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Initial Growth And Survival Of Bluegills And Black Bullheads Stocked With Largemouth Bass In South Dakota Ponds, James J. Shelley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Initial growth and survival rates were estimated for bluegills (Leponis macrochirus) and black bullheads (Ictalurus melas) stocked simultaneously with largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in ponds throughout South Dakota. Mean first year survival for bluegills and black bullheads stocked in eastern South Dakota ponds was 28.6% and 67.7%, respectively. Differences in first year bluegill growth throughout the state were not detected. Total lengths for bluegills averaged 52.4 mm after one growing season statewide and 137.1 mm after two growing seasons in southeastern South Dakota ponds. Significant (P<.05) geographical differences in first year growth of black bullheads were detected with mean lengths ranging from 67.7 mm in northwest ponds to 115.5 mm in southeast ponds. The average total length for black bullheads after two growing season in southeastern South Dakota ponds was 215.2 mm. The combined effects of pH, turbidity, and bicarbonate alkalinity accounted for 67.5% of the variation in first year bluegill growth. The pond parameters total number of growing days, fish present prior to stocking, and pond surface area when combined accounted for 73.9% of the variation in first year black bullhead growth. Differences in bluegill relative weight values were not detected throughout South Dakota; the average for the state was 105.2. Mean black bullhead condition factors (K) for fish with total lengths between 128 and 191 mm were 1.85 and 1.45 for pre- and post-spawning periods, respectively. Bullheads probably spawned between 29 May and 26 June 1980.

Movement And Distribution Of Esocids And Forage Fishes In A Power Plant Cooling Reservoir, Douglas T. Henley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

One Muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) and 2 northern pike (E. Lucius) were surgically implanted with untrasonic transmitters and tracked in a South Dakota cooling reservoir from June 1979 to June 1980. The fishes inhabited the intake area of the reservoir during the summer (temperature range, 27.5 – 31.5˚ C) and the discharge area during the winter (temperature range, 4.5 – 31.5˚C). In the spring and fall, the fishes were located throughout the reservoir (temperature range, 12.0 – 28.5˚C). Highest rates of movement for the esocids were recorded during the spring (675 – 1,100 m/day). The lowest rates were recorded during late …

Energy Siting In Utah: A Programming Model, Donald L. Snyder, John E. Keith, Terrence F. Glover, Gene L. Wooldridge

Reports

Using a conceptual model of a multiple-product firm, the necessary conditions for an optimal input and output allocation were determined for a region constrained by resource availabilities and/or policy constraints. A linear programming model was developed to deteremine the optimal allocation of water between agricultural and coal-fired electrical generating entities as well as the trade offs which could occur if electrical generation were increased. Other areas of potential trade offs such as coal source restrictions and air quality regualtions were also examined. Coal mining and transportation costs were included as were SO2, Nox, and particulate emission rates on a coal …

Calcium Carbonate Precipitation As Influenced By Stream Primary Production, Gretchen L. Rupp, V. Dean Adams

Reports

The potential influence of periphyton photosynthesis on calcium carbonate precipitation was studied for the Logan River, Bear River Mountains, northern Utah. The water chemistry, hydrology, and benthic primary production of the river were monitored for one year. periphyton photosynthesis and calcium carbonate precipitation were measured concurrently in laboratory experiments utilizing radioisotopic tracers. These experiments investigated the effects of water temperature, velocity, and macronutrient concentration on photosynthetically induced calcium carbonate precipitation. In these experiments, the biologic induction of calcium carbonate precipitation was not correlated with water nutrient level. It did, however, reflect water temperature, and was greatest at approximately 10 degrees …

The Occurrence Of Trihalomethane Compounds In Salt Lake City And Ogden, Utah, Drinking Water Supplies, Thomas Peters, V. Dean Adams, Dennis B. George

Reports

A purge and trap, gas chromatography system was developed to analyze for trihalomethane (THMs) compounds at the ppb (parts per billion) level in drinking water. Monthly influent and effluent samples were taken from three Weber Basin Water Conservancy Distrcit treatment plants, three Salt Lake City water treatmetn platns, and one Slat Lake Metropolitan water treatment plant. In addition tap water samples were taken at various business and residential locations in Salt Lake City, Utah, and Ogen, Utah. All samples were analyzed for trihalomethanes and total organic carbon (TOC). In addition to monthly sampling, a comparison of the production of THMs …

The Kinetics Of Rotating Biological Contactors Treating Domestic Wastewater, Abraham Pano, E. Joe Middlebrooks, J. H. Reynolds

Reports

Four, four-stage, laboratory scale rotating biological contactor (RBC) units were employed to develop kinetic models for the RBC process when treating domestic wastewater. The study was conducted at three different temperatures of 5 degrees C, 15 degrees C, and 20 degrees C. Each unit operated at a different constant organic loading rate taht ranged from 4 qCOD/m^2/d to 14 gCOD/m^2/d and at a constand detention time of 2 hours. Carbonaceous substrate removals measured as COD cencentrations with the four-stage RBC's were 80, 85, and 90 percent for 5 degrees C, 15 degrees C, and 20 degrees C, respectively. The major …

Natural Salinity Removal Processes In Reservoirs, Jay J. Messer, Eugene K. Israelsen, V. Dean Adams

Reports

A small but significant amount of salinity removal has been reported by various authors to occur in mainstem Colorado River reservoirs. Recalculation of some of these salinity budgets, together with a review of the data bases used, usggests taht removal has not often been conclusively demonstrated. Laboratory microcosm experiments and field data indicate that calcium carbonate precipitation, perhaps with some coprecipitation of magnesium carbonate, is the mechanism responsible for most of the salinity removal in Oneida Reservoir, Idaho. Coprecipitation processes (including ion exchange), coagulation, and bioassimilation do not appear to be important natural salinity removal mechanisms. Finally, loss of calcium, …

A Methodology For Public-Planner Interaction In Multiobjective Project Planning And Evaluation, Mac Mckee, T. Ward Morgan, Rangesan Narayanan, A. Bruce Bishop

Reports

A review of current multiple objective planning techniques is presented. A critique of certain classes of these techniques is offered, especially in terms of the degree to which they facilitate certain information needs of the planning process. Various tools in operations research are used to constructed a new multiple objective planning methodology, called the "Vector Optimization Decision Convergence Algorithm" (VODCA). An application of the methodology pertaining to water resources development in Utah is documented.

A User's Manual For Computer Programs Used In: Model Choice: An Operational Comparison Of Stochastic Streamflow Models For Droughts, W. Robert James, David S. Bowles, Nath T. Kottegoda

Reports

The rapid development of stochastic or operational hydrology over the past 10 years has led to the need for some comparative analyses of the currently available long-term persistence models. Five annual stochastic streamflow generation models (autoregressive, autoregressive-moviing-average (ARMA), ARMA-Markov, fast fractional Gaussian noise, and broken line) are compared on their ability to preserved drought-related time series properties and annual statistics. Using Monto Carlo generation procedures and comparing the average generated statistics and drought or water supply properties, a basis is established to evaluated model performance on four different Utah study streams. A seasonal disaggregation model is applied to each of …

Model Choice: An Operational Comparison Of Stochastic Streamflow Models For Droughts, W. Robert James, David S. Bowles, Nath T. Kottegoda

Reports

The rapid development of stochastic or operational hydrology over the past 10 years has led to the need for some comparative analyses of the currently available long-term persistence models. Five annual stochastic streamflow generation models (autoregressive, autoregressive-moving-average (ARMA), ARMA-Markov, fast fractional Gaussian noise, and broken line) are compared on their ability to preserve drought-related time series properties and annual statistics. Using Monte Carlo generation procedures and comparing the average generated statistics and drought or water supply properties, a basis is established to evalute model performance on four different Utah study streams. A seasonal disaggregation model is applied to each of …

Hydrosalinity Impacts Of Conservation Measures In The Sevier River Basin, Eugene K. Israelsen

Reports

The Sevier River Basin is a water short basin wherein upstream diversions not consumptively used become the water right for downstream users. The diversion-return cycle occurs several times as the stream travels from its mountain source areas to the terminal lake at the lower end of the basin. This study dealt with the proposed implementation of conservation measures which would wawste less diverted water and allow for irrigation of additional acres. The objective was to predict the hydrosalinity impacts of the implementation of these measures. The results indicated that increased consumptive use in the upper areas would decrease the water …

Erosion Inhibitor Performance Evaluation Under Simulated Wind And Rain, C. Earl Israelsen, Eugene K. Israelsen, William N. Mcneill

Reports

Introduction: Increasing public awareness of the desireability of protecting the environment from soil erosion caused by wind and water has centered attention on large construction projects such as highways and housing subdivisions, as well as on individual building sites and parking lots. If unattended, sediment produced from these areas pollutes surface water, restricts drainage, fills reservoirs, damages adjacent land, and upsets the natural ecology of lakes and streams. The search continues for products and practices that will prevent of lessen the amount of sediment leaving construction sites. Products currently in use include chemical as well as organic materials, and they …

Evaluation Of Particular Mulches For Fostering Plant Growth And Inhibiting Erosion (Phase 2), C. Earl Israelsen, Eugene K. Israelsen, William N. Mcneill

Reports

Introduction: Increasing public awareness of the desireability of protecting the environment from soil erosion caused by wnid and water has centered attention on large construction projects such as highways and housing subdivisions, as well as on individual building sites and parking lots. If unattended, sediment produced from these areas pollutes surface water, restricts drainage, fills reservoirs, damages adjacent land, and upsets the natural ecology of lakes and streams. The search continues for products and practices that will prevent or lessen the amount of sediment leaving construction sites. Products currently in use include chamical as well as organic materials, and they …

A Survey And Evaluation Of Shallow Groundwater Contamination Hazards In The State Of Utah, Edward P. Fisk, Calvin G. Clyde

Reports

A survey was made to appraise current man-made contamination of shallow groundwater in Utah. Very little has been published on the subject, and most of the information was obtained by personal observation and through interviews of individuals concerned with water quality protection in Utah. After presenting the relevant physiographic, geologic, and hydrologic characteristics of the various regions of Utah and discussing how these relate to groundwater contamination in general, representative groundwater quality hazards in 32 sites or regions in Utah are presented. A very wide range of hazards to groundwater quality was found to exist. These cases cover the range …

Fielding Ditch Pipeline Computer Simulation Study, Calvin G. Clyde, J. Paul Tullis, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

The Fielding Ditch Company Pipeline is almost 3 miles long and supplies irrigation water under low pressure to adjacent fields through 33 turnouts along its length. The 24-inch non-reinforced concrete pipeline began to experience repeated structural failures soon after it was placed in operation. This study was done for the Soil Conservation Service by the Utah Water Research Laboratory to gather field data on the pipeline operating characteristics, to analyze the hydraulic transients in the pipeline with the help of a computer simulation model, and to suggest modification to protect the pipeline from future failures caused by transient pressures. Following …

The Potential For Groundwater Contamination Along Basin Margins In The Arid West: Alluvial Fans And Lake Features, Calvin G. Clyde, Robert Q. Oaks, Peter T. Kolesar, Edward P. Fisk

Reports

Many towns of the arid west were built upon alluvial fans and upon sites underlain by Pleistocene lake deposits. The objective of this study was to assess the potential impact of these activities of man upon groundwater quality within these geological features. Emphasis was placed on shallow groundwater quality after it was determined that deep groundwater is rarely contaminated at such sites. A reconnaissance of Utah and Nevada was made and four sites underlain by alluvial fans (Willard, Manti, Elsinore, and Spring City) and four sites underlain by lake shore deposits (Hyde Park, Fielding, Providence and Richmond) were selected in …

Water Quality In Pleasant Valley, Utah, Calvin G. Clyde, Dennis B. George, Kun Mo Lee, Phil Pucel, William Hay

Reports

Pollution of shallow groundwater due to wastewater disposal in Pleasant Valley, Utah, was investigated from October 1979 through August 1980. Water samples were collected from 23 wells and 5 stream sampling sites. Water quality analysis revealed pollution at several sites. Groundwater pollution caused by man’s activities in the area was observed in Bolotas and Scofield Campsite subdivisions. Severe shallow groundwater pollution measured in wells which were located in south and north profiles of the town of Scofield, Utah, could have originated from the municipal waste disposal practice in the town. Natural phenomena, however, such as pyrite oxidation, could possible have …

Design Considerations In The Use Of Glauber Salt For Energy Storage, Duane G. Chadwick, Kim H. Sherwood

Reports

Various design concepts for the utilization of the latent heat of Glauber salt at temperatues between 25 degrees C and 50 degrees C were studied. Consideration was given to system economics and what particular heat storage system if perfected would be most cost effective. The problems of limited crystal size and heat transfer into and out of salt crystals is discussed. Crystal size is affected by the degree of agitation the salt solution experiences during the salt cooling process. Consequently, crystal size was moderated in a favorable way by introducing air bubbles at the bottom of the salt container. As …

Evaluation Of Wastewater Filtration, Bryant L. Benth, E. Joe Middlebrooks, Dennis B. George, James H. Reynolds

Reports

Tertiary filtration of secondary wastewater is frequently used to improve wastewater treatment plant effluent quality. Four experimental filter columns were operated at the Preston, Idaho, Wastewater Treatment Plant to evaluate the effectiveness of granular media, gravity filtration. The Preston plant is a trickling filter secondary treatment plant and services a population of approximately 3600 people. Four filter medium configurations were studied. Multi-media, dual-media, and single-media beds were constructed with the following media configurations: (1) coal-sand-garnet; (2) coal-sand; (3) sand-garnet; and (4) all sand. The filters were operated at two hydraulic loading rates. Effluents from the primary clarifier, trickling filter, and …

Ph Neutralization And Phosphorus Removal From A Sulfur Dioxide (So2) Treated Wastewater Using Lime (Ca(Oh)2) Addition, V. Dean Adams, Richard J. Watts

Reports

No abstract provided.

Sulfur Dioxide Treatment Of Secondary Sewage: Effect On Viruses, V. Dean Adams

Reports

No abstract provided.

Update On Estimation Of Water Surface Elevation Probabilities For The Great Salt Lake, L. Douglas James, David S. Bowles, W. Robert James, Ronald V. Canfield

Reports

The techniques of operational hydrology, employing an autoregrssive moving average (ARMA (1,0) model were used to replicate historical patterns of streamflow into, precipitation on, and evaporation from the Great Salt Lake. The results were combined with a lake water balance model to simulate lake stage sequences beginning with known initial conditions and extending up to 125 years into the future and used to generate probability distributions for future lake stages. Starting with a spring 1980 high stage of 4200.45 ft msl, the best estimate is that the 1981 spring high will be 4200.19, but there is one change in four …

Lime Neutralization Of So2 Treated Wastewater After Air Stripping, V. Dean Adams

Reports

No abstract provided.

The Physical And Chemical Limnology Of Lake Mcconaughy With Reference To Fisheries Management, Melvin W. Taylor, Kit M. Hams

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Publications

Lake McConaughy is an important fishery resource of the state of Nebraska. The estimated fishing pressure in 1975 as determined from a postal creel census was 175,872 angler days (Morris 1977). This estimate is inflated compared to an on-site creel census conducted in 1977-78 which showed a total of 69,500 fishing trips annually (Madsen 1980). Not all fishermen were contacted so this estimate is undoubtedly too low. Regardless of which figure is accepted, the reservoir provides many man-days of fishing opportunity. Conservation and management of the fishery resource is necessary to maintain and/or improve its quality,

An important factor in …

A Generalized Inland Fishery Simulator For Management Biologists, Melvin W. Taylor

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Staff Research Publications

Presently available fishery models are either too simplified or too complicated to be useful to inland fishery managers. This research was directed toward developing a simplified but realistic computerized simulator useful to fishery managers. The model developed is basically an ageclass structured simulator with features built in to allow easy but effective use by fishery managers. It includes provisions for input of all important parameters plus provisions for density-dependent relationships where applicable. Examples of model use are given for a put-and-take rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fishery and a self-sustaining walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) population.

Physical And Chemical Limnology Of Lake Mcconaughy, Melvin W. Taylor, Kit M. Hams

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

Lake McConaughy is an important fishery resource of the state of Nebraska. The estimated fishing pressure in 1975 as determined from a postal creel census was 175,872 angler days (Morris 1977). This estimate is inflated compared to an on-site creel census conducted in 1977-78 which showed a total of 69,500 fishing trips annually (Madsen 1980). Not all fishermen were contacted so this estimate is undoubtedly too low. Regardless of which figure is accepted, the reservoir provides many man-days of fishing opportunity. Conservation and management of the fishery resource is necessary to maintain and/or improve its quality,

An important factor in …

A Pleistocene Sand Sea On The Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain, L. David Carter

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

A ridge and thermokarst-basin landscape that is strikingly portrayed in Landsat winter imagery consists of large Pleistocene dunes that have been modified by younger eolian activity and thermokarst processes. This is the most extensive area of large stabilized dunes yet reported in the North American Arctic; the landscape is ofparticular interest because it has been proposed as a$rst-order analog for martian fretted terrain. Recognition of the large dunes permits a new interpretation for linear and curvilinear trends visible in Landsat summer imagery.

Water Current, Volume 13, No. 1, January/February 1981

Water Current Newsletter

Annual Report, Nebraska Water Resources Center
Water Resources Seminars
Matching Fund Proposals Submitted to OWRT
Nebraska Water Conference
Fischbach Receives Award
Director of DWR Resigns
EPA Announces Groundwater Protection Plan
Five-Year Research Goals and Objectives
Research Review: Estimation of Ground Water Recharge Benefits for Irrigation Use

Age And Growth Rate Of Tropical Trees: New Directions For Research, F. Herbert Bormann, Ed., Graeme Berlyn, Ed.

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

No abstract provided.

Economic Impacts Of Irrigation Technologies In The Sevier River Basin, Theodore R. Frickel, Rangesan Narayanan

Reports

The economic well-being of the semiarid intermountain area requires efficent use of available water supplies. Agriculture, the major water-consuming industry, depends on irrigation water. The adoption of sprinkler systems that increase on-farm irrigation "efficiencies" and the area which can be irrigated from upstream diversions may interfere with the "tenure" of downstream water rights. These downstream effects need to be evaluated before allowing farmers to use the water "saved" to irrigate additional acreages or crops to obtain greater profits. The problem in letting farms expand their irrigated acreage is that the individual farmer increases his profits through increased consumptive use. The …