lakes in South Dakota were studied from July 1965 to July 1967. Maximum water temperature at the surface reached 28 C. Most of the lakes studied exhibited continuous circulation except when ice covered. Thermocline formation was observed in six of the lakes. Light transmission was influenced by turbidity, and varied greatly within individual lakes and among lakes. Dissolved oxygen concentrations ranged from near saturation to less than the recommended minimum for fish life. All likes studied were basic ranging from a pH of 7.1 to 11.3. Specific conductance of lakes occupying open basins …

Fishes Of The Big Sioux River, James A. Sinning

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

An understanding of the fishes and limnology of a river is essential to the effective management of the river. The climate, soils, and agricultural practices in eastern South Dakota create unusual characteristics in rivers draining that area. One of the principal rivers of the area is the Big Sioux River. Fishes of this river were first studied about 1900 by Meek and by Everman and Cox (Bailey and Allum, 1962). A later survey by Churchill and Over (1933) apparently included the Big Sioux River, but collection data were inadequate for detailed comparisons. Since that time collections of fishes were made …

Evaluation Of The Legal Institutions Of Diversion, Transfer, Storage, And Distribution Of Water In Kentucky, A. Dan Tarlock

KWRRI Research Reports

In 1966 Kentucky enacted a water use regulation statute which makes :important modifications in the common law doctrine of riparian rights by authorizing the state to grant permits for the use of water. The permit system is primarily designed to allow the state to gather the information necessary to conduct long range planning studies. However, the permit system can also be used to apportion water among competing users. The report examined the common law of riparian rights to determine how KRS Ch. 151 had modified it and analyzed some of the legal problems which could arise in the administration of …

Evaluation Of Runoff Coefficients From Small Natural Drainage Areas, Carlos Fix Miller, L. Douglas James

KWRRI Research Reports

The Kentucky Department of Highways, as do most other agencies which build small drainage structures, estimates flood peaks as the product of a runoff coefficient, a rainfall intensity, and the drainage area, Available procedures were applied to 39 gaged watersheds in and near Kentucky and compared with the results of frequency analysis of historical stream gage records. The methods consistently underestimated the flood peak.

Therefore, a more intensive study (using the Stanford Watershed Model) of the runoff coefficient was undertaken by dividing it into overland flow and streamflow components. A set of curves was developed based on the 50-year event …

The Effects Of Geographical And Climatic Setting On The Economic Advantages Of Alternative Flood Control Measures, Clyde R. Dempsey, L. Douglas James

KWRRI Research Reports

It has long been realized that tributary urban development and channel improvement greatly affect the flow regime in a given watershed. A previous study used the Stanford Watershed Model to derive relationships expressing how the flood peaks in Sacramento, California, might be expected to vary with changing conditions of urbanization, channelization, and tributary drainage area. In order to observe the effects of climatic setting and geographical location on these relationships, the same type of analysis was applied to a drainage area near Louisville, Kentucky.

If reservoir storage is to be considered in a flood control program, it is necessary to …

Ecological Relationships Of Breeding Blue-Winged Teal To Prairie Potholes, Roderick C. Drewien

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Ecology and behavior of breeding blue-winged teal (Anas discors) were studied in northeastern Day County, South Dakota in 1965 and 1966. Breeding pair use of the wetland habitat and importance of Type 1 ponds in the wetland complex were evaluated. Pair densities of 30.7 and 33.0 per square mile in 1965 and 1966, respectively, were above the 16-year average from 1950-66 and near maximum. Blue-winged teal comprised 46.7 percent of the waterfowl breeding population in 1965 and 51.7 percent in 1966. Number of water areas per square mile through mid-spring 1965 was comparable to the average for the 16-year period …

Water Quality Telemetry First Annual Progress Report, Duard S. Woffinden, Allen D. Kartchner

Reports

No abstract provided.

Feasibility Of Rating Current Meters In A Velocity Field, Gaylord V. Skogerboe, Lloyd H. Austin, Roland W. Jeppson, Chi-Yuan Wei

Reports

Preliminary studies employed an 8-inch (outlet diameter) contracting cone and an 8-inch converging nozzle. The design of the cone is based on an electromagnetic analogy reported by Smith and Wang, while the nozzle was designed assuming potential flow and using numerical methods to obtain the solution. Both designs yielded fairly uniform velocity fields, any deviations being primarily due to either construction or measurement techniques. The towing tank rating for a Pygmy current meter was compared with the submerged jet rating, the difference being 1 or 2 percent. A Prototype system was constructed using a 16-inch contracting cone (d). Two Type …

Hydraulic Characteristics Of A Modified Venturi Section, Muhammad Aslam Rasheed

Reports

The measurement of water in open channels on extremely flat grades is difficult because of the head loss that is necessary. A modified venture section, the contraction of which is provided by a top cover section mounted in a rectangular flume, is proposed to meet the requirements of a suitable measuring device for use in canals of flat gradients. The method of finite differences has been used for the mathematical solution to the idealized inviscid flow problem. This was followed by a laboratory investigation to ascertain the hydraulic characteristics of the proposed design. The experiments were conducted in a 3 …

Water Resources Research - A Challenge To The Social Scientists, Dean F. Peterson

Reports

No abstract provided.